| 1. |
- Berg, Tove, et al.
(författare)
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Gene expression analysis of membrane transporters and drug-metabolizing enzymes in the lung of healthy and COPD subjects.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Pharmacology research & perspectives. - : Wiley. - 2052-1707. ; 2:4, s. e00054-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study describes for the first time the expression levels of genes encoding membrane transporters and drug-metabolizing enzymes in the lungs of ex-smoking patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Membrane transporters and drug-metabolizing enzymes are key determinants of drug uptake, metabolism, and elimination for systemically administered as well as inhaled drugs, with consequent influence on clinical efficacy and patient safety. In this study, while no difference in gene expression was found between healthy and COPD subjects, we identified a significant regional difference in mRNA expression of both membrane transporters and drug-metabolizing enzymes between central and peripheral tissue in both healthy and COPD subjects. The majority of the differentially expressed genes were higher expressed in the central airways such as the transporters SLC2A1 (GLUT1), SLC28A3 (CNT3), and SLC22A4 (OCTN1) and the drug-metabolizing enzymes GSTZ1, GSTO2, and CYP2F1. Together, this increased knowledge of local pharmacokinetics in diseased and normal lung may improve modeling of clinical outcomes of new chemical entities intended for inhalation therapy delivered to COPD patients. In addition, based on the similarities between COPD and healthy subjects regarding gene expression of membrane transporters and drug-metabolizing enzymes, our results suggest that clinical pharmacological studies in healthy volunteers could be a valid model of COPD patients regarding drug disposition of inhaled drugs in terms of drug metabolism and drug transporters.
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| 2. |
- Alkner, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Quality assessment of radiotherapy in the prospective randomized SENOMAC trial
- 2024
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Ingår i: Radiotherapy and Oncology. - 0167-8140 .- 1879-0887. ; 197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and purpose: Recommendations for regional radiotherapy (RT) of sentinel lymph node (SLN)-positive breast cancer are debated. We here report a RT quality assessment of the SENOMAC trial.Materials and Methods: The SENOMAC trial randomized clinically node-negative breast cancer patients with 1–2 SLN macrometastases to completion axillary lymph node dissection (cALND) or SLN biopsy only between 2015–2021. Adjuvant RT followed national guidelines. RT plans for patients included in Sweden and Denmark until June 2019 were collected (N = 1176) and compared to case report forms (CRF). Dose to level I (N = 270) and the humeral head (N = 321) was analyzed in detail.Results: CRF-data and RT plans agreed in 99.3 % (breast/chest wall) and in 96.6 % of patients (regional RT). Congruence for whether level I was an intended RT target was lower (78 %). In accordance with Danish national guidelines, level I was more often an intended target in the SLN biopsy only arm (N = 334/611, 55 %,) than in the cALND arm (N = 174/565, 31 %,). When an intended target, level I received prescribed dose to 100 % (IQR 98–100 %) of the volume. However, even when not an intended target, full dose was delivered to > 80 % of level I (IQR 75–90 %). The intentional inclusion of level I in the target volume more than doubled the dose received by ≥ 50 % of the humeral head.Conclusion: Congruence between CRF data and RT plans was excellent. Level I received a high dose coverage even when not intentionally included in the target. Including level I in target significantly increased dose to the humeral head.
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| 3. |
- Alkner, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Quality assessment of radiotherapy in the prospective randomized SENOMAC trial
- 2024
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Ingår i: Radiotherapy and Oncology. - : Elsevier. - 0167-8140 .- 1879-0887. ; 197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and purpose: Recommendations for regional radiotherapy (RT) of sentinel lymph node (SLN)-positive breast cancer are debated. We here report a RT quality assessment of the SENOMAC trial. Materials and Methods: The SENOMAC trial randomized clinically node-negative breast cancer patients with 1-2 SLN macrometastases to completion axillary lymph node dissection (cALND) or SLN biopsy only between 2015-2021. Adjuvant RT followed national guidelines. RT plans for patients included in Sweden and Denmark until June 2019 were collected (N = 1176) and compared to case report forms (CRF). Dose to level I (N = 270) and the humeral head (N = 321) was analyzed in detail.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Berg, Tove
(författare)
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C/EBP transcription factors in lung cellular differentiation and development
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- During embryonic development the lung is lined with a primitive epithelium. As development proceeds, the epithelium matures and differentiates into several cell types that together with cells of mesenchymal origin constitute the adult lung. From studies investigating the regulation of differentiation-dependent genes in the lung, such as the Clara Cell Secretory Protein (Ccsp/Scgb1a1), a role for CCAAT/enhancer binder protein (C/EBP) transcription factors in lung cellular differentiation has been suggested. As C/EBPs have been shown to be important regulators of development, differentiation and proliferation in other organs, their expression was investigated during mouse lung development. C/EBPalpha, C/EBPbeta and C/EBPdelta were detected from late pseudoglandular stage and expression increased prior to birth, correlating with the extensive cellular differentiation, and onset of Ccsp/Scgb1a1 expression, that occurs during this period. When investigating combinatorial actions of C/EBPs and other transcription factors in the regulation of Ccsp/Scgb1a1, C/EBPalpha was found to synergistically transactivate the promoter together with the epithelial-specific transcription factor NKX2.1. Together with the expression-pattern of C/EBPalpha, this indicates that the synergy could be a major determinant for the high-level, epithelial-specific expression of Ccsp/Scgb1a1 in adult lung, and for the onset of Ccsp/Scgb1a1 during development. To further examine the role of C/EBPalpha during lung development we generated transgenic mice ectopically expressing C/EBPalpha in the lung epithelium using the human Surfactant protein-C promoter, giving a premature, more widespread C/EBPalpha expression. Lungs from these mice were characterized by fewer and larger developing epithelial tubules. However no defects in overall proliferation or cellular differentiation were observed. A similar phenotype was observed in Cebpa-/- mice and we suggest that these similar phenotypes could possibly stem from dysregulation of airway branching. From our results we conclude that C/EBPalpha has a role in the later stages of lung development. Glucocorticoids stimulate cellular differentiation during late lung development. In other organs, a role for C/EBPs in glucocorticoid signaling has been suggested. We investigated the role of C/EBPs in the action of glucocorticoids in the lung epithelium by studying the regulation of the Ccsp/Scgb1a1 and CYP2B1 genes. Both these genes are positively regulated by glucocorticoids and C/EBPs. However functional binding sites for the glucorticoid receptor have not been found in their promoters. In transient transfection studies using a lung epithelial cell line, we found that glucocorticoids induced expression from the Ccsp/Scgb1a1 and CYP2B1 promoters. In both promoters, induction was lost when the C/EBP-binding sites were mutated. Electro-phoretic mobility shift assays revealed that glucocorticoids increased the DNA-binding activity of C/EBPbeta and C/EBPdelta within 10 minutes. The effect was mediated through the glucocorticoid receptor, independent of protein synthesis and involved phosphorylation of C/EBPbeta at residue Thr235. We further demonstrated that C/EBPbeta is the predominant C/EBP-factor in both human and mouse lung epithelium and that glucocorticoids increase DNA-binding of C/EBPbeta in primary cells from mouse lung. These results indicate a previously unknown role for C/EBP-transcription factors in glucocorticoid signaling in the lung epithelium.
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| 6. |
- Berg, Tove, et al.
(författare)
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Heart failure in childhood cancer survivors-a systematic review protocol.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Systematic reviews. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2046-4053. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the past decades, the survival rate for childhood cancer has greatly improved. However, the risk of late cardiac complications after cancer treatment remains high. Previous studies have shown that the risk for heart failure among childhood cancer survivors is significantly higher than that observed in varying control populations. The aim of this systematic review is to identify, critically appraise, and synthesize existing population-based studies reporting on the frequency of heart failure, both the incidence and prevalence, that may develop after treatment for childhood cancer.The following databases will be searched from their inception date until May 17, 2021: MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, CAB International, AMED, Global Health, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Population-based studies reporting on the incidence and/or prevalence of heart failure after the treatment of any type of childhood cancer will be included. The screening of articles, data extraction, and quality assessment will be performed independently by two reviewers. The quality and risk of bias in the included studies will be assessed by using the Effective Public Health Practice Project tool. A narrative synthesis of the extracted data will be carried out, and for studies that are sufficiently homogenous, a meta-analysis using random-effects models will be performed.This systematic review will provide a clearer picture of the epidemiology of heart failure after the treatment of childhood cancer. The collected data will be of value for future childhood cancer treatment protocols and will offer guidance for posttreatment cardiac surveillance among survivors.PROSPERO CRD42021247622 . Registered on April 28, 2021. This protocol follows the structure of the recommendation of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P).
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| 7. |
- Berg, Tove, et al.
(författare)
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Naturvägledning i Sverige 2022 - nuläge och framtidsperspektiv
- 2022
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- I den här rapporten presenteras en nulägesbeskrivning av naturvägledning i Sverige samt utmaningar och möjligheter när vi blickar framåt. Rapportens första del fokuserar på naturvägledning hos kommuner och länsstyrelser och hur naturvägledning kommer in i deras arbete idag. Granskningarna tar sin grund i Naturvårdsverkets enkäter om kommuners och länsstyrelsers arbete för att nå friluftsmålen, åren 2019–2022. Genom en tematisk analys söker vi efter trender i deras strategier, metoder och motiv till naturvägledning. Denna nulägesbeskrivning behandlar alltså naturvägledning som sker genom kommuner och länsstyrelser och omfattar inte naturvägledning som andra aktörer utövar och organiserar. Den andra delen av rapporten består av en framtidsspaning om naturvägledning i Sverige. Den tar sin grund i en enkätundersökning som gick ut till SLU Centrum för naturväglednings (CNV:s) sändlista i juni 2022. I sändlistan ingår inte bara naturvägledare inom kommun och länsstyrelse, utan även personer som jobbar med naturvägledning på andra ställen, till exempel inom ideella organisationer, företag, myndigheter och besökscenter. Enkäten besvarades av 155 personer och syftade till att ta del av naturvägledares egna tankar om vilka trender och aktörer som kan påverka naturvägledning framöver, var naturvägledning behövs, och hur naturvägledning kan stärkas. Rapporten pekar på ett antal centrala slutsatser. I nulägesbeskrivningen framkommer ett stort fokus på naturvägledningens roll för att främja hållbara naturbesök, i en situation där ett högt besökstryck på många platser inneburit ökat slitage. Kopplingen mellan hälsa och naturvistelse tar också en central plats och återkommer som ett motiv för naturvägledning idag, särskilt i länsstyrelsernas arbete. I kommunernas arbete finns en växande trend kring kulturupplevelser i naturen, vilket öppnar för nya sätt att vistas i natur- och kulturmiljöer. Det kan eventuellt även locka nya grupper som inte är lika vana att ta sig ut i naturen. För både kommuner och länsstyrelser finns också en tendens att naturvägledning ökat något under de fyra år som nulägesbeskrivningen omfattar. I framtidsspaningen ger enkäten resultaten att (1) en svagare relation till naturen, samt (2) klimat- och naturkrisen betraktas som de viktigaste omvärldstrenderna som påverkar naturvägledningens framtid. Enkäten visar också att de som svarat tycker att naturvägledning behöver stärkas i skolan, i tätorter samt i vården. Men också på att det finns ett behov av att försöka nå de ”inte redan frälsta”, genom att nå ut med naturvägledning till en bredare skara. En större distans till naturen, både mentalt och fysiskt, samt en minskande kunskap om allemansrätten betraktas som både risker och motiv för naturvägledning i framtiden. Till sist lyfts ett växande intresse för utomhusvistelse och friluftsliv som en trend där naturvägledning kan och bör spela en viktig roll. Naturvägledning är en del av friluftspolitiken men också ett område i sin egen rätt. Det inbegriper en central folkbildningsidé som motiverar naturvägledare liksom många aktörer i friluftslivet. För att naturvägledning ska nå sin fulla potential – både inom friluftsarbetet och generellt för att stärka relationen till och stöd för vård av natur- och kulturmiljöer – behöver området stärkas och utvecklas både i arbetet med framtidens friluftsliv och naturvård. Naturvägledning har potential att vara en viktig del i arbetet med de friluftspolitiska målen, men också för att genomföra de nationella och internationella miljö- och hållbarhetsmålen. Naturvägledning kan bidra till en djupare kunskap och starkare känsla för natur och människan som del av naturen och till engagemang för naturvård. Sammantaget ger denna rapport en tydlig bild av naturvägledningens betydelse i Sverige och att den behöver stöttas och vidareutvecklas i samarbete mellan många aktörer i samhället. Med fokus på upptäckarglädje och inspiration kan naturvägledning bidra till att skapa delaktighet, engagemang och omsorg för vår gemensamma livsmiljö och alla som lever här.
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| 8. |
- Evang, Johan Arild, et al.
(författare)
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Different levels of various glucocorticoid-regulated genes in corticotroph adenomas
- 2013
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Ingår i: Endocrine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1355-008X .- 1559-0100. ; 44:1, s. 220-227
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently, correlations between corticotroph tumor dedifferentiation and both E-cadherin immunostaining and reduced mRNA expression of the E-cadherin gene (CDH1) have been demonstrated. The purpose of this study was to explore whether tumor dedifferentiation correlated with glucocorticoid resistance and whether the resistance was associated with both positively and negatively regulated genes. Tumor material from 20 patients with verified Cushing's disease or Nelson's syndrome operated on at Rikshospitalet, Oslo. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis of genes such as E-cadherin (CDH1), proopiomelanocortin (POMC), glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ), and thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) was performed. The correlations between the expression of the GILZ, TXNIP, and POMC genes in different stages of corticotroph adenomas, the E-cadherin mRNA expression and staining pattern, and the preoperative 24-h cortisol excretion were examined. The GILZ and TXNIP expression levels were positively correlated to the CDH1 expression and were highest in microadenomas and in tumors with a high membranous E-cadherin reactivity. In contrast, the POMC expression was not significantly different between the groups. This divergence between the genes that were positively and negatively regulated by glucocorticoids could not be supported by other gene expression analyses. No correlations to urinary cortisol were found. The expression of the glucocorticoid-responsive genes POMC, GILZ, and TXNIP in corticotroph adenomas showed a remarkable variation. The pattern and variability of glucocorticoid resistance in corticotroph adenomas seem to correlate with a loss of the epithelial phenotype associated with corticotroph tumor dedifferentiation.
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| 9. |
- Evang, Johan Arild, et al.
(författare)
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Reduced levels of E-cadherin correlate with progression of corticotroph pituitary tumours
- 2011
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Ingår i: Clinical Endocrinology. - Oxford : Wiley. - 0300-0664 .- 1365-2265. ; 75:6, s. 811-818
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES:Loss of E-cadherin is an important marker of epithelial tumour progression. The aims of this study were to explore whether E-cadherin expression and localization correlate to corticotroph tumour progression, relate the expression of the E-cadherin gene (CDH1) to immunohistochemical E-cadherin staining pattern, and study whether the E-cadherin levels were correlated to methylation status of the CDH1 promoter region.DESIGN:Immunohistochemical analyses of E-cadherin protein were performed, as was RT-qPCR of the CDH1 and the POMC genes. Methylation pattern of the promoter region of CDH1 was measured using pyrosequencing of bisulfite-treated DNA.PATIENTS:Forty-five patients operated at a tertiary referral centre in Oslo, Norway. Adenoma tissue sections and RNA samples from patients with verified Cushing's disease or Nelson's syndrome were collected.MEASUREMENTS:Expression of E-cadherin mRNA and protein in pituitary corticotroph adenomas and average percentage of methylated cytosines in a cytosine-phosphate-guanosine island of the CDH1 promoter.RESULTS:Correlations were observed between tumour progression and both nuclear expression of E-cadherin and reduced CDH1 mRNA. The E-cadherin expression was not determined by the methylation pattern of the CDH1 promoter.CONCLUSIONS:Corticotroph tumour progression was associated with reduced expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin.
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| 10. |
- Fougner, Stine Lyngvi, et al.
(författare)
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The expression of E-cadherin in somatotroph pituitary adenomas is related to tumor size, invasiveness, and somatostatin analog response
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 95:5, s. 2334-2342
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONTEXT: Appropriate cell-to-cell adhesion is fundamental for the epithelial phenotype of pituitary cells. Loss of the adhesion protein E-cadherin has been associated with invasiveness, metastasis, and poor prognosis in cancers of epithelial origin. In somatotroph adenomas, a variable and reduced expression of E-cadherin has been demonstrated. In addition, nuclear translocation of E-cadherin was found to correlate with pituitary tumor invasion.OBJECTIVE: The objective was to examine the protein expression of E-cadherin in somatotroph pituitary adenomas in relation to adenoma size, invasiveness, and somatostatin analog (SMS) efficacy.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighty-three patients were included, and 29 were treated preoperatively with SMS. Adenoma E-cadherin protein expression was analyzed by Western blot (61 patients) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) (80 patients) with antibodies directed against both extracellular and intracellular domains (IHC). The acute (direct surgery group) and long-term (preoperatively treated group) SMS responses were evaluated. Baseline tumor volume and invasiveness were measured on magnetic resonance imaging scans.RESULTS: Membranous E-cadherin was lost in several adenomas. Nine of these were nuclear E-cadherin positive. The E-cadherin protein expression correlated negatively to tumor size and positively to acute SMS response. Low E-cadherin levels (preoperatively treated group only) and loss of membranous E-cadherin correlated to tumor invasiveness. The E-cadherin level correlated positively to tumor reduction after SMS treatment, and adenomas with nuclear E-cadherin staining had lower IGF-I reduction and tumor shrinkage. Preoperatively treated adenomas had reduced E-cadherin protein levels, but the IHC expression was unaltered.CONCLUSION: Reduced E-cadherin expression may correlate to a dedifferentiated phenotype in the somatotroph pituitary adenomas.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Harnett, Tove, 1979-
(författare)
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The Trivial Matters : Everyday power in Swedish elder care
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This is a study about fairly ordinary situations in elder care: how staff deal with older people’s influence, how staff talk about older people’s complaints, how family members talk about elder mistreatment, and how older people act in order to exert influence in a nursing home. However ordinary, these are situations where relational power is accentuated, accomplished and able to be empirically explored. The aim here is to analyze power and influence as social phenomena in elder care. More specifically, the aims are 1) to analyze the political and bureaucratic frame in which older people have formal “voice” options; 2) to analyze staff members’ “folk logic” as they respond to residents’ complaints in Swedish nursing homes; 3) to analyze how family members of care recipients define and sustain claims of elder mistreatment; and 4) to ethnographically depict how older people’s attempts at influence unfold in everyday interactions in a nursing home and how these attempts can be understood in the context of a “local routine culture.”Several kinds of empirical material have been used: 100 structured telephone interviews with local municipal officials, 13 qualitative interviews with nursing home staff, 21 interviews with family members of care recipients, and ethnographic data comprised of field notes and field-based interviews from five months of observation in a nursing home.The findings demonstrate the difficulties of turning policies about older people’s influence into practice. Yet, the main finding is not the “policy–practice gap” per se, but rather an understanding of how this gap is situationally shaped and maintained. The dissertation shows how the subtleties of actions and talk have powerful implications, and can constitute barriers to older people’s influence. Two examples are the “rhetoric of trivialization” and a “local routine culture”; both can easily and quite inconspicuously restrict older people’s autonomy and influence. A routine culture is a locally and situationally generated action repertoire and as such provides an understanding of how routines shape power relations in a nursing home. The findings also show how a rhetoric of trivialization can function as a power resource, through which older people’s and family members’ views are “made trivial” by the ways they are described and rhetorically treated by staff and local officials. Through the use of trivializing accounts, staff members legitimized their neglect of complaints and restrictions of older people’s influence. The study argues that by recognizing how older people’s influence is “made trivial,” we gain an understanding of how to accomplish just the opposite. Local routines and accountability practices have a strong inertia, but the findings indicate that if actors reframe influence and complaints, they may substantially affect power relations in elder care.
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| 13. |
- Henningsson, Louise, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Disease-dependent local IL-10 production ameliorates collagen induced arthritis in mice
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic destructive autoimmune disease characterised by periods of flare and remission. Today’s treatment is based on continuous immunosuppression irrespective of the patient’s inflammatory status. When the disease is in remission the therapy is withdrawn but withdrawal attempts often results in inflammatory flares, and re-start of the therapy is commenced when the inflammation again is prominent which leads both to suffering and increased risk of tissue destruction. An attractive alternative treatment would provide a disease-regulated therapy that offers increased anti-inflammatory effect during flares and is inactive during periods of remission. To explore this concept we expressed the immunoregulatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 gene under the control of an inflammation dependent promoter in a mouse model of RA - collagen type II (CII) induced arthritis (CIA). Haematopoetic stem cells (HSCs) were transduced with lentiviral particles encoding the IL-10 gene (LNT-IL-10), or a green fluorescence protein (GFP) as control gene (LNT-GFP), driven by the inflammation-dependent IL-1/IL-6 promoter. Twelve weeks after transplantation of transduced HSCs into DBA/1 mice, CIA was induced. We found that LNT-IL-10 mice developed a reduced severity of arthritis compared to controls. The LNT-IL-10 mice exhibited both increased mRNA expression levels of IL-10 as well as increased amount of IL-10 produced by B cells and non-B APCs locally in the lymph nodes compared to controls. These findings were accompanied by increased mRNA expression of the IL-10 induced suppressor of cytokine signalling 1 (SOCS1) in lymph nodes and a decrease in the serum protein levels of IL-6. We also found a decrease in both frequency and number of B cells and serum levels of anti-CII antibodies. Thus, inflammation-dependent IL-10 therapy suppresses experimental autoimmune arthritis and is a promising candidate in the development of novel treatments for RA.
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| 14. |
- Joelsson, Tove, et al.
(författare)
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Unique steel belt press technology for development of high strength papers from HYP
- 2021
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Ingår i: TAPPICon Virtual 2021. - : TAPPI Press. - 9781713829683 ; , s. 523-531
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The dry strength properties of hot pressed moist paper improved as stiff high-yield pulp (HYP) fibers soften and the sheet density increased. Very high wet strength was also achieved without adding strengthening agents. This research focuses on a new hot-pressing methodology based on a steel belt-based pilot cylinder press with infrared heating. The heated steel belt transports the moist paper into the cylinder nip with two adjacent steel rollers with adjustable nip pressure. The temperature ranges up to 300°C, maximum speed is 5 m/min, maximum pulling force from the steel belt is 70 kN and the line load in the two press nips is 15 kN/m each. High peak pressures are possible due to the hard press nip between steel rolls and steel belt, allowing a good heat transfer to the paper. The long dwell time allows strained drying of the paper which results to high density and high wet strength. Paper samples from high-yield pulps were tested at different nip pressures, temperatures and machine speeds while the dry content was kept constant at about 63%. High nip pressure showed the largest effect on densification and dry strength. While high temperature and long dwell time seem to be most important in achieving high wet strength.
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| 15. |
- Joelsson, Tove, et al.
(författare)
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Unique steel belt press technology for high strength papers from high yield pulp
- 2021
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Ingår i: SN Applied Sciences. - : Springer. - 2523-3963 .- 2523-3971. ; 3:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The dry strength properties of hot-pressed moist paper improved as stiff high-yield pulp fibers soften and the sheet density increased. Very high wet strength was also achieved without adding strengthening agents. This research focuses on a new hot-pressing methodology based on a steel belt-based pilot cylinder press with infrared heating. The heated steel belt transports the moist paper into the cylinder nip with two adjacent steel rollers with adjustable nip pressure. The temperature ranges up to 300 °C, maximum speed is 5 m/min, maximum pulling force from the steel belt is 70 kN and the line load in the two press nips is 15 kN/m each. High peak pressures are possible due to the hard press nip between steel rolls and steel belt, allowing a good heat transfer to the paper. The long dwell time allows strained drying of the paper which results to high density and high wet strength. Paper samples from high-yield pulps were tested at different nip pressures, temperatures and machine speeds while the dry content was kept constant at about 63%. High nip pressure showed the largest effect on densification and dry strength. While high temperature and long dwell time seem to be most important in achieving high wet strength.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Lekva, Tove, et al.
(författare)
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Epithelial Splicing Regulator Protein 1 and Alternative Splicing in Somatotroph Adenomas
- 2013
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Ingår i: Endocrinology. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0013-7227 .- 1945-7170. ; 154:9, s. 3331-3343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Somatotroph adenomas secrete supraphysiological amounts of GH, causing acromegaly. We have previously hypothesized that epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) may play a central role in the progression of these adenomas and that epithelial splicing regulator 1 (ESRP1) may function prominently as a master regulator of the EMT process in pituitary adenomas causing acromegaly. To further elucidate the role of ESRP1 in somatotroph adenomas and in EMT progression, we used RNA sequencing (RNAseq) to sequence somatotroph adenomas characterized by high and low ESRP1 levels. Transcripts identified by RNAseq were analyzed in 65 somatotroph adenomas and in GH-producing pituitary rat cells with a specific knockdown of Esrp1. The clinical importance of the transcripts was further investigated by correlating mRNA expression levels with clinical indices of disease activity and treatment response. Many of the transcripts and isoforms identified by RNAseq and verified by quantitative PCR were involved in vesicle transport and calcium signaling and were associated with clinical outcomes. Silencing Esrp1 in GH3 cells resulted in changes of gene expression overlapping the data observed in human somatotroph adenomas and revealed a decreased granulation pattern and attenuated GH release. We observed an alternative splicing pattern for F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 20, depending on the ESPR1 levels and on changes in circulating IGF-I levels after somatostatin analog treatment. Our study indicates that ESRP1 in somatotroph adenomas regulates transcripts that may be essential in the EMT progression and in the response to somatostatin analog treatment.
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| 18. |
- Niaudet, Colin, et al.
(författare)
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Gpr116 Receptor Regulates Distinctive Functions in Pneumocytes and Vascular Endothelium
- 2015
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 10:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite its known expression in both the vascular endothelium and the lung epithelium, until recently the physiological role of the adhesion receptor Gpr116/ADGRF5 has remained elusive. We generated a new mouse model of constitutive Gpr116 inactivation, with a large genetic deletion encompassing exon 4 to exon 21 of the Gpr116 gene. This model allowed us to confirm recent results defining Gpr116 as necessary regulator of surfactant homeostasis. The loss of Gpr116 provokes an early accumulation of surfactant in the lungs, followed by a massive infiltration of macrophages, and eventually progresses into an emphysemalike pathology. Further analysis of this knockout model revealed cerebral vascular leakage, beginning at around 1.5 months of age. Additionally, endothelial-specific deletion of Gpr116 resulted in a significant increase of the brain vascular leakage. Mice devoid of Gpr116 developed an anatomically normal and largely functional vascular network, surprisingly exhibited an attenuated pathological retinal vascular response in a model of oxygen-induced retinopathy. These data suggest that Gpr116 modulates endothelial properties, a previously unappreciated function despite the pan-vascular expression of this receptor. Our results support the key pulmonary function of Gpr116 and describe a new role in the central nervous system vasculature.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Nyström, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Human Enterovirus Species B in Ileocecal Crohn's Disease
- 2013
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Ingår i: Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 2155-384X. ; 4:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Advanced ileocecal Crohn's disease (ICD) is characterized by strictures, inflammation in the enteric nervous system (myenteric plexitis), and a high frequency ofNOD2mutations. Recent findings implicate a role ofNOD2and another CD susceptibility gene,ATG16L1, in the host response against single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) viruses. However, the role of viruses in CD is unknown. We hypothesized that human enterovirus species B (HEV-B), which are ssRNA viruses with dual tropism both for the intestinal epithelium and the nervous system, could play a role in ICD.METHODS:We used immunohistochemistry andin situhybridization to study the general presence of HEV-B and the presence of the two HEV-B subspecies, Coxsackie B virus (CBV) and Echovirus, in ileocecal resections from 9 children with advanced, stricturing ICD and 6 patients with volvulus, and in intestinal biopsies from 15 CD patients at the time of diagnosis.RESULTS:All patients with ICD had disease-associated polymorphisms inNOD2orATG16L1. Positive staining for HEV-B was detected both in the mucosa and in myenteric nerve ganglia in all ICD patients, but in none of the volvulus patients. Expression of the cellular receptor for CBV, CAR, was detected in nerve cell ganglia.CONCLUSIONS:The common presence of HEV-B in the mucosa and enteric nervous system of ICD patients in this small cohort is a novel finding that warrants further investigation to analyze whether HEV-B has a role in disease onset or progress. The presence of CAR in myenteric nerve cell ganglia provides a possible route of entry for CBV into the enteric nervous system.
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| 21. |
- Persson, Tove, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Older people's 'Voices' on Paper : A Case Study of Sweden
- 2008
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Ingår i: Transforming elderly care at local, national and transnational levels.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The official rhetoric of welfare states unconditionally pays tribute to older people’s right to express dissatisfaction. In practice, users of ‘older service’ in welfare states may be deprived of their ‘exit’ option and face considerable constraints when it comes to raising their ‘voices’. For example, when older people in nursing homes would like to lodge a complaint, they may well be referred to the very staff members they depend upon in their everyday life. This article analyses a national case in which these contradictory tendencies are especially explicit: formal influence channels for older people in Sweden. Using data from structured interviews with 100 representatives of Swedish municipalities, and drawing on Hirschman’s (1970) theory on exit and voice, the article analyses obstacles for older service users’ influence in Sweden and develops explanations for these obstacles in terms of social contexts.
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| 22. |
- Persson, Tove, et al.
(författare)
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Older people's "voices" - On paper : Obstacles to influence in welfare states - A Case Study of Sweden
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Aging & Social Policy. - 0895-9420 .- 1545-0821. ; 21:1, s. 94-111
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The official rhetoric of welfare states unconditionally pays tribute to older people’s right to express dissatisfaction. In practice, users of ‘older service’ in welfare states may be deprived of their ‘exit’ option and face considerable constraints when it comes to raising their ‘voices’. For example, when older people in nursing homes would like to lodge a complaint, they may well be referred to the very staff members they depend upon in their everyday life. This article analyses a national case in which these contradictory tendencies are especially explicit: formal influence channels for older people in Sweden. Using data from structured interviews with 100 representatives of Swedish municipalities, and drawing on Hirschman’s (1970) theory on exit and voice, the article analyses obstacles for older service users’ influence in Sweden and develops explanations for these obstacles in terms of social contexts.
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| 23. |
- Platt, Stephen M., et al.
(författare)
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Atmospheric composition in the European Arctic and 30 years of the Zeppelin Observatory, Ny-Ålesund
- 2022
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Chemistry And Physics. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1680-7316 .- 1680-7324. ; 22:5, s. 3321-3369
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Zeppelin Observatory (78.90∘ N, 11.88∘ E) is located on Zeppelin Mountain at 472 m a.s.l. on Spitsbergen, the largest island of the Svalbard archipelago. Established in 1989, the observatory is part of Ny-Ålesund Research Station and an important atmospheric measurement site, one of only a few in the high Arctic, and a part of several European and global monitoring programmes and research infrastructures, notably the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP); the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP); the Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW); the Aerosol, Clouds and Trace Gases Research Infrastructure (ACTRIS); the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE) network; and the Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS). The observatory is jointly operated by the Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI), Stockholm University, and the Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU). Here we detail the establishment of the Zeppelin Observatory including historical measurements of atmospheric composition in the European Arctic leading to its construction. We present a history of the measurements at the observatory and review the current state of the European Arctic atmosphere, including results from trends in greenhouse gases, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), other traces gases, persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and heavy metals, aerosols and Arctic haze, and atmospheric transport phenomena, and provide an outline of future research directions.
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| 24. |
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| 26. |
- Tove, PA, et al.
(författare)
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Parallel-plate electron multipliers
- 1972
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science. - 0018-9499 .- 1558-1578. ; NS-19:3, s. 85-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 27. |
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