| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Allamani, Allaman, et al.
(författare)
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Contextual Determinants of Alcohol Consumption Changes and Preventive Alcohol Policies : A 12-Country European Study in Progress 2011
- 2011
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Ingår i: Substance Use & Misuse. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1082-6084 .- 1532-2491. ; 46:10, s. 1288-1303
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Beginning with France in the 1950s, alcohol consumption has decreased in Southern European countries with few or no preventive alcohol policy measures being implemented, while alcohol consumption has been increasing in Northern European countries where historically more restrictive alcohol control policies were in place, even though more recently they were loosened. At the same time, Central and Eastern Europe have shown an intermediate behavior. We propose that country-specific changes in alcohol consumption between 1960 and 2008 are explained by a combination of a number of factors: (1) preventive alcohol policies and (2) social, cultural, economic, and demographic determinants. This article describes the methodology of a research study designed to understand the complex interactions that have occurred throughout Europe over the past five decades. These include changes in alcohol consumption, drinking patterns and alcohol-related harm, and the actual determinants of such changes
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Bernhardsson, Josefin, 1979-
(författare)
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Normalitetens gränser : En fokusgruppstudie om alkoholkultur(er), genus- och åldersskapande
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- During the last decades, scholars have discussed the changes of Swedish alcohol culture. Among other things, it has been suggested that parallel with increased consumption levels men’s and women’s drinking is becoming more similar.In connection with this discussion, the purpose of this thesis is to examine Swedish alcohol culture(s) by analysing the meanings that focus groups from different generations ascribe to drinking in relation to different life periods: childhood, adolescence and adulthood. More specifically, it aims to analyse how the interviewees specify and negotiate normative boundaries and self-presentations in relation to norms and discourses of gender and age. An essential part of the analysis is to examine differences within gender and age-groups, as well as the similarities between them.The findings suggest that even though drinking patterns are changing in terms of quantity and choice of beverage, meanings, motives and norms seem to be rather stable – especially in regard to gender. Overall, a distinction is being made between men and women: Femininity is constructed in terms of control, responsibility and caring, and masculinity in terms of fearlessness, breaking of boundaries, and loss of control. Men’s and women’s drinking are also accounted for in different ways. While men’s drinking behaviours are excused with arguments about biology and hormones, women’s (anticipated) responsibility is explained with their connection to motherhood.However; these norms vary in strength and are expressed in different ways, depending on the drinking norms of different life-periods; mainly moderate in childhood and adulthood, and mainly orientated to binge-drinking in adolescence. With regard to positive meanings ascribed to drinking, similarities between age and gender groups are also generally greater than the differences between them. Thus, gendered differences are mainly constructed in relation to behaviours that are perceived as risky or problematic.
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| 6. |
- Blomqvist, Sven, et al.
(författare)
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Adolescents with intellectual disability have reduced postural balance and muscle performance in trunk and lower limbs compared to peers without intellectual disability
- 2013
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Ingår i: Research in Developmental Disabilities. - : Elsevier BV. - 0891-4222 .- 1873-3379. ; 34:1, s. 198-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For adolescent people with ID, falls are more common compared to peers without ID. However, postural balance among this group is not thoroughly investigated. The aim of this study was to compare balance and muscle performance among adolescents aged between 16 and 20 years with a mild to moderate intellectual disability (ID) to age-matched adolescents without ID. A secondary purpose was to investigate the influence of vision, strength, height and Body Mass Index (BMI) on balance. A group of 100 adolescents with ID and a control group of 155 adolescents without ID were investigated with five balance tests and three strength tests: timed up and go test, one leg stance, dynamic one leg stance, modified functional reach test, force platform test, counter movement jump, sit-ups, and Biering-Sorensen trunk extensor endurance test. The results showed that adolescents with an ID in general had significantly lower scores in the balance and muscle performance tests. The group with ID did not have a more visually dominated postural control compared to the group without ID. Height, BMI or muscle performance had no strong correlations with balance performance. It appears as if measures to improve balance and strength are required already at a young age for people with an ID.
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| 7. |
- Burman, Jan-Ola, et al.
(författare)
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Automated inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry based on a sequential reading monochromator
- 1981
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Ingår i: Analytica Chimica Acta : Computer Techniques and Optimization. - 0378-4304. ; 133:3, s. 379-392
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An automated computer-controlled sequential reading monochromator system for optical emission spectrometry with an inductively-coupled plasma as source is described. The system selects the set of emission lines which are best suited for each type of sample. Multi-element analysis of major and trace elements is done automatically, including sample changing, calibration, background correction and presentation of results.
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| 8. |
- Edman, Johan, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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The Swedish drug problem : conceptual understandingand problem handling, 1839–2011
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. - : SAGE Publications. - 1455-0725 .- 1458-6126. ; 31:5-6, s. 503-526
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM – To analyse the Swedish drug question by examining dominant concepts used to portray theproblem in the years 1839–2011. Theoretically, we understand these concepts as ideological toolsthat shape the political initiatives and administrative efforts to deal with the problem. The studyis based on two kinds of source material: articles in medical journals from the years 1839–1964and public reports on vagrancy, the alcohol problem, mental health and the drug problem fromthe years 1882–2011.FINDINGS – During the nineteenth century and the first part of the twentieth century the drugproblem remained an individual problem handled by doctors. When the Swedish drug problemwas established as a political question from the 1960s on, it also came to disengage itself from themedical frame of understanding. Medically oriented descriptions of “dependence” and “addiction”have appeared adequate or attractive when, for example, the socially motivated coercive treatmentsolution has been discredited (as in the 1970s), when there has been a desire to connect with aninternationally accepted terminology (as in the 1990s) or when a new organisational model with astronger professional support has been on the agenda (as in the 2010s). But otherwise the socialproblem description has called for concepts that have more or less explicitly dissociated themselvesfrom speculations in physiological or psychological predispositions for substance abuse.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Eriksson, Mimmi, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Alcohol prevention in the Swedish workplace – who cares?
- 2004
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Ingår i: Contemporary Drug Problems. - 0091-4509 .- 2163-1808. ; 31:2, s. 263-285
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article we discuss what interest, and whose interest, there is in working with alcohol and drug prevention in workplaces. As the Swedish alcohol policy has weakened, alternative ways for primary prevention are sought. Public reports have pointed out the workplace as one arena for prevention that could compensate for the government's diminishing alcohol control. Will this work? What conditions are necessary in order to work successfully with these issues in a corporate environment? Several studies have suggested that there is little interest in working with prevention in workplaces, and this study supports this finding. This study involved interviews at 16 companies in Sweden with personnel managers, employees (in focus groups), union representatives, and in some cases the company's health care department. In a preliminary stage the findings verified our hypothesis that the overall interest in primary prevention in reality is not that strong. The participants in the study believed that the responsibility lies in intervention when the alcohol or drug problem has arisen, and there is really not much the company can do to prevent people from using alcohol or drugs.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Eriksson, Mimmi, et al.
(författare)
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Alkohol- och drogtester i svenskt arbetsliv
- 2001
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Ingår i: Arbetsmarknad & Arbetsliv. - 1400-9692 .- 2002-343X. ; 7:4, s. 225-238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alkohol- och drogtester i arbetslivet är fortfarande en kontroversiell och komplex fråga, femton år efter att tester först började användas i Sverige. Problematiken och oklarheterna rör såväl juridiska, sociala som etiska aspekter. Dessutom saknas utvärderingar och forskning i Sverige om huruvida alkohol- och drogtester överhuvudtaget bidrar till att uppnå de målsättningar som kopplas till dem. Tre fall har varit uppe i Arbetsdomstolen (AD), men har inte i någon högre grad klargjort de otydligheter som finns. På arbetsgivarsidan har utfallen av domsluten dock tolkats som ett klartecken till att både införa och fortsätta med tester. Denna artikel syftar till att redogöra för dagsläget och problematiken med alkohol- och drogtester. Undersökningsresultat från telefonintervjuer med personalchefer på svenska företag presenteras.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Eriksson Tinghög, Mimmi, 1973-
(författare)
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Mission Impossible? Universal Alcohol Prevention at Workplaces in Sweden
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Since the mid 1990s, alcohol policy in Sweden has undergone major changes and the restrictive policy instruments have been weakened. Alternative and compensatory preventive measures have been sought and the workplace is repeatedly referred to as an important and appropriate arena for prevention. Universal methods, such as disseminating information and education programs, are seen as crucial in order for individuals to be able to make informed choices about their alcohol consumption.The overall purpose of this thesis is to analyze the prerequisites for and the possibilities and barriers associated with alcohol education programs at workplaces. The first paper investigates the general interest in alcohol prevention at workplaces where no interventions had been undertaken. The second paper is an effect study which investigates the effects of a short alcohol education program provided to those employed at a company in Stockholm. In the third paper, the effects of a day-long alcohol education program provided to all persons employed by a municipality are studied. The fourth paper is an interview study, in which the aim is to analyze how the participants in alcohol education programs view their participation and the content and legitimacy of the intervention.The findings suggest that interest in prevention at workplaces is low among employers. In addition, there are difficulties linked to implementation and evaluation, and in achieving and registering any substantial effects. The effect studies noted a significant increase in alcohol-related knowledge and that binge drinking decreased among those who drank the most. The employees found the education programs interesting and valuable but mostly for others, i.e. those who drink too much. Taken together, the studies suggest that it is not reasonable to believe that workplace-based prevention will become a common and effective measure or that it will compensate for the weakened alcohol policy in Sweden.
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| 15. |
- Fernö, Mårten, et al.
(författare)
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One or multiple samplings for flow cytometric DNA analyses in breast cancer-prognostic implications?
- 1992
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Ingår i: Cytometry. - : Wiley. - 0196-4763 .- 1097-0320. ; 13:3, s. 241-249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Flow cytometric assessments of DNA ploidy status and the S-phase fraction (SPF) have been shown to yield prognostic information in breast cancer. The aim of the present investigation was to elucidate the reproducibility of results with regard to tumor DNA heterogeneity, and to ascertain whether the prognostic value of DNA measurements might be enhanced by analyzing two pieces of a tumor instead of one. Agreement with regard to ploidy status (diploid versus non-diploid) was obtained in 90% of cases (71/79) when two adjacent sections of the tumor were investigated, and in 77% of cases (10/13) when four biopsies from different quadrants of the tumor specimen were investigated. The corresponding figures for agreement in SPF (divided into three categories, less than 7.0%, 7.0-11.9%, and greater than or equal to 12%) were 75% (59/79; 2-sample series) and 55% (7/13; 4-biopsy series). The main reason for variance in ploidy results was the difficulties in distinguishing near diploid cell populations. Discrepancies in SPF categories could be explained by minor fluctuations in SPF values near the cut-off levels, or by variance in ploidy status, the fraction of non-diploid nuclei, and background noise due to cell debris. There was a stepwise increase in recurrence rate (RR) among patients with increasing SPF category (RR: 20%, 41%, and 53%). Patients whose SPF categories varied, from low or intermediate in one part of the tumor to high in another, seemed to have a poor prognosis (RR = 57%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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| 16. |
- Fernö, Mårten, et al.
(författare)
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Recurrence-free survival in breast cancer improved by adjuvant tamoxifen--especially for progesterone receptor positive tumors with a high proliferation
- 1995
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Ingår i: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. - 1573-7217. ; 36:1, s. 23-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although the beneficial effect on breast cancer of adjuvant tamoxifen (TAM) is well established, in the series studied by our group this effect seems to have been restricted to patients with steroid receptor (especially progesterone receptor (PgR)) positive tumors. However, as some patients with PgR-positive tumors manifested recurrence despite adjuvant TAM treatment, the question arose whether some other biological factor(s) could be used to identify these non-responding cases. The level of the S-phase fraction (SPF), as measured by flow cytometry, has been shown to be a useful prognostic marker, prognosis being better in cases where the SPF is low than in those where it is high. The aim of the present study was to relate the prognosis after adjuvant TAM to SPF among patients with PgR-positive tumors. In the PgR-positive group as a whole, the effect of TAM on prognosis was more pronounced in the high SPF group than in the low SPF group (p = 0.005) the respective decrease in 3 year recurrence rate was from 19 to 43% and from 17 to 9%. Multivariate analysis of the data for the TAM-treated group showed the level of PgR concentration (low positive vs. high positive), lymph node status, and tumor size to be independent predictive factors, but not the level of SPF (i.e. high vs. low). By contrast, among patients not treated with TAM, the SPF was a strong independent prognostic factor. To sum up, SPF was a strong independent predictor of outcome only for patients receiving no systemic adjuvant therapy, but not in patients receiving adjuvant TAM. Patients with PgR-positive and high S-phase tumors derived more benefit from TAM than patients with PgR-positive and low SPF tumors.
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| 17. |
- Figueroa, Jonine D., et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association study identifies multiple loci associated with bladder cancer risk
- 2014
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Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press. - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 23:5, s. 1387-1398
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- andidate gene and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 11 independent susceptibility loci associated with bladder cancer risk. To discover additional risk variants, we conducted a new GWAS of 2422 bladder cancer cases and 5751 controls, followed by a meta-analysis with two independently published bladder cancer GWAS, resulting in a combined analysis of 6911 cases and 11 814 controls of European descent. TaqMan genotyping of 13 promising single nucleotide polymorphisms with P < 1 × 10−5 was pursued in a follow-up set of 801 cases and 1307 controls. Two new loci achieved genome-wide statistical significance: rs10936599 on 3q26.2 (P = 4.53 × 10−9) and rs907611 on 11p15.5 (P = 4.11 × 10−8). Two notable loci were also identified that approached genome-wide statistical significance: rs6104690 on 20p12.2 (P = 7.13 × 10−7) and rs4510656 on 6p22.3 (P = 6.98 × 10−7); these require further studies for confirmation. In conclusion, our study has identified new susceptibility alleles for bladder cancer risk that require fine-mapping and laboratory investigation, which could further understanding into the biological underpinnings of bladder carcinogenesis.
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| 18. |
- Figueroa, Jonine D., et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide interaction study of smoking and bladder cancer risk
- 2014
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Ingår i: Carcinogenesis. - : Oxford University Press. - 0143-3334 .- 1460-2180. ; 35:8, s. 1737-1744
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bladder cancer is a complex disease with known environmental and genetic risk factors. We performed a genome-wide interaction study (GWAS) of smoking and bladder cancer risk based on primary scan data from 3002 cases and 4411 controls from the National Cancer Institute Bladder Cancer GWAS. Alternative methods were used to evaluate both additive and multiplicative interactions between individual single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and smoking exposure. SNPs with interaction P values < 5 x 10(-5) were evaluated further in an independent dataset of 2422 bladder cancer cases and 5751 controls. We identified 10 SNPs that showed association in a consistent manner with the initial dataset and in the combined dataset, providing evidence of interaction with tobacco use. Further, two of these novel SNPs showed strong evidence of association with bladder cancer in tobacco use subgroups that approached genome-wide significance. Specifically, rs1711973 (FOXF2) on 6p25.3 was a susceptibility SNP for never smokers [combined odds ratio (OR) = 1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.20-1.50, P value = 5.18 x 10(-7)]; and rs12216499 (RSPH3-TAGAP-EZR) on 6q25.3 was a susceptibility SNP for ever smokers (combined OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.67-0.84, P value = 6.35 x 10-7). In our analysis of smoking and bladder cancer, the tests for multiplicative interaction seemed to more commonly identify susceptibility loci with associations in never smokers, whereas the additive interaction analysis identified more loci with associations among smokers-including the known smoking and NAT2 acetylation interaction. Our findings provide additional evidence of gene-environment interactions for tobacco and bladder cancer.
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| 19. |
- Figueroa, Jonine D., et al.
(författare)
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Identification of a novel susceptibility locus at 13q34 and refinement of the 20p12.2 region as a multi-signal locus associated with bladder cancer risk in individuals of European ancestry
- 2016
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Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press. - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 25:6, s. 1203-1214
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Candidate gene and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 15 independent genomic regions associated with bladder cancer risk. In search for additional susceptibility variants, we followed up on four promising single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that had not achieved genome-wide significance in 6911 cases and 11 814 controls (rs6104690, rs4510656, rs5003154 and rs4907479, P < 1 × 10−6), using additional data from existing GWAS datasets and targeted genotyping for studies that did not have GWAS data. In a combined analysis, which included data on up to 15 058 cases and 286 270 controls, two SNPs achieved genome-wide statistical significance: rs6104690 in a gene desert at 20p12.2 (P = 2.19 × 10−11) and rs4907479 within the MCF2L gene at 13q34 (P = 3.3 × 10−10). Imputation and fine-mapping analyses were performed in these two regions for a subset of 5551 bladder cancer cases and 10 242 controls. Analyses at the 13q34 region suggest a single signal marked by rs4907479. In contrast, we detected two signals in the 20p12.2 region—the first signal is marked by rs6104690, and the second signal is marked by two moderately correlated SNPs (r2 = 0.53), rs6108803 and the previously reported rs62185668. The second 20p12.2 signal is more strongly associated with the risk of muscle-invasive (T2-T4 stage) compared with non-muscle-invasive (Ta, T1 stage) bladder cancer (case–case P ≤ 0.02 for both rs62185668 and rs6108803). Functional analyses are needed to explore the biological mechanisms underlying these novel genetic associations with risk for bladder cancer.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Fridell, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Narkotikamissbruk och psykopatologi
- 1989
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Ingår i: Dödligheten bland narkotikamissbrukare i de nordiska länderna. - 0283-118X. ; 5, s. 71-106
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 22. |
- Fu, Yi-Ping, et al.
(författare)
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The 19q12 Bladder Cancer GWAS Signal : Association with Cyclin E Function and Aggressive Disease
- 2014
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Ingår i: Cancer Research. - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445. ; 74:20, s. 5808-5818
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of bladder cancer identified a genetic marker rs8102137 within the 19q12 region as a novel susceptibility variant. This marker is located upstream of the CCNE1 gene, which encodes cyclin E, a cell-cycle protein. We performed genetic fine-mapping analysis of the CCNE1 region using data from two bladder cancer GWAS (5,942 cases and 10,857 controls). We found that the original GWAS marker rs8102137 represents a group of 47 linked SNPs (with r(2) >= 0.7) associated with increased bladder cancer risk. From this group, we selected a functional promoter variant rs7257330, which showed strong allele-specific binding of nuclear proteins in several cell lines. In both GWASs, rs7257330 was associated only with aggressive bladder cancer, with a combined per-allele OR = 1.18 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09-1.27, P = 4.67 x 10(-5)] versus OR = 1.01 (95% CI, 0.93-1.10, P = 0.79) for nonaggressive disease, with P = 0.0015 for case-only analysis. Cyclin E protein expression analyzed in 265 bladder tumors was increased in aggressive tumors (P = 0.013) and, independently, with each rs7257330-A risk allele (P-trend = 0.024). Overexpression of recombinant cyclin E in cell lines caused significant acceleration of cell cycle. In conclusion, we defined the 19q12 signal as the first GWAS signal specific for aggressive bladder cancer. Molecular mechanisms of this genetic association may be related to cyclin E overexpression and alteration of cell cycle in carriers of CCNE1 risk variants. In combination with established bladder cancer risk factors and other somatic and germline genetic markers, the CCNE1 variants could be useful for inclusion into bladder cancer risk prediction models.
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| 23. |
- Gevert, Börje Sten, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Diesel fuel with low aromatic content
- 2011
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Ingår i: Abstract of Papers of the American Chemical Society. - 0065-7727.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of the study was to investigate if adding a second dearomatization step can minimize the concentration of aromatics in low aromatic city diesel. For diesel fuel to be called low aromatics city diesel (MK1 in Sweden), the concentration of aromatics can be 5 % maximum presently. Low aromatic city diesel was reacted with hydrogen gas over a catalyst bed of Pt/Al 2O 3 in a downflow reactor system. This reaction was studied at different pressures and temperatures. The samples were analyzed with a gas chromatograph and a high performance liquid chromatography. It can be seen that a high concentration of low fraction hydrocarbons (gasoline) has been formed at high temperatures. The analysis with the high performance liquid chromatography points at a concentration of aromatics lower than 2 %.
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| 24. |
- Guttormsson, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Vad händer på narkotikaområdet? : narkotikamissbruk och marginalisering : tendenser inför millenieskiftet
- 1999
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Utvecklingen i ord. Missbruksutvecklingen. Aktuella droger. Bemötandet - vård och behandling. Från missbruk till kriminalvård. Riskgrupper. Faktorer som påverkar marginalisering och drogmissbruk. Utvecklingen i siffror. Genomgång av register och andra datakällor. Analys av data: utvecklingen av missbruket av olika droger, ungdomar, etablerade missbrukare, regionala skillnader och bakgrundsfaktorer. (Från innehållsförteckningen)
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| 25. |
- Haasen, C., et al.
(författare)
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Cocaine use in Europe - a multi-centre study : Methodology and prevalence estimates
- 2004
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Ingår i: European Addiction Research. - 1022-6877 .- 1421-9891. ; 10:4, s. 139-146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An increase in the use of cocaine and crack in several parts of Europe has raised the question whether this trend is similar to that of the USA in the 1980s. However, research in the field of cocaine use in Europe has been only sporadic. Therefore, a European multi-centre and multi-modal project was designed to study specific aspects of cocaine and crack use in Europe, in order to develop guidelines for public health strategies. Data on prevalence rates were analysed for the general population and for specific subgroups. Despite large differences between countries in the prevalence of cocaine use in the general population, most countries show an increase in the last few years. The highest rate with a lifetime prevalence of 5.2% was found for the United Kingdom, although with a plateau effect around the year 2000. With regard to specific subgroups, three groups seem to show a higher prevalence than the general population: (1) youth, especially in the party scene; (2) socially marginalized groups, such as homeless and prostitutes or those found in open drug scenes; (3) opiate-dependent patients in maintenance treatment who additionally use cocaine. Specific strategies need to be developed to address problematic cocaine use in these subgroups.
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| 26. |
- Johansson, Börje, et al.
(författare)
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Commuters' non-linear response to time distances
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Geographical Systems. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1435-5930 .- 1435-5949. ; 5:3, s. 315-329
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Established analyses of labour market commuting are based on random choice models and gravity type models. In these models generalised transport costs are formulated as exponential or log-linear distance dependent functions. This paper presents empirical observations, which imply that time distances influence the commuting behaviour in a non-linear way, such that the time sensitivity is much lower for very short and long distances, whereas intermediate distances display a high time sensitivity. This is explained in a model that is parameterised and estimated. The results are important for understanding and predicting commuter behaviour. It also helps to delineate space, as in classical traditions, into local, intra-regional and extra-regional space.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Johansson, Börje, et al.
(författare)
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Firm Location, Corporate Structure,R&D Investment, Innovation and Productivity
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study elucidates how firm location and corporate structure influence R&D-intensity, externalcollaboration on innovation, return on R&D and economic performance. The study, based on 1,907 firmlevel observations, essentially compare a functional region with four other regional areas in Sweden. Inthis context, the Stockholm region is assumed as an integrated functional urban region with innovationproximitycharacteristics. The paper examines systematically the influence of location versus various firmcharacteristics. The econometric results suggest the following: First, a typical Stockholm firm has asignificantly larger likelihood than other firms of being engaged in innovation activities. Second, amonginnovative firms, the R&D intensity and global collaboration on innovation is primarily determined by itscorporate structure, not geographic location. Third, the embeddedness in regional and national scientificand vertical innovation systems is relatively more intense outside Stockholm. Finally, the advantage ofbeing located within Sweden’s most strongest concentration of R&D spending, universities, human capitaland multinational enterprises with their global networks is reflected by a superior return on R&Dinvestments and higher productivity, when controlling for firm size, human capital, physical capital, R&Dintensity,market orientation and sector classification.
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| 29. |
- Johansson, Börje, et al.
(författare)
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Firm Location, Corporate Structure, R&D Investment, Innovation and Productivity
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Functional Regions. - : Edward Elgar.
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study elucidates the relationship between localisation of firms, corporate structure, intellectual capital and innovations.The main finding is that a greater concentration of multinational firms, human capital, T&D and universities is significantly and positive associated with research productivity. All other things equal, such as firm size, sector classification, human capital, corporate owner structure and R&D investment, the return to an invested Euro in R&D is, at the margin, greatest for firms localized to the capital of Sweden, compared to four other large regions. However, surprisingly Stockholm firms also have a lower propensity to cooperate with scientific, vertical and horisontal innovation systems. This may reflect limitations of popular survey-based information such as Community Innovation Survey data to capture spillover and the importance of informal collaborative relationships within regions.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Johansson, Börje, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
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Time distances and labor market integration
- 2002
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Ingår i: Papers in regional science (Print). - : Wiley. - 1056-8190 .- 1435-5957. ; 81:3, s. 305-327
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article investigates how time distances within and between municipalities determine the spatial extent of local and regional labor markets. As time distances change, the extent of the labor market will also change. Diminishing time distances will bring about increases in labor market size by integrating formerly spatially separate markets. We analyze such processes using accessibility measures derived from a random choice preference function approach. Accessibility is measured in terms of number of jobs, labor supply and supply of service functions. The aim of the work is to illustrate the usefulness of the purpose-specific accessibility measure we introduce.
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| 32. |
- Johansson, Börje, et al.
(författare)
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Time distances and labor market integration
- 2002
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Ingår i: Papers in regional science (Print). - : Wiley. - 1056-8190 .- 1435-5957. ; 81:3, s. 305-327
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article investigates how time distances within and between municipalities determine the spatial extent of local and regional labor markets. As time distances change, the extent of the labor market will also change. Diminishing time distances will bring about increases in labor market size by integrating formerly spatially separate markets. We analyze such processes using accessibility measures derived from a random choice preference function approach. Accessibility is measured in terms of number of jobs, labor supply and supply of service functions. The aim of the work is to illustrate the usefulness of the purpose-specific accessibility measure we introduce.
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| 35. |
- Kjellén, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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A Phase I/II Evaluation of Metoclopramide as a Radiosensitiser in Patients with Inoperable Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung
- 1995
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0852 .- 0959-8049. ; 31:13-14, s. 2196-2202
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The feasibility of administering metoclopramide (MCA) as a radiosensitizer has been evaluated in 23 patients with a pathological or cytological diagnosis of a squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, clinically evaluated as inoperable. All patients received 40-60 Gy radiotherapy fractionated into 1.8 Gy fractions 5 times per week (Monday-Friday). Two MCA treatment regimens were used: (i) MCA at 2 mg/kg administered by intravenous infusion 1-2 h prior to radiotherapy 3 times per week (Monday, Wednesday, Friday); and (ii) MCA at 1 mg/kg administered by intravenous infusion 1-2 h prior to radiotherapy 5 times per week (Monday-Friday). 11 of the 23 patients treated with radiotherapy and MCA had none to mild pneumonitis or fibrosis and another 8 of the 23 had moderate levels. No patient had their therapy interrupted due to radiation-related side-effects. The MCA-related side-effects were as expected, i.e. 78% of the patients experienced sedation/tiredness and 48% expressed restlessness/anxiety symptoms. Both the total dose and serum levels of MCA were significantly associated to the MCA side-effect profile. Tumour response, duration of tumour response and survival were significantly positively correlated to the total and weekly doses of MCA administered to the patients during their radiotherapy treatment. These favourable phase II data have justified the initiation of a phase II/III randomised multicentred trial being carried out in Europe to evaluate MCA as a radiosensitiser.
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| 40. |
- Lenke, Leif, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish Drug Policy in the Twenty-First Century : A Policy Model Going Astray
- 2002
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Ingår i: The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. - : SAGE Publications. - 0002-7162 .- 1552-3349. ; 582:1, s. 64-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the 1990s, the drug problem in Sweden stabilized in spite of a heroin wave on the European continent and in the United Kingdom. The preconditions for this control policy are discussed, as are the advantages of the Swedish drug control model with its massiveness regarding prevention, treatment, and repression. When drawing conclusions from the 1980s, focus has been placed on zero tolerance and dissociation of harm reduction activities in connection with the economic crisis that, although temporary, hit Swedish society in the 1990s. This resulted in the control policy's having a list so that preventive measures and treatment had to give in on behalf of further strengthening of the police in the drug control model. The change in focus toward an even more pronounced zero tolerance approach did not yield any visible results regarding drug use. Experimenting with drugs and heavy drug use increased considerably during the 1990s.
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| 41. |
- Lund, Ingeborg, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction
- 2008
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Ingår i: Painting the Town Red. - Helsinki : Nordic Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research (NAD). - 9789515331434 ; , s. 5-12
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 42. |
- Mahajan, Rashmi, et al.
(författare)
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Oxytocin-Selective Nanogel Antibody Mimics
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. - : MDPI. - 1661-6596 .- 1422-0067. ; 23:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oxytocin imprinted polymer nanoparticles were synthesized by glass bead supported solid phase synthesis, with NMR and molecular dynamics studies used to investigate monomer-template interactions. The nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering, scanning- and transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Investigation of nanoparticle-template recognition using quartz crystal microbalance-based studies revealed sub-nanomolar affinity, k(d) approximate to 0.3 +/- 0.02 nM (standard error of the mean), comparable to that of commercial polyclonal antibodies, k(d) approximate to 0.02-0.2 nM.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Olsson, Annsofie
(utställningsansvarig, creator_code:cre_t)
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Forskarnas Galleri #7: Fighting cancer with plastic bullets
- 2019
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Konstnärligt arbeteabstract
- Cancer är en term som används för cirka 200 olika sjukdomar. Det de alla har gemensamt är att cellerna i kroppen börjar delas okontrollerat. 2018 fanns det 18 miljoner cancerfall över hela världen. I Sverige kommer ungefär varje tredje person att diagnostiseras med en cancersjukdom någon gång under sin livstid.Det är en stor utmaning för vetenskapen att hitta sätt att diagnostisera och behandla dessa sjukdomar. På Malmö universitet arbetar en ny generation kemister, fysiker och biologer tillsammans i två internationella nätverk, BioCapture och GlycoImaging. Deras forskning fokuserar på att utforma antikroppar, plastkulor, som ska upptäcka cancerceller i ett tidigt skede. Kulorna är dessutom billiga att producera.De två projekten samordnas av Börje Sellergren och Anette Gjörloff Wingren, som utbildar och handleder 19 doktorander. Utställningen Fighting Cancer with Plastic Bullets belyser doktorandernas tvärvetenskapliga arbete och deras betydelse för cancerforskningen. Biblioteket har fått bidrag av Sten K Johnsons stiftelse för att producera utställningen.
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| 45. |
- Olsson, Börje
(författare)
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Alkohol- och narkotikaforskning : Nuläge, behov och framtid
- 2007
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Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Svensk alkohol- och narkotikapolitik genomgår för närvarande stora förändringar och utmaningarna för framtiden är många. Det europeiska perspektivet har blivit allt viktigare, både i fråga om problemens omfattning som i möjligheterna att forma den framtida politiken. Forskningen har en viktig roll och i denna presentation görs en genomgång av det aktuella forskningsläget och en analys av framtida forskningsbehov.
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