| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- van Schaarenburg, Rosanne A., et al.
(författare)
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Marked variability in clinical presentation and outcome of patients with C1q immunodeficiency
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Autoimmunity. - : Elsevier BV. - 0896-8411 .- 1095-9157. ; 62, s. 39-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Globally approximately 60 cases of C1q deficiency have been described with a high prevalence of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). So far treatment has been guided by the clinical presentation rather than the underlying C1q deficiency. Recently, it was shown that C1q production can be restored by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Current literature lacks information on disease progression and quality of life of C1q deficient persons which is of major importance to guide clinicians taking care of patients with this rare disease.Methods: We performed an international survey, of clinicians treating C1q deficient patients. A high response rate of >70% of the contacted clinicians yielded information on 45 patients with C1q deficiency of which 25 are published.Results: Follow-up data of 45 patients from 31 families was obtained for a median of 11 years after diagnosis. Of these patients 36 (80%) suffer from SLE, of which 16 suffer from SLE and infections, 5 (11%) suffer from infections only and 4 (9%) have no symptoms. In total 9 (20%) of the C1q deficient individuals had died. All except for one died before the age of 20 years. Estimated survival times suggest 20% case-fatality before the age of 20, and at least 50% of patients are expected to reach their middle ages.Conclusion: Here we report the largest phenotypic data set on C1q deficiency to date, revealing high variance; with high mortality but also a subset of patients with an excellent prognosis. Management of C1q deficiency requires a personalized approach.
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| 4. |
- Abelius, Martina S, et al.
(författare)
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Gene expression in placenta, peripheral and cord blood mononuclear cells from allergic and non-allergic women
- 2014
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: The influence of maternal allergy on the development of immune responses and allergy in the offspring is not understood.Objective: To investigate (i) if maternal allergy influences the gene expression locally in placenta, systemically in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and fetally in cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMC), (ii) if the gene expression in the placenta and PBMC influences the gene expression in CBMC and (iii) how the gene expression at birth relates to allergy development during childhood.Methods: A real-time PCR array was used to quantify forty immune regulatory genes in placenta, PBMC (gestational week 39) and in CBMC from 7 allergic and 12 non-allergic women and their offspring. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure mRNA expression of Tbx21, GATA-3, Foxp3, RORC and CCL22 in CBMC, selected based on present PCR array results and previous protein findings in cord blood, in 13 children who developed and 11 children who did not develop allergy during childhood.Results: The gene expression profile in the placenta revealed a T-helper (Th) 2-/anti-inflammatory environment as compared with gene expression systemically, in PBMC. Maternal allergy was associated with increased expression of p35 in PBMC and CBMC and p40 in placenta. Placental p35 expression correlated with fetal Tbx21 expression (Rho=-0.88, p<0.001) and maternal IL-5 expression in PBMC with fetal Galectin-1 (Rho=0.91, p<0.001) expression. Allergy development in the children was preceded by high mRNA expression of the Th2-associated chemokine CCL22 at birth.Conclusion and clinical relevance: Gene expression locally and systemically during pregnancy influenced the offspring’s gene expression at birth, indicating an interplay between maternal and fetal immunity. Children developing allergy during childhood had an increased expression of the Th2-associated chemokine CCL22 at birth, indicating a Th2 skewing before disease onset. Maternal allergy was not associated with a Th2-dominance in placenta, PBMC or CBMC.
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| 5. |
- Abelius, Martina S, et al.
(författare)
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High cord blood levels of the T-helper 2-associated chemokines CCL17 and CCL22 precede allergy development during the first 6 years of life
- 2011
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Ingår i: Pediatric Research. - 0031-3998 .- 1530-0447. ; 70:5, s. 495-500
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exposure to a strong T-helper 2 (Th2)-like environment during fetal development may promote allergy development. Increased cord blood (CB) levels of the Th2-associated chemokine CCL22 were associated with allergy development during the first 2 y of life. The aim of the present study was to determine whether CB Th1- and Th2-associated chemokine levels are associated with allergy development during the first 6 y of life, allowing assessment of respiratory allergic symptoms usually developing in this period. The CB levels of cytokines, chemokines, and total IgE were determined in 56 children of 20 women with allergic symptoms and 36 women without allergic symptoms. Total IgE and allergen-specific IgE antibody levels were quantified at 6, 12, 24 mo, and 6 y of age. Increased CB CCL22 levels were associated with development of allergic sensitization and asthma and increased CCL17 levels with development of allergic symptoms, including asthma. Sensitized children with allergic symptoms showed higher CB CCL17 and CCL22 levels and higher ratios between these Th2-associated chemokines and the Th1-associated chemokine CXCL10 than nonsensitized children without allergic symptoms. A pronounced Th2 deviation at birth, reflected by increased CB CCL17 and CCL22 levels, and increased CCL22/CXCL10 and CCL17/CXCL10 ratios might promote allergy development later in life.
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| 6. |
- Abelius, Martina S, et al.
(författare)
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Th2-like chemokine levels are increased in allergic children and influenced by maternal immunity during pregnancy
- 2014
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Ingår i: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0905-6157 .- 1399-3038. ; 25:4, s. 387-393
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The influence of the intra-uterine environment on the immunity and allergy development in the offspring is unclear. We aimed to investigate (i) whether the pregnancy magnifies the Th2 immunity in allergic and non-allergic women, (ii) whether the maternal chemokine levels during pregnancy influenced the offspring’s chemokine levels during childhood and (iii) the relationship between circulating Th1/Th2-associated chemokines and allergy in mothers and children.Methods: The Th1-associated chemokines CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and the Th2- associated chemokines CCL17, CCL18 and CCL22 were quantified by Luminex and ELISA in 20 women with and 36 women without allergic symptoms at gestational week (gw) 10–12, 15–16, 25, 35, 39 and 2 and 12 months post-partum and in their children at birth, 6, 12, 24 months and 6 yr of age. Total IgE levels were measured using ImmunoCAP Technology.Results: The levels of the Th2-like chemokines were not magnified by pregnancy. Instead decreased levels were shown during pregnancy (irrespectively of maternal allergy status) as compared to post-partum. In the whole group, the Th1-like chemokine levels were higher at gw 39 than during the first and second trimester and post-partum. Maternal CXCL11, CCL18 and CCL22 levels during and after pregnancy correlated with the corresponding chemokines in the offspring during childhood. Increased CCL22 and decreased CXCL10 levels in the children were associated with sensitisation and increased CCL17 levels with allergic symptoms during childhood. Maternal chemokine levels were not associated with maternal allergic disease.Conclusions: Allergic symptoms and sensitisation were associated with decreased Th1-and increased Th2-associated chemokine levels during childhood, indicating a Th2 shift in the allergic children, possibly influenced by the maternal immunity during pregnancy.
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| 7. |
- Abelius, Martina S, et al.
(författare)
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The Placental Immune Milieu is Characterized by a Th2- and Anti-Inflammatory Transcription Profile, Regardless of Maternal Allergy, and Associates with Neonatal Immunity
- 2015
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Ingår i: American Journal of Reproductive Immunology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1046-7408 .- 1600-0897. ; 73:5, s. 445-459
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PROBLEM: How maternal allergy affects the systemic and local immunological environment during pregnancy and the immune development of the offspring is unclear.METHOD OF STUDY: Expression of 40 genes was quantified by PCR arrays in placenta, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMC) from 7 allergic and 12 non-allergic women and their offspring.RESULTS: Placental gene expression was dominated by a Th2-/anti-inflammatory profile, irrespectively of maternal allergy, as compared to gene expression in PBMC. p35 expression in placenta correlated with fetal Tbx21 (ρ = -0.88, P < 0.001) and IL-5 expression in PBMC with fetal galectin1 (ρ = 0.91, P < 0.001). Increased expression of Th2-associated CCL22 in CBMC preceded allergy development.CONCLUSIONS: Gene expression locally and systemically during pregnancy was partly associated with the offspring's gene expression, possibly indicating that the immunological milieu is important for fetal immune development. Maternal allergy was not associated with an enhanced Th2 immunity in placenta or PBMC, while a marked prenatal Th2 skewing, shown as increased CCL22 mRNA expression, might contribute to postnatal allergy development.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Andersson, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Inkomst- och förmögenhetsfördelningen för dagens och morgondagens äldre
- 2002
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Ingår i: SOU 2002:29 Bilagedel B. - : Fritzes Offentliga Publikationer. - 913821671X
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report summarizes the changes in the distributions of income and wealth for the Swedish population aged 50+ in the 1990s and discusses potential future developments.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Andersson, Evert, et al.
(författare)
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TOSCA. Rail freight transport : Techno-economic analysis of energy and greenhouse gas reductions
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In Stage 1 of the EU/FP7-funded project TOSCA (Technology Opportunities and Strategies toward Climate-friendly trAnsport) the techno-economical feasibility of different technolo-gies and means to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is being analysed for different modes of transport. This is made over the long-term perspective until 2050, with 2009 as the reference year. This is the report on the rail freight transport market, applicable to the European Union (EU-27).The analysis presented in this report estimates that a number of efficient technologies and means are available, individually and in combination, to significantly reduce energy use and the resulting GHG emissions on the rail freight market until 2050. The analysis has considered the following technologies and means:– heavy freight trains (high payload capacity per metre of train as well as longer trains)– eco-driving, including traffic flow management– energy recovery– high-efficiency machinery in locomotives and electric supply– low air drag– incremental improvements, in particular reduced tare mass of wagons.Despite anticipated higher train speeds in most future train operations the above-mentioned technologies and means have, according to the analysis, the potential to reduce the average energy use per net-tonne-km (tkm) of payload by 40–50 % until 2050. As a consequence also the direct and indirect GHG emissions will be reduced. Energy use and GHG emissions are measured per net-tonne-km, assuming representative load factors in different operations.
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| 15. |
- Andersson, Evert, et al.
(författare)
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TOSCA. Rail passenger transport : Techno-economic analysis of energy and greenhouse gas reductions
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In Stage 1 of the EU/FP7-funded project TOSCA (Technology Opportunities and Strategies toward Climate-friendly trAnsport) the techno-economical feasibility of different technologies and means to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is being analysed for the different modes of transport. This is made in the long-term perspective until 2050, with 2009 as the reference year. This is the report on rail passenger transport, applicable to the European Union (EU-27).The present report has been subject to review among railway experts, representing train suppliers, railway operators as well as academia. They have also responded to a questionnaire. Further, a workshop was held, where the report with assumptions and results was discussed.In the analysis presented in this report it is estimated that a number of efficient improvements that, individually and in combination, are available in order to significantly reduce energy use and the resulting GHG emissions on the rail passenger market until 2050. The analysis has considered different technologies and means:– low air drag– low train mass– energy recovery– eco-driving, including traffic flow management– space efficiency in trains (increasing payload per metre of train)– incremental improvements of energy efficiency, in particular reduced losses.Despite anticipated higher average train speeds in the future these combined approaches will, according to the analysis, have the potential to reduce the average specific energy use per passenger-km (pkm) in the order of 45–50 % in the very long term until 2050. As a consequ-ence also the direct and indirect GHG emissions will be reduced. The highest reductions are possible in city and regional rail operations. Reductions are more limited in high-speed opera-tions, because of the advanced technologies already applied. However, high-speed rail has today a comparatively low energy use per passenger-km, partly due to its high average load factor. To be consistent with other work packages of TOSCA, energy use and GHG emissions are measured per passenger-km, assuming representative load factors in different operations.
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| 16. |
- Andersson, Evert, et al.
(författare)
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Varför behövs Nya Stambanor i Sverige?
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Stora investeringar och omdaningar planeras i vårt transportsystem. Transporterna väntas öka starkt i framtiden och mera kapacitet måste skapas på ett hållbart sätt. Diskussionerna om vilka transportmedel som ska prioriteras, såväl som vilka objekt som vi ska satsa på, är livliga.En viktig fråga är satsningen på Nya Stambanor avsedda för snabba persontransporter i de redan idag hårt belastade stråken Stockholm‒Göteborg och Stockholm‒Malmö, med ett stort antal mellanliggande orter. Denna typ av järnvägar finns redan eller planeras i de flesta av världens ledande ekonomier. Syftet med att bygga nya stambanor är att öka den totala kapaciteten för person- och godstrafik på järnväg, öka punktligheten och öka tillgängligheten genom korta restider. Det ger också förutsättningar för större regionala arbetsmarknader och ökat bostadsbyggande utanför storstäderna samt en bättre miljö. Nuvarande stambanor avlastas och lämnar plats för bl a effektivare godstransporter.Denna rapport behandlar först järnvägens egenskaper. Järnvägen är det energieffektivaste transportmedel vi känner till, den tar liten plats och är mycket trafiksäker. Moderna tåg på modern bana är vårt snabbaste transportmedel till lands. Tåg kan bereda plats och komfort för arbete och avkoppling under resan. Enligt författarnas uppfattning bör dessa egenskaper göra järnvägen till ett förstahandsalternativ för effektiva och hållbara transporter i de segment där järnvägen är eller kan bli konkurrenskraftig.Prognoser och analys, samt erfarenheter från utlandet, visar att trafikunderlaget i Sverige är tillräckligt för nya stambanor. Med de förslagna banorna väntas järnvägens totala kapacitet öka till mer än det dubbla i de mest belastade stråken. En viktig faktor är att den snabba och långsamma tågtrafiken separeras. Denna åtgärd ger ökad kapacitet, utöver vad de dubblerade spåren ger, eftersom tågen kan köra tätare efter varandra och störningarna i tågtrafiken minskar.Restiderna för orterna längs de nya stambanorna minskar kraftigt, i regel mellan 30 och 65%. Tillsammans med ökad turtäthet och minskade störningar ger det stora ökningar av tågtrafiken. De officiella prognoserna lider dock av ett antal allvarliga brister, varför både trafikökningen och den samhällsekonomiska lönsamheten beräkningsmässigt framstår som mindre än vad den enligt KTH:s prognoser och internationell erfarenhet borde vara.Författarna anser att anläggningskostnaderna är rimliga i relation till nyttorna och jämfört med vad andra omställningar i samhällets transportsystem kostar. Detsamma gäller den engångs ”klimatskuld” som uppkommer vid de flesta satsningar för framtiden inom alla trafikslag. Nya transportslag i ett tidigt utvecklingsskede (elflyg, magnettåg, Hyperloop etc) är mycket osäkra beträffande när eller om de överhuvudtaget kommer att bli tillgängliga för användning i stor skala. I flera fall skulle krävas stora tekniska genombrott som vi idag inte känner till. Vi anser att man rimligen inte idag kan besluta att satsa på helt nya tekniska system för vilka framtiden är mycket osäker. Vi kan inte heller ”vänta och se”, eftersom ytterligare kapacitet behövs redan idag och ledtiderna är långa.Sammanfattningsvis är de nya stambanorna ett samhällsbyggnadsprojekt och en del i transportsektorns nödvändiga omställning. De ger korta restider och effektiva transporter mellan våra största städer, liksom till och från ett stort antal mellanliggande orter, med omnejd. Godstransporterna kan också få plats på spåren och de kan utvecklas och effektiviseras. Det handlar om hållbar mobilitet för människor och gods i framtiden.
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| 17. |
- Balk, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Widespread episodic thiamine deficiency in Northern Hemisphere wildlife
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many wildlife populations are declining at rates higher than can be explained by known threats to biodiversity. Recently, thiamine (vitamin B-1) deficiency has emerged as a possible contributing cause. Here, thiamine status was systematically investigated in three animal classes: bivalves, ray-finned fishes, and birds. Thiamine diphosphate is required as a cofactor in at least five life-sustaining enzymes that are required for basic cellular metabolism. Analysis of different phosphorylated forms of thiamine, as well as of activities and amount of holoenzyme and apoenzyme forms of thiaminedependent enzymes, revealed episodically occurring thiamine deficiency in all three animal classes. These biochemical effects were also linked to secondary effects on growth, condition, liver size, blood chemistry and composition, histopathology, swimming behaviour and endurance, parasite infestation, and reproduction. It is unlikely that the thiamine deficiency is caused by impaired phosphorylation within the cells. Rather, the results point towards insufficient amounts of thiamine in the food. By investigating a large geographic area, by extending the focus from lethal to sublethal thiamine deficiency, and by linking biochemical alterations to secondary effects, we demonstrate that the problem of thiamine deficiency is considerably more widespread and severe than previously reported.
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| 18. |
- Berg, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Factors influencing limit values for pine needle litter decomposition : A synthesis for boreal and temperate pine forest systems
- 2010
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Ingår i: Biogeochemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0168-2563 .- 1573-515X. ; 100:1, s. 57-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We synthesized available data for decomposition of pine (Pinus) needle litter in pine forests to determine the litter chemical characteristics and climate factors that explained variation in the limit value, i. e. the level of accumulated mass loss at which the decomposition process either continues at a very low rate or possibly stops. Our data base included 56 separate studies on decomposition of pine needle litter, spanning Scots pine, lodgepole pine, Aleppo pine, stone pine and white pine, mainly incubated at the site of collection. Studies had 5 to 19 samplings, on average 10, and the decomposition was followed to a mass loss ranging from 47 to 83%, on average 67%. The periods from 3.0 to 5.4 years, on average 3.9 years, were of sufficient duration to allow estimates of limit values of decomposition. We used a linear mixed model with regression effects to relate limit values to potential explanatory variables, namely the sites' long-term mean annual temperature (MAT) and mean annual precipitation (MAP) and to substrate-chemistry factors. Regarding the latter, we explored two models; one that included initial concentrations of water solubles, lignin, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and Mn and one that included only lignin, N, Ca, and Mn to focus on those nutrients known to influence lignin degradation. Using backward elimination significant explanatory variables were determined. For litter decomposed in its site of origin we found the limit value to depend mainly on the initial concentration of Mn, with higher Mn concentrations resulting in higher accumulated mass loss. Thus, litter with higher Mn reached a higher limit value and left a smaller stable fraction. This is likely due to the fact that Mn is an essential component of ligninolytic enzymes important for degrading litter in the later stages of decomposition. Manganese has received little attention in decomposition studies to date. Given its significance in this synthesis, the role of Mn in influencing variation in the late stages of decomposition among ecosystems and among litters of other genera besides Pinus deserves further attention.
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| 19. |
- Berg, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Sequestration of carbon in the humus layer of Swedish forests - direct measurements
- 2009
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Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Forest Research. - 0045-5067 .- 1208-6037. ; 39:5, s. 962-975
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To determine sequestration rates of carbon dioxide (CO2) we calculated the carbon (C) storage rate in humus layers of Swedish forests with Podsolic soils, which account for 14.2 x 106 ha of the 22.7 x 106 ha of forested land in Sweden. Our data set covered 41 years of humus inventories and mean humus layer thickness in 82513 plots. We analysed three forest types: (i) all combinations of tree species, (ii) forests dominated (>70%) by Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), and (Ui) forests dominated (>70%) by Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). To relate changes in humus layer thickness to land area we used the intersections in 25 km x 25 km grids and used kriging interpolation, permitting calculations for each forest type. For each intersection mean humus thickness for each year was calculated and regressed against time to obtain the rate of change. This rate, humus bulk density, and humus C concentration were used, to calculate sequestration rates. The mean sequestration rate was 251 kg C-ha-1'year1, which is higher than theoretical values. The sequestration rate was positively related to temperature sum, albeit including effects of forest management. The pine-dominated forest type had a mean rate of 283 kgCha⁁year-1, and. the spruce-dominated had a mean rate of 239 kg Cha-1-year1. Under similar site conditions, pine sequestered more C than spruce (difference of 71 kg Cha-1'year-1; p < 0.0001), showing the importance of this type of ecosystem for C sequestration.
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| 20. |
- Berg, H, et al.
(författare)
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Determination of fat content and fatty acid composition in meat and meat products after supercritical fluid extraction
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of AOAC International. - 1060-3271. ; 85:5, s. 1064-1069
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two different relatively simple, commercially available supercritical fluid extractors (SFE), Leco and Foss-Tecator, were tested for the determination of total fat content in meat and meat products. The fatty acid composition in meat and meat products was also determined after the Foss-Tecator extraction in an aliquot of the extract. Total fat was determined by weighing after the different extraction procedures and the fatty acid composition by gas chromatography after hydrolysis and methylation of the extract. The results for total fat content agreed well with results from a standard method of Schmid, Bondzynski, and Ratzlaff, which uses conventional solvent extraction. Fatty acid composition was compared with the Bligh and Dyer extraction, and showed good agreement. The average relative difference between SFE and Bligh and Dyer of all fatty acids in the sample was <3% for acids exceeding 0.5% of total fatty acid amount. The advantages of SFE over traditional methods are a much lower consumption of hazardous organic solvents and shorter extraction times. To obtain quantitative recoveries by SFE, ethanol was added to the extraction cells before extraction.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Berg, Lennart
(författare)
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Age distribution, saving and consumption in Sweden
- 1996
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper focuses on an empirical analysis of the dependency between age structure and aggregate consumption and the composition of aggregate savings. In a long-run consumption function of life cycle type, different demographic variables have a conclusive, statistically significant effect. In investigating the link between demographic variables and the composition of aggregate savings, a simple simultaneous model is used, and a saving function and a house price equation are estimated. The result even here is that age composition matters for house price and savings. This conclusion is also made visible by a simulation experiment. Finally is the model used to ascertain the effect on the recent Swedish tax reform on savings.
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| 23. |
- Berg, Lennart
(författare)
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Age distribution, saving and consumption in Sweden
- 1996
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper focuses on an empirical analysis of the dependency between age structure and aggregate consumption and the composition of aggregate savings. In a long-run consumption function of life cycle type, different demographic variables have a conclusiv
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Berg, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Consumer confidence and consumption in Sweden
- 1996
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The role of confidence indices in explaining consumption growth in Sweden during the period 1975-94 is analysed in this paper. We first analysed which variables influence the levels of the confidence indices. Two important such factors are found to be changes in real interest rates and changes in the inflation rate. Of the two forward-looking indices considered, the one regarding the personal financial situation is found to be more closely related to changes in consumption than the index regarding the general economic situation. The latter has no additional information content in the presence of the former. In a crude analysis the personal financial situation index explains about 37 % of the variance in the growth rate of consumption. The index has an important significant effect even in the presence of other vari-ables in the two types of consumption models that are considered, an Euler equation and a solved-out consumption model. In the latter model, the confidence index increases the ex-plained part of the variance in consumption growth from about 0.69 to 0.76. The real after-tax interest rate and the change in the inflation rate are important determinants of consumption. Financial wealth is more important than housing wealth and changes in debt also influence consumption. The solved-out consumption model is able to reflect the Swedish boom-to-bust cycle in consumption remarkably well.
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| 26. |
- Berg, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Consumer confidence and consumption in Sweden
- 1996
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The role of confidence indices in explaining consumption growth in Sweden during the period 1975-94 is analysed in this paper. We first analysed which variables influence the levels of the confidence indices. Two important such factors are found to be cha
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| 27. |
- Berg, Lennart
(författare)
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Deterministic seasonal volatility in a small and integrated stock market : the case of Sweden
- 2000
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Using daily data for the Swedish stock market for almost the last two decades no distinct and firm deterministic seasonal pattern for the conditional volatility for the Swedish stock market has been found. The daily turnover in the Swedish stock market has an impact on and eliminates to some extent seasonal patterns in conditional volatility. The daily turnover is a proxy variable used to test the mixture distribution model. According to this model the conditional variance of returns will display a GARCH-pattern of behaviour if the number of trades on the stock market during a day are serially correlated. We can also conclude that a feedback from the US stock market to the conditional volatility in the Swedish market exists, and trading days particularly after holidays has a positive impact on the conditional volatility. The test of the model’s mean equation indicates that the Swedish stock market seems to become more and more information efficient, at least in its weak form, if the 1990’s are compared with the 1980’s.
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| 34. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Berg, Lennart
(författare)
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Prices and constant quality price indexes for multi-dwelling and commercial buildings in Sweden
- 2002
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The propose of this paper is to estimate constant quality price trends and analysing factors determining market prices for MDCBs (multi-dwelling and commercial buildings) in Sweden. We use high quality data for housing and municipality attributes and our database consists of almost 8500 observations from the second half of 1995 to the end of 1998. Our econometric test indicates that standard housing and municipality attributes are important determinants to sales prices. We have also employed spatial econometric techniqes and have found that spatial specified regressions improved the explanatory power for the models. The estimated constant quality appreciation rates for all MDCBs differ significantly from those reported by Statistics Sweden. When the constant quality price trend is estimated on a yearly basis there are hardly any differences among the estimated parameters whether all MDCBs are in the sample or if the sample is split up into submarkets. However, estimating quarterly constant quality price trends gives another picture.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Berg, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Short and long run dependence in Swedish stock return
- 1996
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The behaviour of Swedish stock returns over short and long run horizons is analysed. Using monthly data from 1919 to 1995 and, weekly and daily data for the 1980s and first part of the 1990s we hardly found any evidence of long run depend-ence. Using thre
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Berg, Lennart, 1941-, et al.
(författare)
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The Q Theory and the Swedish Housing Market : An Empirical Test
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of real estate finance and economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0895-5638 .- 1573-045X. ; 33:4, s. 329-344
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We argue that major changes in economic policy have resulted in a more market driven demand for housing investment in Sweden, due to policy changes at the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s. Tobin's transparent Q theory is the investment theory used. For the last period of the sample (1993-2003 quarterly data), our results indicate that there exists a high degree of correlation between the Q ratio and the (logarithm of) two different variables for housing investment. An error correction regression model, controlling for structural breaks, also indicates that a stable long-run relationship could be detected for the logarithm of building starts and the Q ratio between 1993-2003, but not between 1981-1992.
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| 47. |
- Berg, Lennart, 1941-, et al.
(författare)
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The Q Theory and the Swedish Housing Market - An Empirical Test
- 2005
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- We argue that major changes in economic policy have resulted in a more market driven demand for housing investment in Sweden as a result of changes in policy during the end of the 1980s and beginning of the 1990s. The used investment theory is Tobin’s transparent Q theory. Our results indicate, for the last period of the sample (1993-2003 quarterly data) that a high degree of correlation between the Q ratio and the (logarithm of) two different variables for housing investment exist. An error correction regression model, controlling for structural breaks, indicates also a stable long run relationship could be detected for the logarithm of building starts and the Q ratio between 1993-2003 but not between 1981-1992.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Clausson, Eva K., 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Ethical challenges for school nurses in documenting schoolchildren's health
- 2008
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Ingår i: Nursing Ethics. - 0969-7330 .- 1477-0989. ; 15:1, s. 40-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explored Swedish school nurses' experiences of school health record documentation. Fifty per cent of a representative sample of Swedish school nurses (n = 129) reported difficulties with documenting mental and social health problems in family relationships, schoolchildren's behaviour, and school situations. Ethical considerations concerning fears of misinterpretation and practical barriers to documentation were expressed as reasons for their worries. Mental and social ill health is an increasing and often dominating problem among schoolchildren, thus proper documentation is a basic issue, both for individuals and for the population as a whole. School nurses obviously need professional guidance regarding documentation and ethical challenges. Systematic effort should be directed towards recognition and support of these nurses' unique opportunities to consider, follow and promote all aspects of schoolchildren's health.
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| 50. |
- Clausson, Eva K., et al.
(författare)
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Ethical challenges for school nurses in documenting schoolchildren's health
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Nursing Ethics. - : SAGE Publications Ltd. - 0969-7330 .- 1477-0989. ; 15:1, s. 40-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explored Swedish school nurses' experiences of school health record documentation. Fifty per cent of a representative sample of Swedish school nurses (n = 129) reported difficulties with documenting mental and social health problems in family relationships, schoolchildren's behaviour, and school situations. Ethical considerations concerning fears of misinterpretation and practical barriers to documentation were expressed as reasons for their worries. Mental and social ill health is an increasing and often dominating problem among schoolchildren, thus proper documentation is a basic issue, both for individuals and for the population as a whole. School nurses obviously need professional guidance regarding documentation and ethical challenges. Systematic effort should be directed towards recognition and support of these nurses' unique opportunities to consider, follow and promote all aspects of schoolchildren's health.
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