| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Jansson, Sven-Arne, et al.
(författare)
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Health-related quality of life, assessed with a disease-specific questionnaire, in Swedish adults suffering from well-diagnosed food allergy to staple foods
- 2013
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Ingår i: Clinical and Translational Allergy. - : Wiley. - 2045-7022. ; 3:21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundOur aim was to investigate the factors that affect health related quality of life (HRQL) in adult Swedish food allergic patients objectively diagnosed with allergy to at least one of the staple foods cow’s milk, hen’s egg or wheat. The number of foods involved, the type and severity of symptoms, as well as concomitant allergic disorders were assessed.MethodsThe disease-specific food allergy quality of life questionnaire (FAQLQ-AF), developed within EuroPrevall, was utilized. The questionnaire had four domains: Allergen Avoidance and Dietary Restrictions (AADR), Emotional Impact (EI), Risk of Accidental Exposure (RAE) and Food Allergy related Health (FAH). Comparisons were made with the outcome of the generic questionnaire EuroQol Health Questionnaire, 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D). The patients were recruited at an outpatient allergy clinic, based on a convincing history of food allergy supplemented by analysis of specific IgE to the foods in question. Seventy-nine patients participated (28 males, 51 females, mean-age 41 years).ResultsThe domain with the most negative impact on HRQL was AADR, assessing the patients’ experience of dietary restrictions. The domain with the least negative impact on HRQL was FAH, relating to health concerns due to the food allergy. One third of the patients had four concomitant allergic disorders, which had a negative impact on HRQL. Furthermore, asthma in combination with food allergy had a strong impact. Anaphylaxis, and particularly prescription of an epinephrine auto-injector, was associated with low HRQL. These effects were not seen using EQ-5D. Analyses of the symptoms revealed that oral allergy syndrome and cardiovascular symptoms had the greatest impact on HRQL. In contrast, no significant effect on HRQL was seen by the number of food allergies.ConclusionsThe FAQLQ-AF is a valid instrument, and more accurate among patients with allergy to staple foods in comparison to the commonly used generic EQ-5D. It adds important information on HRQL in food allergic adults. We found that the restrictions imposed on the patients due to the diet had the largest negative impact on HRQL. Both severity of the food allergy and the presence of concomitant allergic disorders had a profound impact on HRQL.
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| 3. |
- Pettersson, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Muscular exercise can cause highly pathological liver function tests in healthy men.
- 2008
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Ingår i: British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. - : Wiley. - 1365-2125 .- 0306-5251. ; 65:2, s. 253-259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- What is already known about this subject • The occurrence of idiosyncratic drug hepatotoxicity is a major problem in all phases of clinical drug development and the leading cause of postmarketing warnings and withdrawals. • Physical exercise can result in transient elevations of liver function tests. • There is no consensus in the literature on which forms of exercise may cause changes in liver function tests and to what extent. What this study adds • Weightlifting results in profound increases in liver function tests in healthy men used to moderate physical activity, not including weightlifting. • Liver function tests are significantly increased for at least 7 days after weightlifting. • It is important to impose relevant restrictions on heavy muscular exercise prior to and during clinical studies. Aim To investigate the effect of intensive muscular exercise (weightlifting) on clinical chemistry parameters reflecting liver function in healthy men. Methods Fifteen healthy men, used to moderate physical activity not including weightlifting, performed an 1 h long weightlifting programme. Blood was sampled for clinical chemistry parameters [aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LD), gamma-glutamyl transferase (γGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin, creatine kinase (CK) and myoglobin] at repeated intervals during 7 days postexercise and at a follow-up examination 10–12 days postexercise. Results Five out of eight studied clinical chemistry parameters (AST, ALT, LD, CK and myoglobin) increased significantly after exercise (P < 0.01) and remained increased for at least 7 days postexercise. Bilirubin, γGT and ALP remained within the normal range. Conclusion The liver function parameters, AST and ALT, were significantly increased for at least 7 days after the exercise. In addition, LD and, in particular, CK and myoglobin showed highly elevated levels. These findings highlight the importance of imposing restrictions on weightlifting prior to and during clinical studies. Intensive muscular exercise, e.g. weightlifting, should also be considered as a cause of asymptomatic elevations of liver function tests in daily clinical practice.
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| 4. |
- Protudjer, Jennifer L. P., et al.
(författare)
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Household Costs Associated with Objectively Diagnosed Allergy to Staple Foods in Children and Adolescents
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology-In Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-2198 .- 2213-2201. ; 3:1, s. 68-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: We previously reported that indirect and intangible costs burden households with a food allergic adult. We now extend our investigation to households with food allergic children and adolescents. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to estimate direct, indirect, and intangible costs of food allergy in households with a child and/or adolescent with objectively diagnosed allergy to staple foods (cow's milk, hen's egg, and/or wheat), and to compare these costs with age-and sex-matched controls. METHODS: Direct and indirect cost parent-reported data collected via the Food Allergy Socio-Economic Questionnaire of 84 children (0-12 years) and 60 adolescents (13-17 years) with objectively diagnosed allergy to staple foods ("cases") and age- and sex-matched controls (n = 94 children; n = 56 adolescents) were compared. Annual household costs were calculated. Total household costs included direct plus indirect costs. Intangible costs included parent-reported health of their child and/or adolescent, standard of living, and perceptions of well-being. RESULTS: Amongst cases, total household costs were higher by (sic)3961 for children and (sic)4792 for adolescents versus controls (P < .05), and were driven by direct (eg, medications) and indirect (eg, time with health care professionals) costs. For children only, a history of anaphylaxis was associated with higher direct costs than no anaphylaxis ((sic)13,016 vs (sic)10,044, P < .05). Intangible costs (eg, parent-reported health of a child and/or adolescent) were significantly impacted amongst cases versus controls (P < .01). CONCLUSION: Households with a child and/or adolescent with objectively diagnosed allergy to staple foods have higher total household costs than controls. Direct and indirect costs were significantly higher for cases versus controls amongst children only. Amongst both age groups, such allergy adversely impacted intangible costs. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology.
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| 5. |
- Protudjer, Jennifer Lisa Penner, et al.
(författare)
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Impaired health-related quality of life in adolescents with allergy to staple foods
- 2016
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Ingår i: Clinical and Translational Allergy. - : Wiley. - 2045-7022. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Cow's milk, hen's egg and wheat are staple foods in a typical western diet. Despite the ubiquity of these foods, the impact of staple food allergy on health-related quality of life (HRQL) amongst adolescents is incompletely understood. The aims of this study were to make use of the Swedish version of EuroPrevall's disease-specific food allergy quality of life questionnaire-teenager form (FAQLQ-TF) and to investigate the association between objectively-diagnosed staple food allergy and HRQL amongst adolescents. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 58 adolescents aged 13-17 years [n = 40 (69 %) boys] with objectively-diagnosed allergy to the staple foods cow's milk, hen's egg and/or wheat and living in Stockholm, Sweden were included. Adolescents completed the FAQLQ-TF, which has a corresponding scale of 1 = best HRQL, and 7 = worst HRQL. Overall HRQL and domain-specific HRQL were established. Adolescents also reported symptoms, adrenaline auto injector (AAI) prescription and presence of other food allergies. A history of anaphylaxis was defined among those reporting difficulty breathing, inability to stand/collapse, and/or loss of consciousness. Clinically different HRQL was set at a mean difference of >= 0.5. Results: Overall mean HRQL was poorer than average [mean: 4.70/7.00 (95 % CI 4.30-5.01)]. The domain risk of accidental exposure was significantly associated with clinically better HRQL than the domain allergen avoidance and dietary restrictions (mean difference = 0.76; p < 0.001). Girls had clinically worse, but not statistically significantly different mean HRQL than boys (mean difference = 0.71; p < 0.07). HRQL tended to be worse amongst those with allergies to more than three foods or an AAI prescription. The number and types of symptoms, including a history of anaphylaxis were not associated with worse HRQL. Conclusions: As ascertained via a food allergy-specific questionnaire, adolescents with staple food allergy report poorer than average HRQL, specifically in relation to emerging independence and the need for support. Girls have clinically worse HRQL than boys. The number and type of previous symptoms and history of anaphylaxis were not associated with worse HRQL.
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| 6. |
- Abdel-Motal, Ussama M., et al.
(författare)
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Major histocompatibility complex class I binding glycopeptides for the estimation of 'empty' class I molecules
- 1995
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Ingår i: Journal of Immunological Methods. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-1759. ; 188:1, s. 21-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Different forms of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I heavy chains are known to be expressed on the cell surface, including molecules which are functionally 'empty'. Direct peptide binding to cells is obvious during sensitization of target cells in vitro for cytotoxic T lymphocyte killing and 'empty' MHC-I molecules are comparatively abundant on TAP- 1 2 peptide transporter mutant cells. In the present work we have estimated the fraction of 'empty' MHC class I molecules using glycosylated peptides and cellular staining with carbohydrate specific monoclonal antibodies. Synthetic Db and Kb binding peptides were coupled at different positions with different di- or trisaccharides, using different spacing between the carbohydrate and the peptide backbone. Binding of sugar specific mAbs was compared in ELISA and cellular assays. An optimal Db binding glycopeptide was used for comparative staining with anti-Db and anti-carbohydrate monoclonal antibodies to estimate fractions of 'empty' molecules on different T lymphoid cells. On activated normal T cells, a large fraction of Db molecules were found to be 'empty'. The functional cole of such 'empty' MHC class I molecules on T cells is presently unclear. However, on antigen presenting cells they might participate in the antigen presentation process.
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| 7. |
- Aboagye, Emmanuel, et al.
(författare)
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Manual therapy versus advice to stay active for nonspecific back and/or neck pain : A cost-effectiveness analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Chiropractic and Manual Therapies. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-709X. ; 30:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Low back and neck pain are the most common musculoskeletal disorders worldwide, and imply suffering and substantial societal costs, hence effective interventions are crucial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of manual therapy compared with advice to stay active for working age persons with nonspecific back and/or neck pain.METHODS: The two interventions were: a maximum of 6 manual therapy sessions within 6 weeks, including spinal manipulation/mobilization, massage and stretching, performed by a naprapath (index group), respectively information from a physician on the importance to stay active and on how to cope with pain, according to evidence-based advice, at 2 occasions within 3 weeks (control group). A cost-effectiveness analysis with a societal perspective was performed alongside a randomized controlled trial including 409 persons followed for one year, in 2005. The outcomes were health-related Quality of Life (QoL) encoded from the SF-36 and pain intensity. Direct and indirect costs were calculated based on intervention and medication costs and sickness absence data. An incremental cost per health related QoL was calculated, and sensitivity analyses were performed.RESULTS: The difference in QoL gains was 0.007 (95% CI - 0.010 to 0.023) and the mean improvement in pain intensity was 0.6 (95% CI 0.068-1.065) in favor of manual therapy after one year. Concerning the QoL outcome, the differences in mean cost per person was estimated at - 437 EUR (95% CI - 1302 to 371) and for the pain outcome the difference was - 635 EUR (95% CI - 1587 to 246) in favor of manual therapy. The results indicate that manual therapy achieves better outcomes at lower costs compared with advice to stay active. The sensitivity analyses were consistent with the main results.CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that manual therapy for nonspecific back and/or neck pain is slightly less costly and more beneficial than advice to stay active for this sample of working age persons. Since manual therapy treatment is at least as cost-effective as evidence-based advice from a physician, it may be recommended for neck and low back pain. Further health economic studies that may confirm those findings are warranted. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN56954776. Retrospectively registered 12 September 2006, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN56954776 .
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| 8. |
- Alexandersson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Producing and consuming knowledge in social work practice: research and development activities in a Swedish context
- 2009
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Ingår i: Evidence & Policy. - : Bristol University Press. - 1744-2648 .- 1744-2656. ; 5:2, s. 127-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents various forms of activities performed by locally based social welfare research and development (R&D) units in Sweden. The authors argue that these units are vital actors in the field of encouraging and strengthening evidence-based social work practice. They are close to social services organisations and have the ability to use flexible methods in order to bridge the gap between research and practice in a local context. The theoretical framework for the article is the organisational excellence model – an archetype for how research can be used in practice.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Arnell, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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The genetics of primary nocturnal enuresis: inheritance and suggestion of a second major gene on chromosome 12q
- 1997
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Genetics. - : BMJ. - 0022-2593 .- 1468-6244. ; 34:5, s. 360-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE), or bedwetting at night, affects approximately 10% of 6 year old children. Genetic components contribute to the pathogenesis and recently one locus was assigned to chromosome 13q. We evaluated the genetic factors and the pattern of inheritance for PNE in 392 families. Dominant transmission was observed in 43% and an apparent recessive mode of inheritance was observed in 9% of the families. Among the 392 probands the ratio of males to females was 3:1 indicating sex linked or sex influenced factors. Linkage to candidate regions was tested in 16 larger families segregating for autosomal dominant PNE. A gene for PNE was excluded from chromosome 13q in 11 families, whereas linkage to the interval D13S263-D13S291 was suggested (Zmax = 2.1) in three families. Further linkage analyses excluded about 1/3 of the genome at a 10 cM resolution except the region around D12S80 on chromosome 12q that showed a positive two point lod score in six of the families (Zmax = 4.2). This locus remains suggestive because the material was not sufficiently large to give evidence for heterogeneity. Our pedigree analysis indicates that major genes are involved in a large proportion of PNE families and the linkage results suggest that such a gene is located on chromosome 12q.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Bengtsson, Anton, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of thermal processing on the in vitro bioaccessibility and microstructure of beta-carotene in orange-fleshed sweet potato
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0021-8561 .- 1520-5118. ; 58:20, s. 11090-11096
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects of different preparation methods on the bioaccessibility of beta-carotene in orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP), an important food crop in sub-Saharan Africa, have been evaluated using an in vitro digestion procedure. The preparation methods included, on fresh roots, boiling followed by pureeing and oil addition (BOL) and homogenization followed by boiling and oil addition (HOM); on milled flour from freeze-dried fresh roots, cooking of porridge followed by oil addition (POA) and oil addition to flour followed by cooking of porridge (POB). The retention of all-trans-beta-carotene ranged from 58% (POB) to 72% (BOL). The presence of oil during heating resulted in a significantly higher formation of 13-cis-beta-carotene for the POB-treated samples than for the other samples. The efficiency of micellarization of all-trans-beta-carotene after in vitro digestion was 50% (HOM), 48% (POB), 31% (POA), and 16% (BOL). Brightfield microscopy of the cell structure after processing and in vitro digestion showed a high degree of cell-wall rupture for the HOM-treated samples, whereas cells appeared intact for the BOL samples. Also, coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy showed smaller beta-carotene bodies residing in the HOM samples than in the BOL samples after digestion. These results suggest that the in vitro bioaccessibility of beta-carotene in an OFSP meal can be improved by processing methods that promote cell-wall rupture.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Bengtsson, Anton, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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In vitro bioaccessibility of beta-carotene from heat-processed orange-fleshed sweet potato
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0021-8561 .- 1520-5118. ; 57:20, s. 9693-9698
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) is currently promoted in parts of sub-Saharan Africa as a biofortified staple food with large potential to provide considerable amounts of provitamin A carotenoids. However, the bioaccessibility of provitamin A carotenoids from OFSP has not been widely investigated, especially not as an effect of different preparation methods. In this study, we used an in vitro digestion model to assess the bioaccessibility of beta-carotene from differently heat-processed OFSP. The fraction of carotenoids transferred from the food matrix to a micellar phase obtained after microfiltration and to a supernatant obtained after low-speed centrifugation was investigated. The percentage of accessible all-trans-beta-carotene in the micellar phase varied between 0.5 and 1.1% in the heat-processed OFSP without fat and between 11 and 22% with the addition of 2.5% (w/w) cooking oil. In comparison with the micellar phase, the percentage of accessible all-trans-beta-carotene in the supernatant phase was significantly higher (P
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| 18. |
- Bengtsson, Anna, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-view carotid ultrasound is stronger associated with cardiovascular risk factors than presence of plaque or single carotid intima media thickness measurements in subclinical atherosclerosis
- 2023
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging. - : Springer Nature. - 1569-5794 .- 1875-8312. ; 39:8, s. 1461-1471
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We aimed to explore the prevalence of atherosclerosis by using multi-view ultrasound examination of the carotid arteries and its association with clinical risk factors in a middle-aged population at low to intermediate risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Carotid vascular ultrasound was performed in 3532 participants in the VIPVIZA trial. Mean and maximal carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) at prespecified angles and plaque presence were examined on the left and right side. Associations between CVD risk factors and ultrasound variables were quantified by partial least squares (PLS) regression. A combined ultrasound variable was computed using weights of the first PLS component. Associations between CVD risk factors and the combined multi-view ultrasound variable, single cIMT and plaque measurements, respectively, were determined using linear regression modelling. The participants’ mean age was 55.7 years and 52.9% were women. Plaque prevalence was 51.1% in men and 39.0% in women. cIMT was higher in men than in women and in the left compared with the right carotid artery. The strongest association of CVD risk factors was observed with the combined multi-view ultrasound variable (R2 = 24%), compared with single cIMT variables (R2 = 14–18%) and plaque presence (R2 = 15%). The pattern was similar in both sexes. The association with CVD risk factors and the combined ultrasound variable was stronger in 40-year olds (R2 = 22%) compared with 50- or 60-year olds (R = 12%). CVD risk factors are stronger associated with a combined ultrasound variable than plaque presence or single cIMT measures suggesting that carotid multi-view ultrasonography better captures the focality of early atherosclerosis. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01849575. May 8, 2013.
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| 19. |
- Bengtsson, Anna, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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The beneficial effect over 3 years by pictorial information to patients and their physician about subclinical atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk : results from the VIPVIZA randomized clinical trial
- 2021
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Ingår i: American Journal of Preventive Cardiology. - : Elsevier. - 2666-6677. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Non-adherence to guidelines and preventive measures is a major challenge, particularly so to ob- tain long-term adherence to lifestyle changes and recommended medication. The objective was to investigate if pictorial information regarding subclinical carotid atherosclerosis provided to individuals and physicians gave sustained effects on cardiovascular risk beyond the previously reported effect after 1 year and up to 3 years. Methods: A Prospective Randomized Open Blinded End-point (PROBE) trial. Within a CVD prevention program in Västerbotten County, Sweden, 3532 healthy individuals aged 40, 50 or 60 years were enrolled and 1:1 ran- domized to intervention ( n = 1749; pictorial information with additional prevention materials to participants and physicians) or control group ( n = 1783; no pictorial information to participants and physicians). Preventive measures were managed within primary care. Participants were investigated at baseline during 2013–2016 and at follow-up after 1 and 3 years. Results: A beneficial effect on cardiovascular risk was observed at 3-year follow-up; Framingham Risk Score (FRS) was 13.38 for the intervention group and 14.08 for the control group ( p = 0.047) and SCORE was 1.69 vs. 1.82 ( p = 0.022). The effect observed at 1-year was sustained over 3 years after adjustment for sex and education and more pronounced among participants with a severe atherosclerotic picture at baseline.Conclusions: This study provides evidence of sustained beneficial effects on the adherence to prevention guidelines over 3 years of pictorial information about subclinical carotid atherosclerosis, resulting in lower cardiovascular risk regardless of sex and educational level. Direct visualization of the underlying still subclinical atherosclerotic disease, rather than just indirect information about risk factors and statistical risk of future myocardial infarction, stroke and death, is one way to tackle the problem of non-adherence to prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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| 20. |
- Bengtsson, Bertil, et al.
(författare)
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Miljöbalken : en kommentar
- 2012
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Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Detta är en utförlig, paragrafvis, kommentar till miljöbalken som trädde i kraft den 1 juli 1999.– Kapitel 1-6 innehåller kommentarer till de övergripande bestämmelserna som reglerar alla verksamheter och åtgärder som har anknytning till miljöbalkens tillämpningsområde.– Kapitel 7-8 kommenterar naturvårdslagstiftningen och föreskrifter om skyddsområden.– Kapitel 9-15 kommenterar reglerna om miljöfarlig verksamhet, förorenade områden, vattenverksamhet, kemiska produkter samt avfall och producentansvar.– Kapitel 31-33 kommenterar reglerna om ersättning och skadestånd m.m.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Bengtsson, Bengt Olle, et al.
(författare)
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Vägens början
- 2005
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Ingår i: Kunskapens vägar och forskningens praktik. - 9179241964 ; , s. 141-151
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 24. |
- Bengtsson Boström, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Interaction between the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism and obstructive sleep apnoea as a mechanism for hypertension
- 2007
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Ingår i: J Hypertens. - 0263-6352. ; 25:4, s. 779-783
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) confers a risk of hypertension and cardiovascular complications. Both the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and OSA are important determinants of blood pressure, but it is not fully known how they interact. The aim of this study was to explore the interaction between the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and OSA in the association with hypertension. DESIGN: A community-based, case-control design with hypertensive patients in primary care (n = 157) and normotensive population controls (n = 181). METHODS: All subjects underwent ambulatory polysomnography during one night. OSA was defined by a minimum of 10 apnoea/hypopnoea events per hour. Office blood pressure was measured and hypertension status was assessed. The genotypes were determined using polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: An interaction analysis including sex, ACE I/D polymorphism (DD and ID versus II), and OSA identified a significant interaction between OSA and the ACE I/D polymorphism: odds ratio (OR) 6.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.8-22.5, P = 0.004 as well as between OSA and sex: OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.1-9.6, P = 0.033. OSA was significantly associated with hypertension in men but not in women. CONCLUSION: The interaction between the ACE gene I/D polymorphism and OSA appears to be an important mechanism in the development of hypertension, particularly in men.
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| 25. |
- Bengtsson Boström, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Polymorphism in the angiotensin converting enzyme but not in the angiotensinogen gene is associated with hypertension and type 2 diabetes: the Skaraborg Hypertension and diabetes project
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of Hypertension. - 1473-5598. ; 17:11, s. 1569-1575
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To study the association between polymorphisms in the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene and angiotensinogen (AGT) gene and hypertension and/or type 2 diabetes in a community population. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphism of the ACE gene and the M235T polymorphism of the AGT gene were genotyped in 773 nondiabetic individuals with hypertension, 193 normotensive patients with type 2 diabetes, 243 patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension, and in 820 normotensive control individuals identified in a community-based study. RESULTS: The DD genotype was associated with hypertension in individuals less than 70 years [odds ratio (OR) = 1.54, confidence interval (CI) = 1.09-2.18] and remained so when patients with type 2 diabetes were excluded from the analysis (OR = 1.45, CI = 1.01-2.09). The strongest association was with the combination of type 2 diabetes and hypertension (OR = 2.19, CI = 1.09-4.38). There was no association with type 2 diabetes without hypertension. No association was observed between the M235T variant or the 3'-microsatellite polymorphism of the AGT gene and hypertension. CONCLUSION: The D-allele of the ACE gene ID polymorphism increases susceptibility to hypertension, particularly when associated with type 2 diabetes. No association was observed between the M235T variant or 3'-microsatellite polymorphism of the AGT gene and hypertension.
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| 26. |
- Bengtsson Boström, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Polymorphisms in α- And β-adrenergic receptor genes, hypertension, and obstructive sleep apnea : The skaraborg sleep study
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Hypertension. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-0384 .- 2090-0392. ; 2010
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sympathetic nervous system and the adrenergic receptors play an important role in regulation of blood pressure. This study explored the associations between functional polymorphisms of the α 2B -, β 1 -, and β 2 -adrenergic receptor genes and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in hypertensive patients and hypertension in patients with OSA in a populationbased sample of 157 hypertensive patients and 181 healthy control subjects. Only the Arg389Gly polymorphism of the β 1 -adrenergic receptor gene was associated with increased risk for mild OSA in hypertensive patients (Arg/Arg versus Gly/Arg/Gly/Gly, 2.1, 95% CI, 1.02-4.7). Hypertensive men carrying the Arg389Arg genotype had higher crude and age-adjusted AHI than carriers of the Arg389Gly/Gly389Gly genotypes. When adjusted also for BMI this difference became borderline significant. This difference was not observed in women. The risk of hypertension in mild OSA was associated with increasing number of Arg-alleles (Arg/Arg OR 5.4, 95 CI 1.4-21.2).
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| 27. |
- Bengtsson, Elias, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Identifying systemically important banks in Sweden – what do quantitative indicators tell us?
- 2013
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Ingår i: Sveriges Riksbank economic review. - Stockholm : Swedish National Bank. - 2001-029X. ; :2, s. 50-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The global nancial crisis has led to an increased focus on identifying systemically-important nancial institutions and on assessing to what extent they contribute to risks in the nancial system. However, producing an identi cation method is complicated and associated with several dif cult choices. This article provides some guidance on how to design methods for identifying systemically-important banks in Sweden. Both simple and advanced indicators are used. One conclusion is that the systemic importance of the four major Swedish banks varies considerably over time. It is also apparent that the different indicators can provide different results for the ranking of systemically- important banks, despite the fact that each indicator in itself provides a rather constant ranking over time. The different indicators of systemic importance should therefore be able to complement each other to a great degree. This suggests that several different indicators may be needed when assessing the risks in individual banks and the system as a whole.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Bengtsson, Johanna, 1985-
(författare)
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The impact of cytochrome P4501-inhibitors on aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) best known as a ligand-activated transcription factor that mediates toxic responses to xenobiotics such as dioxins, is also activated by certain endogenous compounds. Activation of the AHR up-regulates transcription of a large number of genes, including those encoding members of the cytochrome P450 1 family of enzymes (CYP1s). Although the AHR has been shown to be involved in several normal processes, its physiological role remains elusive. The endogenous ligand 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ), formed from tryptophan, is present in cell culture media and biological specimens. FICZ is an excellent substrate for CYP1 enzymes and together FICZ/AHR/CYP1A1 interactions constitute an auto regulatory feedback loop that controls AHR signaling. A vast number of compounds that inhibit CYP1 enzymes have been reported to be AHR activators, even though they have little or no affinity for the receptor. We hypothesized, that their agonistic effects are dependent on the presence of background levels of FICZ. To test this, AHR signaling in different cell systems exposed to FICZ and/or inhibitors was assessed by measuring EROD activity and CYP1A1 transcription. In addition to a commercial culture medium, a medium free of background levels of FICZ was used. Activation of AHR by of a diverse set of CYP1A1 inhibitors did require FICZ in the culture medium. Furthermore, the compounds tested both prolonged and potentiated FICZ-induced receptor signaling. On the basis of these observations we propose that a compound may activate AHR signaling indirectly by inhibiting CYP1A1 and thereby attenuating the metabolism of FICZ. This mechanism was confirmed for certain polyphenols and pharmaceuticals. Surprisingly, the activating capacity and potentiating effect of two pharmaceuticals on AHR signaling could not be explained by the mechanism proposed, and we speculated that in these cases the agonistic effect might involve interactions of the cellular antioxidant response with the basic transcription machinery. Together, our observations provide a mechanistic explanation as to how compounds that inhibit CYP1A1 can activate AHR signaling. They also indicate that the general perception of the binding pocket of AHR as promiscuous, is probably wrong. The fact that indirect activation of AHR may cause sustained signaling requires further studies in vivo not least, in order to prevent toxicity.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Bengtsson, Karin, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Are ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis and undifferentiated spondyloarthritis associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events? A prospective nationwide population-based cohort study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Arthritis Research and Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1478-6354 .- 1478-6362. ; 19:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: To investigate the risk of first-time acute coronary syndrome (ACS), stroke and venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and undifferentiated spondyloarthritis (uSpA), compared to each other and to the general population (GP). Methods: This is a prospective nationwide cohort study. Cohorts with AS (n = 6448), PsA (n = 16,063) and uSpA (n = 5190) patients and a GP (n = 266,435) cohort, were identified 2001-2009 in the Swedish National Patient and Population registers. The follow-up began 1 January 2006, or 6 months after the first registered spondyloarthritis (SpA) diagnosis thereafter, and ended at ACS/stroke/VTE event, death, emigration or 31 December 2012. Crude and age- and sex-standardized incidence rates (SIRs) and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated for incident ACS, stroke or VTE, respectively. Results: Standardized to the GP cohort, SIRs for ACS were 4.3, 5.4 and 4.7 events per 1000 person-years at risk in the AS, PsA and uSpA cohort, respectively, compared to 3.2 in the GP cohort. SIRs for stroke were 5.4, 5.9 and 5.7 events per 1000 person-years at risk in the AS, PsA and uSpA cohort compared to 4.7 in the GP cohort. Corresponding SIRs for VTE were 3.6, 3.2 and 3.5 events per 1000 person-years at risk compared to 2.2 in the GP cohort. Age-and sex-adjusted HRs (95% CI) for ACS events were significantly increased in AS (1.54 (1.31-1.82)), PsA (1.76 (1.59-1.95)) and uSpA (1.36 (1.05-1.76)) compared to GP. Age-adjusted HRs for ACS was significantly decreased in female AS patients (0.59 (0.37-0.97)) compared to female PsA patients. Age-and sex-adjusted HRs for stroke events were significantly increased in AS (1.25 (1.06-1.48)) and PsA (1.34 (1.22-1.48)), and nonsignificantly increased in uSpA (1.16 (0.91-1.47)) compared to GP. For VTE the age-and sex-adjusted HRs for AS, PsA and uSpA were equally and significantly increased with about 50% compared to GP. Conclusions: Patients with AS, PsA and uSpA are at increased risk for ACS and stroke events, which emphasizes the importance of identification of and intervention against cardiovascular risk factors in SpA patients. Increased alertness for VTE is warranted in patients with SpA.
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| 32. |
- Bengtsson, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Beta(2)-adrenergic receptor gene variation and hypertension in subjects with type 2 diabetes
- 2001
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Ingår i: Hypertension. - 1524-4563. ; 37:5, s. 1303-1308
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate whether polymorphisms in the beta(2)-adrenergic receptor gene (5'LC-Arg19Cys, Arg16Gly, Gln27Glu) are associated with hypertension in patients with or without type 2 diabetes and with the blood pressure levels in normotensive sib pairs. The association study included 291 hypertensive patients without type 2 diabetes, 124 hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes, and 265 healthy control subjects from SWEDEN: In addition, normotensive sib pairs that were discordant for the Arg16Gly (72 pairs) and Gln27Glu (40 pairs) polymorphisms were identified in type 2 diabetes families from FINLAND: Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment-length polymorphism analysis. Homozygous carriers of the Arg16 allele had a significantly increased odds ratio (OR) for hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes (OR 2.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05 to 4.33), particularly among lean (body mass index<27 kg/m(2)) patients (OR 3.47; 95% CI, 1.06 to 11.33). The Gln27 allele showed a weaker association to hypertension (OR 1.55; 95% CI, 1.00 to 2.41) and was found to be in linkage disequilibrium with the Cys19 allele of the 5'LC-Arg19Cys polymorphism. In the paired-sibling analysis, siblings with at least 1 copy of the Arg16 allele had higher systolic blood pressure (P=0.049), and nondiabetic siblings had a higher body mass index (P=0.026) than siblings homozygous for the Gly16 allele. These results indicate that the Arg16 allele of the beta(2)-adrenergic receptor gene confers an increased risk for hypertension in subjects with type 2 diabetes and is associated with higher blood pressure levels and higher body mass index in sib pairs who are discordant for the polymorphism.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Bengtsson, Karin, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of extra-articular manifestations in ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis and undifferentiated spondyloarthritis : Results from a national register-based cohort study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Rheumatology (United Kingdom). - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1462-0324 .- 1462-0332. ; 60:6, s. 2725-2734
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To estimate the incidence and strength of association of extra-articular manifestations [EAMs, here: anterior uveitis (AU), IBD and psoriasis] in patients with AS, undifferentiated SpA (uSpA) and PsA, compared with controls. Methods: Three mutually exclusive cohorts of patients aged 18-69 years with AS (n = 8517), uSpA (n = 10 245) and PsA (n = 22 667) were identified in the Swedish National Patient Register 2001-2015. Age-, sex- and geography-matched controls were identified from the Swedish Population Register. Follow-up began 1 January 2006, or six months after the first SpA diagnosis, whichever occurred later, and ended at the first date of the EAM under study, death, emigration, 70 years of age, and 31 December 2016. Incidence rates (IRs) and incidence rate ratios were calculated for each EAM, and stratified by sex and age. Results: Incidence rate ratios for incident AU, IBD and psoriasis were significantly increased in AS (20.2, 6.2, 2.5), uSpA (13.6, 5.7, 3.8) and PsA (2.5, 2.3, n.a) vs controls. Men with AS and uSpA had significantly higher IRs per 1000 person-years at risk for incident AU than women with AS (IR 15.8 vs 11.2) and uSpA (IR 10.1 vs 6.0), whereas no such sex difference was demonstrated in PsA or for the other EAMs. Conclusions: AU, followed by IBD and psoriasis, is the EAM most strongly associated with AS and uSpA. Among the SpA subtypes, AS and uSpA display a largely similar pattern of EAMs, whereas PsA has a considerably weaker association with AU and IBD.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Bengtsson, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Polymorphism in the beta(1)-adrenergic receptor gene and hypertension
- 2001
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Ingår i: Circulation. - 1524-4539. ; 104:2, s. 187-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The Arg389 variant of the beta(1)-adrenergic receptor gene mediates a higher isoproterenol-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity than the Gly389 variant in vitro. We investigated whether the Arg389Gly or the Ser49Gly polymorphism is associated with hypertension in Scandinavians. Methods and Results-- A total of 292 unrelated, nondiabetic, hypertensive patients and 265 unrelated healthy control subjects were included in a case-control association study. From 118 families, 102 nondiabetic sibling pairs without antihypertensive medication who were discordant for the Arg389Gly polymorphism were selected for a sibling study. Allele and genotype frequencies of the Arg389Gly and Ser49Gly polymorphisms were compared between hypertensive patients and normotensive control subjects. Blood pressure and heart rate were compared between carriers of the different genotypes. In the case-control study, the age- and body mass index-adjusted odds ratio for hypertension in subjects homozygous for the Arg389 allele was 1.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.3 to 2.7; P=0.0005) when compared with carriers of 1 or 2 copies of the Gly389 allele. The genotype-discordant sibling pair analysis revealed that siblings homozygous for the Arg389 allele had significantly higher diastolic blood pressures (79.4+/-9.9 versus 76.0+/-10.1 mm Hg; P=0.003) and higher heart rates (68.3+/-11.0 versus 65.1+/-9.4 bpm; P=0.02) than siblings carrying 1 or 2 copies of the Gly389 allele. The Ser49Gly polymorphism was not associated with hypertension. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that individuals homozygous for the Arg389 allele of the beta(1)-adrenergic receptor gene are at increased risk to develop hypertension.
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| 38. |
- Bengtsson, Karin, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Risk of cardiac rhythm disturbances and aortic regurgitation in different spondyloarthritis subtypes in comparison with general population : A register-based study from Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - : BMJ. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 77:4, s. 541-548
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives To describe the incidence of atrioventricular (AV) block II-III, atrial fibrillation (AF), pacemaker implantation (PM) and aortic regurgitation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), undifferentiated spondyloarthritis (uSpA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) compared with the general population (GP) and with each other. Methods A prospective nationwide study with cohorts of patients with AS (n=6448), PsA (n=16 063) and uSpA (n=5190) and a GP (n=2 66 435) cohort, identified in 2001-2009 in the Swedish National Patient and Population registers. Follow-up began on 1 January 2006 and ended at event, death, emigration or 31 December 2012. Age-standardised and sex-standardised incidence rates and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated. Results The highest incidence rates were noted for AF (5.5-7.4 events per 1000 person-years), followed by PM (1.0-2.0 events per 1000 person-years). HRs for AV block, AF, PM and aortic regurgitation were significantly increased in AS (HRs 2.3, 1.3, 2.1 and 1.9), uSpA (HRs 2.9, 1.3, 1.9 and 2.0) and PsA (HRs 1.5, 1.5, 1.6 and 1.8) compared with the GP cohort. The highest HRs were seen for AV block in male uSpA (HR 4.2) and AS (HR 2.5) compared with GP. Compared with PsA, significantly increased HRs were noted for PM (HR 1.5) in AS and for AV block (HR 1.8) in uSpA. Conclusions Patients with SpA are at increased risk of aortic regurgitation, cardiac rhythm disturbances and, as a probable consequence, also PM. Particularly for AF, the most common arrhythmia, increased caution is warranted, whereas AV block should be looked for especially in men with AS or uSpA.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Bengtsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Stabilitet i ekosystem.
- 1980
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vid föreliggande genomgång av litteraturen inom området stabilitet-diversitet i ekosystem har några utvecklingstendenser inom forskningsområdet framträtt.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Bengtsson, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
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Producing and consuming knowledge in social work practice : Research and development activities in a Swedish context.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Evidence and policy. - : Policy Press. - 1744-2648 .- 1744-2656. ; 5:2, s. 127-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this article is to describe how experince-based knowledge can be made visible by giving some examples of how this has been done in Swedish social welfare services, in collaborations between social services agencies and research and development (R&D) units. These examples will be linked to theories and discussed in relation to different research utilisation models. By using one of these models, it is argued that R&D activities can broaden the concept of evidence-based practice and help brigde the gap between research and practice.
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| 45. |
- Bengtsson, Stefan, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Silicon on aluminum nitride structures formed by wafer bonding
- 1994
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Ingår i: 1994 IEEE International SOI Conference Proceedings. ; , s. 35-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper deals with the use of reactively sputtered aluminum nitride (AlN) films as insulators for Bond and Etch-back Silicon-On-Insulator (BESOI) materials. In SOI-applications where high power is dissipated in the silicon SOI-film the low thermal conductivity of the buried silicon dioxide layer may cause a temperature rise in the silicon film detrimentally affecting the device performance. An attractive alternative would be to replace the silicon dioxide of the SOI structure with another material, like diamond, silicon carbide or aluminum nitride. The thermal conductivity of AlN is considerably larger than that of Si02. This paper presents results on how sputter deposition of AlN may be combined with wafer bonding for the creation of highly thermally conductive SOI structures
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Bengtsson Tops, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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Living in supportive housing for people with serious mental illness : a paradoxical everyday life
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - 1445-8330 .- 1447-0349. ; 23:5, s. 409-418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the closure of large psychiatric institutions, various types of community-based supportive housing for people with serious mental illness (SMI) have been developed. There is currently limited knowledge about users' experiences of living in supportive housing. The aim of the present study was to describe user experiences of living in supportive housing for people with SMI. Twenty-nine people living in such facilities participated in open, qualitative interviews. Data were subjected to latent content analysis. Three main themes emerged from this analysis: (i) having a nest, which included the subthemes of a place to rest and having someone to attach to; (ii) being part of a group, with the subthemes of being brought together and a community spirit; and (iii) leading an oppressive life, including the subthemes of questioning one's identity, sense of inequality, and a life of gloom. It could be concluded that user experiences of living in supportive housing are complex and paradoxical. In order to provide supportive housing, staff need to recognize and work within social group processes, and perform continual and structural evaluations of users' social and emotional needs.
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| 49. |
- Bengtsson Tops, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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Living in supportive housing for people with serious mental illness : a paradoxical everyday life
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. - 1445-8330 .- 1440-0979 .- 1447-0349. ; 23:5, s. 409-418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the closure of large psychiatric institutions, various types of community-based supportive housing for people with serious mental illness (SMI) have been developed. There is currently limited knowledge about users' experiences of living in supportive housing. The aim of the present study was to describe user experiences of living in supportive housing for people with SMI. Twenty-nine people living in such facilities participated in open, qualitative interviews. Data were subjected to latent content analysis. Three main themes emerged from this analysis: (i) having a nest, which included the subthemes of a place to rest and having someone to attach to; (ii) being part of a group, with the subthemes of being brought together and a community spirit; and (iii) leading an oppressive life, including the subthemes of questioning one's identity, sense of inequality, and a life of gloom. It could be concluded that user experiences of living in supportive housing are complex and paradoxical. In order to provide supportive housing, staff need to recognize and work within social group processes, and perform continual and structural evaluations of users' social and emotional needs.
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| 50. |
- Bengtsson, Ulf, 1944, et al.
(författare)
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Födoämnesöverkänslighet
- 2009
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Ingår i: Allergi och astma. Hedlin G & Larsson K, red. Studentlitteratur. - 9789144029962 ; , s. 301-326
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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