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- Andrée, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
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Utformning av utrymningsplats
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- An investigation regarding the design of a safe refuge area and more specifically the means for communication from the safe refuge areawas performed. Three types of communication techniques were tested using a survey and using experiments in a virtual reality environment; a signal lamp in combination with a push button system, a text display system and finally a voice communication system. According to the Swedish building regulation public buildings and some others shall have safe refuge areas if they are not equipped with a sprinkler system. The safe refuge areas should be located on every floor except on ground floor. Currently there is a lack of guidelines on how the communication between a person staying at the refuge area in the case of a fire and another person inside or outside the building shall be designed. The results indicate that most persons using wheelchairs prefer a voice communication system. The work presents guidelines relevant when designing the safe refuge area. Different views on the design and use of a safe refuge area have been collected using interviews, questionnaires and VR-experiments.
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- Holmstedt, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Determination of uncertainty of different CFD codes by means of comparison with experimental fire scenarios
- 2009
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Ingår i: Conference Proceedings - Fire and Materials 2009, 11th International Conference and Exhibition.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article will summarise the evaluation of four CFD software codes (CFX, FDS4, SMAFS and SOFIE). Evaluation was performed by means of comparing the simulation data with experimental scenarios. The scenarios were chosen to represent scenarios frequently assessed using fire safety design based on performance. The greatest difficulty during validation of CFD-codes is to find well documented relevant experiments. It is true that many large scale experiments including smoke spread have been published but many of them are not described sufficiently and are therefore impossible to use for validation. It is very unusual that data on reproducibility and repeatability is available. After an extensive discussion between the participants in the project five scenarios were chosen. Scenarios 1A (large room with vents), and scenarios 1B1 and 1B2 (corridor with vents) were well documented experiments (repeatability) with ceiling vents and ceiling jets performed earlier at SP in Boras. Scenario 2 is a tunnel fire taken from an experimental study in Boston, US. Scenario 3 is an atrium fire taken from an experimental study in Japan. Lack of well documented fires in retail premises lead us to perform a series of tests in 1/2 scale, 4.1 and 4.2 at SP in Boras. Scenario 5 is an experimental study from Australia including smoke spread from a fire room to an adjacent corridor and a room. The conditions for the simulations included information about the scenarios given above. No information about experimental results was available until the results from the simulations had been sent in to the project manager. The intention was to imitate the working conditions for a consultant as far as possible when using a CFD-simulation to estimate fire safety. In this manner the simulations are dependent on many factors such as the CFD-code used, judgement of input data of the scenarios done by the operator, operator skill etc. The results from the evaluation of the CFD codes showed that the simulation results generally were a good description of the experimental fires studied, but that limitations and specific properties of the different codes, together with the operator factor, can strongly influence the results. The detailed results of all comparisons are given in the final report of the project. It was not possible to include these detailed evaluations in this conference paper but these results are available in the main report as well as in future scientific articles.
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- Holmstedt, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of CFD codes
- 2008
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Use of CFD (computional fluid dynamics) softwarepackages within fire performance based engineeringand risk assessment is increasing substantially.An important part in the process is thequality assurance. For this reason the SwedishRescue Services Agency (SRV) sponsored aunique research project. Within the project differentcodes for smoke spread and evacuationhave been evaluated. This poster will focus onthe evaluation of four CFD software codes.
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| 11. |
- Jönsson, Robert, et al.
(författare)
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Brandskyddshandboken
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Tuovinen, Heimo, et al.
(författare)
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Sensitivity calculations of tunnel fires using CFD
- 1996
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Ingår i: Fire Technology. - 0015-2684. ; 32:2, s. 99-119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Detailed numerical simulations of fires in road tunnels were carried out using the CFD code JASMINE. Fire tests performed in the Ofenegg tunnel have also been validated. A parametric study of fires in an arbitrary 300-m-long tunnel was made, in which the influence of fire size, tunnel width, ventilation and ground slope was investigated. The movement of hazardous temperature and smoke regions as a function of time was calculated to investigate escape possibilities from the tunnel in case of fire.
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