| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Backstrom, T, et al.
(författare)
-
A time-domain interpretation for the LSP decomposition
- 2004
-
Ingår i: IEEE transactions on speech and audio processing. - 1063-6676 .- 1558-2353. ; 12:6, s. 554-560
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The line spectrum pair (LSP) decomposition is a widely used method in speech coding. In this article, we will show that the LSP polynomials, whose trivial zeros have been removed, are equivalent to two optimal (in the mean square sense) predictors in which a sample is predicted from linear combinations of its previous averaged and differentiated values.
|
|
| 4. |
- Bridel, Claire, et al.
(författare)
-
Diagnostic Value of Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurofilament Light Protein in Neurology : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
- 2019
-
Ingår i: JAMA Neurology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2168-6149 .- 2168-6157. ; 76:9, s. 1035-1048
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Importance Neurofilament light protein (NfL) is elevated in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of a number of neurological conditions compared with healthy controls (HC) and is a candidate biomarker for neuroaxonal damage. The influence of age and sex is largely unknown, and levels across neurological disorders have not been compared systematically to date.Objectives To assess the associations of age, sex, and diagnosis with NfL in CSF (cNfL) and to evaluate its potential in discriminating clinically similar conditions.Data Sources PubMed was searched for studies published between January 1, 2006, and January 1, 2016, reporting cNfL levels (using the search terms neurofilament light and cerebrospinal fluid) in neurological or psychiatric conditions and/or in HC.Study Selection Studies reporting NfL levels measured in lumbar CSF using a commercially available immunoassay, as well as age and sex.Data Extraction and Synthesis Individual-level data were requested from study authors. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate the fixed effects of age, sex, and diagnosis on log-transformed NfL levels, with cohort of origin modeled as a random intercept.Main Outcome and Measure The cNfL levels adjusted for age and sex across diagnoses.Results Data were collected for 10 059 individuals (mean [SD] age, 59.7 [18.8] years; 54.1% female). Thirty-five diagnoses were identified, including inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (n = 2795), dementias and predementia stages (n = 4284), parkinsonian disorders (n = 984), and HC (n = 1332). The cNfL was elevated compared with HC in a majority of neurological conditions studied. Highest levels were observed in cognitively impaired HIV-positive individuals (iHIV), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and Huntington disease. In 33.3% of diagnoses, including HC, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer disease (AD), and Parkinson disease (PD), cNfL was higher in men than women. The cNfL increased with age in HC and a majority of neurological conditions, although the association was strongest in HC. The cNfL overlapped in most clinically similar diagnoses except for FTD and iHIV, which segregated from other dementias, and PD, which segregated from atypical parkinsonian syndromes.Conclusions and Relevance These data support the use of cNfL as a biomarker of neuroaxonal damage and indicate that age-specific and sex-specific (and in some cases disease-specific) reference values may be needed. The cNfL has potential to assist the differentiation of FTD from AD and PD from atypical parkinsonian syndromes.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Backstrom, E., et al.
(författare)
-
Possible Extraction of Drugs from Lung Tissue During Broncho-alveolar Lavage Suggest Uncertainty in the Procedure's Utility for Quantitative Assessment of Airway Drug Exposure
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. - : Elsevier. - 0022-3549 .- 1520-6017. ; 111:3, s. 852-858
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Following inhaled dosing, broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) is often used for sampling epithelial lining fluid (ELF) to determine drug concentration in the lungs. This study aimed to explore the technique's suitability. Urea is typically used to estimate the dilution factor between the BAL fluid and physiological ELF, since it readily permeates through all fluids in the body. As representatives of permeable small molecule drugs with high, medium and low tissue distribution properties, propranolol, diazepam, indomethacin and AZD4721 were infused intravenously to steady state to ensure equal unbound drug concentrations throughout the body. The results showed that propranolol had higher unbound concentrations in the ELF compared to the plasma whilst this was not the case for the other compounds. Experiments with different BAL volumes and repeated lavaging indicated that the amount of drug extracted is very sensitive to experimental procedure. In addition, the results show that the unbound concentrations in ELF compared to plasma differs dependent on molecule class and tissue distribution properties. Overall data suggests that lavaging can remove drug from lung tissue in addition to ELF and highlights significant uncertainty in the robustness of the procedure for determining ELF drug concentrations. (c) 2021 American Pharmacists Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 11. |
- Backstrom, T, et al.
(författare)
-
Cardiac outflow of amino acids and purines during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985). - : American Physiological Society. - 8750-7587 .- 1522-1601. ; 94:3, s. 1122-1128
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel application of microdialysis was studied, in which myocardial outflow of amino acids and purines was monitored by intravasal microdialysis in the myocardial venous outflow during ischemia and reperfusion. Microdialysis catheters were introduced into the great cardiac vein, pulmonary artery, and external jugular vein in 20 anesthetized pigs. The left anterior descending artery was occluded in four groups of pigs for 0, 10, 15, and 60 min. Ischemia was followed by 120 min of reperfusion. Microdialysis samples were analyzed for taurine, aspartate, glutamate, hypoxanthine, inosine, and guanosine. Myocardial infarction developed when ischemia exceeded 10 min. Taurine, aspartate, inosine, and guanosine increased early in the great cardiac vein during ischemia. We found the outflow patterns of amino acids and purines to be graded in response to different lengths of ischemia. In this study we have demonstrated a graded outflow of amino acids and purines in response to ischemia and a positive correlation between infarct size and myocardial outflow of amino acids and purines. This could be of value in a clinical setting to quantify the extent of myocardial damage.
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
| 26. |
|
|
| 27. |
|
|
| 28. |
|
|
| 29. |
|
|
| 30. |
|
|
| 31. |
|
|
| 32. |
|
|
| 33. |
|
|
| 34. |
|
|
| 35. |
- Kallstenius, T, et al.
(författare)
-
Degradation of InGaAsP/InP-based multiquantum-well lasers
- 1999
-
Ingår i: JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS. - : AMER INST PHYSICS. - 0021-8979. ; 86:5, s. 2397-2406
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The formation of dark-area defects (DADs) along the active stripe in InGaAsP/InP-based buried-heterostructure multiquantum-well (BH-MQW) lasers, observed in electroluminescence and photoluminescence (PL) after degradation, is found to be related to disloc
|
|
| 36. |
- Kallstenius, T, et al.
(författare)
-
On the degradation of InGaAsP/InP-based bulk lasers
- 1999
-
Ingår i: JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY. - : IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC. - 0733-8724. ; 17:12, s. 2584-2594
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Degradation of InGaAsP/InP-based buried-heterostructure bulk (BH-bulk) lasers has been studied by means of electroluminescence (EL), photoluminescence (PL), electron-beam-induced current (EBIC) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Lasers with p/n a
|
|
| 37. |
|
|
| 38. |
|
|
| 39. |
|
|
| 40. |
- Kleijn, W. Bastiaan, et al.
(författare)
-
On line spectral frequencies
- 2003
-
Ingår i: IEEE Signal Processing Letters. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1070-9908 .- 1558-2361. ; 10:3, s. 75-77
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The commonly used line spectral frequencies form the roots of symmetric and antisymmetric polynomials constructed from a linear predictor. In this letter, we provide a new, simpler proof that the symmetric and antisymmetric polynomials can be regarded as optimal constrained predictors that correspond to predicting from the low-pass and high-pass filtered signal, respectively.
|
|
| 41. |
|
|
| 42. |
|
|
| 43. |
|
|
| 44. |
|
|
| 45. |
|
|
| 46. |
|
|
| 47. |
|
|
| 48. |
|
|
| 49. |
|
|
| 50. |
|
|
