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| 3. |
- Majdi, Saman, et al.
(författare)
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High Performance Temperature Sensors using SC-CVD Diamond Schottky Diodes
- 2012
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The synthesis of new materials for thermal IR detection has been an intensive research area during the recent years. Among the new materials, diamond has the ability to function under high temperature, high power, and high radiation conditions, which enables large performance enhancements to a wide variety of systems and applications, e.g. electric vehicles, space exploration and nuclear energy reactors. In this study, diamond Schottky diodes (with boron concentrations in the range 1×1015 - 3×1016 cm-3) are presented as candidates for IR sensors with an excellent temperature coefficient of resistance (-16 %/K) and noise levels around 1.8×10-14 (V2/Hz).
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| 5. |
- Rashid, S. J., et al.
(författare)
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Numerical Parameterization of Chemical-Vapor-Deposited (CVD) Single-Crystal Diamond for Device Simulation and Analysis
- 2008
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices. - 0018-9383 .- 1557-9646. ; 55:10, s. 2744-2756
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-quality electronic-grade intrinsic chemical-vapor-deposited (CVD) single-crystal diamond layers having exceptionally high carrier mobilities have been reported by Isberg et al. This makes the realization of novel electronic devices in diamond, particularly for high-voltage and high-temperature applications, a viable proposition. As such, material models which can capture the particular features of diamond as a semiconductor are required to analyze, optimize, and quantitatively design new devices. For example, the incomplete ionization of boron in diamond and the transition to metallic conduction in heavily boron-doped layers require accurate carrier freeze-out models to be included in the simulation of diamond devices. Models describing these phenomena are proposed in this paper and include numerical approximation of intrinsic diamond which is necessary to formulate doping- and temperature-dependent mobility models. They enable a concise numerical description of single-crystal diamond which agrees with data obtained from material characterization. The models are verified by application to new Schottky m-i-p(+) diode structures in diamond. Simulated forward characteristics show excellent correlation with experimental measurements. In spite of the lack of impact ionization data for single-crystal diamond, approximation of avalanche coefficient parameters from other wide-bandgap semiconductors has also enabled the reverse blocking characteristics of diamond diodes to be simulated. Acceptable agreement with breakdown voltage from experimental devices made with presently available single-crystal CVD diamond is obtained.
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| 7. |
- Balmer, John M. T., et al.
(författare)
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Monarchical Perspectives on Corporate Brand Management
- 2005
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We report the insights gained from a major international landmark study into Monarchies as Corporate Brands. We were granted privileged and unprecedented access to Their Majesties the King and Queen of Sweden, to members of the Royal Family and to Senior Officials of the Royal Household of Sweden. Our study, drawing on field research and drawing on the extensive literature on monarchy, resulted in identifying nine elements, relevant to managing a corporate brand. We call this ‘The Corporate Brand Management Protocol.’ The protocol requires orchestrating nine elements, which we identify as responsibility, identity, affinity, philosophy, activity, community, consistency, sensitivity, and connectivity. A key affirmation from our study is the necessity for on-going guardianship of corporate brands: we label this duty ‘Corporate Brand Custodianship. For monarchies this resides with Sovereigns and their Royal Courts and, in business contexts, this falls to the CEO and to Senior Management. They are the ultimate defenders of the corporate brand.
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| 8. |
- Balmer, John M. T., et al.
(författare)
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Monarchies as corporate brands
- 2004
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper explores monarchies through a corporate branding lens. It is based on extensive field interviewing of individuals with knowledge and experience in what we (not they) term “managing the Crown as a brand,” including senior members of the Swedish Royal Court and the Swedish Royal Family. It also draws from literature regarding monarchies across a range of disciplines beyond management; we found no previous brand-related literature on the topic. The principal questions we examined were:• What makes the Crown (monarchy) a brand (especially one similar to a corporate brand)?• How has the positioning of the monarch and monarchy (the Crown) evolved over time in terms of relationships with the nation and the people?• What are the essential attributes of the Crown as a brand—what we term the “royal 5R’s”?• What are the core values and the brand promise of a monarchy, its covenant with its people?• What roles can communications play in supporting/defending the Crown?• How are concepts from branding employed to build and protect the Crown?• How does and should a monarchy judge “How are we doing?”• What can threaten a monarchy as a brand?• What conclusions emerge from the above regarding understanding and managing monarchies as brands?Our conclusion is that the monarchy, as a institution, is very much like a corporate brand, including amenability to being managed in a manner analogous to that for a corporate brand, especially one with a heritage. Among the twelve other key conclusions are:• A monarchy’s strength rests significantly in its symbolic nature and its use of symbols.• The monarchy as an entity transcends the reigning monarch as a “brandrooted institution.”• A constitutional monarchy depends upon its people’s and parliament’s approval and willingness to support it. These are the primary criteria for assessing the performance of individual monarchies.• The Crown can be threatened by reputational trouble leading to erosion of public approval and support for the institution, as is the case for corporate and nonprofit brands.• Managing a modern monarchy’s “brand image” requires balancing responsiveness to high media interest and the need to maintain respect and relevance in a time when the public seeks a less remote monarchy.• “Managed visibility” on behalf of the Crown is done without traditional corporate advertising and public relations; however, proactive management of its identity and image can reduce the risk of reputational erosion.• There is a key difference between branding on behalf of monarchies compared to companies. Companies try to employ branding concepts to leverage their brands in order to improve their financial balance sheets and shareholder value. In contrast, we think a monarchy typically can be seen as trying to employ them to enhance the country’s social balance sheet and core values.
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| 9. |
- Balmer, John M T, et al.
(författare)
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The Crown as a corporate brand: Insights from Monarchies
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Brand Management. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1479-1803 .- 1350-231X. ; 14:1, s. 137-161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction In an age when brands have seized the imagination of so many, the corporate landscape has become a brandscape. Recently, corporate branding has emerged as an important agenda item for many senior executives. Brands are viewed as a significant corporate asset. The corporate brand is viewed as an important profile builder for corporations. It is seen as an invaluable tool for attracting key constituencies such as customers and employees. It can imbue a corporation with a distinctiveness that is not readily replicated. Financially, it can be one of an organization’s most coveted and cherished assets. For customers, it serves as a guarantee of expectations, much like an informal contract. In short, a corporate brand often is invested with the Midas touch and this explains why corporate brands enthrall companies and customers alike. In a world saturated with products and messages, brands represent an important navigational tool for stakeholders. This is particularly the case in crowded categories where the cacophony of communication means that corporate (and product/service) messages are often unheard. As such, corporate brands give voice to an organization’s key values and enable the organization behind the brand to cut through the communications hubbub that characterizes much of today’s corporate world. Longevity is sometimes cited as a key attribute of corporate brands. Consider global brands such as Coca Cola, Ford, Reuters, and Nokia. These are corporate brands that have held strong positions in their markets for decades. Some corporate brands have older pedigrees, of course, such as the Wells Fargo and Hudson Bay companies in North America. In Europe, Rothschild’s (bankers), Stora Kopparberg (mining), and Cadbury (chocolates) provide other examples. However, these corporate brands are relative adolescents in another realm of brands, when one considers an institutional group that appears to have strong corporate brand characteristics—namely monarchies. Some monarchies have existed for over one thousand years, such as the Japanese and Swedish crowns. They are not corporations but in our view they are brand-like institutions in many ways. As a case in point, the Swedish Crown has, by any branding measure, impeccable credentials. Its brand loyalty (from its citizens) is approximately 70%, and has been at a high level for some considerable time. It has avoided many of the vicissitudes that have beset other monarchies in recent years. It is a brand that was not engulfed in the wave of “institutional regicide” that swept away most European monarchies in the aftermath of World War I. It is a brand that has accommodated and embraced change. It is a brand that still adds value and gives meaning to its key constituencies – an element that is for us a core tenet of branding. And it is a brand with considerable financial value in terms of benefits to the country’s businesses, tourism, and general public.
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| 10. |
- Balmer, R. S., et al.
(författare)
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Unlocking diamond's potential as an electronic material
- 2008
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Ingår i: Philosophical Transactions. Series A. - London : Royal Society of London. - 1364-503X .- 1471-2962. ; 366:1863, s. 251-265
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we review the suitability of diamond as a semiconductor material for high-performance electronic applications. The current status of the manufacture of synthetic diamond is reviewed and assessed. In particular, we consider the quality of intrinsic material now available and the challenges in making doped structures suitable for practical devices. Two practical applications are considered in detail. First, the development of high-voltage switches capable of switching voltages in excess of 10kV. Second, the development of diamond MESFETs for high-frequency and high-power applications. Here device data are reported showing a current density of more than 30mAmm -1 along with small-signal RF measurements demonstrating gigahertz operation. We conclude by considering the remaining challenges which will need to be overcome if commercially attractive diamond electronic devices are to be manufactured.
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| 12. |
- Bell, E., et al.
(författare)
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Biogeochemical cycling by a low-diversity microbial community in deep groundwater
- 2018
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Microbiology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-302X. ; 9:SEP
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Olkiluoto, an island on the south-west coast of Finland, will host a deep geological repository for the storage of spent nuclear fuel. Microbially induced corrosion from the generation of sulphide is therefore a concern as it could potentially compromise the longevity of the copper waste canisters. Groundwater at Olkiluoto is geochemically stratified with depth and elevated concentrations of sulphide are observed when sulphate-rich and methane-rich groundwaters mix. Particularly high sulphide is observed in methane-rich groundwater from a fracture at 530.6 mbsl, where mixing with sulphate-rich groundwater occurred as the result of an open drill hole connecting two different fractures at different depths. To determine the electron donors fuelling sulphidogenesis, we combined geochemical, isotopic, metagenomic and metaproteomic analyses. This revealed a low diversity microbial community fuelled by hydrogen and organic carbon. Sulphur and carbon isotopes of sulphate and dissolved inorganic carbon, respectively, confirmed that sulphate reduction was ongoing and that CO2 came from the degradation of organic matter. The results demonstrate the impact of introducing sulphate to a methane-rich groundwater with limited electron acceptors and provide insight into extant metabolisms in the terrestrial subsurface.
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| 13. |
- Erlendsson, Lýður S, et al.
(författare)
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Barley as a green factory for the production of functional Flt3 ligand
- 2009
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Ingår i: Biotechnology Journal. - Weinheim : Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. - 1860-7314 .- 1860-6768. ; 5:2, s. 163-171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biologically active recombinant human Flt3 ligand was expressed and isolated from transgenic barley seeds. Its expression is controlled by a tissue specific promoter that confines accumulation of the recombinant protein to the endosperm tissue of the seed. The recombinant Flt3 ligand variant expressed in the seeds contains an HQ-tag for affinity purification on immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) resin. The tagged protein was purified from seed extracts to near homogeneity using sequential chromatography on IMAC affinity resin and cation exchange resin. We also show that the recombinant Flt3 ligand protein undergoes posttranslational modifications: it is a glycoprotein containing alpha-1,3-fucose and alpha-1,2-xylose. The HQ-tagged Flt3 ligand variant exhibits comparable biological activity to commercial Flt3 ligand. This is the first report showing expression and accumulation of recombinant human growth factor in barley seeds with a yield of active protein similar to a bacterial expression system. The present results demonstrate that plant molecular farming is a viable approach for the bioproduction of human-derived growth factors.
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| 14. |
- Greyser, Stephen A., et al.
(författare)
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The monarchy as a corporate brand - Some corporate communications dimensions
- 2006
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Ingår i: European Journal of Marketing. - : Emerald. - 0309-0566. ; 40:7-8, s. 902-908
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of corporate communications on behalf of the monarchy as a corporate brand. Design/methodology/approach - Draws on the preliminary findings of a major study on monarchies. Findings - Argues that corporate communications is an important aspect of corporate brand management (especially in relation to constitutional monarchies). Research implications - That monarchies are analogous to organisational brands and are amenable to being managed as such. Originality/value - Draws on a unique study relating to monarchies as corporate brands.
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| 15. |
- Soultan, Alaaeldin, et al.
(författare)
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The future distribution of wetland birds breeding in Europe validated against observed changes in distribution
- 2022
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Ingår i: Environmental Research Letters. - : IOP Publishing. - 1748-9318 .- 1748-9326. ; 17:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wetland bird species have been declining in population size worldwide as climate warming and land-use change affect their suitable habitats. We used species distribution models (SDMs) to predict changes in range dynamics for 64 non-passerine wetland birds breeding in Europe, including range size, position of centroid, and margins. We fitted the SDMs with data collected for the first European Breeding Bird Atlas and climate and land-use data to predict distributional changes over a century (the 1970s-2070s). The predicted annual changes were then compared to observed annual changes in range size and range centroid over a time period of 30 years using data from the second European Breeding Bird Atlas. Our models successfully predicted ca. 75% of the 64 bird species to contract their breeding range in the future, while the remaining species (mostly southerly breeding species) were predicted to expand their breeding ranges northward. The northern margins of southerly species and southern margins of northerly species, both, predicted to shift northward. Predicted changes in range size and shifts in range centroids were broadly positively associated with the observed changes, although some species deviated markedly from the predictions. The predicted average shift in core distributions was ca. 5 km yr-1 towards the north (5% northeast, 45% north, and 40% northwest), compared to a slower observed average shift of ca. 3.9 km yr-1. Predicted changes in range centroids were generally larger than observed changes, which suggests that bird distribution changes may lag behind environmental changes leading to 'climate debt'. We suggest that predictions of SDMs should be viewed as qualitative rather than quantitative outcomes, indicating that care should be taken concerning single species. Still, our results highlight the urgent need for management actions such as wetland creation and restoration to improve wetland birds' resilience to the expected environmental changes in the future.
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| 16. |
- Urde, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Corporate brands with a heritage
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Brand Management. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1479-1803 .- 1350-231X. ; 15:1, s. 4-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ABSTRACT This article articulates a concept of “heritage brands,” based primarily on field case research and studies of practice. We define brand heritage as a dimension of a brand’s identity found in its track record, longevity, core values, use of symbols, and particularly in an organisational belief that its history is important. A heritage brand is one with a positioning and value proposition based on its heritage. The work grew from our lengthy study of Monarchies as corporate brands. We describe how to identify the heritage that may reside in a brand and how to nurture, maintain, and protect it, particularly through the management mindset of brand stewardship to generate stronger corporate marketing.
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