| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Al-Khatib, A, et al.
(författare)
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Transition to non-collective states at high spin in Xe-124
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001. ; 36:1, s. 21-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Excited states in Xe-124 were populated in the reaction Se-82(Ca-48, 6n) Xe-124 and gamma-ray coincidence relationships were measured with the Gammasphere spectrometer. Two new bands are observed and several of the previously known bands are extended in the high-as well as in the low-spin region. Two irregular high-spin structures are also added. The irregularities are a fingerprint of a transition from collective to non-collective behaviour. Configuration assignments to the new structures are proposed on the basis of systematics and by comparing experimental properties with calculations within the framework of the cranking model.
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| 4. |
- Alsved, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Droplet, aerosol and SARS-CoV-2 emissions during singing and talking
- 2021
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionAs the pandemic continues to spread, more knowledge is needed about the viral transmission routes. Several super spreading events during the Covid-19 pandemic have been linked to singing in choirs and talking loud. However, in the beginning of the pandemic there was only one study about emitted aerosols and droplets from singing, published in 1968, and only a handful on emissions from talking. Therefore, we conducted a study to measure the aerosol and droplet emissions from talking and singing. We also evaluated the emissions from singing when wearing a face mask.We have further developed our setup so that we collect the aerosol particles from Covid-19 infected patients that are talking and singing, and analyze our samples for SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing Covid-19.MethodTwelve healthy singers (7 professionals, 5 amateurs) were included in the first study part on quantifying the amount of emitted aerosols and droplets. The singers were singing or talking a short consonant rich text repeatedly at a constant pitch with their face in the opening of a funnel. The aerosol particle size and concentration was measured from the other end of the funnel using an aerodynamic particle sizer (APS, 3321, TSI Inc). In addition, the amount of un-evaporated droplets were captured with a high-speed camera and quantified using image analysis.During February and March 2021 we will collect aerosol particles from patients with confirmed Covid-19 that are singing and talking into a funnel. We will use a growth tube condensation collector, a BioSpot (Aerosol Devices), operating at 8 L min-1, and a NIOSH BC-251 cyclone sampler operating at 3.5 L min-1 (TISCH Environmental). The BioSpot collects the whole range of exhaled aerosol particles with high (95%) efficiency into liquid, and the NIOSH cyclone sampler collects particles into three size fractions: <1 µm (filter), 1-4 µm (liquid), >4 µm (liquid). The APS is again used to measure size and concentration of the emitted aerosol particles, so that emissions from infected test subjects can be compared with those of the healthy test subjects. Air samples will be analyzed for detection of SARS-CoV-2 genes, and if possible, SARS-CoV-2 infectivity in cell cultures.ResultsAerosol particle emissions from healthy test subjects were significantly higher during normal singing (median 690, range [320–2870] particles/s) than during normal talking (270 [120–1380] particles/s) (Wilcoxon’s signed rank test, p=0.002). Loud singing produced even more aerosol particles (980 [390–2870] particles/s) than normal singing (p=0.002). The amount of non-evaporated droplets detected by the high-speed camera setup showed similar results: more droplets during loud singing or talking. For both aerosol particle concentrations and droplet numbers, the levels were reduced by on average 70-80% when wearing a surgical face mask.ConclusionsSinging and talking give rise to high aerosol and droplet emissions from the respiratory tract. This is likely an important transmission route for Covid-19. In our upcoming part of the study we hope to determine how much SARS-CoV-2 that is emitted during these social activities.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Alsved, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Exhaled respiratory particles during singing and talking
- 2020
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Ingår i: Aerosol Science and Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1521-7388 .- 0278-6826. ; 54:11, s. 245-1248
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Choir singing has been suspended in many countriesduring the Covid-19 pandemic due to incidental reportsof disease transmission. The mode of transmission has been attributed to exhaled droplets, but with the exception of a study on tuberculosis from1968, there is presently almost no scientific evidence ofincreased particle emissions from singing. A substantial number of studies have,however, investigated aerosols emitted from breathing,talking, coughing and sneezing. It has also been shown that justnormal breathing over time can generate more viablevirus aerosol than coughing, since the latter is a less fre-quent activity.Compared to talking, singing often involves continu-ous voicing, higher sound pressure, higher frequencies,deeper breaths, higher peak airflows and more articu-lated consonants. All these factors are likely to increaseexhaled emissions.The aim of this study was to investigate aerosol anddroplet emissions during singing, as compared to talking and breathing. We also examined the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the air from breathing, talking and singing,and the efficacy of face masks to reduce emissions. In this study we defined aerosol particles as having a drysize in the range 0.5–10mm. Although debatable from anaerosol physics point of view, a cutoff diameter between5 and 10mm is normally used in medicine for classifica-tion of aerosol versus droplet route of transmission. Droplets are here defined as exhaled particles, frommicron size with no upper size limit, and measured dir-ectly at the mouth before complete evaporation, thuspartly in liquid phase.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Axelsson, A, et al.
(författare)
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A critical appraisal of the rediagonalization method for construction of diabatic levels
- 2002
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Ingår i: Nuclear Physics, Section A. - 0375-9474. ; 708:3-4, s. 226-244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The possibilities and limitations of the rediagonalization method for detection and removal of virtual interactions at bandcrossings are explored in the framework of the cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky shell model. Improvements of the method are suggested.
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| 9. |
- Axelsson, A, et al.
(författare)
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An investigation of pairing correlations in diabatic configurations at high spin and large deformation: applications to the description of SD bands in Eu-143
- 2002
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Ingår i: Nuclear Physics, Section A. - 0375-9474. ; 708:3-4, s. 245-276
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The HFB cranked shell model is applied in an investigation of the selfconsistent pairing properties of the superdeformed (SD) bands in Eu-143. Results from a fully pairing and deformation selfconsistent mesh calculation of the properties of the most intense SD band in 143Eu are presented, as well as pairing selfconsistent calculations done at a fixed deformation close to the SD minimum for an excited SD configuration. The calculations are compared to unpaired calculations and to published experimental data. Fully diabatic configurations are studied and total energy surfaces are constructed for fixed values of the angular momentum. Other issues addressed include the development of the particle number distribution in the HFB wave function up to very high frequency, the consequences of using a fixed Fermi energy in high-spin calculations and the effects of the number of excited quasiparticles on the pairing properties of the superdeformed nucleus. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Bengtsson, Ragnar, et al.
(författare)
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Gender and ethnic discrimination in the rental housing market
- 2012
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Ingår i: Applied Economics Letters. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1350-4851 .- 1466-4291. ; 19:1, s. 1-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We use a field experiment to measure discrimination in the housing market in Stockholm. Four fictitious persons, of different gender, with distinct-sounding Arabic or Swedish names, are randomly assigned to vacant apartments. We extend the study by Ahmed and Hammarstedt ( 2008). There are two new results. First, we provide evidence that there is no or little gender premium for the female with the Arabic name, which suggests that ethnic discrimination dominates the effects of gender. Second, discriminatory behaviour is only found in the suburbs or satellite cities/towns of Stockholm County not in the densely populated, affluent, city centre. Moreover, we can replicate that there is a gender premium for females with Swedish names. However, we are not able to confirm that males with Arabic names face discrimination.
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| 11. |
- Bengtsson, Ragnar, et al.
(författare)
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Magic gaps and intruder levels in triaxially superdeformed nuclei
- 2004
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001. ; 22:3, s. 355-362
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nuclear shell model calculations based on a modified harmonic-oscillator potential result in amazingly stable triaxial nuclear shapes. Major gaps in the single-particle energy spectra at proton number 71 and neutron number 94 combine constructively at low and intermediate rotational frequencies. At high frequencies, gaps at proton number 72 and neutron number 97 combine in an equally favourable way. The sizes of the gaps may be as large as 35% of the values for the gaps at the classical magic numbers 50 and 82 at spherical shape. The dependence on the positions of the intruder levels in forming the gaps is discussed. Experimentally observed rotational bands in lutetium (Z = 71) and hafnium (Z = 72) appear in isotopes and frequency ranges, which are consistent with the gaps in the theoretical single-particle energy spectra.
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| 12. |
- Bengtsson, Ragnar, et al.
(författare)
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Nuclear physics - A non-disappearing magic trick
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 449:7161, s. 411-411
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Well-established models of nuclei describe properties such as shells and magic numbers. But how do these predictions stand up to scrutiny for exotic, unstable nuclei? Pretty well, according to the latest study.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Carlsson, B. G., et al.
(författare)
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Triaxial shape with rotation around the longest principal axis in Gd-142
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 78:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cranking model is used to describe rotational bands. We investigate the approach of using diabatic configurations and minimizing the particle-number projected energy in a mesh of both lambda, Delta and deformation parameters. We use the method to interpret recent experimental data in Gd-142 and conclude that for the highest spin states observed (I approximate to 30), the nucleus is triaxial and builds spin by rotating around the classically unfavored longest axis.
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| 16. |
- Cavarec, Baptiste, et al.
(författare)
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Achieving SWIPT through differential permutation-based coding intelligent reflecting surface
- 2021
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Ingår i: 2021 17th International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) are exploited for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer. In the considered setup, the IRS, illuminated by a power transmitter, provides power to integrated sensors through energy harvesting while simultaneously transmitting information through differential permutation-based coding. The problem of allocating the IRS elements to either information or power transmission is studied, highlighting the tradeoff between the system throughput and the harvested power. The conducted performance analysis emphasizes the suitability of using IRSs in a SWIPT scenario without the need for cabled links or channel state information.
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| 17. |
- Dunér, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
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Immune responses against aldehyde-modified laminin accelerate atherosclerosis in Apoe(-/-) mice.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1484 .- 0021-9150. ; 212:2, s. 457-465
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: LDL oxidation in the vascular wall is associated with aldehyde modification of surrounding extracellular matrix proteins that may target autoimmune responses against vascular tissues. Here we investigated the possible influence of immunity against a malondialdehyde (MDA)-modified form of the basement membrane protein laminin on atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS: IgM and IgG autoantibodies were present in human plasma and a prospective clinical study demonstrated that individuals who later suffered from acute cardiovascular events had lower levels of MDA-laminin antibodies compared to those in the control group. Immunohistochemical analysis of atherosclerotic plaques from Apoe(-/-) mice demonstrated co-localization between laminin and MDA epitopes, however MDA-laminin IgG was absent in mouse plasma. To determine the effect of MDA-laminin immunity, Apoe(-/-) mice were immunized with MDA-laminin. Analysis of circulating leukocytes at 12 weeks demonstrated increased T-cell activation, expansion of Th17 cells and a lower fraction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in mice immunized with MDA-laminin. At 25 weeks, aortic atherosclerosis was increased by more than 60% in mice immunized with MDA-laminin, together with increased levels of MDA-laminin IgG1 and MDA-laminin-specific T-cells expressing IL-2, IL-4 and IL-6 in the spleen. CONCLUSION: The clinical observations suggest that immune responses against MDA-laminin may be involved in the development of cardiovascular disease in humans. Furthermore, observations in mice provide evidence for the presence of aldehyde-modified laminin in atherosclerotic lesions and demonstrate that induction of an immune response against these structures is associated with activation of Th17 cells, reduced fraction of Tregs and a more aggressive development of atherosclerosis.
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| 18. |
- Dunér, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
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Immune responses against fibronectin modified by lipoprotein oxidation and their association with cardiovascular disease.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 1365-2796 .- 0954-6820. ; Feb 14., s. 593-603
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract. Dunér P, To F, Alm R, Gonçalves I, Fredrikson GN, Hedblad B, Berglund G, Nilsson J, Bengtsson E (Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden). Immune responses against fibronectin modified by lipoprotein oxidation and their association with cardiovascular disease. J Intern Med 2009; doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2008.02067.xObjectives. Accumulation and subsequent oxidation of LDL in the arterial wall are considered as key events in the development of atherosclerosis. We have investigated the possibility that LDL oxidation results in release of aldehydes that modify surrounding matrix proteins and that this may target immune responses against the plaque extracellular matrix and modulate the disease progression. Results. Using custom-made ELISAs we demonstrate that human plasma contains autoantibodies against aldehyde-modified fibronectin (FN) and to a lesser extent also other extracellular matrix proteins including collagen type I, type III, and tenascin-C. Immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis showed that aldehyde-modified FN is present in human atherosclerotic plaques and that aldehydes generated by oxidation of LDL formed adducts with FN in vitro. We also demonstrate that aldehyde-modification of FN results in a loss of its ability to promote basal secretion of cytokines and growth factors from cultured macrophages without affecting the ability of the cells to respond to stimulation with LPS. A prospective clinical study demonstrated that subjects that subsequently developed acute myocardial infarction or sudden cardiac death had lower baseline levels of autoantibodies against aldehyde-modified FN than matched controls. Conclusions. These observations demonstrate that oxidation of LDL in the arterial wall may lead to aldehyde-modification of surrounding extracellular matrix proteins and that these modifications may affect macrophage function and activate autoimmune responses of pathophysiological importance for the development of atherosclerosis.
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| 19. |
- Engelbertsen, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Increased Inflammation in Atherosclerotic Lesions of Diabetic Akita-LDLr(-/-) Mice Compared to Nondiabetic LDLr(-/-) Mice.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Experimental Diabetes Research. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1687-5214 .- 1687-5303. ; 2012:Nov.,28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Diabetes is associated with increased cardiovascular disease, but the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. One proposed mechanism is that diabetes aggravates atherosclerosis by enhancing plaque inflammation. The Akita mouse has recently been adopted as a relevant model for microvascular complications of diabetes. Here we investigate the development of atherosclerosis and inflammation in vessels of Akita mice on LDLr(-/-) background. Methods and Results. Akita-LDLr(-/-) and LDLr(-/-) mice were fed high-fat diet from 6 to 24 weeks of age. Blood glucose levels were higher in both male and female Akita-LDLr(-/-) mice (137% and 70%, resp.). Male Akita-LDLr(-/-) mice had markedly increased plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels, a three-fold increase in atherosclerosis, and enhanced accumulation of macrophages and T-cells in plaques. In contrast, female Akita-LDLr(-/-) mice demonstrated a modest 29% increase in plasma cholesterol and no significant increase in triglycerides, atherosclerosis, or inflammatory cells in lesions. Male Akita-LDLr(-/-) mice had increased levels of plasma IL-1β compared to nondiabetic mice, whereas no such difference was seen between female diabetic and nondiabetic mice. Conclusion. Akita-LDLr(-/-) mice display considerable gender differences in the development of diabetic atherosclerosis. In addition, the increased atherosclerosis in male Akita-LDLr(-/-) mice is associated with an increase in inflammatory cells in lesions.
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| 20. |
- Engelbertsen, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Low Levels of IgM Antibodies against an Advanced Glycation Endproduct-Modified Apolipoprotein B100 Peptide Predict Cardiovascular Events in Nondiabetic Subjects.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Immunology. - : The American Association of Immunologists. - 1550-6606 .- 0022-1767. ; 195:7, s. 3020-3025
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased glucose levels are associated with the generation of advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) modifications. Interaction between AGE-modified plaque components and immune cells is believed to have an important role in the development of vascular complications in diabetes. Methylglyoxal (MGO) is one type of reactive aldehyde that gives rise to AGE modification. The present study analyzed whether autoantibodies against MGO-modified epitopes of the low-density lipoprotein apolipoprotein B (apoB) 100 predict cardiovascular events. A library consisting of 302 peptides comprising the complete apoB100 molecule was screened to identify peptides targeted by MGO-specific autoantibodies. Peptide (p) 220 (apoB amino acids 3286-3305) was identified as a major target. Baseline IgM and IgG against MGO-peptide 220 (p220) were measured in 700 individuals from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Cohort. A total of 139 cardiovascular events were registered during the 15-y follow-up period. Controlling for major cardiovascular risk factors demonstrated that subjects in the lowest tertile of MGO-p220 IgM had an increased risk for cardiovascular events (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 2.07 [1.22-3.50]; ptrend = 0.004). Interestingly, the association between MGO-p220 IgM and cardiovascular events remained and even tended to become stronger when subjects with prevalent diabetes were excluded from the analysis (2.51 [1.37-4.61]; ptrend = 0.002). MGO-p220 IgM was inversely associated with blood glucose, but not with oxidized low-density lipoprotein. Finally, we demonstrate that anti-MGO-p220 IgM is produced by B1 cells. These data show that subjects with low levels of IgM recognizing MGO-modified p220 in apoB have an increased risk to develop cardiovascular events and that this association is present in nondiabetic subjects.
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| 21. |
- Gorgen, A, et al.
(författare)
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Quadrupole moments of wobbling excitations in Lu-163
- 2004
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 69:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lifetimes of states in the triaxial strongly deformed bands of Lu-163 have been measured with the Gammasphere spectrometer using the Doppler-shift attenuation method. The bands have been interpreted as wobbling-phonon excitations from the characteristic electromagnetic properties of the transitions connecting the bands. Quadrupole moments are extracted for the zero-phonon yrast band and, for the first time, for the one-phonon wobbling band. The very similar results found for the two bands suggest a similar intrinsic structure and support the wobbling interpretation. While the in-band quadrupole moments for the bands show a decreasing trend towards higher spin, the ratio of the interband to the in-band transition strengths remains constant. Both features can be understood by a small increase in triaxiality towards higher spin. Such a change in triaxiality is also found in cranking calculations, to which the experimental results are compared.
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| 22. |
- Ingvarsson, Ragnar, et al.
(författare)
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Variations in the epidemiology of systemic lupus erythematosus in southern Sweden.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Lupus. - : SAGE Publications. - 0961-2033 .- 1477-0962.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The epidemiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) within a defined region in southern Sweden was studied during the time period 1981-2006. Furthermore, whether the phenotypic expression of SLE changed during the study period was investigated.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Luoma, M. L., et al.
(författare)
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Physical performance, toxicity, and quality of life as assessed by the physician and the patient
- 2002
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Ingår i: Acta Oncol. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 41:1, s. 44-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to study the relationship between physician-assessed quality of life parameters, i.e., toxicity and physical performance, and patients' self-reports of their quality of life (QoL). QoL was assessed at baseline and before each treatment, using the EORTC QLQ-C30. The WHO performance score (PS) and toxicity were assessed in physician interviews. The correlations between the WHO PS and the QLQ-C30 functioning scale scores varied from weak to moderate, depending on the scale. Strongest associations were found in physical-, social-, and role functioning, and in the global QoL. The QLQ-C30 nausea/vomiting and diarrhea scales correlated moderately to corresponding WHO scores. A multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the contribution of WHO PS and toxicity variables to the global QoL. The best model explained only 16% of the variance of the global QoL score. The present findings highlight the importance of independent QoL assessments focused on those aspects of QoL not captured in clinical interviews with the physician.
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| 25. |
- Mantani, Polyxeni, et al.
(författare)
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IL-25 Inhibits Atherosclerosis Development in Apolipoprotein E Deficient Mice
- 2015
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective IL-25 has been implicated in the initiation of type 2 immunity and in the protection against autoimmune inflammatory diseases. Recent studies have identified the novel innate lymphoid type 2 cells (ILC2s) as an IL-25 target cell population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if IL-25 has any influence on atherosclerosis development in mice. Methods and Results Administration of 1 mu g IL-25 per day for one week to atherosclerosis-prone apolipoprotein (apo) E deficient mice, had limited effect on the frequency of T cell populations, but resulted in a large expansion of ILC2s in the spleen. The expansion was accompanied by increased levels of anti-phosphorylcholine (PC) natural IgM antibodies in plasma and elevated levels of IL-5 in plasma and spleen. Transfer of ILC2s to apoE deficient mice elevated the natural antibody-producing B1a cell population in the spleen. Treatment of apoE/Rag-1 deficient mice with IL-25 was also associated with extensive expansion of splenic ILC2s and increased plasma IL-5, suggesting ILC2s to be the source of IL-5. Administration of IL-25 in IL-5 deficient mice resulted in an expanded ILC2 population, but did not stimulate generation of anti-PC IgM, indicating that IL-5 is not required for ILC2 expansion but for the downstream production of natural antibodies. Additionally, administration of 1 mu g IL-25 per day for 4 weeks in apoE deficient mice reduced atherosclerosis in the aorta both during initiation and progression of the disease. Conclusions The present findings demonstrate that IL-25 has a protective role in atherosclerosis mediated by innate responses, including ILC2 expansion, increased IL-5 secretion, B1a expansion and natural anti-PC IgM generation, rather than adaptive Th2 responses.
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| 26. |
- Marsh, J. C., et al.
(författare)
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Identification of triaxial strongly deformed bands in Hf-164
- 2013
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 88:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two new rotational bands of distinct character have been identified in Hf-164. They are suggested to correspond to the long-anticipated triaxial strongly deformed (TSD) bands predicted by theoretical studies. The bands have been linked to known states, and the level spins and energies could be determined. The bands are also substantially stronger in intensity and are located at lower spins than the previously observed TSD bands in Hf-168, hereby making Hf-164 the best even-even system so far for the study of TSD structures in the A similar to 160 mass region. Cranking calculations based on the modified-oscillator model suggest that the bands are associated with four-quasiparticle configurations that involve high-j intruder (i(13/2))(2) proton orbitals.
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| 27. |
- Moeller, P., et al.
(författare)
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Axial and reflection asymmetry of the nuclear ground state
- 2008
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Ingår i: Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables. - : Elsevier BV. - 0092-640X. ; 94:5, s. 758-780
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- More than a decade ago we published a calculation of nuclear ground-state masses and deformations in Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables [P. Moller, J.R. Nix, W.D. Myers, W.J. Swiatecki, At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 59 (1995) 185]. In this study, triaxial nuclear shapes were not considered. We have now enhanced our model and studied the influence of triaxial shape degrees of freedom on the nuclear ground-state potential-energy (mass) and ground-state shape. It turns out that a few hundred nuclei are affected to a varying degree with the largest effect, about 0.7 MeV, occurring near Ru-108. We provide here a table of the calculated effects of triaxial shape degrees of freedom. Although axial-asymmetry effects were not considered in the 1995 mass calculation, it did study the effects of reflection-asymmetric shape degrees of freedom (epsilon(3)) on nuclear masses. However, the magnitude of the effect was not tabulated. Here, we provide such a table. In addition we calculate the effect in a much improved fashion: we search a four-dimensional deformation space (epsilon(2), epsilon(3), epsilon(4), and epsilon(6)). This is now possible because the computational resources available to us today are more than 100,000 times better than at the time we calculated the mass table published in 1995. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 28. |
- Moeller, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Global Calculation of Nuclear Shape Isomers
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 103:21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To determine which nuclei may exhibit shape isomerism, we use a well-benchmarked macroscopic-microscopic model to calculate potential-energy surfaces as functions of spheroidal (epsilon(2)), hexadecapole (epsilon(4)), and axial-asymmetry (gamma) shape coordinates for 7206 nuclei from A=31 to A=290. We analyze these and identify the deformations and energies of all minima deeper than 0.2 MeV. These minima may correspond to characteristic experimentally observable shape-isomeric states. Shape isomers mainly occur in the A=80 region, the A=100 region, and in an extended region centered around Pb-208. We compare our model to experimental results for Kr isotopes. Moreover, in a plot versus N and Z we show for each of the 7206 nuclei the calculated number of minima. The results reveal one fairly unexplored region of shape isomerism, which is experimentally accessible, namely the region northeast of Pb-208(82).
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| 29. |
- Moeller, P., et al.
(författare)
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Nuclear shape isomers
- 2012
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Ingår i: Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables. - : Elsevier BV. - 0092-640X. ; 98:2, s. 149-300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We calculate potential-energy surfaces as functions of spheroidal (epsilon(2)), hexadecapole (epsilon(4)), and axial-asymmetry (gamma) shape coordinates for 7206 nuclei from A = 31 to A = 290. We tabulate the deformations and energies of all minima deeper than 0.2 MeV and of the saddles between all pairs of minima. The tabulation is terminated at N = 160. Our study is based on the FRLDM macroscopic-microscopic model defined in ATOMIC DATA AND NUCLEAR DATA TABLES [P. Moller, J.R. Nix, W.D. Myers, W.J. Swiatecki, At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 59 (1995) 185]. We also present potential-energy contour plots versus epsilon(2) and gamma for 1224 even-even nuclei in the region studied. We can identify nuclei for which a necessary condition for shape isomers occurs, namely multiple minima in the calculated potential-energy surface. We find that the vast majority of nuclear shape isomers occur in the A = 80 region, the A = 100 region, and in a more extended region centered around Pb-208. A calculated region of shape isomers that has so far not been extensively explored is the region of neutron-deficient actinides "north-east" of (208)pb. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 30. |
- Moller, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Global calculations of ground-state axial shape asymmetry of nuclei
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 97:16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Important insight into the symmetry properties of the nuclear ground-state (gs) shape is obtained from the characteristics of low-lying collective energy-level spectra. In the 1950s, experimental and theoretical studies showed that in the gs many nuclei are spheroidal in shape rather than spherical. Later, a hexadecapole component of the gs shape was identified. In the 1970-1995 time frame, a consensus that reflection symmetry of the gs shape was broken for some nuclei emerged. Here we present the first calculation across the nuclear chart of axial symmetry breaking in the nuclear gs. We show that we fulfill a necessary condition: Where we calculate axial symmetry breaking, characteristic gamma bands are observed experimentally. Moreover, we find that, for those nuclei where axial asymmetry is found, a systematic deviation between calculated and measured masses is removed.
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| 31. |
- Moller, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Heavy-element fission barriers
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 79:6
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present calculations of fission properties for heavy elements. The calculations are based on the macroscopic-microscopic finite-range liquid-drop model with a 2002 parameter set. For each nucleus we have calculated the potential energy in three different shape parametrizations: (1) for 5 009 325 different shapes in a five-dimensional deformation space given by the three-quadratic-surface parametrization, (2) for 10 850 different shapes in a three-dimensional deformation space spanned by epsilon(2), epsilon(4), and gamma in the Nilsson perturbed-spheroid parametrization, supplemented by a densely spaced grid in epsilon(2), epsilon(3), epsilon(4), and epsilon(6) for axially symmetric deformations in the neighborhood of the ground state, and (3) an axially symmetric multipole expansion of the shape of the nuclear surface using beta(2), beta(3), beta(4), and beta(6) for intermediate deformations. For a fissioning system, it is always possible to define uniquely one saddle or fission threshold on the optimum trajectory between the ground state and separated fission fragments. We present such calculated barrier heights for 1585 nuclei from Z=78 to Z=125. Traditionally, actinide barriers have been characterized in terms of a "double-humped" structure. Following this custom we present calculated energies of the first peak, second minimum, and second peak in the barrier for 135 actinide nuclei from Th to Es. However, for some of these nuclei which exhibit a more complex barrier structure, there is no unique way to extract a double-humped structure from the calculations. We give examples of such more complex structures, in particular the structure of the outer barrier region near Th-232 and the occurrence of multiple fission modes. Because our complete results are too extensive to present in a paper of this type, our aim here is limited: (1) to fully present our model and the methods for determining the structure of the potential-energy surface, (2) to present fission thresholds for a large number of heavy elements, (3) to compare our results with the two-humped barrier structure deduced from experiment for actinide nuclei, and (4) to compare to additional fission-related data and other fission models..
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Nived, Ola, et al.
(författare)
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Disease duration, age at diagnosis and organ damage are important factors for cardiovascular disease in SLE
- 2020
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Ingår i: Lupus science & medicine. - : BMJ. - 2053-8790. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To report the incidence rate ratios (IRR) of acute myocardial infarctions (AMI) and cerebrovascular events (CVE) in incident SLE cases from a defined population. To study the risk factors for cardiovascular events in all patients with SLE at our unit.METHODS: Patients with SLE diagnosed from 1981 to 2006 were followed through to 2016. IRRs of AMI and CVE were calculated. The AMI and CVE incidence patterns for patients with SLE were studied in relation to hypertension, smoking, renal dysfunction, anticardiolipin (aCL) antibodies at diagnosis, disease duration and organ damage before an event.RESULTS: 262 patients with SLE were included in the study; of these 175 were from the defined population. Overall, 37 AMI and 44 CVE were recorded. An increased IRR of 3 for AMI was found (p<0.001). Smoking, hypertension and reduced renal function were risk factors for AMI. An increased IRR of 3.3 for ischaemic CVE was found for women (p<0.001). Hypertension and aCL were risk factors for CVE. Organ damage before events was increased.CONCLUSIONS: Cardiovascular events are increased in SLE and are associated with hypertension, smoking and increased damage rate.
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| 34. |
- Nordin Fredrikson, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between autoantibodies against apolipoprotein B-100 peptides and vascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-0428 .- 0012-186X. ; 52, s. 1426-1433
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Oxidation of LDL in the arterial extracellular matrix is a key event in the development of atherosclerosis and autoantibodies against oxidised LDL antigens reflect disease severity and the risk of developing acute cardiovascular events. Since type 2 diabetes is associated with increased oxidative stress, we tested the hypothesis that autoantibodies against oxidised LDL antigens are biomarkers for vascular complications in diabetes. METHODS: We studied 497 patients with type 2 diabetes without clinical signs of coronary heart disease. Oxidised LDL autoantibodies were determined by ELISA detecting IgG and IgM specific for native and malondialdehyde (MDA)-modified apolipoprotein B-100 peptides p45 and p210. The severity of coronary disease was assessed as the coronary artery calcium score. RESULTS: Patients affected by retinopathy had significantly higher levels of IgG against MDA-p45 and MDA-p210. In contrast, high levels of autoantibodies against the corresponding native peptides were associated with less coronary calcification and a lower risk of progression of coronary disease. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Our observations suggest that LDL oxidation is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy and that autoantibodies against apolipoprotein B peptides may act as biomarkers for both micro- and macrovascular complications in diabetes.
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| 35. |
- Olivius, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Interpretation of single-particle level diagrams in tilted rotation of the atomic nucleus
- 2004
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 69:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the generalization of the cranking model from rotation about a principal axis [one dimensional (1D)] to tilted rotation (2D and 3D), the mapping of the lowest total routhian on the yrast band is broken. In tilted rotation the single-particle energy diagrams cannot alone be used to construct the yrast band, because they lack information of the spin component perpendicular to the rotation axis. In fact, in tilted rotation the yrast band for high spin can correspond to high particle-hole excitations in the rotating frame.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Rudolph, Dirk, et al.
(författare)
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Isospin and Deformation Studies in the Odd-odd N = Z Nucleus 54Co
- 2010
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 82:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-spin states in the odd-odd N = Z nucleus Co-54 have been investigated by the fusion-evaporation reaction Si-28(S-32,1 alpha 1p1n)Co-54. Gamma-ray information gathered with the Ge detector array Gammasphere was correlated with evaporated particles detected in the charged particle detector system Microball and a 1 pi neutron detector array. A significantly extended excitation scheme of Co-54 is presented, which includes a candidate for the isospin T = 1, 6(+) state of the 1f(7/2)(-2) multiplet. The results are compared to large-scale shell-model calculations in the fp shell. Effective interactions with and without isospin-breaking terms have been used to probe isospin symmetry and isospin mixing. A quest for deformed high-spin rotational cascades proved negative. This feature is discussed by means of cranking calculations.
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| 38. |
- Schnack-Petersen, H, et al.
(författare)
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Superdeformed triaxial bands in Lu-163,165
- 1995
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Ingår i: Nuclear Physics A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0375-9474. ; 594:2, s. 175-202
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An experimental investigation of the nucleus 165Lu, using the reactions 138Ba(31P,4n) 165Lu and 150Sm(19F,4n) 165Lu at beam energies of E = 155 and 95 MeV, respectively, has been performed. Among other additions to the existing level scheme, a new band, with transition energies almost identical to a strongly deformed (β2 0.42) πi13/2[660 1/2+] band recently discovered in 163Lu has been established. A theoretical analysis of the structure of the two Lu isotopes, 165Lu and 163Lu is carried out by detailed calculations of total potential energy surfaces for specific configurations. By a diabatic treatment of crossings specific proton configurations as πi13/2[660 1/2+] are identified throughout the deformation space and as a function of spin. It is found as a general feature that well deformed local minima of considerable nonaxial symmetry coexist with a normal deformed global minimum. The depth of these local minima depend on configuration. The structure of the different global and local minima found in these surfaces are analysed and discussed in terms of occupation of available basis configurations and their orientation relative to the rotation axis. The strongly deformed minima are found to belong to a group of superdeformed triaxial structures, expected to appear at low energies for certain favourable combinations of proton and neutron numbers.
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| 39. |
- Schonwasser, G, et al.
(författare)
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Lifetimes of triaxial superdeformed states in Lu-163 and Lu-164
- 2002
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001. ; 13:3, s. 291-296
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lifetimes of states in the yrast superdeformed bands of Lu-163 and Lu-164 were determined in a Doppler-shift attenuation-method experiment. From fractional Doppler shifts and line shapes, average transition quadrupole moments, Q(t) = 8.2(-0.6)(+1.0) b and 7.1(-0.6)(+0.5) 1), were deduced for one of the bands in Lu-163 OX -0.6 and Lu-164, respectively. These values are much larger than the quadrupole moment of the normal-deformed yrast band in Yb-163, Q(t) = 4.9(-0.4)(+1.34) b, that was also determined in this experiment. Comparison to cranking calculations indicates that both superdeformed bands correspond to a local potential energy minimum with a pronounced triaxiality, gamma similar to 20degrees.
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| 40. |
- Uhrenholt, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Particle number projection in the macroscopic-microscopic approach
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nuclear Physics, Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0375-9474. ; 784:1-4, s. 104-146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We perform nuclear ground-state pairing calculations with the monopole pairing interaction. The particle number fluctuations are taken into account by the particle number projection method, with variation after projection. The pairing-correction energies obtained in this approach are compared to the BCS-model results. We discuss extensively how to properly incorporate different pairing models in global macroscopic-microscopic nuclear mass calculations. A method to calculate the smoothly changing part of the particle number projected energy is developed based on the Strutinsky procedure, making it possible to extract a pairing-shell energy. The behavior of the different pairing models is investigated in detail in the nuclei Er-164 and Tm-165. Calculations are then performed along the beta-stability line and for several isotope and isotone chains from the proton drip-line to the neutron drip-line. The single-particle energy levels used are obtained from two different single-particle potentials: the folded-Yukawa and the modified-harmonic oscillator potentials. The pairing calculations in the two potentials differ slightly in the fine-structure but the overall results are very similar. When comparing the particle number projected model and the BCS model it is found that the pairing-shell energy is quite insensitive to which microscopic pairing model is used. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 41. |
- Villman, Kenneth, et al.
(författare)
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TOP2A and HER2 gene amplification as predictors of response to anthracycline treatment in breast cancer
- 2006
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Ingår i: Acta Oncol. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 45:5, s. 590-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to evaluate amplification of topoisomerase IIalpha (TOP2A) and HER2 genes as predictors of response to chemotherapy in advanced breast cancer. Gene copy number of TOP2A and HER2 were analysed with chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) on paraffin-embedded tissue sections from the primary tumour of 85 patients treated with anthracycline containing chemotherapy. TOP2A gene amplification was present in 14 (16%) and HER2 gene amplification in 38 (45%) of the primary tumours. Two of the 14 cases with TOP2A amplification were amplified without concurrent HER2 amplification. Neither TOP2A nor HER2 gene amplification were significantly associated with response to chemotherapy (p = 0.35 and p = 0.49, respectively).
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| 42. |
- Yadav, R. B., et al.
(författare)
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Identification of triaxial strongly deformed bands in Hf-168
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 78:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Possible decay pathways associated with three candidates for triaxial strongly deformed (TSD) bands in Hf-168 have been investigated. The spin and excitation energy of the strongest band, TSD1, were determined approximately based on gamma-ray coincidence relationships. Discrete links were established for the second band. The overall agreement between the observed properties of the bands and cranking calculations using the ULTIMATE CRANKER code provides strong support for an interpretation where band TSD1 is associated with a TSD minimum, (epsilon(2),gamma)similar to(0.43,20(degrees)), involving the pi(i(13/2))(2) and the nu(j(15/2)) high-j orbitals. This constitutes the first identification of a TSD band in Hf isotopes, which has been long-predicted by theoretical studies. The second band is understood as being associated with a near-prolate shape and a deformation enhanced with respect to the normal deformed bands. It is proposed to be built on the pi(i(13/2)h(9/2))circle times nu(i(13/2))(2) configuration.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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