| 1. |
- Jung, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of very old patients admitted to intensive care unit after acute versus elective surgery or intervention
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of critical care. - : W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC. - 0883-9441 .- 1557-8615. ; 52, s. 141-148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: We aimed to evaluate differences in outcome between patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) after elective versus acute surgery in a multinational cohort of very old patients (80 years; VIP). Predictors of mortality, with special emphasis on frailty, were assessed.Methods: In total, 5063 VIPs were induded in this analysis, 922 were admitted after elective surgery or intervention, 4141 acutely, with 402 after acute surgery. Differences were calculated using Mann-Whitney-U test and Wilcoxon test. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression were used to assess associations with mortality.Results: Compared patients admitted after acute surgery, patients admitted after elective surgery suffered less often from frailty as defined as CFS (28% vs 46%; p < 0.001), evidenced lower SOFA scores (4 +/- 5 vs 7 +/- 7; p < 0.001). Presence of frailty (CFS >4) was associated with significantly increased mortality both in elective surgery patients (7% vs 12%; p = 0.01), in acute surgery (7% vs 12%; p = 0.02).Conclusions: VIPs admitted to ICU after elective surgery evidenced favorable outcome over patients after acute surgery even after correction for relevant confounders. Frailty might be used to guide clinicians in risk stratification in both patients admitted after elective and acute surgery.
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| 2. |
- Eriksson, Carl, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical effectiveness of golimumab in ulcerative colitis : a prospective multicentre study based on the Swedish IBD Quality Register, SWIBREG
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 56:11, s. 1304-1311
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Clinical trials demonstrated that golimumab is effective in anti-TNF naïve patients with ulcerative colitis. We aimed to assess the clinical effectiveness of golimumab in a real-world setting. Materials and methods: This was a prospective cohort study, conducted at 16 Swedish hospitals. Data were collected using an electronic case report form. Patients with active ulcerative colitis, defined as Mayo endoscopic subscore ≥2 were eligible for inclusion. The primary outcomes were clinical effectiveness at 12 weeks and 52 weeks, i.e. response (defined as a decrease in Mayo score by ≥3 points or 30% from baseline) and remission (defined as a Mayo score of ≤2 with no individual subscores >1). Results: Fifty patients were included. At study entry, 70% were previously exposed to anti-TNF, 16% to vedolizumab, and 96% to immunomodulators. The 12 and 52-week drug continuation rates were 37/50 (74%) and 23/50 (46%), respectively. The 12-week response rate was 14/50 (28%), the remission rate, 8/50 (16%) and the corresponding figures at week 52 were 13/50 (26%) and 10/50 (20%). Among patients who continued golimumab, the median Mayo score decreased from 7 (6–9) at baseline to 1 (0–5) at 52 weeks (p <.01) and the faecal calprotectin decreased from 862 (335–1759) µg/g to 90 (34–169) µg/g (p <.01). Clinical response at week 12 was highly predictive of clinical remission at week 52 (adjusted OR: 73.1; 95% CI: 4.5‒1188.9). Conclusions: The majority of golimumab treated patients represented a treatment refractory patient-group. Despite this, our results confirm that golimumab is an effective therapy in ulcerative colitis.
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| 3. |
- Fällman, Monika Carina, 1968-
(författare)
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Turbulence measurements in fiber suspension flows : experimental methods and results
- 2009
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Turbulent mixing is present in many pulp and paper processes. It is a particularly important factor in the design and improvements of the paper machine headbox, influencing the final paper structure. During this project, experimental methods to quantify the effect of fibers on turbulent suspension flows have been developed, and then used for studying turbulent mixing in fiber suspensions. A technique that uses microprobes to measure passive scalar mixing of salt for the characterization of turbulent fluctuations in a fiber suspension flow has been developed: Conductivity micro-probes have been built and turbulence measurements have been performed in simple jet and wake flows, studying turbulent mixing between the two streams of pulp suspension, of which one has been doped with salt. A relatively new technique to measure fluid velocity non-intrusively in opaque fluids has also been tested. The technique makes use of ultrasonic pulses to obtain velocity information through the Doppler-shift of reflected pulses. The main efforts reported on in the thesis are focused on method design and development as well as method evaluation.
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| 4. |
- Orlovska, Julia, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Design and implementation of driver coach application for pilot assist: A first validation study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives. - 2590-1982. ; 25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article discusses the importance of driver understanding and trust in Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS) and proposes a framework for a personalized driver coaching system called Driver Coach, focusing on the Volvo Pilot Assist (PA) function. Despite the widespread adoption of ADAS, research indicates that many drivers have limited comprehension of ADAS functionality and limitations. Moreover, feedback-related factors play a crucial role in determining drivers’ proper use of ADAS. The article emphasizes the need for appropriate, continual feedback to enhance driver interaction with ADAS. Traditional methods, such as user manuals or supervised test drives, have limitations in effectively conveying critical information and facilitating driver adaptation. To address these challenges, the proposed Driver Coach app provides personalized, real-time recommendations to drivers based on their individual needs and understanding of both the system and driving context. The app was tested in a field trial involving 17 drivers over a four-month period, and the results regarding the logic design verification and the impact of the Driver Coach app on PA usage are presented. The findings highlight the potential of personalized, context-aware coaching systems to improve driver understanding and usage of ADAS.
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| 5. |
- Pettersson, Jonas, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Using scenario-based training to promote information literacy among on-call consultant pediatricians.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of the Medical Library Association. - : University Library System, University of Pittsburgh. - 1536-5050 .- 1558-9439. ; 105:3, s. 262-267
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Traditionally, teaching hospital staff to search for medical information relies heavily on educator-defined search methods. In contrast, the authors describe our experiences using real-time scenarios to teach on-call consultant pediatricians information literacy skills as part of a two-year continuing professional development program.CASE PRESENTATION: Two information-searching workshops were held at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Gothenburg, Sweden. During the workshops, pediatricians were presented with medical scenarios that were closely related to their clinical practice. Participants were initially encouraged to solve the problems using their own preferred search methods, followed by group discussions led by clinical educators and a medical librarian in which search problems were identified and overcome. The workshops were evaluated using questionnaires to assess participant satisfaction and the extent to which participants intended to implement changes in their clinical practice and reported actual change.CONCLUSIONS: A scenario-based approach to teaching clinicians how to search for medical information is an attractive alternative to traditional lectures. The relevance of such an approach was supported by a high level of participant engagement during the workshops and high scores for participant satisfaction, intended changes to clinical practice, and reported benefits in actual clinical practice.
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| 6. |
- Wengström, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Flodpärlmusslans status i Västra Götalands län : En inventering av åtta av länets vattendrag 2021
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Som en del i Länsstyrelsens miljöövervakningsprogram genomfördes 2021 inventeringar av flodpärlmusslor (Margaritifera margaritifera) i åtta vattendrag i Västra Götalands län. Resultaten ger nödvändigt underlag för att bedöma musslans status och är stöd till bland annat naturvårdsinsatser. Resultaten är även ett viktigt underlag för uppföljningen av miljömålen Levande sjöar och vattendrag samt Ett rikt växt- och djurliv.Under 2021 har inventering av flodpärlmussla genomförts i Lindåsabäcken, Lärjeån, Kolarebäcken, Nordån, Slereboån, Stommebäcken, Sörån och Teåkersälven. Syftet med inventeringarna har varit att undersöka statusen på de olika populationerna och att jämföra detta med tidigare inventeringar.Inventeringar och rapport har utförts av EnviroPlanning AB och Sportfiskarna på uppdrag av Länsstyrelsen i Västra Götalands län och de tackas för sina insatser. De ansvarar för rapportens innehåll och rapporten behöver därmed inte representera Länsstyrelsens ståndpunkt.
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