| 1. |
- Astrachan, Joseph H., et al.
(författare)
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Values, Spirituality and Religion : Family Business and the Roots of Sustainable Ethical Behavior
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Business Ethics. - : Springer. - 0167-4544 .- 1573-0697. ; 163, s. 637-645
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The inclusion of morally binding values such as religious—or in a broader sense, spiritual—values fundamentally alter organizational decision-making and ethical behavior. Family firms, being a particularly value-driven type of organization, provide ample room for religious beliefs to affect family, business, and individual decisions. The influence that the owning family is able to exert on value formation and preservation in the family business makes religious family firms an incubator for value-driven and faith-led decision-making and behavior. They represent a particularly rich and relevant context to re-assess the relationship between ethical beliefs, decision-making processes and behaviors in business organizations at the interface between family and professional logics. This Special Issue is dedicated to deepening our understanding of the role religious values and spirituality play in the formation of organizational ethical practices in faith-led family firms and resulting organizational and family-related outcomes. In this editorial, we introduce the 10 papers included in this Special Issue, which investigate the relationship between religion or spirituality and family firm ethical behavior in various geographical, cultural and religious contexts, using a multitude of qualitative and quantitative methodologies. By focusing on the effects of religious or spiritual orientations on both the business and the family, as well as on the values, norms and goals present in the family business system, further research can gain a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between religious and spiritual believes, and sustainable ethical behavior in family firms.
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| 2. |
- Baù, Massimo, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Becoming manager in a family firm : A gendered path
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Women in business have been often described as invisible (Allen & Langowitz, 2003) resulting in calls for research to investigate women’s contributions to family firms (FF) (Martinez Jimenez, 2009). Female employees can legitimately accuse the existence of “glass ceiling” that prevent their advancement in the managerial ranks (Powell, 1999). Compared with male employees in equivalent positions, female employees may find that their perspectives are overlooked and their contributions devalued (Ridgeway et al., 2009).Our interest is in better understanding this discrimination and possible ways to change it. How do education, job tenure, job category and industry knowledge impact on the probability of being promoted to managerial positions in FF and non FF? How does gender moderate this probability?To answer these questions we employee a mixed method approach. In the quantitative part, we adopt a longitudinal dataset produced by Statistics Sweden with annual observations on all Swedish privately held firms, Swedish inhabitants, and family ties. This allow us to reconstruct the career path of all the employees that received a promotion to a managerial position in a Swedish company in the last 10 years. Our unique dataset allows us to match their salaries and career development recognizing the existence of gender discrimination. These results will be illustrated through a qualitative part, with interesting cases offering an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon.Our results confirm the existence of gender discrimination, for example in the salary paid by Swedish companies. Understanding the impact of educational choices, job categories and family choices on career paths for men and women, offers fundamental insights for managers, HR specialists, and policy makers. Moreover, it provides a unique opportunity for this interactive workshop to discuss the family business values, and how to develop a stronger family business responsibility against gender discriminations.
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| 3. |
- Baù, Massimo, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Bridging locality and internationalization – A research agenda on the sustainable development of family firms
- 2021
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Ingår i: Entrepreneurship and Regional Development. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0898-5626 .- 1464-5114. ; 33:7-8, s. 477-492
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Globalization, digital technologies, societal and environmental concerns influence the way family firms operate locally and internationally. Family firms are often torn between their local and global environments, simultaneously visible and embedded in their local environment while marketing their products and services abroad. Unlike large multinationals that have often lost their roots, family firms manifest an active interest in maintaining their local roots and traditions. Moreover, increasing concerns with sustainable development call for continuity through sustainability aimed at improving local and global socioeconomic conditions. This editorial of the special issue on ?Locality and Internationalization of Family Firms? discusses this tension that family firms face and how they can build bridges between communities increasingly drifting apart. By bridging local and global environments, family firms can contribute to the sustainable development of society. We present a research agenda addressing this particular bridging function of family firms and propose several avenues for future research.
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| 4. |
- Baù, Massimo, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Careers in family business : New avenues for careers and family business research in the 21st century
- 2020
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Ingår i: The Journal of Family Business Strategy. - : Elsevier. - 1877-8585 .- 1877-8593. ; 11:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of our special issue is to demonstrate how a careers perspective can contribute to the study of family businesses and bring to light how the family business context extends and challenges career theories and concepts. Inspired by the studies in our special issue and our review of previous research, we propose a conceptual model that leverages the concept of family embeddedness and intertwines it with career processes and outcomes. Building on the family embeddedness perspective, we propose several avenues for future research for family business and career scholars.
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| 5. |
- Baù, Massimo, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Employee layoffs in times of crisis : do family firms differ?
- 2024
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Ingår i: Entrepreneurship and Regional Development. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0898-5626 .- 1464-5114.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we seek to understand firm behaviour during times of crisis, with a particular focus on family firms in different contexts. We theorize that family control mitigates (i.e. negatively moderates) the relationship between economic crisis and the layoff of employees, resulting in a higher propensity of family firms to retain their employees during a crisis compared to their nonfamily counterparts. Furthermore, taking a closer look at family firms, based on their location, we argue that family firms in rural regions are more likely to adopt measures leading to involuntary job turnover than family firms in urban areas due to a higher sensitivity to the loss of socioemotional wealth following a business closure. Relying on a panel dataset of Swedish private firms active in the period 2004-2012, our study contributes to a better understanding of family firms as employers in different contexts.
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| 6. |
- Baù, Massimo, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Fail but try again? The effects of age, gender, and multiple-owner experience on failed entrepreneurs’ reentry
- 2017
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Ingår i: Entrepreneurship. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1042-2587 .- 1540-6520. ; 41:6, s. 909-941
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate what leads failed entrepreneurs to reenter entrepreneurship by taking a developmental career perspective. Specifically, we hypothesize that the age of failed entrepreneurs has a non-linear relationship with the likelihood of reentering entrepreneurship that follows different career stages (early, middle, and late). The gender of failed entrepreneurs and multiple-owner experience in the failed firm are hypothesized to be moderators of this relationship. We test our hypotheses using a database consisting of the Swedish population, including 4,761 entrepreneurs who failed between 2000 and 2004. Analyzing their career paths over the years following their failure offers support for our theoretical expectations.
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| 7. |
- Baù, Massimo, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Family versus non-Family Firm Mergers: Likes Attract Likes, but Complementarity also Helps
- 2018
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Ingår i: Academy of Management Proceedings.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using social identity theory and the concept of acculturation, we examine how the identity of the target firm in a family firm-led merger impacts the merged entity’s subsequent performance. We compare family firms’ target preferences and post- merger performance to those of non-family firms, and find that not only are family firms more likely to prefer other family firms as merger partners, but also achieve better post-merger outcomes with them. Further, we test the moderating effect of industry unrelatedness on these relationships. Our results show that while cultural similarity helps post-merger outcomes, strategic and resource complementarity enhances the benefits of culture. We test our hypotheses using a large sample of Swedish private firms, which largely controls for national cultural differences. After controlling for endogeneity and self-selection bias, our results support all our hypotheses.
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| 8. |
- Baù, Massimo, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
-
Locality and internationalization of family firms
- 2017
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Ingår i: Entrepreneurship and Regional Development. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0898-5626 .- 1464-5114. ; 29:5-6, s. 570-574
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 9. |
- Baù, Massimo, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Modes of Business Entry and Exit in Family Firms: The Role of Resource Intangibility
- 2018
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Ingår i: Academy of Management Proceedings.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Are family firms’ business entry (internal development versus acquisition) and exit (dissolution versus sale) mode choices distinct from those of non-family firms, and what is the role played by intangible resources? Building on a comprehensive sample of privately-held Swedish firms, we find that family firms are more likely than non-family firms to enter a new business via internal development than acquisition, and more likely to exit from an existing business via dissolution than sale. Additionally, resource intangibility at the organizational level strengthens the differences in exit and entry modes between family and non-family firms such that compared to non-family firms, family firms are increasingly more likely to rely on the internal development and dissolution of business units as the availability of intangible resources increase. Contributions to existing literature on entry and exit modes and on family business’ strategic choices are shared in the concluding section.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Baù, Massimo, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Roots to grow : Family firms and local embeddedness in rural and urban contexts
- 2019
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Ingår i: Entrepreneurship. - : Sage Publications. - 1042-2587 .- 1540-6520. ; 43:2, s. 360-385
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study analyzes the nexus among business growth, ownership structure, and local embeddedness—that is, the involvement of economic actors in a geographically bound social structure—in rural and urban contexts. This work combines regional economics with studies on family business and firm growth and uses a coarsened matched sample of privately held Swedish firms. The findings indicate that family firms benefit more than nonfamily firms from local embeddedness and as such they achieve higher levels of growth and that this effect is more pronounced in rural areas. Research implications are shared in the Conclusion section.
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| 12. |
- Baù, Massimo, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Self-Employment Or Employment After Exit : The Effect Of An Entrepreneur’s Age And Gender
- 2013
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Ingår i: Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research 2013 : Proceedings of the Thirty-third Annual Entrepreneurship Research Conference. - Boston : Babson College. - 9780910897389 - 0910897387
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Building on career literature, we predict that an entrepreneur’s age at the time of re-entry has a unique and complex non-linear effect on the choice to become self-employed versus employed after an exit. Based on a database covering the whole Swedish population, we studied 79,356 entrepreneurs who experienced exit in a five year window (2000-2004) and we examined their career choice as self-employed versus employed. Our results show an inverted S-shaped curve which follows the career lifecycle stages (early, middle, and late). Also, we demonstrate that gender (man vs. woman) moderate the entrepreneur’s age/re-entry relationship.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Brunelli, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Nonfinancial reporting in family firms : A systematic review and agenda for future research
- 2023
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Ingår i: Business Strategy and the Environment. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0964-4733 .- 1099-0836.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper offers a systematic review of the literature on nonfinancial reporting in family firms, which has substantially grown in recent years. We identified and analyzed 74 articles published between 2002 and 2023. The work contributes to the domains of nonfinancial reporting and family business by providing an integrative and critical overview of the literature and by identifying future research avenues. We conclude by offering practical implications for managers, consultants, and policymakers.
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| 15. |
- Chirico, Francesco, et al.
(författare)
-
Are Family Firms Loss Averse?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Academy of Management Proceedings.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A substantial stream of research has examined how strategic decision making in family-controlled firms is driven by a concern for safeguarding its socioemotional wealth (SEW), or the “affect related value embedded in the family firm” (Gomez-Mejia et al, 2007: 108). Proponents of this theory argue that because family owners and strongly identify with their firm (Cannella, Jones & Withers, 2015; Deephouse & Jaskiewicz, 2013), they routinely prioritize non-economic goals. In this study, we propose an alternative framing based on social identity. Using a panel study of private Swedish firms, we develop theory and find support for our claim that the concern for social identity gives family firms incentives to pursue penetration strategies and make related acquisitions in their core markets, and to offset the risks of that strategy by making diversifying unrelated) in peripheral markets. A reversal of this strategy when financial implications are averse supports the conclusion that family firms are not loss averse. Implications for BAM-based models of SEW are addressed.
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| 16. |
- Chirico, Francesco, et al.
(författare)
-
Family versus Non-Family Firm Mergers : Likes Attract Likes, Outperform Opposites
- 2017
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using social identity theory, we examine how the identity of the target firm in a family firm-led merger impacts the merged entity’s subsequent performance. We compare family firms’ target preferences and postmerger performance to those of non-family firms, and find that not only are family firms more likely to prefer other family firms as merger partners, but also achieve better post-merger outcomes with them. We test our hypotheses using a large sample of Swedish private firms, which largely controls for national cultural differences. After controlling for endogeneity and self-selection bias, our results support all our hypotheses.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Chirico, Francesco, et al.
(författare)
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To patent or not to patent: That is the question. Intellectual property protection in family firms
- 2020
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Ingår i: Entrepreneurship. - : Sage Publications. - 1042-2587 .- 1540-6520. ; 44:2, s. 339-367
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examines family firms’ propensity to protect their intellectual property through patents. Building on the mixed gamble logic of the behavioral agency model, we theorize that family ownership has a U-shaped relationship with firm propensity to patent. Specifically, we argue that family firms’ desire to prevent losses of current socioemotional wealth inhibits their propensity to patent until a threshold level of family ownership, beyond which the family’s socioemotional wealth is secured and a greater focus on prospective financial gains attainable through patents is possible. We also suggest that environmental munificence moderates this nonlinear relationship such that a low-munificent environment accentuates the potentially detrimental (beneficial) effects of low-to-medium (medium-to-high) levels of family ownership on patents. We test our hypotheses on a sample of 4,198 small- and medium-sized family firms.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Cyron, Thomas
(författare)
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How organizations incorporate insights from stakeholder communication : The role of media and modal affordances
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Organizations are increasingly opening up to external voices that might carry new insights and help organizations to find their place in society. But the context through which organizations communicate with their stakeholders shapes how communication unfolds. Traditionally, organizations communicated with their stakeholders through shareholder letters, town hall meetings, or printed advertisements. Nowadays, cyberspace has opened up communication in multiple ways. It affords fast and boundless two-way communication between organizations and stakeholders and among stakeholders, that can be both a blessing and a curse. In any case, changes in the communication landscape have affected all types of organizations—large corporations, small and medium-sized enterprises, and newly started ventures.My research connects to ongoing discussions on how new media have shaped the landscape of organizations. Specifically, I explore how organizations incorporate insights from stakeholder communication from a practice-based view. This view allows me to magnify and understand better how the communication context shapes the interaction. My empirical research focuses on stakeholder communication in a single-case study of the world’s largest miniature model railway exhibition and three new venture ideation cases. I employ a mix of qualitative research methods, including digital data collection techniques.A bricolage of the four papers included in this dissertation frames the insights under the assumption that communication constitutes organization. It allows me to conceptualize the incorporation of new insights from stakeholder communication as a co-authoring process. Specifically, I show that modes provide the meaning-making resources through which humans communicate organizations into being. Media act as vessels of modes and shape how stakeholders can interact with—and co-author—the modes.My future research agenda focuses on two aspects. First, I suggest following more closely how new narratives that stakeholders offer during the co-authoring process subsequently travel through an organization. This question is particularly relevant in larger corporations where the newly proposed narratives have to travel more considerable distances between stakeholder communication practices and decision-making practices. Second, I suggest investigating stakeholder communication from a design perspective, that is, a study of the heuristics that managers and entrepreneurs employ before engaging in stakeholder communication.
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| 24. |
- Girma Aragaw, Z., et al.
(författare)
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Contextualizing corporate entrepreneurship : a systematic review and future research agenda
- 2024
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Ingår i: Entrepreneurship and Regional Development. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0898-5626 .- 1464-5114.
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Corporate entrepreneurship (CE) is an essential concept in entrepreneurship research. Many scholars have shown CE theoretical and empirical implications for firms’ survival, development, and growth. We use a systematic literature review approach to analyse and discuss 214 articles published in top-tier journals from 1985 to 2023. This review proposes a conceptual model and highlights that little attention has been given to discussing the role of context in the corporate entrepreneurial process. Thus, we propose a research agenda for contextualizing corporate entrepreneurship concerning business, social, spatial, institutional, organizational, and ownership contexts.
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| 25. |
- Gómez-Mejia, Luis R., et al.
(författare)
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Best Among the Worst or Worst Among the Best? Socioemotional Wealth and Risk-Performance Returns for Family and Non-Family Firms Under Financial Distress
- 2023
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Ingår i: Entrepreneurship. - : Sage Publications. - 1042-2587 .- 1540-6520. ; 47:4, s. 1031-1058
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A firm’s proactive engagement in risk, which has been deeply intertwined with the entrepreneurship literature, is essential to sustaining a firm’s long-term competitive advantage. Drawing on BAM’s mixed gamble logic in a family firm context, the present study offers a theoretical framework examining how firm risk returns differ in the contexts of distressed (the worst) and nondistressed (the best) family and nonfamily firms. We predict that family control moderates the risk taking performance relationship. That is, compared with nonfamily firms, a mixed gamble featuring the prospect of socioemotional and financial losses leads family firms to extract higher financial returns from risk taking when in financial distress, but lower financial returns when they are not in financial distress. Our theoretical expectations are supported using a matched sample of Swedish firms.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Iyer, Dinesh N., et al.
(författare)
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The triggers of local and distant search : Relative magnitude and persistence in explaining acquisition relatedness
- 2019
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Ingår i: Long range planning. - : Elsevier. - 0024-6301 .- 1873-1872. ; 52:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research on problemistic search has assumed negative attainment discrepancy to be the trigger of both local and distant search. Extending this research, we present and compare two additional triggers: (1) relative attainment discrepancy, which reflects how much a firm's attainment discrepancy deviates from its past negative attainment discrepancies; and (2) persistent attainment discrepancy, which reflects how often the firm experiences below-aspirations performance. Our triggers for distant search model a behavioral explanation for the timing and relatedness of acquisitions. We find support for baseline arguments of problemistic search whereby firms increase both industry- and skill-related acquisitions when they perform below aspirations. When they persistently perform below aspirations, however, this likelihood is reduced and firms engage in acquisitions that are more unrelated, thereby providing support for the notion of expanding search boundaries from local to distant search. Of the two triggers of distant search proposed, relative attainment discrepancy does not induce firms to expand search boundaries. Our results indicate that persistent attainment discrepancy is a key construct to consider when studying the expansion of search boundaries.
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| 28. |
- Lauto, Giancarlo, et al.
(författare)
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Individual and institutional drivers of technology transfer in open innovation
- 2015
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Ingår i: Entrepreneurship and Knowledge Exchange. - London : Routledge. - 9781317748137 - 9781315795638 ; , s. 27-39
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The open innovation perspective offers a powerful framework which can be used in developing an understanding of the relationships that are established between academia and industry in the process of technology transfer. This paper develops a fourfold classification of technology transfer activities based on consultancy and the protection of intellectual property rights, and identifies the factors characterizing each activity. An empirical study was conducted with a sample of 249 researchers affiliated to Italian universities and the results indicate that specific forms of technology transfer are associated with particular configurations of regional systems of innovation, academic organizations and the motivations of researchers. The authors find that exchanges of tacit knowledge benefit from social interaction, while those based on codified knowledge are less context-dependent. In addition, more complex forms of technology transfer – those combining tacit and codified knowledge – require a broader endowment of resources, at both individual and contextual levels.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Minola, Tommaso, et al.
(författare)
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Slack and Financial Performance in SMEs : Slack Discretion, Family Ownership, and Hi-Tech Sectors
- 2017
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Ingår i: Academy of Management Proceedings January 2017 (Meeting Abstract Supplement) 16406. - : Academy of Management.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Following intensive recent debates, the literature still offers ambiguous results on the ultimate effect of slack resources on firm performance, particularly in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). We address this gap by examining how two different types of slack resources (high- and low-discretion slack) affect firm performance and how these relationships are moderated by family ownership and by operating in a high-tech industry. Using a sample of 8,345 Italian SME we show that slack is not always beneficial to firm performance and that the slack-performance relationship is contingent on both internal and external factors.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Minola, Tommaso, et al.
(författare)
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Under which circumstances do family SMES achieve high growth? : A behavioural perspective
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Small Business Journal. - : Sage Publications. - 0266-2426 .- 1741-2870. ; 40:6, s. 768-798
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-growth firms contribute disproportionately to the creation of employment, wealth and economic development on a global basis. Yet, knowledge of the circumstances under which such growth patterns occur is limited, and the findings with regard to small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are inconclusive. Adopting the behavioural agency model, we analyse the effect of family control and related nuances (i.e. degree of family ownership and presence of a family chief executive officer (CEO)) on SME growth. Furthermore, we argue that the type of slack resources and their availability are a crucial organisational contingency when investigating high growth in SMEs. Using a sample of 39,631 European SMEs over a 13-year period, we find that family firms are less likely to achieve high growth compared to non-family firms; having a family CEO further reduces this likelihood. Instead, at higher (vs lower) levels of family ownership, the probability of family firms achieving high growth increases. Furthermore, the availability of high- and low-discretion slack resources influences these relationships. Our study advances current understanding of high growth in general, and family firms in particular.
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| 35. |
- Naldi, Lucia, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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All about my mother : Factors influencing women’s entrepreneurship
- 2019
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Ingår i: Academy of Management Proceedings. - : Academy of Management.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using data on all businesses started by mothers of young children in Sweden between 2000 and 2014, we investigate what factors are the most important drivers of entrepreneurship among mothers. We find that being unemployed or being an immigrant are important drivers of entrepreneurship among mothers. However, our findings show that the most important and primary determinant of entrepreneurship by mothers in Sweden is the amount of paternity leave taken by their partners. These findings suggest that in institutional contexts such as Sweden gender inequality is not a persistent feature of most households and that women can make career choices by negotiating with their partners who will make use of the parental benefits offered by the government.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Naldi, Lucia, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Gender (in)equality within the household and business start-up among mothers
- 2021
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Ingår i: Small Business Economics. - : Springer. - 0921-898X .- 1573-0913. ; 56, s. 903-918
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using data on all businesses started by mothers of young children in Sweden between 2000 and 2014, we explore which factors are associated with entrepreneurship among mothers. We find that being unemployed or being an immigrant is positively associated with business start-up by mothers; however, our findings show that what matters more is the paternity leave taken by the mothers’ partners. These findings suggest that in institutional contexts such as Sweden, gender inequality is not a persistent feature of most households and that women can make career choices by negotiating with their partners who will make use of the parental benefits offered by the government.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Naldi, Lucia, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Home alone : Gender (in)equality within the household and business start-up among mothers
- 2019
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Ingår i: Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research 2019. - : Babson College.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Principal topic: Recent research suggests that contexts characterized by institutional arrangements that supportwork-family balance (e.g. parental leave, flexible work hours, subsidized childcare) are lessconducive to entrepreneurship among women than are other contexts. However, mothers of young children also start businesses in countries with supportive work-family institutions, such as Sweden. Questions, therefore, remain about what factors determine business start-up by mothers of youngchildren in these contexts.Extant theory suggests two different predictions that rest on different perspectives on genderin equality. The predominant perspective takes gender inequality within households as given, and assumes the mother to be responsible for child-care even if both parents work. Thus, this perspective predicts that in countries with supportive work-family institutions - such as Sweden - mothers ofyoung children start businesses mainly because they are unemployed or because they have difficulties finding a good job. The other perspective assumes gender equality within households. Itis argued that policies that favor female workforce participation also contribute to more egalitarian relationships at home. Thus, this perspective predicts that in countries such as Sweden, mothers start businesses because fathers assume larger responsibility for childcare, and take parental leave. Since both predictions are compelling and might coexist, it is important to investigate what factors - being unemployed or having a partner who assumes responsibility for childcare - are the most important drivers of entrepreneurship among mothers in Sweden.Method: We selected our sample by identifying mothers of all children born in Sweden between 2000and 2014. We then collected longitudinal information about them and their partners from Statistics Sweden. We used a Cox proportional hazard model to test what factors explain the likelihood ofmothers of starting a business. We controlled for factors that could affect our results.Results and Implications: Our results confirm that being unemployed or being an immigrant are important drivers of entrepreneurship among mothers. However, contrary to the predominant view, the primary determinant of entrepreneurship by mothers in Sweden is the amount of paternity leave taken by their partners. These findings suggest that formal institutions, such as family policies, might have altered informal institutions, such as normative expectations within households, making a nongendered division of parental leave the primary determinant of entrepreneurship among mothers. Our study provides important implications for research on women’s entrepreneurship and workfamily balance.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Pittino, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Starting a family business as a career option : The role of the family household in Mexico
- 2020
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Ingår i: The Journal of Family Business Strategy. - : Elsevier. - 1877-8585 .- 1877-8593. ; 11:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study analyses the determinants of an individual’s intention to start up a new venture thatinvolves family members. Building on the family embeddedness perspective, we hypothesize theexistence of an inverted U-shaped relationship between the number of individuals in a familyhousehold and the intention to start a family business. Moreover, we argue that this relationship ismoderated by the household income and the individual’s education level. With supportiveempirical results based on data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) from Mexico,our work contributes to research on family embeddedness and entrepreneurial career intentionsby identifying the importance of household-level factors in the family business start-up decision,and by depicting such decision as a distinctive career option in terms of self-employment.
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| 42. |
- Quigley, Timothy J., et al.
(författare)
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Does the CEO effect on performance differ in private versus public firms?
- 2022
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Ingår i: Strategic Organization. - : Sage Publications. - 1476-1270 .- 1741-315X. ; 20:3, s. 652-673
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Scholars have long debated the effect CEOs have on firm performance, including a focus on how their effect shifts across industries, national settings, and time. Unexplored, however, is the possibility that the CEO effect might differ in publicly traded versus privately held firms. Drawing on a unique longitudinal sample of both publicly traded and large, privately held Swedish firms from 1997 to 2013, we replicate and build upon prior CEO effects studies and find that private-firm CEOs have a greater effect on firm performance, for good or for ill, than do their public firm counterparts. Our results are strengthened after controlling for industry, firm profitability, and size in a matched-pair sample. We discuss the implications and potential future research stemming from these findings.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Withers, Michael C., et al.
(författare)
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Employee mobility in family and non-family firms : The role of family firm-specific human capital
- 2020
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Ingår i: Academy of Management: Proceedings. - : Academy of Management.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drawing on human capital theory of employee mobility, we develop theory regarding family firm-specific human capital. Specifically, we argue that nonfamily employees of family firms are less likely to change their job than employees of nonfamily firms. We then examine employees’ mobility and the compensation outcome when such jobs changes occur. To examine these relationships, we utilize a unique dataset of all Swedish employees’ job changes from 2001 to 2012. Overall, with supportive empirical results, the present study offers a deeper understanding of employees’ mobility towards family and nonfamily private firms.
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