| 1. |
- Aloisio, Angelo, et al.
(författare)
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Vibration issues in timber structures : A state-of-the-art review
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Building Engineering. - 2352-7102. ; 76
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increasing use of timber structures worldwide has brought attention to the challenges posed by their lightweight nature, making them more prone to vibrations than more massive structures. Consequently, significant research efforts have been dedicated to understanding and mitigating vibrations in timber structures, while scientific committees strive to establish suitable design regulations. This study aims to classify and identify the main research themes related to timber structure vibrations and highlight future research needs and directions. A bibliometric-based selection process briefly introduces each research topic, presenting the latest findings and proposals for vibration design in timber structures. The paper emphasizes the key outcomes and significant contributions to understanding and addressing vibration issues in timber structures. These findings serve as valuable guidance for researchers, designers, and regulatory bodies involved in designing and assessing timber structures subjected to vibrations.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Bedon, Chiara, et al.
(författare)
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Numerical Modelling of Structural Glass Elements under Thermal Exposure
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glass is largely used in engineering applications as a structural material, especially for laminated glass (LG) sections. However, the well-known temperature-dependent behaviour of visco-elastic interlayers for LG sections should be properly accounted for safety purposes, even in ambient conditions. The materials thermo-mechanical degradation with increase of temperature could further severely affect the load-bearing performance of such assemblies. Thermo-mechanical Finite Element (FE) numerical modelling, in this regard, can represent a robust tool and support for designers. Key input parameters and possible limits in FE models, however, should be properly taken into account and calibrated, especially for geometrically simplified models, to enable realistic and reliable estimations of real structural behavior. In this paper, FE simulations are proposed for monolithic (MG) and LG specimens under radiant heating, based on one-dimensional (1D) models. With the use of experimental results from the literature, parametric studies are discussed, indicating limits and issues at several modelling assuptions. Careful consideration is paid for various thermal material properties (conductivity, specific heat), boundary conditions (conductivity, emissivity) as well as geometrical features (thickness tolerances, etc.) and composition of LG sections (interlayer type, thickness). Comparative parametric results are hence discussed in the paper.
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| 5. |
- Bedon, Chiara, et al.
(författare)
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Performance of structural glass facades under extreme loads – Design methods, existing research, current issues and trends
- 2018
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Ingår i: Construction and Building Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0950-0618 .- 1879-0526. ; 163, s. 921-937
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glass has been overwhelmingly used for windows and facades in modern constructions, for many practical reasons, including thermal, energy, light and aesthetics. Nevertheless, due to the relatively low tensile strength and mostly brittle behaviour of glass, compared to other traditional materials, as well as to a multitude of interacting structural and non-structural components, windows/facades are one of the most fragile and vulnerable components of buildings, being representative of the physical line of separation between interior and exterior spaces. As such, multidisciplinary approaches, as well as specific fail-safe design criteria and analysis methods are required, especially under extreme loading conditions, so that casualties and injuries in the event of failure could be avoided and appropriate safety levels could be guaranteed. In this context, this paper presents a review of the state of art on analysis and design methods in use for glass facades, with careful consideration for extreme loading configurations, including natural events, such as seismic events, extreme wind or other climatic exposures, and man-made threats, i.e. blast loads and fire. Major results of available experimental outcomes, current issues and trends are also reported, summarising still open challenges.
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| 6. |
- Bedon, Chiara, et al.
(författare)
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Special issue on "buildings and structures under extreme loads"
- 2020
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Ingår i: Applied Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 2076-3417. ; 10:16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exceptional loads on buildings and structures may have different causes, including high-strain dynamic effects due to natural hazards, man-made attacks, and accidents, as well as extreme operational conditions (severe temperature variations, humidity, etc.). All these aspects can be critical for specific structural typologies and/or materials that are particularly sensitive to unfavorable external conditions. In this regard, dedicated and refined methods are required for their design, analysis, and maintenance under the expected lifetime. However, major challenges are usually related to the structural typology and materials object of study, with respect to the key features of the imposed design loads. Further issues can be derived from the need for the mitigation of adverse effects or retrofit of existing structures, as well as from the optimal and safe design of innovative materials/systems. Finally, in some cases, no appropriate design recommendations are currently available in support of practitioners, and thus experimental investigations (both on-site or on laboratory prototypes) can have a key role within the overall structural design and assessment process. This Special Issue presents 19 original research studies and two review papers dealing with the structural performance of buildings and structures under exceptional loads, and can represent a useful answer to the above-mentioned problems.
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| 7. |
- Bedon, Chiara, et al.
(författare)
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Structural characterisation of adaptive facades in Europe – Part I : Insight on classification rules, performance metrics and design methods
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Building Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-7102. ; 25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adaptive facades are increasingly used in modern buildings, where they can take the form of complex systems and manifest their adaptivity in several ways. Adaptive envelopes must meet the requirements defined by structural considerations, which include structural safety, serviceability, durability, robustness and fire safety. For these novel skins, based on innovative design solutions, experimentation at the component and / or assembly level is required to prove that these requirements are fulfilled. The definition of appropriate metrics is hence also recommended. A more complex combination of material-related, kinematic, geometrical and mechanical aspects should in fact be properly taken into account, compared to traditional, static facades. Accordingly, specific experimental methods and regulations are required for these novel skins. As an outcome of the European COST Action TU1403 ‘Adaptive facades network’ - ‘Structural’ Task Group, this paper collects some recent examples and design concepts of adaptive systems, specifically including a new classification proposal and the definition of some possible metrics for their structural performance assessment. The aim is to provide a robust background and detailed state-of-the-art information for these novel structural systems, towards the development of standardised and reliable procedures for their mechanical and thermo-physical characterisation.
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| 8. |
- Bedon, Chiara, et al.
(författare)
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Structural characterisation of adaptive facades in Europe - Part II : Validity of conventional experimental testing methods and key issues
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Building Engineering. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 2352-7102. ; 25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Given their intrinsic features, adaptive facades are required to satisfy rigid structural performances, in addition to typical insulation, thermal and energy requirements. These include a minimum of safety and serviceability levels under ordinary design loads, durability, robustness, fire resistance, capacity to sustain severe seismic events or other natural hazards, etc. The overall design process of adaptive facades may include further challenges and uncertainties especially in the case of complex assemblies, where multiple combinations of material-related phenomena, kinematic effects, geometrical and mechanical characteristics could take place. In this context, experimental testing at the component and/or at the full-scale assembly level has a fundamental role, to prove that all the expected performance parameters are properly fulfilled. Several standards and guideline documents are available in the literature, and provide recommendations and procedures in support of conventional testing approaches for the certification and performance assessment of facades. These documents, however, are specifically focused on ordinary, static envelopes, and no provisions are given for the experimental testing of dynamic, adaptive skins. In this regard, it is hence expected that a minimum of conventional experimental procedures may be directly extended from static to dynamic facades. However, the validity of standardized procedures for adaptive skins is still an open issue. Novel and specific experimental approaches are then necessarily required, to assess the structural characteristics of adaptive facades, depending on their properties and on the design detailing. In this paper, existing fundamental standards for testing traditional facades are first recalled and commented. Special care is spent for the validity and reliability of conventional testing methods for innovative, adaptive envelopes, including a discussion on selected experimental methods for facade components and systems. Non-conventional testing procedures which may be useful for adaptive skins are then also discussed in the paper, as resulting from the research efforts of the European COST Action TU1403 ‘Adaptive facades network’ - ‘Structural’ Task Group.
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| 9. |
- Bedon, Chiara, et al.
(författare)
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Thermal assessment of glass façade panels under radiant heating : Experimental and preliminary numerical studies
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering. - 2213-302X. ; 6:3, s. 049-064
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nowadays, glass is increasingly being used as a load-bearing material for structural components in buildings and façades. Different structural member solutions (such as panels, beams, columns) and loading conditions were the subjects of several research studies in recent years. Most of them, however, were typically limited to experimental testing and numerical simulations on glass elements and assemblies at room temperature. Thermo-mechanical investigations, inclusive of the temperature-dependent behaviour of visco-elastic interlayers used in laminated glass solutions, as well as the typical thermo-mechanical degradation of glass properties in line with temperature increase, in this regard, are still limited. Such an aspect can be particularly important for adaptive façades, in which the continuous variation of thermal and mechanical boundary conditions should be properly taken into account at all the design stages, as well as during the lifetime of a constructed facility. Given the key role that thermo-mechanical studies of glazing systems can pe use of glass in façades, this paper focuses on Finite Element (FE) numerical modelling of monolithic and laminated glass panels exposed to radiant heating, by taking advantage of past experimental investigations. In the study discussed herein, being representative of some major outcomes of a more extended research project, one-dimensional (1D) FE models are used to reproduce the thermal behaviour of selected glass specimens under radiant heating, as observed in the past experiments. Given the high computational efficiency but very basic assumptions of 1D assemblies, a critical discussion of experimental-to-numerical comparisons is then proposed for a selection of specimens.
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| 10. |
- Fink, Gerhard, et al.
(författare)
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HOLISTIC DESIGN OF TALLER TIMBER BUILDINGS - COST ACTION HELEN (CA20139)
- 2023
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Ingår i: World Conference on Timber Engineering (WCTE 2023). ; 2, s. 1001-1008
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the worldwide construction sector being responsible for one third of carbon dioxide emissions, as well as forty percent of the world’s energy use and waste production, a shift to sustainable and renewable construction techniques is crucial. Engineered timber, a champion of sustainable construction materials, has evolved to a stage that enables the construction of not only family housing but also taller buildings so far commonly built from concrete or steel. Designing taller timber buildings made is more demanding than their concrete and steel counterparts. Whereas different design aspects (architectural, structural, fire safety, acoustics, etc.) of concrete buildings can work almost independently, the design of taller timber buildings should be performed with intensive collaboration among the design teams. It is therefore crucial to address taller multi-storey timber buildings from a collaborative and interdisciplinary perspective, considering static, dynamic, fire, acoustic, human health, and other aspects in parallel and not in isolation. Only through interdisciplinary analysis and interaction can a set of holistic design guidelines be developed that will enable the safe construction of taller timber buildings, as well as respect human wellbeing demands. In this paper, the COST Action CA20139 will be presented and the main aims will be discussed.
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| 11. |
- Honfi, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Thermo-Mechanical Behaviour of Glass Panes Exposed to Radiant Heating
- 2022
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Ingår i: Fire. - : MDPI. - 2571-6255. ; 5:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite much research and applications, glass material and its use in buildings is still challenging for engineers due to its inherent brittleness and characteristic features such as sensitivity to stress concentrations, reduction in strength over time and from temperature, and breakage due to the stresses that may build up because of thermal gradients. This paper presents the results of an original test series carried out on monolithic glass panes with the dimensions of 500 × 500 mm2 and different thicknesses, under the exposure to radiant heating. The research study also includes a one-dimensional (1D) heat transfer model and a numerical, three-dimensional (3D) thermo-mechanical model that are used to investigate in greater detail the phenomena observed during the experiments. As shown, the behaviour of glass under radiant heating is rather complex and confirms the high vulnerability of this material for building applications. The usability and potential of thermo-mechanical numerical models is discussed towards experimental feedback. © 2022 by the authors.
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| 12. |
- Kozlowski, Marcin, et al.
(författare)
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Numerical Analysis and 1D/2D Sensitivity Study for Monolithic and Laminated Structural Glass Elements under Thermal Exposure
- 2018
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Ingår i: Materials. - : MDPI AG. - 1996-1944. ; 11:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glass is largely used in architectural and engineering applications (i.e., buildings and vehicles) as a structural material, especially in the form of laminated glass (LG) sections. To achieve adequate and controlled safety levels in these applications, the well-known temperature-dependent behavior of viscoelastic interlayers for LG sections should be properly accounted for during the design process. Furthermore, the materials' thermomechanical degradation with increases of temperature could severely affect the load-bearing performance of glass assemblies. In this context, uncoupled thermomechanical finite element (FE) numerical models could represent a robust tool and support for design engineers. Key input parameters and possible limits of the FE method, however, should be properly calibrated and assessed, so as to enable reliable estimations for the real behavior of glazing systems. In this paper, FE simulations are proposed for monolithic (MG) and LG specimens under radiant heating, based on one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) models. A special attention is focused on thermal effects, being representative of the first step for conventional uncoupled, thermomechanical analyses. Based on experimental results available in the literature, FE parametric studies are discussed, giving evidence of limits and issues due to several modeling assumptions. In particular, careful consideration is paid for various thermal material properties (conductivity, specific heat) and thermal boundaries (conductivity, emissivity), but also for other influencing parameters like the geometrical features of samples (thickness tolerances, cross-sectional properties, etc.), the composition of LG sections (interlayer type, thickness), the loading pattern (heat transfer distribution) and the presence of additional mechanical restraints (i.e., supports of different materials). Comparative FE results are hence critically discussed, highlighting the major effects of such influencing parameters.
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| 13. |
- Stochino, Flavio, et al.
(författare)
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Robustness and resilience of structures under extreme loads
- 2019
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Ingår i: Advances in Civil Engineering / Hindawi. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1687-8086 .- 1687-8094. ; 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many of modern life activities involve the risk of fire, explosions, and impacts. In addition, natural extreme events are becoming more and more common. Thus, robustness, the ability to avoid disproportionate collapse due to an initial damage, and resilience, the ability to adapt to and recover from the effects of changing external conditions, represent two important characteristics of current structures and infrastructures. Their definitions are reviewed in this paper with the aim of sorting and describing the different approaches proposed in the literature and in the international standards. A simple example is also analysed in order to compare different methods. Copyright © 2019 Flavio Stochino et al.
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