| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Berg, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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“Good job!” : Therapists' encouragement, affirmation, and personal address in internet-based cognitive behavior therapy for adolescents with depression
- 2022
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Ingår i: Internet Interventions. - : Elsevier. - 2214-7829. ; 30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Internet-delivered interventions are generally effective for psychological problems. While the presence of a clinician guiding the client via text messages typically leads to better outcomes, the characteristics of what constitutes high-quality communication are less well investigated. This study aimed to identify how an internet therapist most effectively communicates with clients in internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT). Using data from a treatment study of depressed adolescents with a focus on participants who had a positive outcome, messages from therapists were analyzed using thematic analysis. The study focused on the therapist's 1) encouragement and 2) affirmation, and how the therapists used 3) personal address. The analysis resulted in a total of twelve themes (Persistence Wins, You Are a Superhero, You Make Your Luck, You Understand, Hard Times, You Are Like Others, My View on the Matter, Time for a Change, Welcome In, Let Me Help You, You Affect Me, and I Am Human). Overall, the themes form patterns where treatment is described as hard work that requires a motivated client who is encouraged by the therapist. The findings are discussed based on the cognitive behavioral theoretical foundation of the treatment, prior research on therapist behaviors, and the fact that the treatment is provided over the internet.
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| 3. |
- Berg, Linda, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Hypogonadism : Diagnosis, Masculinity, and Capital in Narratives about Testosterone deficiency
- 2023
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Ingår i: Norma. - : Routledge. - 1890-2138 .- 1890-2146. ; 18:1, s. 5-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For centuries, male hypogonadism has been defined as a clinical syndrome caused by the inability to produce physiological concentrations of testosterone and/or normal amount of sperm. In 2020, an information campaign started in Sweden with the ambition of increasing knowledge about hypogonadism and (lack of) testosterone, targeting both men and healthcare providers. In this study, we take a closer look at media discussions in Sweden on hypogonadism over the period 2018–2021. Through feminist thinking on biomedicalisation, we analyse the media material about the phenomena and issues being raised regarding masculinity, age and health in contemporary neoliberal and biocapital times. For some people, hypogonadism is a severe condition, but we can also see that the diagnosis becomes a response to a wide range of symptoms, expanding the realm for diagnostic practices and tying into normative ideas about age, time and lacking or fading masculinity. The media narratives about hypogonadism not only reflect cultural norms regarding masculinity and the plasticity of diagnoses but also create desires, needs and markets.
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| 4. |
- Berg, Martin, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Digital sociologi : Att undervisa i sociologi under en pandemi
- 2021
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Ingår i: Sociologisk forskning. - Huddinge : Sociologisk Forskning, Swedish Sociological Association. - 0038-0342 .- 2002-066X. ; 58:4, s. 467-482
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vi bad fyra sociologikollegor, verksamma vid olika svenska lärosäten, att svara på några frågor utifrån sina erfarenheter som lärare, utbildningssamordnare och forskare. I texten reflekterar de medverkande över sina undervisningserfarenheter. De förhåller sig till specifika kurser, exempelvis en masterskurs om befintliga och framtida medieteknologiers sociala, ekonomiska, kulturella samt tekniska uttryck och förutsättningar (Martin Berg) eller kurser i utbildningssociologi och vid lärarutbildningarna(Ida Lidegran). I Ulrika Schmauchs och Glenn Sjöstrands fall knyts reflektionernaäven till mer allmänna erfarenheter av undervisning på olika kurser, på olika program och vid olika fakulteter. Zhanna Kravchenko i Sociologisk Forsknings redaktion anordnade och modererade samtalet.
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| 5. |
- Berg, Matilda, 1989-
(författare)
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Just know it : The role of explicit knowledge in internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy for adolescents
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The role of explicit, declarative knowledge in general health care and in psychotherapy is a growing field of research. In many areas of healthcare, knowledge is regarded as an important factor for successful interventions. Participants within mental-health interventions should ideally gain knowledge about their specific conditions and strategies to improve, in order to manage their problems in more helpful ways. In Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT), explicit knowledge is a core feature when treating clients and educating them about their symptoms, problems and potential solutions. Still, the role of knowledge and its relation to treatment outcome within CBT treatments is unclear. CBT administered over the internet (ICBT), is mainly based on psychoeducative texts and thus provides a suitable format for an initial evaluation of explicit knowledge within a clinical research context. The role of explicit knowledge could be of particular importance in the study of younger target groups, who probably have their first treatment experience. Their knowledge gain and its use could be of importance both as separate constructs but also in relation to symptom reduction following treatment.The overarching aim of this thesis was to explore the role of explicit knowledge in internet-delivered CBT for adolescents with depression and anxiety.Study I explored the role of explicit knowledge in a randomised controlled trial with adolescents suffering from primary depression. A knowledge test was constructed and administered at pre- and post-treatment. Results showed that explicit knowledge and certainty of knowledge about depression, anxiety and CBT increased during treatment, but that these variables were unrelated to treatment outcome. Lower pre-treatment knowledge levels (certainty) however predicted greater improvement in depressive symptoms.Study II describes the procedure of developing a new knowledge test in the context of ICBT for adolescents with depression and anxiety. An explorative factor analysis was performed and resulted in a three-factor solution with the following factors: Act in aversive states, Using positive reinforcement, and Shifting attention. The procedure presented could illustrate one way of creating a test for knowledge evaluation in ICBT, but its clinical use needs to be evaluated further.In Study III, participants from a randomised controlled trial of ICBT for adolescent depression were asked about their acquired knowledge and knowledge use six months later. Qualitative methodology (thematic analysis) was used. The results showed two overarching ways that clients can remember and relate to CBT-principles after treatment; one more explicit way related to the active application of CBT principles, and another vague way of recalling treatment content and the passive usage of CBT. Both ways of recalling CBT principles were related to experiencing the treatment as helpful.Study IV evaluated the role of learning strategies and chat-sessions in ICBT for adolescents with anxiety and depression. A total of 120 adolescents were randomised to one of four treatment groups, in a 2x2 factorial design with the two factors: with or without learning support and/or chat-sessions. Overall, the results showed general reductions of anxiety and depressive symptoms, and increased knowledge levels. Participants receiving learning strategies during treatment obtained more immediate benefits in treatment outcome and knowledge levels, but at six months follow-up participants without learning support had reached equal amounts of knowledge and symptom reduction. Chat-sessions did not add any effect on treatment outcome or knowledge levels.In conclusion, this thesis suggests that explicit knowledge is a construct that is independent of symptom reduction and increases during ICBT treatments for adolescents with depression and anxiety. Increased knowledge, and increased certainty of knowledge, are valuable outcomes since CBT emphasises educating clients about symptoms, therapeutic principles, and strategies that they can remember and use later on. The lack of association between explicit knowledge gain and symptom reduction could indicate that explicit knowledge is a necessary but insufficient factor for symptom reduction. Adding learning strategies within a treatment programme could be of importance for enhancing short-term treatment effects.There is a continued need for more research on the role of knowledge in ICBT, both as an outcome and as a way to improve treatment effects. The findings in this thesis however suggest that research on explicit knowledge is important to understand what makes ICBT work.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Berry, Gustav, 1987-
(författare)
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Den självstyrda periferin : Lanthushållsundervisningen och styrningen av den svenska landsbygden, 1890-1970
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Through the formation and development of industrial societies between 1890 and 1970, rural life and agriculture in Europe were made subject to a high degree of social, economic and political planning. This phenomenon of rural governance in the age of high modernity is explored in this thesis, which analyzes the governance of the Swedish countryside through studies of rural domestic education. In this thesis, rural domestic education refers to a complex of three educational institutions. Together they formed an arrangement to shape the work and lives of rural girls and women in Sweden in order to manage larger issues connected to the fate of agriculture and rural life in industrial society. The arrangement consisted of rural vocational schools, targeting young, unmarried women; the home demonstration extension service, directed towards rural housewives, and colleges for rural domestic teacher education. By framing rural domestic education as a case of rural governance, the thesis seeks to further the discussion of rural self-governance during the period. In contrast to previous studies in the field, which have favored the agency of the modern state and the notion of high modernism, this study highlights the social dimensions of rural governance and the ambivalence and resistance to the upheavals of high modernity experienced by social groups and classes in the Swedish countryside.The aim of the thesis is to widen and deepen our understanding of rural governance in the age of high modernity. This is done by merging theoretical perspectives from modern history and the history of education and applying them to four source pluralistic empirical investigations. These investigations cover the rationales, conditions, and actors involved in the governance of the Swedish countryside through rural domestic education between 1910 and 1960.Taken together the investigations show that the attempts to govern rural Sweden by fostering rural housewives were firmly based in the countryside. They were motivated by real and imagined threats related to women’s flight from the land and carried out through cooperation between the state and rural civil society, responsible for financing respectively organizing different forms of rural domestic education. Moreover, the rationales and conditions of rural domestic education were closely tied to a social and cultural formation that used it to further its own interests, characterized in the thesis as the rural bourgeoise. Through these results the thesis shows that rural governance in the age of high modernity can be understood as reactions of social groups responding to rapid transformations of society, rather than an outcome of state intervention and the need to render agriculture and rural life legible. This new understanding has implications for our perception of rural governance as a phenomenon in modern history and presents new perspectives on the history of agricultural and domestic education for women.
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| 8. |
- Brandt, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Bultbedövning i fält - en guide
- 2022
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Ingår i: Svensk Veterinärtidning. - 0346-2250. ; 74, s. 18-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
- Diaz de Grenu, Borja, et al.
(författare)
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Fluorescent Discrimination between Traces of Chemical Warfare Agents and Their Mimics
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 136:11, s. 4125-4128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An array of fluorogenic probes is able to discriminate between nerve agents, sarin, soman, tabun, VX and their mimics, in water or organic solvent, by qualitative fluorescence patterns and quantitative multivariate analysis, thus making the system suitable for the in-the-field detection of traces of chemical warfare agents as well as to differentiate between the real nerve agents and other related compounds.
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| 10. |
- Efe, C., et al.
(författare)
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Extrahepatic autoimmune diseases in primary biliary cholangitis: Prevalence and significance for clinical presentation and disease outcome
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. - : Wiley. - 0815-9319 .- 1440-1746. ; 36:4, s. 936-942
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Aim The prevalence and clinical significance of extrahepatic autoimmune diseases (EHAIDs) have not been evaluated in a large cohort of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Methods The medical records of 1554 patients with PBC from 20 international centers were retrospectively reviewed. Development of decompensated cirrhosis (ascites, variceal bleeding, and/or hepatic encephalopathy) and hepatocellular carcinoma were considered clinical endpoints. Results A total of 35 different EHAIDs were diagnosed in 440 (28.3%) patients with PBC. Patients with EHAIDs were more often female (92.5%vs86.1%,P < 0.001) and seropositive for anti-mitochondrial antibodies (88%vs84%,P = 0.05) and antinuclear antibodies and/or smooth muscle antibodies (53.8%vs43.6%,P = 0.005). At presentation, patients with EHAIDs had significantly lower levels of alkaline phosphatase (1.76vs1.98 x upper limit of normal [ULN],P = 0.006), aspartate aminotransferase (1.29vs1.50 x ULN,P < 0.001), and total bilirubin (0.53vs0.58 x ULN,P = 0.002). Patients with EHAIDs and without EHAIDs had similar rates of GLOBE high-risk status (12.3%vs16.1%,P = 0.07) and Paris II response (71.4%vs69.4%,P = 0.59). Overall, event-free survival was not different in patients with and without EHAIDs (90.8%vs90.7%,P = 0.53, log rank). Coexistence of each autoimmune thyroid diseases (10.6%), Sjogren disease (8.3%), systemic sclerosis (2.9%), rheumatoid arthritis (2.7%), systemic lupus erythematosus (1.7%), celiac disease (1.7%), psoriasis (1.5%), and inflammatory bowel diseases (1.3%) did not influence the outcome. Conclusions Our study confirms that EHAIDs are frequently diagnosed in patients with PBC. The presence of EHAIDs may influence the clinical phenotype of PBC at presentation but has no impact on PBC outcome.
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| 11. |
- Efe, C., et al.
(författare)
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Validation of Risk Scoring Systems in Ursodeoxycholic Acid-Treated Patients With Primary Biliary Cholangitis
- 2019
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Ingår i: American Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0002-9270 .- 1572-0241. ; 114:7, s. 1101-1108
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Risk stratification based on biochemical variables is a useful tool for monitoring ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA)-treated patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Several UDCA response criteria and scoring systems have been proposed for risk prediction in PBC, but these have not been validated in large external cohorts. METHODS: We performed a study on data of 1746 UDCA-treated patients with PBC from 25 centers in Europe, United States, and Canada. The prognostic performance of the risk scoring systems (GLOBE and UK-PBC) and the UDCA response criteria (Barcelona, Paris I, Paris II, Rotterdam, and Toronto) were evaluated. We regarded cirrhosis-related complications (ascites, variceal bleeding, and/or hepatic encephalopathy) as clinical end points. RESULTS: A total of 171 patients reached a clinical end point during a median 7 years (range 1-16 years) of follow-up. The 5-, 10- and 15-year adverse outcome-free survivals were 95%, 85%, and 77%. The GLOBE and UK-PBC scores predicted cirrhosis-related complications better than the UDCA response criteria. The hazard ratio (HR) for a 1 standard deviation increase was HR 5.05 (95% confidence interval (CI): 4.43-5.74, P < 0.001) for the GLOBE score and HR 3.39 (95% CI: 3.10-3.72, P < 0.001) for the UK-PBC score. Overall, the GLOBE and UK-PBC risk scores showed similar and excellent prognostic performance (C-statistic, 0.93; 95% CI: 0.91%-95% vs 0.94; 95% CI: 0.91%-0.96%). DISCUSSION: In our international, multicenter PBC cohort, the GLOBE and UK-PBC risk scoring systems were good predictors of future cirrhosis-related complications.
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| 12. |
- Gusarova, Viktoria, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic inactivation of ANGPTL4 improves glucose homeostasis and is associated with reduced risk of diabetes
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 9, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) is an endogenous inhibitor of lipoprotein lipase that modulates lipid levels, coronary atherosclerosis risk, and nutrient partitioning. We hypothesize that loss of ANGPTL4 function might improve glucose homeostasis and decrease risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We investigate protein-altering variants in ANGPTL4 among 58,124 participants in the DiscovEHR human genetics study, with follow-up studies in 82,766 T2D cases and 498,761 controls. Carriers of p.E40K, a variant that abolishes ANGPTL4 ability to inhibit lipoprotein lipase, have lower odds of T2D (odds ratio 0.89, 95% confidence interval 0.85-0.92, p = 6.3 × 10-10), lower fasting glucose, and greater insulin sensitivity. Predicted loss-of-function variants are associated with lower odds of T2D among 32,015 cases and 84,006 controls (odds ratio 0.71, 95% confidence interval 0.49-0.99, p = 0.041). Functional studies in Angptl4-deficient mice confirm improved insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis. In conclusion, genetic inactivation of ANGPTL4 is associated with improved glucose homeostasis and reduced risk of T2D.
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| 13. |
- Götherström, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Fetal and adult multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells are killed by different pathways
- 2011
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Ingår i: Cytotherapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1465-3249 .- 1477-2566. ; 13:3, s. 269-278
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background aims. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, also known as mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), can be isolated from adult and fetal tissues. Recently, there has been considerable interest in MSC because they have features favorable for transplantation, namely their multipotency and non-immunogenic properties. Methods. We analyzed how human MSC derived from first-trimester fetal liver and adult bone marrow interact with naive and activated innate natural killer (NK) cells. NK cell function was studied by measuring killing of MSC, as well as degranulation (CD107a) induced by MSC. To assess the importance of NK cell killing, expression of surface epitopes was analyzed by flow cytometry on MSC before and after stimulation with interferon (IFN)gamma gamma. Results. Fetal and adult MSC express several ligands to activating NK cell receptors as well as low levels of HLA class I, with large inter-individual variation. Naive peripheral blood NK cells did not lyse fetal or adult MSC, whereas interleukin (IL)2 activated allogeneic as well as autologous NK cells did. Pre-incubation of MSC with IFN-gamma gamma increased their levels of HLA class I, protecting them from NK cell recognition. Fetal and adult MSC were preferably killed via the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and Fas ligand (FasL) pathways, respectively. Blocking NKG2D reduced NK cell degranulation in both fetal and adult MSC. Conclusions. Fetal and adult MSC differ in their interactions with NK cells. Both fetal and adult MSC are susceptible to lysis by activated NK cells, which may have implications for the use of MSC in cell therapy.
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| 14. |
- Højskov, Ida Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Early physical and psycho-educational rehabilitation in patients with coronary artery bypass grafting: A randomized controlled trial.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1650-1977. ; 51:2, s. 136-143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rehabilitation of patients following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has been widely studied; however, research into early rehabilitation after CABG is sparse. The aim of this trial was to assess the impact of early rehabilitation, compared with usual care in patients following CABG.Randomized controlled trial.A total of 326 patients treated with CABG.Patients treated with CABG were randomized 1:1 to 4 weeks of comprehensive early rehabilitation or usual care. The primary outcome was the Six Minute Walk Test (6MWT). Secondary outcomes were mental health and physical activity (Medical Outcome Study Short Form; SF-12); anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; HADS); physical and emotional scores; sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; PSQI); pain (Örebro Musculoskeletal Screening Questionnaire; ÖMSQ) and muscle endurance (Sit-To-Stand test).Sixteen patients dropped out. No significant differences between groups in the primary outcome (6MWT) were found after 4 weeks (p=0.27). For secondary outcomes the odds ratio of HADS-D ≥8 decreased in favour of the experimental intervention (p=0.04). There was non-adherence to parts of the intervention. Per-protocol analysis showed differences between groups for the 6MWT (p=0.02) and the Sit-To-Stand test (p=0.046).In general, the intervention had no effect on the 6MWT, or secondary outcomes, except for depressive symptoms. However, in adherent participants, the intervention had a positive effect for the primary and several secondary outcomes.
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| 15. |
- Højskov, Ida E, et al.
(författare)
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Early physical training and psycho-educational intervention for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. The SheppHeart randomized 2 × 2 factorial clinical pilot trial.
- 2015
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Ingår i: European journal of cardiovascular nursing : journal of the Working Group on Cardiovascular Nursing of the European Society of Cardiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1873-1953. ; 15:6, s. 425-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery often experience a range of problems and symptoms such as immobility, pain and insufficient sleep. Results from trials investigating testing in-hospital physical exercise or psychological intervention have been promising. However, no randomized clinical trials have tested a comprehensive rehabilitation programme consisting of both physical exercise and psycho-education in the early rehabilitation phase.
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| 16. |
- Højskov, Ida Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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SheppHeartCABG trial-comprehensive early rehabilitation after coronary artery bypass grafting: a protocol for a randomised clinical trial.
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMJ open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 7:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery often experience a range of symptoms. Studies indicate that non-pharmacological interventions such as exercise training and psychoeducation have a positive physiological and psychological effect in early outpatient rehabilitation. The SheppHeartCABG trial will investigate the effect of early comprehensive rehabilitation in early phase rehabilitation versus usual care. The aim of this paper is to present the protocol for the SheppHeartCABG trial.SheppHeartCABG is an investigator-initiated randomised clinical superiority trial with blinded outcome assessment, employing 1:1 central randomisation to rehabilitation plus usual care versus usual care alone. On the basis of a sample size calculation, 326 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting will be included from two clinical sites. All patients receive usual care and patients allocated to the experimental intervention follow 4weeks rehabilitation consisting of an exercise programme, psycho-educative consultations and a compact mindfulness programme. The primary outcome is physical function measured by the 6-min walk test. The secondary outcomes are mental health and physical activity measured by the Medical Outcome Study Short Form (SF-12), anxiety and depression measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale questionnaire, physical, emotional and global scores by the HeartQoL questionnaire, sleep measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, pain measured by the Örebro Musculoskeletal Screening Questionnaire and muscle endurance measured by the sit-to-stand test. A number of explorative analyses will also be conducted.SheppHeartCABG is approved by the regional ethics committee (no. H-4-2014-109) and the Danish Data Protection Agency (no. 30-1309) and is performed in accordance with good clinical practice and the Declaration of Helsinki in its latest form. Positive, neutral and negative results of the trial will be submitted to international peer-reviewed journals. Furthermore, results will be presented at national and international conferences relevant to the subject fields.NCT02290262; pre-results.
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| 17. |
- Jangsten, Elisabeth, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of active management and expectant management of the third stage of labour: a Swedish randomised controlled trial.
- 2011
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Ingår i: BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology. - : Wiley. - 1471-0528 .- 1470-0328. ; 118:3, s. 362-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Please cite this paper as: Jangsten E, Mattsson L, Lyckestam I, Hellström A, Berg M. A comparison of active management and expectant management of the third stage of labour: a Swedish randomised controlled trial. BJOG 2011;118:362-369. Objective To compare blood loss in women actively and expectantly managed in the third stage of labour. Design Randomised controlled trial (RCT). Setting Two delivery units at a Swedish university hospital. Population Healthy women with normal pregnancies, at gestational age 34-43weeks, with singleton cephalic presentation and expected vaginal delivery. Methods The women were randomly allocated to either active (n=903) or expectant (n=899) management of the third stage of labour. Main outcome measures The primary outcome was blood loss>1000ml, and secondary outcomes were mean blood loss, duration of third stage, retained placenta, haemoglobin level and blood transfusion. Results Blood loss>1000ml occurred in 10% of the actively managed group and 16.8% of the expectantly managed group (P<0.001). Mean blood loss was 535ml in the actively managed group and 680ml in the expectantly managed group (P<0.001). A prolonged duration of the third stage was associated with increased blood loss. Increased placenta weight was associated with increased blood loss. The haemoglobin level was 118g/dl in actively managed women and 115g/dl in expectantly managed women (P<0.001) the day after childbirth. The occurrence of retained placenta and the number of blood transfusions did not differ between the groups. Conclusions Active management of the third stage of labour was associated with less blood loss compared with expectant management. It is reasonable to advocate this regime, especially in primiparous women.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Johansson, Malin, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Remote sensing for risk analysis of oil spills in the Arctic Ocean
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the ESA Living Planet Symposium 2013, 9 - 13 September 2013, Edinburgh, UK.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Predicted decreases in sea-ice extent and shift from multiyear ice to seasonal ice open up for commercial shipping routes within the Arctic. With expected further growth of maritime activities the potential threat of accidents is increasing. Moreover, there is a lack of information on how an oil spill would affect the Arctic Ocean environment. A robust tool following international risk assessment standards is therefore vital to 1) try to prevent oil spills through use of scenario runs and 2) increase the possibilities to delimit the damage should a spill occur. We use remote sensing images to extract information about oil spill redistribution mechanisms. This combined with information about estimated volume, type ofoil and ecotoxicological data enables identification of areas in the Arctic Ocean especially vulnerable to maritimeactivities. We also include estimates on the probability ofan oil spill occurrence.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Lindgren, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Hydroxyethylene isosteres introduced in type II collagen fragments substantially alter the structure and dynamics of class II MHC A(q)/glycopeptide complexes
- 2015
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Ingår i: Organic and biomolecular chemistry. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1477-0520 .- 1477-0539. ; 13:22, s. 6203-6216
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins are involved in initiation of immune responses to foreign antigens via presentation of peptides to receptors of CD4(+) T-cells. An analogous presentation of self-peptides may lead to autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The glycopeptide fragment CII259-273, derived from type II collagen, is presented by A(q) MHCII molecules in the mouse and has a key role in development of collagen induced arthritis (CIA), a validated model for RA. We have introduced hydroxyethylene amide bond isosteres at the Ala(261)-Gly(262) position of CII259-273. Biological evaluation showed that A(q) binding and T cell recognition were dramatically reduced for the modified glycopeptides, although static models predicted similar binding modes as the native type II collagen fragment. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations demonstrated that introduction of the hydroxyethylene isosteres disturbed the entire hydrogen bond network between the glycopeptides and A(q). As a consequence the hydroxyethylene isosteric glycopeptides were prone to dissociation from A(q) and unfolding of the beta(1)-helix. Thus, the isostere induced adjustment of the hydrogen bond network altered the structure and dynamics of A(q)/glycopeptide complexes leading to the loss of A(q) affinity and subsequent T cell response.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Magnusson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Long term type 1 diabetes is associated with hand pain, disability and stiffness but not with structural hand osteoarthritis features - The Dialong hand study
- 2017
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 12:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To explore whether having long-term type 1 diabetes (>45 years) is associated with a higher prevalence of radiographic hand OA, erosive hand OA and increased hand pain, disability and stiffness. Methods: In total N = 96 persons with type 1 diabetes diagnosed before 1970 were included (mean [SD] age: 62.2 [7.4], mean [SD] HbA1c: 7.43 [0.80] and N = 49 [51%] men). Regular measurements of their HbA1c were obtained till 2015. We included N = 69 healthy controls without any diabetes (mean [SD] age: 63.0 [7.0], mean [SD] HbA1c: 5.41 [0.32], N = 29 [42%] men). The groups were compared for radiographic hand OA (Kellgren-Lawrence grade ≥2 in ≥1 joint) and erosive hand OA (central erosions in ≥1 joint), Australian/Canadian index (AUSCAN) for hand pain, disability and stiffness using regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, educational level and waist circumference. Results: We found no associations between having long term type 1 diabetes and more prevalent radiographic hand OA (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.38-1.81). We found a trend towards higher prevalence of erosive hand OA in diabetes patients (OR = 2.96, 95% CI = 0.82-10.64). Strong and consistent associations were observed between long term type 1 diabetes and increased hand pain (B = 2.78, 95% CI = 1.65-3.91), disability (B = 5.30, 95% CI = 3.48-7.12) and stiffness (B = 2.00, 95% CI = 1.33-2.67). These associations were particularly strong for women and participants below the median age of 61 years. Conclusion: Long-term type 1 diabetes was not associated with radiographic hand OA, but was strongly associated with hand pain, disability and stiffness. The association between diabetes and erosive hand OA warrants further investigation.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Nieminen, Katri, et al.
(författare)
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Internet-provided cognitive behaviour therapy of posttraumatic stress symptoms following childbirth—a randomized controlled trial
- 2016
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Ingår i: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. - : Routledge. - 1650-6073 .- 1651-2316. ; 45:4, s. 287-306
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of trauma-focused guided Internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy for relieving posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms following childbirth, a problem that about 3% women encounter postpartum. Following inclusion, 56 traumatized women were randomized to either treatment or to a waiting list control group. Primary outcome measures were the Traumatic Event Scale (TES) and Impact of Event Scale—Reversed (IES-R). Secondary measures were Beck depression inventory II, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Beck Anxiety Inventory, Quality Of Life Inventory and the EuroQol 5 Dimensions. The treatment was guided by a clinician and lasted eight weeks and comprised eight modules of written text. The between-group effect size (ES) was d = .82 (p < .0001) for the IES-R. The ES for the TES was small (d = .36) and not statistically significant (p = .09). A small between-group ES (d = .20; p = .02) was found for the PHQ-9. The results from pre- to post-treatment showed large within-group ESs for PTSD symptoms in the treatment group both on the TES (d = 1.42) and the IES-R (d = 1.30), but smaller ESs in the control group from inclusion to after deferred treatment (TES, d = .80; IES-R d = .45). In both groups, the treatment had positive effects on comorbid depression and anxiety, and in the treatment group also on quality of life. The results need to be verified in larger trials. Further studies are also needed to examine long-term effects.
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| 26. |
- Norrgård-Sillanpää, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Student teachers’ conceptions about species identification and the relationship of biodiversity to sustainable development
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Human wellbeing is depending either directly or indirectly on biodiversity, ecosystems and the services they provide. The ability to identify species is important to understand the concepts of biodiversity and sustainability. Biodiversity is a rather unknown concept to students and adults. Many students feel that being able to name organisms is not important to them and they have little interest in learning identification skills.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to clarify student teachers’ (N=425) interest in and conceptions of the importance of species identification and the relationship between biodiversity and sustainable development. Methods: - The data was collected by using a semi-structured questionnaire with fixed and open questions. The questionnaire consisted of background questions, a species identification test and open and fixed question about species identification skills, biodiversity and sustainable development. The categories for analyzing the open answers were developed by using an inductive content analyze method. The open answers were discussed in the research group and triple-checked for a high reproducibility. The main categories of conceptions were emotional and aesthetic, cognitive, pragmatical, ecological, conservational, professional, educational, idealistic negative, contradictory and no views. Results: Student teachers explained their interest in plants and animals in a pragmatic way. Cognitive and no views where used to explain the importance of species identification today and in the future. Few students had a professional view. The relationships between species identification and sustainable development were described with cognitive views with almost equal amount of knowledge and conservational reasons. The relationship between biodiversity and sustainable development were explained with cognitive and no views.Conclusion: Many student teachers felt that species identification skills are not important today because of easy access to web based information. They also argued that it is less important for people living in cities to know species. Students felt that the reduction of species is not a problem for them, but a task for future generations. This point of view could affect their willingness to teach identification skills to their pupils in the future. Most students that had ecological views identified biodiversity like diversity between species and did not include all three aspects of biodiversity. The student teachers’ views of the interconnection between biodiversity and sustainable development are limited. Many did not understand the meaning of the words. Species are very important part of ecosystems and their decreasing trends jeopardize also human wellbeing. During the teacher education, it is important to develop student teachers ability to recognize that plants and animals are central in preservation of biodiversity and for a more sustainable future.
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| 27. |
- Norrgård-Sillanpää, Pia, et al.
(författare)
-
Student teachers’ conceptions about species identification and the relationship of biodiversity to sustainable development
- 2015
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: Human wellbeing is depending either directly or indirectly on biodiversity, ecosystems and the services they provide. The ability to identify species is important to understand the concepts of biodiversity and sustainability. Biodiversity is a rather unknown concept to students and adults. Many students feel that being able to name organisms is not important to them and they have little interest in learning identification skills. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to clarify student teachers’ (N=425) interest in and conceptions of the importance of species identification and the relationship between biodiversity and sustainable development. Methods: - The data was collected by using a semi-structured questionnaire with fixed and open questions. The questionnaire consisted of background questions, a species identification test and open and fixed question about species identification skills, biodiversity and sustainable development. The categories for analyzing the open answers were developed by using an inductive content analyze method. The open answers were discussed in the research group and triple-checked for a high reproducibility. The main categories of conceptions were emotional and aesthetic, cognitive, pragmatical, ecological, conservational, professional, educational, idealistic negative, contradictory and no views. Results: Student teachers explained their interest in plants and animals in a pragmatic way. Cognitive and no views where used to explain the importance of species identification today and in the future. Few students had a professional view. The relationships between species identification and sustainable development were described with cognitive views with almost equal amount of knowledge and conservational reasons. The relationship between biodiversity and sustainable development were explained with cognitive and no views. Conclusion: Many student teachers felt that species identification skills are not important today because of easy access to web based information. They also argued that it is less important for people living in cities to know species. Students felt that the reduction of species is not a problem for them, but a task for future generations. This point of view could affect their willingness to teach identification skills to their pupils in the future. Most students that had ecological views identified biodiversity like diversity between species and did not include all three aspects of biodiversity. The student teachers’ views of the interconnection between biodiversity and sustainable development are limited. Many did not understand the meaning of the words. Species are very important part of ecosystems and their decreasing trends jeopardize also human wellbeing. During the teacher education, it is important to develop student teachers ability to recognize that plants and animals are central in preservation of biodiversity and for a more sustainable future.
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| 28. |
- Norrgård-Sillanpää, Pia, et al.
(författare)
-
Student teachers' interest in and conceptions about species and species identification
- 2014
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Humans are dependent on the service species and ecosystems provide. Being able to identify species is a key to understanding biodiversity. The purpose of this study was to clarify student teachers’ (N=426) interest in and conceptions of the importance of species identification and the relationship between biodiversity and sustainable development. The data was collected by the aid of using a semi-structured questionnaire with fixed and open questions. Student teachers explained their interest in plants and animals in a pragmatic, cognitive or emotional and aesthetic way. Pragmatic, cognitive and educational views where used to explain the importance of species identification today and in the future. Few students had a professional view. The relationships between species identification and sustainable development were described with cognitive, pragmatic, conservational and educational views, whereas the relationship between biodiversity and sustainable development were mostly categorised in the no, cognitive, ecological and conservational views. The student teachers´ conceptual framework related to biodiversity and the relationships between species identification and sustainable development were limited. The results are compared with related literature. This study increases and broadens researchers’ and teacher educators’, knowledge about the challenges of species identification in teacher education and at schools.
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| 29. |
- Norrgård-Sillanpää, Pia, et al.
(författare)
-
Student teachers' interest in and conceptions about species and species identification
- 2014
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Humans are dependent on the service species and ecosystems provide. Being able to identify species is a key to understanding biodiversity. The purpose of this study was to clarify student teachers’ (N=426) interest in and conceptions of the importance of species identification and the relationship between biodiversity and sustainable development. The data was collected by the aid of using a semi-structured questionnaire with fixed and open questions. Student teachers explained their interest in plants and animals in a pragmatic, cognitive or emotional and aesthetic way. Pragmatic, cognitive and educational views where used to explain the importance of species identification today and in the future. Few students had a professional view. The relationships between species identification and sustainable development were described with cognitive, pragmatic, conservational and educational views, whereas the relationship between biodiversity and sustainable development were mostly categorised in the no, cognitive, ecological and conservational views. The student teachers´ conceptual framework related to biodiversity and the relationships between species identification and sustainable development were limited. The results are compared with related literature. This study increases and broadens researchers’ and teacher educators’, knowledge about the challenges of species identification in teacher education and at schools.
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| 30. |
- Palmberg, Irmeli, et al.
(författare)
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Nordic-Baltic student teachers’ identification of and interest in plant and animal species : the importance of species identification and biodiversity for sustainable development
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Science Teacher Education. - 1046-560X .- 1573-1847.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Knowledge of species, interest in nature, and nature experiences are the factors thatbest promote interest in and understanding of environmental issues, biodiversity andsustainable life. The aim of this study is to investigate how well student teachersidentify common local species, their interest in and ideas about species identification,and their perceptions of the importance of species identification and biodiversity forsustainable development. Totally 456 student teachers for primary schools were testedusing an identification test and a questionnaire consisting of fixed and open questions.A combination of quantitative and qualitative methods was used to get a more holisticview of students' level of knowledge and their preferred learning methods. The studentteachers' ability to identify very common species was low, and only 3 % were able toidentify most of the tested species. Experiential learning outdoors was suggested bythe majority of students as the most efficient learning method, followed by experientiallearning indoors, project work and experimental learning. They looked upon theidentification of plants and animals as 'important' or 'very important' for citizens todayand for sustainable development. Likewise, they looked upon biodiversity as 'important'or 'very important' for sustainable development. Our conclusion is that teaching andlearning methods for identification and knowledge of species and for education ofproject-based methods in authentic environments.biodiversity and sustainable development should always include experiential and
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| 31. |
- Palmberg, Irmeli, et al.
(författare)
-
Nordic-Baltic student teachers’ identification of and interest in plant and animal species : the importance of species identification and biodiversity for sustainable development
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Science Teacher Education. - : Taylor and Francis Ltd.. - 1046-560X .- 1573-1847.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Knowledge of species, interest in nature, and nature experiences are the factors that best promote interest in and understanding of environmental issues, biodiversity and sustainable life. The aim of this study is to investigate how well student teachers identify common local species, their interest in and ideas about species identification, and their perceptions of the importance of species identification and biodiversity for sustainable development. Totally 456 student teachers for primary schools were tested using an identification test and a questionnaire consisting of fixed and open questions. A combination of quantitative and qualitative methods was used to get a more holistic view of students' level of knowledge and their preferred learning methods. The student teachers' ability to identify very common species was low, and only 3 % were able to identify most of the tested species. Experiential learning outdoors was suggested by the majority of students as the most efficient learning method, followed by experiential learning indoors, project work and experimental learning. They looked upon the identification of plants and animals as 'important' or 'very important' for citizens today and for sustainable development. Likewise, they looked upon biodiversity as 'important' or 'very important' for sustainable development. Our conclusion is that teaching and learning methods for identification and knowledge of species and for education of project-based methods in authentic environments. biodiversity and sustainable development should always include experiential and
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| 32. |
- Palmberg, Irmeli, et al.
(författare)
-
Nordic-Baltic student teachers' identification of species and understanding of biodiversity and sustainability
- 2014
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Knowledge of species, interest in nature, and nature experiences are the factors that best promote interest in and understanding of environmental issues, biodiversity and sustainable life. The aim of this study is to investigate how well student teachers can identify common local species, their interests in and ideas about species identification and about the importance of species identification for biodiversity and sustainability. Totally 456 student teachers for primary schools were tested using an identification test and a questionnaire consisting of fixed and open questions. A combination of quantitative and qualitative methods was used to get a more holistic view of students’ level of knowledge. The student teachers in Nordic countries identified species reasonably well, while the student teachers in Lithuania identified only up to four species. Experiential learning outdoors was suggested by the majority of students as the most efficient learning method, followed by experiential learning indoors, project work and experimental learning. They regarded the knowledge of species as ‘important’ or ‘very important’ for citizens today, for sustainable development and for biodiversity. Our conclusion is that teaching and learning methods for education of biodiversity and sustainable development should always include experiential and project-based methods in authentic environments.
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| 33. |
- Palmberg, Irmeli, et al.
(författare)
-
Nordic-Baltic student teachers' identification of species and understanding of biodiversity and sustainability
- 2014
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Knowledge of species, interest in nature, and nature experiences are the factors that best promote interest in and understanding of environmental issues, biodiversity and sustainable life. The aim of this study is to investigate how well student teachers can identify common local species, their interests in and ideas about species identification and about the importance of species identification for biodiversity and sustainability. Totally 456 student teachers for primary schools were tested using an identification test and a questionnaire consisting of fixed and open questions. A combination of quantitative and qualitative methods was used to get a more holistic view of students’ level of knowledge. The student teachers in Nordic countries identified species reasonably well, while the student teachers in Lithuania identified only up to four species. Experiential learning outdoors was suggested by the majority of students as the most efficient learning method, followed by experiential learning indoors, project work and experimental learning. They regarded the knowledge of species as ‘important’ or ‘very important’ for citizens today, for sustainable development and for biodiversity. Our conclusion is that teaching and learning methods for education of biodiversity and sustainable development should always include experiential and project-based methods in authentic environments.
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| 34. |
- Teo, Kevin, et al.
(författare)
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rs641738C>T near MBOAT7 is associated with liver fat, ALT, and fibrosis in NAFLD: a meta-analysis.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of hepatology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1600-0641 .- 0168-8278. ; 74:1, s. 20-30
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A common genetic variant near MBOAT7 (rs641738C>T) has been previously associated with hepatic fat and advanced histology in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), however, these findings have not been consistently replicated in the literature. We aimed to establish whether rs641738C>T is a risk factor across the spectrum of NAFLD and characterize its role in the regulation of related metabolic phenotypes through meta-analysis.We performed meta-analysis of studies with data on the association between rs641738C>T genotype and: liver fat, NAFLD histology, and serum ALT, lipids, or insulin. These included directly genotyped studies and population-level data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). We performed random effects meta-analysis using recessive, additive, and dominant genetic models.Data from 1,066,175 participants (9,688 with liver biopsies) across 42 studies were included in the meta-analysis. rs641738C>T was associated with higher liver fat on CT/MRI (+0.03 standard deviations [95% CI: 0.02 - 0.05], pz=4.8x10-5) and diagnosis of NAFLD (OR 1.17 [95% CI 1.05 - 1.3], pz=0.003) in Caucasian adults. The variant was also positively associated with presence of advanced fibrosis (OR 1.22 [95% CI: 1.03 - 1.45], pz=0.021) in Caucasian adults using a recessive model of inheritance (CC+CT vs. TT). Meta-analysis of data from previous GWAS found the variant to be associated with higher ALT (pz=0.002) and lower serum triglycerides (pz=1.5x10-4). rs641738C>T was not associated with fasting insulin and no effect was observed in children with NAFLD.Our study validates rs641738C>T near MBOAT7 as a risk factor for the presence and severity of NAFLD in individuals of European descent.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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