| 1. |
- Bravo, L, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
- Tabiri, S, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 3. |
- Khatri, C, et al.
(författare)
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Outcomes after perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with proximal femoral fractures: an international cohort study
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMJ open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 11:11, s. e050830-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies have demonstrated high rates of mortality in people with proximal femoral fracture and SARS-CoV-2, but there is limited published data on the factors that influence mortality for clinicians to make informed treatment decisions. This study aims to report the 30-day mortality associated with perioperative infection of patients undergoing surgery for proximal femoral fractures and to examine the factors that influence mortality in a multivariate analysis.SettingProspective, international, multicentre, observational cohort study.ParticipantsPatients undergoing any operation for a proximal femoral fracture from 1 February to 30 April 2020 and with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection (either 7 days prior or 30-day postoperative).Primary outcome30-day mortality. Multivariate modelling was performed to identify factors associated with 30-day mortality.ResultsThis study reports included 1063 patients from 174 hospitals in 19 countries. Overall 30-day mortality was 29.4% (313/1063). In an adjusted model, 30-day mortality was associated with male gender (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.68 to 3.13, p<0.001), age >80 years (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.31, p=0.013), preoperative diagnosis of dementia (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.16, p=0.005), kidney disease (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.55, p=0.005) and congestive heart failure (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.48, p=0.025). Mortality at 30 days was lower in patients with a preoperative diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.6 (0.42 to 0.85), p=0.004). There was no difference in mortality in patients with an increase to delay in surgery (p=0.220) or type of anaesthetic given (p=0.787).ConclusionsPatients undergoing surgery for a proximal femoral fracture with a perioperative infection of SARS-CoV-2 have a high rate of mortality. This study would support the need for providing these patients with individualised medical and anaesthetic care, including medical optimisation before theatre. Careful preoperative counselling is needed for those with a proximal femoral fracture and SARS-CoV-2, especially those in the highest risk groups.Trial registration numberNCT04323644
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Abdellaoui, G., et al.
(författare)
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First observations of speed of light tracks by a fluorescence detector looking down on the atmosphere
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD. - 1748-0221. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- EUSO-Balloon is a pathfinder mission for the Extreme Universe Space Observatory onboard the Japanese Experiment Module (JEM-EUSO). It was launched on the moonless night of the 25(th) of August 2014 from Timmins, Canada. The flight ended successfully after maintaining the target altitude of 38 km for five hours. One part of the mission was a 2.5 hour underflight using a helicopter equipped with three UV light sources (LED, xenon flasher and laser) to perform an inflight calibration and examine the detectors capability to measure tracks moving at the speed of light. We describe the helicopter laser system and details of the underflight as well as how the laser tracks were recorded and found in the data. These are the first recorded laser tracks measured from a fluorescence detector looking down on the atmosphere. Finally, we present a first reconstruction of the direction of the laser tracks relative to the detector.
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| 6. |
- Abdellaoui, G., et al.
(författare)
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Meteor studies in the framework of the JEM-EUSO program
- 2017
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Ingår i: Planetary and Space Science. - : Elsevier. - 0032-0633 .- 1873-5088. ; 143, s. 245-255
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We summarize the state of the art of a program of UV observations from space of meteor phenomena, a secondary objective of the JEM-EUSO international collaboration. Our preliminary analysis indicates that JEM-EUSO, taking advantage of its large FOV and good sensitivity, should be able to detect meteors down to absolute magnitude close to 7. This means that JEM-EUSO should be able to record a statistically significant flux of meteors, including both sporadic ones, and events produced by different meteor streams. Being unaffected by adverse weather conditions, JEM-EUSO can also be a very important facility for the detection of bright meteors and fireballs, as these events can be detected even in conditions of very high sky background. In the case of bright events, moreover, exhibiting some persistence of the meteor train, preliminary simulations show that it should be possible to exploit the motion of the ISS itself and derive at least a rough 3D reconstruction of the meteor trajectory. Moreover, the observing strategy developed to detect meteors may also be applied to the detection of nuclearites, exotic particles whose existence has been suggested by some theoretical investigations. Nuclearites are expected to move at higher velocities than meteoroids, and to exhibit a wider range of possible trajectories, including particles moving upward after crossing the Earth. Some pilot studies, including the approved Mini-EUSO mission, a precursor of JEM-EUSO, are currently operational or in preparation. We are doing simulations to assess the performance of Mini-EUSO for meteor studies, while a few meteor events have been already detected using the ground-based facility EUSO-TA.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Escott-Price, Valentina, et al.
(författare)
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Gene-Wide Analysis Detects Two New Susceptibility Genes for Alzheimer's Disease
- 2014
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:6, s. e94661-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Alzheimer's disease is a common debilitating dementia with known heritability, for which 20 late onset susceptibility loci have been identified, but more remain to be discovered. This study sought to identify new susceptibility genes, using an alternative gene-wide analytical approach which tests for patterns of association within genes, in the powerful genome-wide association dataset of the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project Consortium, comprising over 7 m genotypes from 25,580 Alzheimer's cases and 48,466 controls. Principal Findings: In addition to earlier reported genes, we detected genome-wide significant loci on chromosomes 8 (TP53INP1, p = 1.4x10(-6)) and 14 (IGHV1-67 p = 7.9x10(-8)) which indexed novel susceptibility loci. Significance: The additional genes identified in this study, have an array of functions previously implicated in Alzheimer's disease, including aspects of energy metabolism, protein degradation and the immune system and add further weight to these pathways as potential therapeutic targets in Alzheimer's disease.
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| 12. |
- Graafsma, Heinz, et al.
(författare)
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PERCIVAL soft X-ray imager
- 2013
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Ingår i: IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record. - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781479905348 ; , s. Art. no. 6829506-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our goal is to provide the scientific community with a large (10cm × 10cm) pixellated detector featuring a large dynamic range (1-105 photons), good spatial resolution (27μm), good Quantum Efficiency (QE) in the low energy range (250eV-1keV), variable readout speed (up to 120 frames/s), i.e. with characteristics compatible with user needs at today's of low-energy Free Electron Lasers (FEL) and synchrotron sources. © 2013 IEEE.
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| 13. |
- Jones, Lesley, et al.
(författare)
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Convergent genetic and expression data implicate immunity in Alzheimer's disease
- 2015
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 11:6, s. 658-671
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) is heritable with 20 genes showing genome-wide association in the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project (IGAP). To identify the biology underlying the disease, we extended these genetic data in a pathway analysis. Methods: The ALIGATOR and GSEA algorithms were used in the IGAP data to identify associated functional pathways and correlated gene expression networks in human brain. Results: ALIGATOR identified an excess of curated biological pathways showing enrichment of association. Enriched areas of biology included the immune response (P = 3.27 X 10(-12) after multiple testing correction for pathways), regulation of endocytosis (P = 1.31 X 10(-11)), cholesterol transport (P = 2.96 X 10(-9)), and proteasome-ubiquitin activity (P = 1.34 X 10(-6)). Correlated gene expression analysis identified four significant network modules, all related to the immune response (corrected P = .002-.05). Conclusions: The immime response, regulation of endocytosis, cholesterol transport, and protein ubiquitination represent prime targets for AD therapeutics.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Wunderer, C. B., et al.
(författare)
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Detector developments at DESY
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation. - 0909-0495 .- 1600-5775. ; 23, s. 111-117
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the increased brilliance of state-of-the-art synchrotron radiation sources and the advent of free-electron lasers (FELs) enabling revolutionary science with EUV to X-ray photons comes an urgent need for suitable photon imaging detectors. Requirements include high frame rates, very large dynamic range, single-photon sensitivity with low probability of false positives and (multi)-megapixels. At DESY, one ongoing development project-in collaboration with RAL/STFC, Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Diamond, and Pohang Accelerator Laboratory-is the CMOS-based soft X-ray imager PERCIVAL. PERCIVAL is a monolithic active-pixel sensor back-thinned to access its primary energy range of 250 eV to 1 keV with target efficiencies above 90%. According to preliminary specifications, the roughly 10 cm × 10 cm, 3.5k × 3.7k monolithic sensor will operate at frame rates up to 120 Hz (commensurate with most FELs) and use multiple gains within 27 μm pixels to measure 1 to ∼ 100000 (500 eV) simultaneously arriving photons. DESY is also leading the development of the AGIPD, a high-speed detector based on hybrid pixel technology intended for use at the European XFEL. This system is being developed in collaboration with PSI, University of Hamburg, and University of Bonn. The AGIPD allows singlepulse imaging at 4.5 MHz frame rate into a 352-frame buffer, with a dynamic range allowing single-photon detection and detection of more than 10000 photons at 12.4 keV in the same image. Modules of 65k pixels each are configured to make up (multi)megapixel cameras. This review describes the AGIPD and the PERCIVAL concepts and systems, including some recent results and a summary of their current status. It also gives a short overview over other FEL-relevant developments where the Photon Science Detector Group at DESY is involved. © 2016 International Union of Crystallography.
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| 18. |
- Arneth, A., et al.
(författare)
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Historical carbon dioxide emissions caused by land-use changes are possibly larger than assumed
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nature Geoscience. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1752-0894 .- 1752-0908. ; 10:2, s. 79-84
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The terrestrial biosphere absorbs about 20% of fossil-fuel CO 2 emissions. The overall magnitude of this sink is constrained by the difference between emissions, the rate of increase in atmospheric CO 2 concentrations, and the ocean sink. However, the land sink is actually composed of two largely counteracting fluxes that are poorly quantified: fluxes from land-use change and CO 2 uptake by terrestrial ecosystems. Dynamic global vegetation model simulations suggest that CO 2 emissions from land-use change have been substantially underestimated because processes such as tree harvesting and land clearing from shifting cultivation have not been considered. As the overall terrestrial sink is constrained, a larger net flux as a result of land-use change implies that terrestrial uptake of CO 2 is also larger, and that terrestrial ecosystems might have greater potential to sequester carbon in the future. Consequently, reforestation projects and efforts to avoid further deforestation could represent important mitigation pathways, with co-benefits for biodiversity. It is unclear whether a larger land carbon sink can be reconciled with our current understanding of terrestrial carbon cycling. Our possible underestimation of the historical residual terrestrial carbon sink adds further uncertainty to our capacity to predict the future of terrestrial carbon uptake and losses.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Li, Shunyi, et al.
(författare)
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Intrinsic energy band alignment of functional oxides
- 2014
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Ingår i: Physica Status Solidi - Rapid Research Letetrs. - : Wiley. - 1862-6254 .- 1862-6270. ; 8:6, s. 571-576
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The energy band alignment at interfaces between different materials is a key factor, which determines the function of electronic devices. While the energy band alignment of conventional semiconductors is quite well understood, systematic experimental studies on oxides are still missing. This work presents an extensive study on the intrinsic energy band alignment of a wide range of functional oxides using photoelectron spectroscopy with in-situ sample preparation. The studied materials have particular technological importance in diverse fields as solar cells, piezotronics, multiferroics, photoelectrochemistry and oxide electronics. Particular efforts have been made to verify the validity of transitivity, in order to confirm the intrinsic nature of the obtained band alignment and to understand the underlying principles. Valence band offsets up to 1.6 eV are observed. The large variation of valence band maximum energy can be explained by the different orbital contributions to the density of states in the valence band. The framework provided by this work enables the general understanding and prediction of energy band alignment at oxide interfaces, and furthermore the tailoring of energy level matching for charge transfer in functional oxides. (C) 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
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| 21. |
- Marras, A., et al.
(författare)
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Experimental characterization of the PERCIVAL soft X-ray detector
- 2016
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Ingår i: 2015 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference, NSS/MIC 2015. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9781467398626
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Considerable interest has been manifested for the use of high-brilliance X-ray synchrotron sources and X-ray Free-Electron Lasers for the investigation of samples.
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| 22. |
- Pontarollo, G., et al.
(författare)
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Commensal bacteria weaken the intestinal barrier by suppressing epithelial neuropilin-1 and Hedgehog signaling
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Metabolism. - 2522-5812. ; 5:7, s. 1174-87
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The gut microbiota influences intestinal barrier integrity through mechanisms that are incompletely understood. Here we show that the commensal microbiota weakens the intestinal barrier by suppressing epithelial neuropilin-1 (NRP1) and Hedgehog (Hh) signaling. Microbial colonization of germ-free mice dampens signaling of the intestinal Hh pathway through epithelial Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2, resulting in decreased epithelial NRP1 protein levels. Following activation via TLR2/TLR6, epithelial NRP1, a positive-feedback regulator of Hh signaling, is lysosomally degraded. Conversely, elevated epithelial NRP1 levels in germ-free mice are associated with a strengthened gut barrier. Functionally, intestinal epithelial cell-specific Nrp1 deficiency (Nrp1(& UDelta;IEC)) results in decreased Hh pathway activity and a weakened gut barrier. In addition, Nrp1(& UDelta;IEC) mice have a reduced density of capillary networks in their small intestinal villus structures. Collectively, our results reveal a role for the commensal microbiota and epithelial NRP1 signaling in the regulation of intestinal barrier function through postnatal control of Hh signaling. A molecular mechanism is revealed through which commensal bacteria modulate intestinal epithelial barrier function.
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| 23. |
- Viti, M., et al.
(författare)
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Spatial resolution studies for the PERCIVAL sensor
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The PERCIVAL ("Pixelated Energy Resolving CMOS Imager, Versatile and Large") is a collaboration of DESY, RAL/STFC, ELETTRA, and DLS to develop a monolithic active pixel sensor (MAPS) to provide a suitable detector for photon science for the photon energy regime between 250 eV and 1 keV. An important performance parameter is the spatial resolution which can be inferred from the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF). The MTF measures in optical systems the relative contrast of a pattern in function of the spatial frequency. With a back-thinned and back- illuminated PERCIVAL prototype chip, dedicated MTF evaluation data were taken at Elettra's TwinMic Beamline in March 2014 at a photon energy of 535 eV. We will present our MTF derivation approaches together with MTF results for 3 pixel types of the irradiated test sensor.
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| 24. |
- Wunderer, C. B., et al.
(författare)
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The PERCIVAL soft X-ray imager
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 10:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the increased brilliance of state-of-the-art Synchrotron radiation sources and the advent of Free Electron Lasers enabling revolutionary science on atomic length and time scales with EUV to X-ray photons comes an urgent need for suitable photon imaging detectors. Requirements include high frame rates, very large dynamic range, single-photon counting capability with low probability of false positives, and (multi)-megapixels. PERCIVAL ("Pixelated Energy Resolving CMOS Imager, Versatile And Large") is currently being developed by a collaboration of DESY, RAL, Elettra, DLS and Pohang to address this need for the soft X-ray regime. PERCIVAL is a monolithic active pixel sensor (MAPS), i.e. based on CMOS technology. It will be back-thinned to access its primary energy range of 250 eV to 1 keV with target efficiencies above 90%. According to its preliminary specifications, the roughly 10 × 10 cm2, 3.5k × 3.7k monolithic "PERCIVAL13M" sensor will operate at frame rates up to 120 Hz (commensurate with most FELs) and use multiple gains within its 27 μm pixels to measure 1 to ∼ 105 (500 eV) simultaneously-arriving photons. A smaller "PERCIVAL2M" with ∼ 1.4k × 1.5k pixels is also planned. Currently, small-scale back-illuminated prototype systems (160 × 210 pixels of 25 μm pitch) are undergoing detailed testing with X-rays and optical photons. In March 2014, a prototype sensor was tested at 350 eV-2 keV at Elettra's TwinMic beamline. The data recorded include diffraction patterns at 350 eV and 400 eV, knife edge and sub-pixel pinhole illuminations, and comparisons of different pixel types. Another prototype chip will be submitted in fall 2014, first larger sensors could be in hand in late 2015.
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| 25. |
- Wunderer, C. B., et al.
(författare)
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The PERCIVAL soft X-ray imager
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 9:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the increased brilliance of state-of-the-art Synchrotron radiation sources and the advent of Free Electron Lasers enabling revolutionary science with EUV to X-ray photons comes an urgent need for suitable photon imaging detectors. Requirements include high frame rates, very large dynamic range, single-photon counting capability with low probability of false positives, and (multi)-megapixels. PERCIVAL (''Pixelated Energy Resolving CMOS Imager, Versatile and Large'') is currently being developed by a collaboration of DESY, RAL, Elettra and DLS to address this need for the soft X-ray regime. PERCIVAL is a monolithic active pixel sensor (MAPS), i.e. based on CMOS technology. It will be back-thinned to access its primary energy range of 250 eV to 1 keV with target efficiencies above 90%. According to its preliminary specifications, the roughly 10 × 10 cm2, 3520 × 3710 pixel monolithic sensor will operate at frame rates up to 120 Hz (commensurate with most FELs) and use multiple gains within its 27 μm pixels to measure (e.g. at 500 eV) 1 to ∼ 105 simultaneously-arriving photons. Currently, small-scale front-illuminated prototype systems (160 × 210 pixels) are undergoing detailed testing with visible-light as well as X-ray photons. © 2014 IOP Publishing Ltd and Sissa Medialab srl.
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| 26. |
- Andersen, Emil B., et al.
(författare)
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An easy to use GUI for simulating big data using Tennessee Eastman process
- 2022
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Ingår i: Quality and Reliability Engineering International. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0748-8017 .- 1099-1638. ; 38:1, s. 264-282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data-driven process monitoring and control techniques and their application to industrial chemical processes are gaining popularity due to the current focus on Industry 4.0, digitalization and the Internet of Things. However, for the development of such techniques, there are significant barriers that must be overcome in obtaining sufficiently large and reliable datasets. As a result, the use of real plant and process data in developing and testing data-driven process monitoring and control tools can be difficult without investing significant efforts in acquiring, treating, and interpreting the data. Therefore, researchers need a tool that effortlessly generates large amounts of realistic and reliable process data without the requirement for additional data treatment or interpretation. In this work, we propose a data generation platform based on the Tennessee Eastman Process simulation benchmark. A graphical user interface (GUI) developed in MATLAB Simulink is presented that enables users to generate massive amounts of data for testing applicability of big data concepts in the realm of process control for continuous time-dependent processes. An R-Shiny app that interacts with the data generation tool is also presented for illustration purposes. The app can visualize the results generated by the Tennessee Eastman Process and can carry out a standard fault detection and diagnosis studies based on PCA. The data generator GUI is available free of charge for research purposes at https://github.com/dtuprodana/TEP.
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| 27. |
- Andersen, Emil B., et al.
(författare)
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Big Data Generation for Time Dependent Processes : The Tennessee Eastman Process for Generating Large Quantities of Process Data
- 2020
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Ingår i: 30<sup>th</sup> European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering. - : Elsevier. ; , s. 1309-1314
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The concept of applying data-driven process monitoring and control techniques on industrial chemical processes is well established. With concepts such as Industry 4.0, Big Data and the Internet of Things receiving attention in industrial chemical production, there is a renewed focus on data-driven process monitoring and control in chemical production applications. However, there are significant barriers that must be overcome in obtaining sufficiently large and reliable plant and process data from industrial chemical processes for the development of data-driven process monitoring and control concepts, specifically in obtaining plant and process data that are required to develop and test data driven process monitoring and control tools without investing significant efforts in acquiring, treating and interpreting the data. In this manuscript a big data generation tool is presented that is based on the Tennessee Eastman Process (TEP) simulation benchmark, which has been specifically designed to generate massive amounts of process data without spending significant effort in setting up. The tool can be configured to carry out a large number of data generation runs both using a graphical user interface (GUI) and through a.CSV file. The output from the tool is a file containing process data for all runs as well as process faults (deviations) that have been activated. This tool enables users to generate massive amounts of data for testing applicability of big data concepts in the realm of process control for continuously operating time dependent processes. The tool is available for all researchers and other parties who are interested.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Behnke, B, et al.
(författare)
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Fluorescence imaging of frit effects in capillary separations
- 2000
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Ingår i: Electrophoresis. - 0173-0835. ; 21:15, s. 3102-3108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The gradient of five dansylated amino acids in a capillary-based separation system commonly used in capillary liquid chromatography (LC) or capillary electrochromatography (CEC) was followed and examined in detail using a detection method based on laser-induced fluorescence imaging. The detection system consisted of an XeCl excimer laser and an image-intensified charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. Fluorescence intensity profiles along the capillary column were displayed and continuously updated on a computer screen. The detector system enabled the separation dynamics in the column to be monitored. The experiments were focused on the course of events, especially at interfaces. The processes occurring at the beginning of the reversed-phase packing material were studied as well as at the transition from stationary phase to the outlet frit and the open tubular area. Striking differences in signal intensity and separation efficiency were revealed depending on where on the column detection was performed. Furthermore, adsorption of the analytes on the frits was observed.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Comadran, J., et al.
(författare)
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Natural variation in a homolog of Antirrhinum CENTRORADIALIS contributed to spring growth habit and environmental adaptation in cultivated barley
- 2012
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 44:12, s. 1388-1392
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As early farming spread from the Fertile Crescent in the Near East around 10,000 years before the present(1), domesticated crops encountered considerable ecological and environmental change. Spring-sown crops that flowered without the need for an extended period of cold to promote flowering and day length insensitive crops able to exploit the longer, cooler days of higher latitudes emerged and became established. To investigate the genetic consequences of adaptation to these new environments, we identified signatures of divergent selection in the highly differentiated modern-day spring and winter barleys. In one genetically divergent region, we identify a natural variant of the barley homolog of Antirrhinum CENTRORADIALIS(2) (HvCEN) as a contributor to successful environmental adaptation. The distribution of HvCEN alleles in a large collection of wild and landrace accessions indicates that this involved selection and enrichment of preexisting genetic variants rather than the acquisition of mutations after domestication.
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| 33. |
- Couto, Rafael Carvalho, et al.
(författare)
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Breaking inversion symmetry by protonation : Experimental and theoretical NEXAFS study of the diazynium ion, N2H
- 2021
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Ingår i: Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1463-9076 .- 1463-9084. ; 23:32, s. 17166-17176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As an example of symmetry breaking in NEXAFS spectra of protonated species we present a high resolution NEXAFS spectrum of protonated dinitrogen, the diazynium ion N2H+. By ab initio calculations we show that the spectrum consists of a superposition of two nitrogen 1s absorption spectra, each including a π∗ band, and a nitrogen 1s to H+ charge transfer band followed by a weak irregular progression of high energy excitations. Calculations also show that, as an effect of symmetry breaking by protonation, the π∗ transitions are separated by 0.23 eV, only slightly exceeding the difference in the corresponding dark (symmetry forbidden) and bright (symmetry allowed) core excitations of neutral N2. By DFT and calculations and vibrational analysis, the complex π∗ excitation band of N2H+ is understood as due to the superposition of the significantly different vibrational progressions of excitations from terminal and central nitrogen atoms, both leading to bent final state geometries. We also show computationally that the electronic structure of the charge transfer excitation smoothly depends on the nitrogen-proton distance and that there is a clear extension of the spectra going from infinity to close nitrogen-proton distance where fine structures show some, although not fully detailed, similarities. An interesting feature of partial localization of the nitrogen core orbitals, with a strong, non-monotonous, variation with nitrogen-proton distance could be highlighted. Specific effects could be unraveled when comparing molecular cation NEXAFS spectra, as represented by recently recorded spectra of N2+ and CO+, and spectra of protonated molecules as represented here by the N2H+ ion. Both types containing rich physical effects not represented in NEXAFS of neutral molecules because of the positive charge, whereas protonation also breaks the symmetry. The effect of the protonation on dinitrogen can be separated in charge, which extends the high-energy part of the spectrum, and symmetry-breaking, which is most clearly seen in the low-energy π∗ transition.
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| 34. |
- Dahmen, J., et al.
(författare)
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Osteochondral Lesions of the Tibial Plafond and Ankle Instability With Ankle Cartilage Lesions: Proceedings of the International Consensus Meeting on Cartilage Repair of the Ankle
- 2022
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Ingår i: Foot & Ankle International. - : SAGE Publications. - 1071-1007 .- 1944-7876. ; 43:3, s. 448-452
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: An international consensus group of experts was convened to collaboratively advance toward consensus opinions based on the best available evidence on key topics within cartilage repair of the ankle. The purpose of this article is to present the consensus statements on osteochondral lesions of the tibial plafond (OLTP) and on ankle instability with ankle cartilage lesions developed at the 2019 International Consensus Meeting on Cartilage Repair of the Ankle. Methods: Forty-three experts in cartilage repair of the ankle were convened and participated in a process based on the Delphi method of achieving consensus. Questions and statements were drafted within 4 working groups focusing on specific topics within cartilage repair of the ankle, after which a comprehensive literature review was performed and the available evidence for each statement was graded. Discussion and debate occurred in cases where statements were not agreed on in unanimous fashion within the working groups. A final vote was then held. Results: A total of 11 statements on OLTP reached consensus. Four achieved unanimous support and 7 reached strong consensus (greater than 75% agreement). A total of 8 statements on ankle instability with ankle cartilage lesions reached consensus during the 2019 International Consensus Meeting on Cartilage Repair of the Ankle. One achieved unanimous support, and seven reached strong consensus (greater than 75% agreement). Conclusions: These consensus statements may assist clinicians in the management of these difficult clinical pathologies.
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| 35. |
- Gopakumar, Geethanjali, 1992-, et al.
(författare)
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X-ray Induced Fragmentation of Protonated Cystine
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Protein structure determination using high-intensity X-ray sources induces damage in the protein. Disulfide bridges, formed between two cysteine amino acid residues stabilize the protein structure. Owing to the higher absorption cross-section of sulfur for X-ray photons, and a large number of electrons released from sulfur atoms, these disulfide bridges are hot spots for a higher level of noise in structural studies. But it is yet to be understood how exactly the damage occurs through the interaction of the disulfide bridges with photons. Here we study the fragmentation of protonated cystine in the gas phase, which is the dimer of cysteine, by irradiation with X-rays across the sulfur L-edge using an electrospray ionization source (ESI) in combination with an ion trap. This is complemented with the calculation of the sulfur NEXAFS spectrum on the level of Restricted Open-Shell Configuration Interaction (ROCIS) and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations for molecular orbital visualization as well as Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations for the fragmentation of triply charged cystine ions. We have deduced a possible pathway of fragmentation upon excitation and ionization of S 2p electrons by combining the experiments and simulations. The disulfide bridge breaks for resonant excitation at lower energies but remains intact upon higher energy resonant excitation and upon ionization of S 2p. The larger fragments formed subsequently break into smaller fragments.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Jacquemin, B., et al.
(författare)
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Annoyance due to air pollution in Europe
- 2007
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Ingår i: Int J Epidemiol. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0300-5771 .- 1464-3685. ; 36:4, s. 809-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Annoyance due to air pollution is a subjective score of air quality, which has been incorporated into the National Environmental monitoring of some countries. The objectives of this study are to describe the variations in annoyance due to air pollution in Europe and its individual and environmental determinants. METHODS: This study took place in the context of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey II (ECRHS II) that was conducted during 1999-2001. It included 25 centres in 12 countries and 7867 randomly selected adults from the general population. Annoyance due to air pollution was self-reported on an 11-point scale. Annual mean mass concentration of fine particles (PM(2.5)) and its sulphur (S) content were measured in 21 centres as a surrogate of urban air pollution. RESULTS: Forty-three per cent of participants reported moderate annoyance (1-5 on the scale) and 14% high annoyance (>/=6) with large differences across centres (2-40% of high annoyance). Participants in the Northern European countries reported less annoyance. Female gender, nocturnal dyspnoea, phlegm and rhinitis, self-reported car and heavy vehicle traffic in front of the home, high education, non-smoking and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke were associated with higher annoyance levels. At the centre level, adjusted means of annoyance scores were moderately associated with sulphur urban levels (slope 1.43 mug m(-3), standard error 0.40, r = 0.61). CONCLUSIONS: Annoyance due to air pollution is frequent in Europe. Individuals' annoyance may be a useful measure of perceived ambient quality and could be considered a complementary tool for health surveillance.
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| 38. |
- Levitis, E, et al.
(författare)
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Centering inclusivity in the design of online conferences-An OHBM-Open Science perspective
- 2021
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Ingår i: GigaScience. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2047-217X. ; 10:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As the global health crisis unfolded, many academic conferences moved online in 2020. This move has been hailed as a positive step towards inclusivity in its attenuation of economic, physical, and legal barriers and effectively enabled many individuals from groups that have traditionally been underrepresented to join and participate. A number of studies have outlined how moving online made it possible to gather a more global community and has increased opportunities for individuals with various constraints, e.g., caregiving responsibilities.Yet, the mere existence of online conferences is no guarantee that everyone can attend and participate meaningfully. In fact, many elements of an online conference are still significant barriers to truly diverse participation: the tools used can be inaccessible for some individuals; the scheduling choices can favour some geographical locations; the set-up of the conference can provide more visibility to well-established researchers and reduce opportunities for early-career researchers. While acknowledging the benefits of an online setting, especially for individuals who have traditionally been underrepresented or excluded, we recognize that fostering social justice requires inclusivity to actively be centered in every aspect of online conference design.Here, we draw from the literature and from our own experiences to identify practices that purposefully encourage a diverse community to attend, participate in, and lead online conferences. Reflecting on how to design more inclusive online events is especially important as multiple scientific organizations have announced that they will continue offering an online version of their event when in-person conferences can resume.
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| 39. |
- Lindblad, R., et al.
(författare)
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X-Ray Absorption Spectrum of the N-2(+) Molecular Ion
- 2020
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - : American Physical Society. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 124:20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The x-ray absorption spectrum of N-2(+) in the K-edge region has been measured by irradiation of ions stored in a cryogenic radio frequency ion trap with synchrotron radiation. We interpret the experimental results with the help of restricted active space multiconfiguration theory. Spectroscopic constants of the l sigma(-1 2)(u)Sigma(+)(u) state, and the two 1 sigma(-1)(u) 3 sigma(-1)(g) 1 pi(y) (II alpha)-I-2 states are determined from the measurements. The charge of the ground state together with spin coupling involving several open shells give rise to double excitations and configuration mixing, and a complete breakdown of the orbital picture for higher lying core-excited states.
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| 40. |
- Miro, J M, et al.
(författare)
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Staphylococcus aureus native valve infective endocarditis: report of 566 episodes from the International Collaboration on Endocarditis Merged Database.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1537-6591. ; 41:4, s. 507-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Staphylococcus aureus native valve infective endocarditis (SA-NVIE) is not completely understood. The objective of this investigation was to describe the characteristics of a large, international cohort of patients with SA-NVIE. METHODS: The International Collaboration on Endocarditis Merged Database (ICE-MD) is a combination of 7 existing electronic databases from 5 countries that contains data on 2212 cases of definite infective endocarditis (IE). RESULTS: Of patients with native valve IE, 566 patients [corrected] had IE due to S. aureus, and 1074 patients had IE due to pathogens other than S. aureus (non-SA-NVIE). Patients with S. aureus IE were more likely to die (20% vs. 12%; P < .001), to experience an embolic event (61% [corrected] vs. 31%; P < .001), or to have a central nervous system event (21% [corrected] vs. 13%; P < .001) and were less likely to undergo surgery (26% vs. 39%; P < .001) than were patients with non-SA-NVIE. Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors of mortality identified age (odds ratio [OR], 1.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-1.7), periannular abscess (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.0 [corrected] -5.6), heart failure (OR, 3.9; 95% CI, 2.3-6.7), and absence of surgical therapy (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.3-4.2) as variables that were independently associated with mortality in patients with SA-NVIE. After adjusting for patient-, pathogen-, and treatment-specific characteristics by multivariate analysis, geographical region was also found to be associated with mortality in patients with SA-NVIE (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: S. aureus is an important and common cause of IE. The outcome of SA-NVIE is worse than that of non-SA-NVIE. Several clinical parameters are independently associated with mortality for patients with SA-NVIE. The clinical characteristics and outcome of SA-NVIE vary significantly by geographic region, although the reasons for such regional variations in outcomes of SA-NVIE are unknown and are probably multifactorial. A large, prospective, multinational cohort study of patients with IE is now under way to further investigate these observations.
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| 41. |
- Olsen, Jeanine L, et al.
(författare)
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The genome of the seagrass Zostera marina reveals angiosperm adaptation to the sea.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 530:7590, s. 331-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Seagrasses colonized the sea on at least three independent occasions to form the basis of one of the most productive and widespread coastal ecosystems on the planet. Here we report the genome of Zostera marina (L.), the first, to our knowledge, marine angiosperm to be fully sequenced. This reveals unique insights into the genomic losses and gains involved in achieving the structural and physiological adaptations required for its marine lifestyle, arguably the most severe habitat shift ever accomplished by flowering plants. Key angiosperm innovations that were lost include the entire repertoire of stomatal genes, genes involved in the synthesis of terpenoids and ethylene signalling, and genes for ultraviolet protection and phytochromes for far-red sensing. Seagrasses have also regained functions enabling them to adjust to full salinity. Their cell walls contain all of the polysaccharides typical of land plants, but also contain polyanionic, low-methylated pectins and sulfated galactans, a feature shared with the cell walls of all macroalgae and that is important for ion homoeostasis, nutrient uptake and O2/CO2 exchange through leaf epidermal cells. The Z. marina genome resource will markedly advance a wide range of functional ecological studies from adaptation of marine ecosystems under climate warming, to unravelling the mechanisms of osmoregulation under high salinities that may further inform our understanding of the evolution of salt tolerance in crop plants.
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| 42. |
- Palm, Bruna G, et al.
(författare)
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Wavelength-Resolution SAR Ground Scene Prediction Based on Image Stack
- 2020
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Ingår i: Sensors. - : MDPI. - 1424-8220. ; 20:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents five different statistical methods for ground scene prediction (GSP) in wavelength-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. The GSP image can be used as a reference image in a change detection algorithm yielding a high probability of detection and low false alarm rate. The predictions are based on image stacks, which are composed of images from the same scene acquired at different instants with the same flight geometry. The considered methods for obtaining the ground scene prediction include (i) autoregressive models; (ii) trimmed mean; (iii) median; (iv) intensity mean; and (v) mean. It is expected that the predicted image presents the true ground scene without change and preserves the ground backscattering pattern. The study indicates that the the median method provided the most accurate representation of the true ground. To show the applicability of the GSP, a change detection algorithm was considered using the median ground scene as a reference image. As a result, the median method displayed the probability of detection of 97 % and a false alarm rate of 0 . 11 / km 2 , when considering military vehicles concealed in a forest.
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| 43. |
- Paulsen, Marianne H., et al.
(författare)
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An amphipathic cyclic tetrapeptide scaffold containing halogenated β2,2-amino acids with activity against multiresistant bacteria
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Peptide Science. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1075-2617 .- 1099-1387. ; 24:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study describes the synthesis and biological studies of a small series of head-to-tail cyclic tetrapeptides of the general structure c(Lys‐β2,2‐Xaa‐Lys) containing one lipophilic β2,2-amino acid and Lys, Gly, Ala, or Phe as the Xaa residue in the sequence. The peptides were investigated for antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative reference strains and 30 multiresistant clinical isolates including strains with extended spectrum β-lactamase-carbapenemase (ESBL-CARBA) production. Toxicity was determined against human red blood cells. The most potent peptides showed high activity against the gram-positive clinical isolates with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 4-8μg/mL and low haemolytic activity. The combination of high antimicrobial activity and low toxicity shows that these cyclic tetrapeptides containing lipophilic β2,2-amino acids form a valuable scaffold for designing novel antimicrobial agents.
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| 44. |
- Richard, B. C., et al.
(författare)
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A simplified and sensitive immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry protocol for the analysis of amyloid-beta peptides in brain tissue
- 2019
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Ingår i: Clinical Mass Spectrometry. - : ELSEVIER. - 2213-8005 .- 2376-9998. ; 14, s. 83-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the field of Alzheimer's disease, there is an urgent need for novel analytical tools to identify disease-specific biomarkers and to evaluate therapeutics. Preclinical trials commonly employ amyloid beta (A beta) peptide signatures as a read-out. In this paper, we report a simplified and detailed protocol for robust immunoprecipitation of A beta in brain tissue prior to mass spectrometric detection exemplified by a study using transgenic mice. The established method employed murine monoclonal and rabbit polyclonal antibodies and was capable of yielding well-reproducible peaks of high intensity with low background signal intensities corresponding to various A beta forms.
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| 45. |
- Stray-Pedersen, Asbjorg, et al.
(författare)
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Primary immunodeficiency diseases : Genomic approaches delineate heterogeneous Mendelian disorders
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : MOSBY-ELSEVIER. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 139:1, s. 232-245
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDDs) are clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders thus far associated with mutations in more than 300 genes. The clinical phenotypes derived from distinct genotypes can overlap. Genetic etiology can be a prognostic indicator of disease severity and can influence treatment decisions. Objective: We sought to investigate the ability of whole-exome screening methods to detect disease-causing variants in patients with PIDDs. Methods: Patients with PIDDs from 278 families from 22 countries were investigated by using whole-exome sequencing. Computational copy number variant (CNV) prediction pipelines and an exome-tiling chromosomal microarray were also applied to identify intragenic CNVs. Analytic approaches initially focused on 475 known or candidate PIDD genes but were nonexclusive and further tailored based on clinical data, family history, and immunophenotyping. Results: A likely molecular diagnosis was achieved in 110 (40%) unrelated probands. Clinical diagnosis was revised in about half (60/ 110) and management was directly altered in nearly a quarter (26/ 110) of families based on molecular findings. Twelve PIDD-causing CNVs were detected, including 7 smaller than 30 Kb that would not have been detected with conventional diagnostic CNV arrays. Conclusion: This high-throughput genomic approach enabled detection of disease-related variants in unexpected genes; permitted detection of low-grade constitutional, somatic, and revertant mosaicism; and provided evidence of a mutational burden in mixed PIDD immunophenotypes.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Urban, Sebastian, et al.
(författare)
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Computing grip force and torque from finger nail images using Gaussian processes
- 2013
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Ingår i: 2013 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems. - : IEEE. - 9781467363587 ; , s. 4034-4039
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We demonstrate a simple approach with which finger force can be measured from nail coloration. By automatically extracting features from nail images of a finger-mounted CCD camera, we can directly relate these images to the force measured by a force-torque sensor. The method automatically corrects orientation and illumination differences. Using Gaussian processes, we can relate prepro-cessed images of the finger nail to measured force and torque of the finger, allowing us to predict the finger force at a level of 95%-98% accuracy at force ranges up to 10N, and torques around 90% accuracy, based on training data gathered in 90s. © 2013 IEEE.
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| 48. |
- Vasilopoulou, M., et al.
(författare)
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Interventions about physical activity and diet and their impact on adolescent and young adult cancer survivors : a Prisma systematic review
- 2024
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Ingår i: Supportive Care in Cancer. - : Springer Nature. - 0941-4355 .- 1433-7339. ; 32:6
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Over the past few decades, the incidence of cancer among adolescents and young adults (AYA) has been increasing. The impact of behaviors, such as physical activity (PA) and nutrition, on disease progression, prognosis, and overall health and quality of life for AYA cancer survivors is of significant importance. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of PA and diet interventions for AYA cancer survivors and to critically evaluate existing literature, gaps, and limitations.Methods A search of literature was conducted in PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar following the PRISMA guidelines. Twenty-two studies were included from online databases from 2012 to 2022, 13 of which were randomized controlled trials.Results Most interventions were related to PA, with only four studies including nutrition or Diet interventions. The interventions were generally feasible and acceptable to AYA cancer survivors, and digitally based PA interventions were commonly used. PA interventions mainly comprised aerobic and resistance training and were individualized. Overall, this review found various PA and diet interventions for AYA cancer survivors that were feasible and well-accepted, but gaps in knowledge and design still exist.Conclusions This systematic review underscores the importance of conducting more research on diet interventions for YCS.
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| 49. |
- Wolf, Jochen B. W., et al.
(författare)
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Nucleotide divergence vs. gene expression differentiation : comparative transcriptome sequencing in natural isolates from the carrion crow and its hybrid zone with the hooded crow
- 2010
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Ingår i: Molecular Ecology. - 0962-1083 .- 1365-294X. ; 19:Suppl. 1, s. 162-175
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent advances in sequencing technology promise to provide new strategies for studying population differentiation and speciation phenomena in their earliest phases. We focus here on the black carrion crow (Corvus [corone] corone), which forms a zone of hybridization and overlap with the grey coated hooded crow (Corvus [corone] cornix). However, although these semispecies are taxonomically distinct, previous analyses based on several types of genetic markers did not reveal significant molecular differentiation between them. We here corroborate this result with sequence data obtained from a set of 25 nuclear intronic loci. Thus, the system represents a case of a very early phase of species divergence that requires new molecular approaches for its description. We have therefore generated RNAseq expression profiles using barcoded massively parallel pyrosequencing of brain mRNA from six individuals of the carrion crow and five individuals from a hybrid zone with the hooded crow. We obtained 856 675 reads from two runs, with average read length of 270 nt and coverage of 8.44. Reads were assembled de novo into 19 552 contigs, 70% of which could be assigned to annotated genes in chicken and zebra finch. This resulted in a total of 7637 orthologous genes and a core set of 1301 genes that could be compared across all individuals. We find a clear clustering of expression profiles for the pure carrion crow animals and disperse profiles for the animals from the hybrid zone. These results suggest that gene expression differences may indeed be a sensitive indicator of initial species divergence.
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| 50. |
- Zamudio-Bayer, V., et al.
(författare)
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Electronic ground state of Ni 2
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 145:19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Φ9/24 ground state of the Ni2+ diatomic molecular cation is determined experimentally from temperature and magnetic-field-dependent x-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy in a cryogenic ion trap, where an electronic and rotational temperature of 7.4±0.2 K was reached by buffer gas cooling of the molecular ion. The contribution of the spin dipole operator to the x-ray magnetic circular dichroism spin sum rule amounts to 7Tz=0.17±0.06μB per atom, approximately 11% of the spin magnetic moment. We find that, in general, homonuclear diatomic molecular cations of 3d transition metals seem to adopt maximum spin magnetic moments in their electronic ground states.
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