| 1. |
- Munch, Marie W., et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of 12 mg vs 6 mg of Dexamethasone on the Number of Days Alive Without Life Support in Adults With COVID-19 and Severe Hypoxemia The COVID STEROID 2 Randomized Trial
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). - : AMER MEDICAL ASSOC. - 0098-7484 .- 1538-3598. ; 326:18, s. 1807-1817
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Question What is the effect of 12 mg vs 6 mg of dexamethasone on the number of days alive without life support at 28 days in patients with COVID-19 and severe hypoxemia? Findings In this randomized trial that included 1000 patients with COVID-19 and severe hypoxemia, treatment with 12 mg/d of dexamethasone resulted in 22.0 days alive without life support at 28 days compared with 20.5 days in those receiving 6 mg/d of dexamethasone. This difference was not statistically significant. Meaning Compared with 6 mg of dexamethasone, 12 mg of dexamethasone did not statistically significantly reduce the number of days alive without life support at 28 days. This multicenter randomized clinical trial compares the effects of 12 mg/d vs 6 mg/d of dexamethasone in patients with COVID-19 and severe hypoxemia. IMPORTANCE A daily dose with 6 mg of dexamethasone is recommended for up to 10 days in patients with severe and critical COVID-19, but a higher dose may benefit those with more severe disease. OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of 12 mg/d vs 6 mg/d of dexamethasone in patients with COVID-19 and severe hypoxemia. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A multicenter, randomized clinical trial was conducted between August 2020 and May 2021 at 26 hospitals in Europe and India and included 1000 adults with confirmed COVID-19 requiring at least 10 L/min of oxygen or mechanical ventilation. End of 90-day follow-up was on August 19, 2021. INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized 1:1 to 12 mg/d of intravenous dexamethasone (n = 503) or 6 mg/d of intravenous dexamethasone (n = 497) for up to 10 days. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was the number of days alive without life support (invasive mechanical ventilation, circulatory support, or kidney replacement therapy) at 28 days and was adjusted for stratification variables. Of the 8 prespecified secondary outcomes, 5 are included in this analysis (the number of days alive without life support at 90 days, the number of days alive out of the hospital at 90 days, mortality at 28 days and at 90 days, and >= 1 serious adverse reactions at 28 days). RESULTS Of the 1000 randomized patients, 982 were included (median age, 65 [IQR, 55-73] years; 305 [31%] women) and primary outcome data were available for 971 (491 in the 12 mg of dexamethasone group and 480 in the 6 mg of dexamethasone group). The median number of days alive without life support was 22.0 days (IQR, 6.0-28.0 days) in the 12 mg of dexamethasone group and 20.5 days (IQR, 4.0-28.0 days) in the 6 mg of dexamethasone group (adjusted mean difference, 1.3 days [95% CI, 0-2.6 days]; P = .07). Mortality at 28 days was 27.1% in the 12 mg of dexamethasone group vs 32.3% in the 6 mg of dexamethasone group (adjusted relative risk, 0.86 [99% CI, 0.68-1.08]). Mortality at 90 days was 32.0% in the 12 mg of dexamethasone group vs 37.7% in the 6 mg of dexamethasone group (adjusted relative risk, 0.87 [99% CI, 0.70-1.07]). Serious adverse reactions, including septic shock and invasive fungal infections, occurred in 11.3% in the 12 mg of dexamethasone group vs 13.4% in the 6 mg of dexamethasone group (adjusted relative risk, 0.83 [99% CI, 0.54-1.29]). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among patients with COVID-19 and severe hypoxemia, 12 mg/d of dexamethasone compared with 6 mg/d of dexamethasone did not result in statistically significantly more days alive without life support at 28 days. However, the trial may have been underpowered to identify a significant difference.
|
|
| 2. |
- Anter, Karin Fridell, et al.
(författare)
-
SYN-TES INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH ON COLOUR AND LIGHT
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Proceedings for Interim Meeting of the International Colour Association (AIC); AIC 2012 “In Color We Live: Color and Environment”, 22 – 25 September 2012, Taipei, Taiwan. - : The International Colour Association. ; , s. 80-83, s. 80-83
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Colour and light have largely been considered as belonging to two different fields of knowledge, having disparate theoretical, terminological and methodological traditions. This creates a ground for misunderstandings and obstructs a fruitful interdisciplinary and interprofessional collaboration. A survey over international research literature from 2006 -2011 shows that there has been only little research on the spatial interaction between colour and light, but that the interest for this area has recently increased. The interdisciplinary Nordic research project SYN-TES: Human colour and light synthesis. Towards a coherent field of knowledge was carried out during 2010-11. Colour and light experts from Nordic universities and companies investigated different aspects of the spatial interaction between colour and light and its importance for human beings. This paper deals with the general learnings from the process. Specific results are presented in other papers at this conference.
|
|
| 3. |
- Bränström, Robert, et al.
(författare)
-
Electrical short-circuit in β-cells from a patient with non-insulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemic syndrome (NIPHS) : a case report
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of Medical Case Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1752-1947. ; 4:1, s. 315-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Non-insulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemic syndrome is a rare disorder among adults, and, to our knowledge, only about 40 cases have been reported in the literature. CASE PRESENTATION: The patient is a previously healthy 35-year-old Caucasian man. His symptoms began four years ago when he suddenly felt weakness in his legs and started sweating for unknown reasons. The symptoms worsened, and laboratory tests revealed hypoglycemia and hyperinsulinemia at the time of the symptoms. All diagnostics attempts using magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and endoscopic ultrasound did not reveal any abnormalities. At this stage, surgical intervention was planned, and a distal 80% pancreatectomy was performed. The histopathologic and immunohistochemical investigations of the pancreas showed an increased number of islets of different sizes, more or less evenly distributed in the gland, but no insulinoma. Patch-clamp recordings from isolated pancreatic β-cells showed that, even at a low glucose concentration (3 mmol/L), the β-cell membrane was depolarized, and action potentials were seen. Surprisingly, in patch-clamp experiments, the addition of diazoxide had a marked effect on K-ATP channel activity and membrane potential, but no effect on insulin levels in vivo before surgery. CONCLUSION: This case report adds new information on the pathogenesis of non-insulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemic syndrome, as we performed an electrophysiologic characterization of isolated islet cells. We show, for the first time, that β-cells isolated from a non-insulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemic syndrome patient are constantly depolarized, even at low glucose levels, but display normal K-ATP channel physiology.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Hansson, Lars-Olof, et al.
(författare)
-
Performance evaluation of a turbidimetric cystatin C assay on different high-throughput platforms
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7686 .- 0036-5513. ; 70:5, s. 347-353
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. The goal with this study was to evaluate the analytical performance of a new cystatin C immunoassay (Tina-quant (R) a Cystatin C, Roche Diagnostics GmbH). The evaluation was carried out at four centers according to a standardized protocol. Material and methods. The Tina-quant (R) a Cystatin C is a latex particle-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay. Roche cobas (R) 6000, MODULAR ANALYTICS SWA and COBAS INTEGRA (R) instruments were included in the study. Method comparison studies were carried out against two turbidimetric methods (Dako Cystatin C, Gentian Cystatin C), and one nephelometric method (Siemens N-Latex Cystatin C). Results. Linearity was proven throughout the measuring range from 0.4 to 8 mg/L. Within-run CVs ranged from 0.7-2.8%, and total CVs from 1.4-4.7 % (concentration range 0.6-3.9 mg/L). Comparable results were obtained with paired serum and Li-heparinate plasma samples. Good agreement was achieved in the comparisons between the Tina-quant (R) a Cystatin C assay and the other commercially available cystatin C assays, two different turbidimetric methods (slope range 0.88-1.04, intercept < 0.17 mg/L, r >= 0.993) and one nephelometric assay (slope range 0.90-1.05, intercept < 0.21 mg/L, r >= 0.986). Conclusions. The Tina-quant (R) a Cystatin C assay was shown to be precise and accurate with proven linearity over the measuring range. Good comparability was obtained with other commercially available assays for the determination of cystatin C. The Tina-quant (R) a Cystatin C assay is very well suited for clinical use on routine clinical chemistry analysers to detect renal dysfunction with a 24 h availability.
|
|
| 7. |
- Holmberg, Rebecka, et al.
(författare)
-
Lowering apolipoprotein CIII delays onset of type 1 diabetes
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 108:26, s. 10685-10689
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Serum levels of apolipoprotein CIII (apoCIII) are increased in type 1 diabetic patients, and when β cells are exposed to these diabetic sera, apoptosis occurs, an effect abolished by an antibody against apoCIII. We have investigated the BB rat, an animal model that develops a human-like type 1 diabetes, and found that apoCIII was also increased in sera from prediabetic rats. This increase in apoCIII promoted β-cell death. The endogenous levels of apoCIII were reduced by treating prediabetic animals with an antisense against this apolipoprotein, resulting in a significantly delayed onset of diabetes. ApoCIII thus serves as a diabetogenic factor, and intervention with this apolipoprotein in the prediabetic state can arrest disease progression. These findings suggest apoCIII as a target for the treatment of type 1 diabetes.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Jonsson, Marianne, 1962, et al.
(författare)
-
Novel 3D culture system with similarities to the human heart for studies of the cardiac stem cell niche.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Regenerative medicine. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1746-076X .- 1746-0751. ; 5:5, s. 725-36
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: The aim of this study was to develop a 3D culture system with similarities to the human heart, which was suitable for studies of adult cardiac stem or progenitor cells. MATERIALS & METHODS: Dissociated cells from human cardiac biopsies were placed in high-density pellet cultures and cultured for up to 6 weeks. Gene and protein expressions, analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry, and morphology were studied in early and late pellets. RESULTS: Cells cultured in the 3D model showed similarities to human cardiac tissue. Moreover, markers for cardiac stem and progenitor cells were also detected after 6 weeks of culture, in addition to markers for signaling pathways active in stem cell niche regulation. CONCLUSIONS: The described 3D culture model could be a valuable tool when studying the influence of different compounds on proliferation and differentiation processes in cardiac stem or progenitor cells in cardiac regenerative research.
|
|
| 10. |
- Mutschler, Diana K., et al.
(författare)
-
Microdialysis-evaluated myocardial cyclooxygenase-mediated inflammation and early circulatory depression in porcine endotoxemia
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Critical Care Medicine. - 0090-3493 .- 1530-0293. ; 31:6, s. 1780-1785
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the early myocardial biochemical inflammatory response with the microdialysis technique during porcine endotoxemia and to simultaneously monitor systemic hemodynamics. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with parallel groups. SETTING: Animal research laboratory at the University Hospital of Uppsala, Sweden. SUBJECTS: Thirteen piglets aged 12-14 wks receiving general anesthesia. INTERVENTIONS: After thoracotomy and the insertion of microdialysis probes in standardized locations in the left ventricle of the heart and in the quadriceps muscle, seven pigs received a continuous infusion of endotoxin, initiating a severe endotoxemic shock. Six pigs received saline instead of endotoxin. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Endotoxemia caused a rapid and pronounced elevation of a metabolite obtained from prostaglandin degradation, 15-keto-dihydro-PGF(2alpha), in myocardial microdialysate fluid being specific of cyclooxygenase (COX)-mediated inflammation (p <.001 vs. saline-infused controls). Simultaneously, we observed a decrease in left ventricular stroke work index in the endotoxemic pigs (p <.01 vs. saline-infused controls). Endotoxemia did not alter 15-keto-dihydro-PGF(2alpha) levels in quadriceps muscle. Endotoxemia caused increases in taurine, hypoxanthine, and magnesium in myocardial microdialysate (p <.05 vs. saline-infused controls), whereas the contents of pyruvate, lactate, inosine, adenosine, and calcium were not significantly changed. CONCLUSION: Endotoxemia induced a myocardial COX-mediated inflammation without signs of ischemia. In parallel, a depletion of myocardial energy substrates and a deterioration in myocardial performance were seen.
|
|
| 11. |
- Semb, Gunvor, et al.
(författare)
-
A Scandcleft randomised trials of primary surgery for unilateral cleft lip and palate: 1. Planning and management.
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2000-656X .- 2000-6764. ; 51:1, s. 2-13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Longstanding uncertainty surrounds the selection of surgical protocols for the closure of unilateral cleft lip and palate, and randomised trials have only rarely been performed. This paper is an introduction to three randomised trials of primary surgery for children born with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). It presents the protocol developed for the trials in CONSORT format, and describes the management structure that was developed to achieve the long-term engagement and commitment required to complete the project.METHOD: Ten established national or regional cleft centres participated. Lip and soft palate closure at 3-4 months, and hard palate closure at 12 months served as a common method in each trial. Trial 1 compared this with hard palate closure at 36 months. Trial 2 compared it with lip closure at 3-4 months and hard and soft palate closure at 12 months. Trial 3 compared it with lip and hard palate closure at 3-4 months and soft palate closure at 12 months. The primary outcomes were speech and dentofacial development, with a series of perioperative and longer-term secondary outcomes.RESULTS: Recruitment of 448 infants took place over a 9-year period, with 99.8% subsequent retention at 5 years.CONCLUSION: The series of reports that follow this introductory paper include comparisons at age 5 of surgical outcomes, speech outcomes, measures of dentofacial development and appearance, and parental satisfaction. The outcomes recorded and the numbers analysed for each outcome and time point are described in the series.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN29932826.
|
|
| 12. |
- Söderlund, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
-
In vitro anti-platelet potency of ticagrelor in blood samples from infants and children.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Thrombosis research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-2472 .- 0049-3848. ; 136:3, s. 620-4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ticagrelor, a novel platelet inhibitor acting on the ADP-dependent P2Y12 receptor, is currently approved for treating adults with acute coronary syndrome. The effect of ticagrelor in children has not been explored. As a first step, we here evaluate if the in vitro anti-platelet potency of ticagrelor in blood samples from children of different age is different as compared with in blood samples from adults.
|
|
| 13. |
- Toivonen, Lauri, et al.
(författare)
-
A Randomized Invasive Cardiac Electrophysiology Study of the Combined Ion Channel Blocker AZD1305 in Patients After Catheter Ablation of Atrial Flutter
- 2010
-
Ingår i: JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY. - : Raven Press Publishers. - 0160-2446 .- 1533-4023. ; 56:3, s. 300-308
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: This study assessed the cardiac electrophysiological and hemodynamic effects of an intravenous infusion of the combined ion channel blocker AZD1305. Methods: After successful ablation of atrial flutter, patients were randomized to receive placebo (n = 12) or AZD1305 (n = 38) in 4 ascending dose groups. Electrophysiological and hemodynamic measurements were performed before and commencing 20 minutes after start of infusion. Results: Left atrial effective refractory period increased dose and the primary outcome measure increased dose and plasma concentration dependently, with a mean increase of 55 milliseconds in dose group 3. There was a corresponding increase in right atrial effective refractory period of 84 milliseconds. The right ventricular effective refractory period and the paced QT interval also increased dose and concentration dependently, by 59 and 70 milliseconds, respectively, in dose group 3. There were indications of moderate increases of atrial, atrioventricular nodal, and ventricular conduction times. No consistent changes in intracardiac pressures were observed, but there was a small transient decrease in systolic blood pressure. Adverse events were consistent with the study population and procedure, and there were no signs of proarrhythmia despite marked delay in ventricular repolarization in some individuals. Conclusions: AZD1305 shows electrophysiological characteristics indicative of potential antiarrhythmic efficacy in atrial fibrillation.
|
|
| 14. |
- Abdiu, Avni, et al.
(författare)
-
The nasal alar elevator : A new device that may reduce the need for primary operation of the nose in patients with cleft lip
- 2009
-
Ingår i: SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY AND HAND SURGERY. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0284-4311. ; 43:2, s. 71-74
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To improve the shape of the cleft lip nose preoperatively, we have developed the nasal alar elevator. This has been used routinely since 1996 on all our cleft lip patients who have an asymmetrical nose, from the first week after birth until the date of primary lip surgery. We present our 11-year-long experience of using the device on patients born with complete, unilateral cleft lip. In this study 56 children, born between 1996 and 2006 inclusive, with complete unilateral cleft lip, had preoperative treatment with the elevator. During this 11-year period, continuous evaluation during the preoperative period, and its effects on the cleft lip nose, were evaluated, both preoperatively and postoperatively. Our results show that the preoperative use of the device has led to less need for primary nasal surgery. Instead of having to have a primary rhinoplasty (McComb) together with a lip plasty, as a routine, now only about 30% of the patients need primary surgical correction of the nose. If nasal correction is needed, a rather limited undermining of skin over the ala on the cleft side will often be sufficient. The use of a nasal elevator reduces both the length and the extent of the primary intervention, without compromising the final result.
|
|
| 15. |
- Abrahamsson, Christina, et al.
(författare)
-
DeltaT50 - a new method to assess temporal ventricular repolarization variability
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of Electrocardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-8430 .- 0022-0736. ; 44:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Increased beat-to-beat variability in cardiac repolarization time is a tentative risk marker of drug-induced torsades de pointes. We developed a new, automatic method based on the temporal variability of the T-wave down slope to assess this variability. Method and Results Leads V1 to V6 of resting electrocardiograms were recorded in 42 healthy subjects (18-68 years, 22 men). The temporal variability at 50% of the T-wave down slope, deltaT50 (1.5 ± 0.41 milliseconds; range, 0.86-2.66 milliseconds), was measured with an accuracy of 1 millisecond on at least 9 pairs of electrocardiogram complexes with a signal-to-noise ratio more than 10 and changes in the R-R interval less than 150 milliseconds. The correlation between repeated measurements of deltaT50 was high. DeltaT50 was measured without corrections for age, sex, heart rate, T-wave amplitude, signal-to-noise ratio, R-R variability, and QTcF because none of these factors explained more than 4% of the within-subject deltaT50 variability. Conclusion The beat-to-beat repolarization variability was measured with high fidelity with the deltaT50 method and was a robust measure in healthy volunteers.
|
|
| 16. |
- Alenius Dahlqvist, Jenny, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Pacemaker treatment after Fontan surgery-A Swedish national study
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Congenital Heart Disease. - : Computers, Materials and Continua (Tech Science Press). - 1747-079X .- 1747-0803. ; 14:4, s. 582-589
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveFontan surgery is performed in children with univentricular heart defects. Previous data regarding permanent pacemaker implantation frequency and indications in Fontan patients are limited and conflicting. We examined the prevalence of and risk factors for pacemaker treatment in a consecutive national cohort of patients after Fontan surgery in Sweden. MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed all Swedish patients who underwent Fontan surgery from 1982 to 2017 (n=599). ResultsAfter a mean follow-up of 12.2years, 13% (78/599) of the patients with Fontan circulation had received pacemakers. Patients operated with the extracardiac conduit (EC) type of total cavopulmonary connection had a significantly lower prevalence of pacemaker implantation (6%) than patients with lateral tunnel (LT; 17%). Mortality did not differ between patients with (8%) and without pacemaker (5%). The most common pacemaker indication was sinus node dysfunction (SND) (64%). Pacemaker implantation due to SND was less common among patients with EC. Pacemaker implantation was significantly more common in patients with mitral atresia (MA; 44%), double outlet right ventricle (DORV; 24%) and double inlet left ventricle (DILV; 20%). In contrast, patients with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum and hypoplastic left heart syndrome were significantly less likely to receive a pacemaker (3% and 6%, respectively). ConclusionsThirteen percent of Fontan patients received a permanent pacemaker, most frequently due to SND. EC was associated with a significantly lower prevalence of pacemaker than LT. Permanent pacemaker was more common in patients with MA, DORV, and DILV.
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
- Ander, Fredrik, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of Esmolol on the Esophagogastric Junction : A Double-Blind, Randomized, Crossover Study on 14 Healthy Volunteers
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Anesthesia and Analgesia. - Philadelphia, USA : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0003-2999 .- 1526-7598. ; 125:4, s. 1184-1190
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Passive regurgitation may occur throughout the perioperative period, increasing the risk for pulmonary aspiration and postoperative pulmonary complications. Hypnotics and opioids, especially remifentanil, that are used during anesthesia have been shown to decrease the pressure in the esophagogastric junction (EGJ), that otherwise acts as a barrier against passive regurgitation of gastric contents. Esmolol, usually used to counteract tachycardia and hypertension, has been shown to possess properties useful during general anesthesia. Like remifentanil, the beta-1-adrenoreceptor antagonist may be used to attenuate the stress reaction to tracheal intubation and to modify perioperative anesthetic requirements. It may also reduce the need for opioids in the postoperative period. Its action on the EGJ is however unknown. The aim of this trial was to compare the effects of esmolol and remifentanil on EGJ pressures in healthy volunteers, when administrated as single drugs.METHODS: Measurements of EGJ pressures were made in 14 healthy volunteers using high resolution solid-state manometry. Interventions were administered in a randomized sequence and consisted of esmolol that was given IV as a bolus dose of 1 mg/kg followed by an infusion of 10 mu g.kg(-1).minute(-1) over 15 minutes, and remifentanil with target-controlled infusion of 4 ng/mL over 15 minutes. Interventions were separated by a 20-minute washout period. Analyses of EGJ pressures were performed at baseline, and during drug administration at 2 (T2) and 15 minutes (T15). The primary outcome was the inspiratory EGJ augmentation, while the inspiratory and expiratory EGJ pressures were secondary outcomes.RESULTS: There was no effect on inspiratory EGJ augmentation when comparing remifentanil and esmolol (mean difference -4.0 mm Hg [-9.7 to 1.7]; P = .15). In contrast, remifentanil significantly decreased both inspiratory and expiratory pressures compared to esmolol (-12.2 [-18.6 to 5.7]; P = .003 and 8.0 [-13.3 to 2.8]; P = .006).CONCLUSIONS: Esmolol, compared with remifentanil, does not affect EGJ function. This may be an advantage regarding passive regurgitation and esmolol may thus have a role to play in anesthesia where maintenance of EGJ barrier function is of outmost importance.
|
|
| 19. |
- Ander, Fredrik, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
-
Time-to-intubation in obese patients : A randomized study comparing direct laryngoscopy and videolaryngoscopy in experienced anaesthetists
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Minerva Anestesiologica. - : Edizioni Minerva Medica. - 0375-9393 .- 1827-1596. ; 83:9, s. 906-913
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Airway management may be difficult in obese patients. Moreover, during prolonged intubation, oxygen desaturation develops rapidly. Videolaryngoscopy improves the view of the larynx, and the Storz® C-MACTM has been shown to be superior to other videolaryngoscopes in terms of intubation time in obese patients. However, no effort has been made to compare the Storz® C-MACTM with direct laryngoscopy. The aim of the study was to evaluate if the use of Storz® C-MACTM may reduce intubation time when compared to direct laryngoscopy (classic Macintosh® blade).METHODS: eighty patients with body mass index > 35kg/m2 were randomized to orotracheal intubation using either Macintosh® laryngoscope, or the Storz® C-MACTM with the standard Macintosh blade. Patients had no previous history of a difficult airway. Time- to-intubation (TTI) was defined as the time from the moment anaesthetist took the laryngoscope until end-tidal carbon dioxide was detected.RESULTS: no significant difference in TTI could be demonstrated between the two devices tested (mean difference -1.7s (95% CI -6.9 to 3.5s). All patients in the videolaryngoscopy group were successfully intubated with the allocated device, whereas five patients in the direct laryngoscopy group required an alternative device for successful intubation. No significant difference regarding the subjective difficulty of intubation and postoperative sore throat between groups was demonstrated.CONCLUSION: in obese patients the airway may be secured equally fast using direct laryngoscopy (Macintosh®) and with videolaryngoscopy using the Stortz® C-MACTM. The risk for failed intubation, however, appears to be greater with direct laryngoscopy, especially in male obese patients.
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
- Andersson, Malte, 1941, et al.
(författare)
-
”Minskande befolkning är inte problemet”
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter. ; :1 augusti, DN-debatt
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Nätverket Population Matters Sweden: En uppmärksammad studie i The Lancet pekar mot en lägre befolkningsökning i världen än tidigare prognoser. Men en miljard människor till är fortfarande långt över vad jorden klarar. Befolkningstrenden måste snarare vända neråt, och det kräver åtgärder för att stärka kvinnors rättigheter världen över.
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
- Arnrup, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
-
A short-term follow-up of treatment outcome in groups of uncooperative child dental patients.
- 2004
-
Ingår i: European journal of paediatric dentistry : official journal of European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry. - 1591-996X. ; 5:4, s. 216-224
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To evaluate the short-term follow-up outcome in four subgroups of uncooperative child dental patients referred to a specialist paediatric dental clinic in Sweden. METHODS: Seventy children, classified into four groups (based on fear, temperament, behaviour and verbal intelligence), were followed-up at their public dental clinics after termination of specialist dental treatment. Questionnaire assessments of children's dental and general fear, parental dental fear, emotional stress, locus of control and parenting efficacy were made by parents pre and post treatment and at follow-up and were analysed within and between groups. At follow-up, parents rated their children's coping and procedure stress, while treatment acceptance was rated by the dentists. RESULTS: Decreases in child dental fear were maintained at follow-up, although a third of children still had moderate or high dental fear. For those children who had been classified into the externalising, impulsive group, an increased risk of non-acceptance (RR=3.7) was indicated. The risk of dental fear at follow-up was increased for the group of fearful, inhibited children (RR=3.8). For the study group as a whole a poorer follow-up outcome could be predicted by avoidance behaviour (OR 12.9-16.6) and moderate or high post treatment dental fear (OR 6.5- 21.3). CONCLUSIONS: Fearful, inhibited child dental patients may need, due to dental fear, extra attention even after successful dental treatment at a specialist clinic. Externalising, impulsive children constitute a special challenge for dentistry. The continued need for adjusted management after termination of specialist treatment can be predicted from avoidance behaviour and post treatment dental fear scores.
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
| 26. |
- Arnrup, K, et al.
(författare)
-
Classification of dental behavior management problems among children.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Poster presentation at the 85th General Session & Exhibition of the IADR, New Orleans, LA, USA, March 21-24, 2007..
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objectives: This study aimed to further investigate the heterogeneity within the group of children referred for specialist treatment because of dental behavior management problems (DBMP). A specific aim was to evaluate the validity of a previously reported cluster structure in another DBMP study group. Methods: 177 child dental patients, aged 4 to 12 at referral to a specialist pediatric dental clinic in Göteborg, Sweden, were classified into subgroups according to their personal characteristics. Cluster structure was described and compared to previously reported findings in a DBMP study group of same-aged child dental patients in Örebro, Sweden (n=74). Parental assessments of children's dental and general fear, temperament and behavior were made pre-treatment. The children also performed a vocabulary test. Data were analyzed mainly with a person-based approach using sequences of cluster analyses. Results: Classification into five different subgroups was judged the best representation of the Göteborg study group data, while four groups had been defined in Örebro. The new clusters partly paralleled the previous and were labeled (I) Extrovert, outgoing, (II) Highly fearful, multiple problems, (III) Highly fearful, (IV) Moderately fearful, externalizing, impulsive and (V) Moderately fearful, inhibited. Cluster profile II describes severe dental fear and general temperamental and behavioral problems of internalizing as well as externalizing character. Such combined problems were not clearly revealed in the Örebro cluster structure. Conclusion: The contention that children with dental behavior management problems (DBMP) comprise a heterogeneous group was strengthened. Similar, although not identical, clusters of children showing DBMP were identified in this replication study. Apart from different levels of dental fear, varying temperamental and behavioral characteristics need to be taken into consideration to better match treatment for these patients
|
|
| 27. |
|
|
| 28. |
|
|
| 29. |
- Aunes-Jansson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Decrease of the atrial fibrillatory rate, increased organization of the atrial rhythm and termination of atrial fibrillation by AZD7009
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Electrocardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-8430 .- 0022-0736. ; 46:1, s. 29-35
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The atrial fibrillatory rate (APR), on AZD7009 as compared to placebo, was investigated as a potential biomarker for electrophysiological effect in early antiarrhythmic drug development. Methods: Patients with permanent AF received infusions of AZD7009 and placebo in an exploratory two-way, single-blind, randomized cross-over study. The ECG was continuously recorded, and following QRST cancellation the APR, its standard deviation (SD), the exponential decay and the atrial electrogram amplitude were determined as 3-min averages. Results: The mean APR rapidly decreased by 43% from baseline (394 +/- 38 to 225 +/- 61 fibrillations/min, p = 0.0003) on AZD7009, but not on placebo. The SD of the AFR and the exponential decay decreased in parallel. In 2 of 8 patients, termination of AF occurred after the APR had decreased by 58% and 53%, respectively. Conclusions: The APR may potentially serve as a biomarker of electrophysiological effects in early evaluation of rhythm control agents. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 30. |
|
|
| 31. |
- Beckmann, K., et al.
(författare)
-
Formation of stoichiometrically O-18-labelled oxygen from the oxidation of O-18-enriched water mediated by a dinuclear manganese complex : a mass spectrometry and EPR study
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Energy & Environmental Science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1754-5692 .- 1754-5706. ; 1:6, s. 668-676
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oxygen formation was detected for the oxidations of various multinuclear manganese complexes by oxone (HSO5-) in aqueous solution. To determine to what extent water was the source of the evolved O-2, (H2O)-O-18 isotope-labelling experiments coupled with membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS) were carried out. We discovered that during the reaction of oxone with [Mn-2(OAc)(2)(bpmp)](+) (1), stoichiometrically labelled oxygen (O-18(2)) was formed. This is the first example of a homogeneous reaction mediated by a synthetic manganese complex where the addition of a strong chemical oxidant yields O-18(2) with labelling percentages matching the theoretically expected values for the case of both O-atoms originating from water. Experiments using lead acetate as an alternative oxidant supported this finding. A detailed investigation of the reaction by EPR spectroscopy, MIMS and Clark-type oxygen detection enabled us to propose potential reaction pathways.
|
|
| 32. |
|
|
| 33. |
|
|
| 34. |
- Berggren, Andreas, 1979, et al.
(författare)
-
Particle Size Control in Colloidal Suspensions of Mesostructured Silica
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry C. ; 112:3, s. 732-737
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stable colloidal suspensions of ordered mesostructured silica have been prepared in a concentrated reaction solution under mild acidic conditions using an inorganic silica source and Pluronic P123. This synthesis method results in a high yield, and it is also suitable for studies of formation and growth mechanisms of colloidal mesostructured silica particles. The size of the obtained particles can be controlled within the range of 50−300 nm by varying the amount of water used in the synthesis or addition of salt to the synthesis solution. The pH of the solution is important since it affects the mesoorder of the material, colloidal stability, and product yield. Ordered material was obtained at pH 1.7−5, whereas stable colloidal suspensions were obtained in the range 3−8. A mechanism for formation of the colloidal particles based on a burst nucleation process followed by growth through aggregation is also proposed.
|
|
| 35. |
|
|
| 36. |
|
|
| 37. |
|
|
| 38. |
- Berggren, Anders W., et al.
(författare)
-
Makt, pedagogik, ledarskap och organisation : En studie av ett mekaniserat skyttekompani
- 2011
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport sammanfattar en studie som genomförts vid P4 i Skövde, där forskargruppen följt 414. Skkomp från augusti 2010 till juni 2011.Utbildningen av 414. skyttekompaniet aktualiserar frågor rörande rollspelet mellan soldater och officerare, utbildningens utformning, samt frågor om yrkeskunnande och yrkesidentitet.Mer konkret identifierar studien följande områden för Försvarsmakten att fokusera:begreppen ”soldat” och ”officer” i det nya personalförsörjningssystemet, och vad det innebär att vara professionell i Försvarsmakten.soldaten och kompetensutveckling av dessa.grpC tänkta roll och kompetensutveckling av dessa.hur man på förbanden kan involvera GrpC i ”chain of command”?hur kan Försvarsmakten i handling visa att soldaterna är viktiga”.kring erfarenhetsresonemanget/trappan i syfte att stärka officerarna samt att utveckla professionen totalt sett.hur utbildning skall genomföras när PRIO-org är intagen? Vidare pekar studien ut frågor kring hur man lokalt hanterar att alla anställda soldater inte kan ingå i en insats (givet att t ex FS-organisationen skiljer sig numerärt från förbandets grundorganisation), samt hur ett förband vidmakthåller förmågor över tiden.I rapporten beskrivs även ett fenomen som handlar om ett informationsglapp mellan kompaniets ordinarie ledningsstruktur (kompanichef och plutonchefer) och de som genomför olika utbildningsmoment, d v s när den som genomför en trupputbildning inte har ett direkt chefsansvar.
|
|
| 39. |
- Berggren, Anders W
(författare)
-
Undercover Operations in No-women's Land : The Swedish Armed Forces through a Gender Lens
- 2002
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Since 1980, there are no formal restrictions for women to serve as officers wherever and in what positions they want to in the Swedish Armed Forces (SAF). In this thesis, the author examines what has been achieved so far in terms of integration of women, what the situation of female officers is looking like today, and what impact their presence has had on the military organisation. The empirical ground of this thesis comprises three separate studies. The first one falls into the following three elements: - Analysis of statistical material from the Swedish Armed Forces databases, - Questionnaires sent out to female and male officers, and - Interviews. The first study shows that male officers are promoted at a more rapid pace than their female colleagues, that female officers are underrepresented in the higher ranks, whereas over represented in the lower ones, and that female and male officers work at different positions in the organisation. The discrepancies in career paths can partly be explained by the concept of a “glass corridor”, meaning that the position through which an individual enters the organisation is crucial when setting the direction of the applicant’s career, leaving merely small options for future changes. In the second study, one of the more structured efforts of the SAF to improve the conditions of female officers, a project named The Creative Difference, is being analysed. The empirical grounds of the second study are e.g. official documents related to the above project, and shows that the discourse on minority issues has been changing – from broaching gender integration matters into dealing with diversity – primarily based on a multiplicity cultures and multi-ethnicity. One interpretation is that women seen as a group are marginalized in the official discussions on minorities, thus minimising the potential risk of the SAF being compelled to take measures that would actually increase the number of serving women. The purpose of the third and last study is to highlight some of the ways in which femininity is constructed within the SAF. Here a number of situations are described and the inherent constructions of femininity brought up for discussion. The dimensions of femininity proven in this study are that women play the role of outsiders and that their main contribution is either as sources of pleasure or service-providers, whereas men are involved in combat. The overall findings of this thesis, with regard to the current situation of female officers in the SAF, are marginalisation and segregation of women seen as a group, especially in terms of lacking power. It is also evident from the thesis that even though there are no more any formal restrictions in opportunities for women, there is still a very strong resistance in the shape of organisational culture. One, maybe rather provocative issue based on these results, is whether this resistance can prevail due to the fact that the main part of the Armed Forces, the Army, has not been put to the test in live operations for some two hundred years.
|
|
| 40. |
- Berggren, Caroline, 1960, et al.
(författare)
-
A Societal Perspective on Self-employment – Sweden as an example
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Studies in Higher Education. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0307-5079 .- 1470-174X. ; 46:7, s. 1436-1448
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- European Union policies emphasise the importance of entrepreneurship and self-employment to maintain economic growth, a solution influenced by the USA and research from schools of business. There are expectations of higher education graduates that they are innovative, will start businesses and will employ others. However, transferring a solution from one country to another may not be as simple as that. This study questions the recommendations made in EU policies which mainly focus on how to support individuals to become self-employed. Extensive data from the Swedish population registry of approximately 90,000 tertiary-educated people, all born in the mid-1970s, is used to analyse the extent to which this group became self-employed. Results show that societal and cultural differences need to be considered when creating such policies.
|
|
| 41. |
|
|
| 42. |
|
|
| 43. |
- Berggren, Caroline, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Characteristics of Mobile Higher Education Students
- 2015
-
Ingår i: ECER 2015, 7-11 September, Hungary: Education and Transition - Contributions from Educational Research, 2015.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To enter Higher Education the student sometimes needs to move. What are the characteristics of those who move?In the big picture, the direction of the mobility is typically from less populated regions to the urbanised regions (HSV, 2011), and mobility is more common among women than men particularly in the early 20s (SCB, 2011). One explanation for women’s greater likelihood for mobility is that they to a greater extent study at higher education. People with ample resources, such as private means and networks, have traditionally been mobile (Bourdieu & Passeron, 1990). In addition, socially privileged students have been ready to move also when higher education institutions have been within commuting distance from their home, thus to make the best educational choice to gain and reproduce their family capital (Kivinen, et al., 2001). A move to a more prestigious institution or to a more prestigious study programme is less of a hurdle for them, it is even more or less expected (Clayton, Crozier, & Reay, 2009). Among higher education students who are less mobile are young students who still live within the parental home and wish to do so. Less mobile are also the mature students who have a family of their own (Wikhall, 2001). Even though Sweden is considered a gender equal country, women still carry the main responsibility for the family (Holth, Jordansson, & Gonäs, 2012), which clearly restricts their mobility.We are interested in a comprehensive understanding of the mobile versus the stationary students. In relation to the dichotomy “movers” or “stayers”, individuals can be grouped into different modalities, a “summation” of different distinguishing characteristics, such as gender, social class, age, and region of origin.We are influenced by reproduction theory and intersectionality (Acker, 1990; Bourdieu & Passeron, 1990; McCall, 2005). Those who occupy advantaged positions strive to continue to do so, and mobility can be a mean to recreate or improve the family position.
|
|
| 44. |
- Berggren, Caroline, 1960, et al.
(författare)
-
From Higher Education Studies to Self-Employment - a matter of discipline and gender?
- 2011
-
Ingår i: The European Conference on Educational Research (ECER).
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The EU agenda strongly promotes entrepreneurship (Papatsiba, 2009). The responsibly for earning a livelihood has increasingly become individualised, and self-employment is strongly emphasised. Creating new businesses and services is seen as a way of keeping the unemployment levels low and thus an intact or even improved living standard in the European countries. There is a special confidence in that the university graduated should be in the frontline in creating these new employment possibilities and entrepreneurship education programmes is perceived as an effective tool to stimulate students in this direction. On the contrary, universities have since long educated students for positions in the service of the State. Moreover, a built out welfare state (Esping-Andersen, 1990), that assure a certain living standard for its population also in the case of unemployment at ill-health will further decrease the incentives for becoming self-employed (GEM, 2011). Our results show that the rhetoric about increasing need for entrepreneurs and for new businesses is not a neutral urge, the circumstances for men and women to become entrepreneurs are so different because of their different fields of knowledge. Moreover, higher education students are less incentive to become self-employed because of their, since long directed purpose, to become civil servants.
|
|
| 45. |
|
|
| 46. |
- Berggren, Caroline, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Gender Perspective on Student’s Choice of Higher Education Institution.
- 2014
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The focus is on the role of HE students’ mobility to university colleges, if mobility contributes to the replication of gender and class structures in Sweden.Higher education has expanded by increasing the number of study places and by incorporating previous colleges, mainly located in provincial centres. The inclusion of such colleges within the ambit of an expanded higher education was meant to be a way of levelling out social class differences
|
|
| 47. |
|
|
| 48. |
- Berggren, Caroline, 1960, et al.
(författare)
-
Reflections on Current Research on Women’s Entrepreneurship – A Mixed Method Study
- 2013
-
Ingår i: 3rd GMLG Conference on Entrepreneurship: Gender Perspectives on University Education and Entrepreneurship, Lueneburg, Germany, January 17-19.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this paper, we present a mixed method study about the prevalence of self-employment among tertiary educated people in relationship to gender research and entrepreneurship research. The point of departure is a large-scale study based on Swedish register data on tertiary educated men and women and their likelihood for starting a business, depending on their field of study. Results show that overall, a low proportion of tertiary-educated people become self-employed; moreover, when several influencing factors are the same, men are more than twice as likely as women to become self-employed. The most decisive factor for becoming self-employed is field of study, which is highly gendered. The question is how these results can be understood in relationship to international, contemporary gender and entrepreneurship research. All articles published during 2009-2012 in the International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship (IJGE) have been analysed and divided into three different perspectives on gender and entrepreneurship; moreover, these perspectives were used as lenses for developing an interpretation of the results from the large-scale study.
|
|
| 49. |
|
|
| 50. |
- Berggren, Caroline, 1960, et al.
(författare)
-
Self-employment and field of education understood from current entrepreneurship research
- 2015
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship. - 1756-6266 .- 1756-6274. ; 7:3, s. 291-302
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to look at how results from a large-scale study can be understood in the context of contemporary gender and entrepreneurship research. Design/methodology/approach – Thisstudyisinspiredbyamixedmethodsmethodology.Togain a qualitative understanding of the general patterns in a large-scale study, research results in articles from the International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship (IJGE) were used. To make such a heterogeneousresearchfieldasappearsinIJGEcomparable,amodelwascreatedthathelpedustofocus our attention when reading the articles. The core of each article was identified. Findings – The categorisation of the articles in IJGE resulted in three perspectives: liberal, functional and structural. The liberal and functional perspectives improved our understanding only partially because these perspectives usually focused on a certain aspect in the society. The structural perspective more readily lent itself for interpretation of our large-scale results. Research limitations/implications – The dissonance between our perspective and the perspective of others has been a challenge; it has been a delicate task. Originality/value – This could be a way to improve communication of research not only within a perspective, but also between perspectives. It is important that scholarly journals provide the possibility to express different perspectives on, as in this example, gender and entrepreneurship. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
|
|
