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- Bance, Manohar, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of tensor tympani muscle contraction on the middle ear and markers of a contracted muscle.
- 2013
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Ingår i: The Laryngoscope. - : Wiley. - 1531-4995 .- 0023-852X. ; 123:4, s. 1021-1027
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Many otologic disorders have been attributed to dysfunction of the tensor tympani muscle, including tinnitus, otalgia, Meniere's disease and sensorineural hearing loss. The objective of this study was to determine adequate stimuli for tensor tympani contraction in humans and determine markers of the hypercontracted state that could be used to detect this process in otologic disease. STUDY DESIGN: Multiple types of studies. METHODS: Studies included 1) measuring middle ear impedance changes in response to orbital puffs of air, facial stroking, and self-vocalization; 2) measuring changes in stapes and eardrum vibrations and middle ear acoustic impedance in response to force loading of the tensor tympani in fresh human cadaveric temporal bones; 3) measuring changes in acoustic impedance in two subjects who could voluntarily contract their tensor tympani, and performing an audiogram with the muscle contracted in one of these subjects; and 4) developing a lumped parameter computer model of the middle ear while simulating various levels of tensor tympani contraction. RESULTS: Orbital jets of air are the most effective stimuli for eliciting tensor tympani contraction. As markers for tensor tympani contraction, all investigations indicate that tensor tympani hypercontraction should result in a low-frequency hearing loss, predominantly conductive, with a decrease in middle ear compliance. CONCLUSIONS: These markers should be searched for in otologic pathology states where the tensor tympani is suspected of being hypercontracted.
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| 3. |
- Maier, Hannes, et al.
(författare)
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Consensus Statement on Bone Conduction Devices and Active Middle Ear Implants in Conductive and Mixed Hearing Loss
- 2022
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Ingår i: Otology and Neurotology. - : Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins. - 1531-7129 .- 1537-4505. ; 43:5, s. 513-529
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nowadays, several options are available to treat patients with conductive or mixed hearing loss. Whenever surgical intervention is not possible or contra-indicated, and amplification by a conventional hearing device (e.g., behind-the-ear device) is not feasible, then implantable hearing devices are an indispensable next option. Implantable bone-conduction devices and middle-ear implants have advantages but also limitations concerning complexity/invasiveness of the surgery, medical complications, and effectiveness. To counsel the patient, the clinician should have a good overview of the options with regard to safety and reliability as well as unequivocal technical performance data. The present consensus document is the outcome of an extensive iterative process including ENT specialists, audiologists, health-policy scientists, and representatives/technicians of the main companies in this field. This document should provide a first framework for procedures and technical characterization to enhance effective communication between these stakeholders, improving health care.
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- Majdalawieh, Osama F, et al.
(författare)
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Linearity and Lever Ratio of the Normal and Reconstructed Cadaveric Human Middle Ear
- 2008
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Ingår i: Otology & Neurotology. - 1531-7129. ; 29:6, s. 796-802
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hypothesis: The linearity and the level ratio are different in reconstructed ears. Background: The linearity of the reconstructed human middle ear (ME) has not been previously explored. It is important to analyze if high sound pressure levels (SPLs) result in distortion due to nonlinearities particularly because hearing aids have high-output SPLs. The diseased ME is reconstructed with prostheses. These diseased ears frequently need additional amplification with hearing aids, and it is unclear if reconstruction itself leads to nonlinear ME responses. Methods: Eight fresh human cadaveric temporal bones were used. Pure tones of 70, 90, and 110 dB SPL at 500, 1,000, and 3,000 Hz were presented to the ear canal. Umbo and stapes displacements were measured by means of a laser Doppler vibrometer. After removing the incus, the tympanic membrane assembly to the stapes head prosthesis was placed, and measurements were repeated. Results: Stapes footplate vibrations in the reconstructed ears are 10 to 15 dB lower than those of the normal ears. In both normal and reconstructed ears, the footplate vibrations are linearly related to SPL at the tympanic membrane between 70 and 110 dB SPL at the frequencies tested. For the lever ratio, intact ears are more efficient at transmission of umbo vibrations to the stapes compared with reconstructed ears. Conclusion: To within acceptable limits, the ME seems to be linear between 70 and 110 dB SPL input levels, across the speech frequencies, and this does not change with reconstruction. The reconstructed human ME seems to have a less efficient lever ratio than the intact ME.
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| 5. |
- Morris, David P, et al.
(författare)
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Cochlear implantation in Cockayne syndrome: our experience of two cases with different outcomes.
- 2007
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Ingår i: The Laryngoscope. - 0023-852X. ; 117:5, s. 939-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cockayne syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive defect in DNA repair resulting in a classic facies with potential visual and auditory impairment. The hearing loss begins peripherally and may become central as the condition progresses. Coexisting sensory deprivation from visual impairment and the possibility of progressive deterioration in mental function conspire with a lack of published experience to produce many challenges for the cochlear implant team. To the best of our knowledge, we present the first case reports with documented follow-up of cochlear implantation in two patients with different manifestations of Cockayne syndrome.
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