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| 2. |
- An, Junghwa, et al.
(författare)
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Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 October 2009-30 November 2009
- 2010
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Ingår i: Molecular Ecology Resources. - : Wiley. - 1755-098X .- 1755-0998. ; 10:2, s. 404-408
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article documents the addition of 411 microsatellite marker loci and 15 pairs of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) sequencing primers to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Acanthopagrus schlegeli, Anopheles lesteri, Aspergillus clavatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus terreus, Branchiostoma japonicum, Branchiostoma belcheri, Colias behrii, Coryphopterus personatus, Cynogolssus semilaevis, Cynoglossus semilaevis, Dendrobium officinale, Dendrobium officinale, Dysoxylum malabaricum, Metrioptera roeselii, Myrmeciza exsul, Ochotona thibetana, Neosartorya fischeri, Nothofagus pumilio, Onychodactylus fischeri, Phoenicopterus roseus, Salvia officinalis L., Scylla paramamosain, Silene latifo, Sula sula, and Vulpes vulpes. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Aspergillus giganteus, Colias pelidne, Colias interior, Colias meadii, Colias eurytheme, Coryphopterus lipernes, Coryphopterus glaucofrenum, Coryphopterus eidolon, Gnatholepis thompsoni, Elacatinus evelynae, Dendrobium loddigesii Dendrobium devonianum, Dysoxylum binectariferum, Nothofagus antarctica, Nothofagus dombeyii, Nothofagus nervosa, Nothofagus obliqua, Sula nebouxii, and Sula variegata. This article also documents the addition of 39 sequencing primer pairs and 15 allele specific primers or probes for Paralithodes camtschaticus.
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| 6. |
- Berggren, Sofia, 1973-
(författare)
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Drug Transport and Metabolism in Rat and Human Intestine
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- One of the aims of this thesis was to investigate the involvement of efflux proteins, such as the P-glycoprotein (Pgp), in the drug transport in different regions of the rat and the human intestine. The intestinal extrusion of intracellularly formed CYP3A4 metabolites, including whether this extrusion might be mediated by Pgp, was also studied. The model drugs used were local anaesthetics (LA), which have been evaluated for inflammatory bowel disease, such as ropivacaine, lidocaine and bupivacaine. The intestinal permeability to LAs was found to be high throughout all intestinal regions of the rat and human intestine. Results from the Ussing chamber model indicated only minor efflux involvement as the drug permeability was higher in the serosa to mucosa transport direction than in the opposite direction. However, the involvement of efflux in the absorption of LAs could not be verified using in situ single-pass perfusion of rat jejunum. The extrusion of the ropivacaine metabolite, 2´,6´-pipecoloxylidide (PPX), was polarized to the mucosal reservoir of the Ussing chamber for both rat and human intestinal samples, and was probably not caused by any Pgp involvement. The expression levels of CYP3A4 and efflux transporters were consistent with the enzymes’ activity in human intestine. PPX formation was mediated by CYP3A4 in human intestine, and cyp2c and cyp2d in rat intestine. Species differences were observed, as PPX was formed in rat colon, but not human colon. In conclusion, the permeability of ropivacaine, lidocaine and bupivacaine was not subjected to efflux transport of significance for their intestinal uptake. The transport of ropivacaine metabolites to the mucosal compartment was probably not mediated by Pgp. The Ussing chamber model showed consistent results with those from intestinal microsomes as far as intestinal metabolism is concerned, making it a suitable model for investigations of the interplay of efflux and metabolism.
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| 7. |
- Berggren, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Gene and protein expression of P-glycoprotein, MRP1, MRP2 and CYP3A4 in the small and large human intestine
- 2007
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Ingår i: Molecular Pharmaceutics. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1543-8384 .- 1543-8392. ; 4:2, s. 252-257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme and the ABC-transporters may affect the first-pass extraction and bioavailability of drugs and metabolites. Conflicting reports can be found in the literature on the expression levels of efflux transporters in human intestine and how they vary along the intestine. The relative levels of mRNA and protein of CYP3A4 and the ABC tranporters Pgp (ABCB1), MRP1 (ABCC1), and MRP2 (ABCC2) were determined using RT-PCR and Western blot for human intestinal tissues (n = 14) from jejunum, ileum and colon. The expression of mRNA for CYP3A4, Pgp, and MRP2 was highest in jejunum and decreased toward more distal regions, whereas MRP1 was equally distributed in all intestinal regions. For CYP3A4, a more significant correlation could be established between mRNA and protein expression than for the ABC transporters. The samples showed considerable interindividual variability, especially at the protein level. The apically located Pgp and MRP2 showed a similar expression pattern along the human intestine as for CYP3A4. The gene expression of MRP1 exhibited a more uniform distribution.
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| 8. |
- Berggren, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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ProQ-dependent activation of Salmonella virulence genes mediated by post-transcriptional control of PhoP synthesis
- 2024
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Ingår i: mSphere. - : American Society for Microbiology. - 2379-5042. ; 9:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gastrointestinal disease caused by Salmonella enterica is associated with the pathogen's ability to replicate within epithelial cells and macrophages. Upon host cell entry, the bacteria express a type-three secretion system encoded within Salmonella pathogenicity island 2, through which host-manipulating effector proteins are secreted to establish a stable intracellular niche. Transcription of this intracellular virulence program is activated by the PhoPQ two-component system that senses the low pH and the reduced magnesium concentration of host cell vacuoles. In addition to transcriptional control, Salmonella commonly employ RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. ProQ is a globally acting RBP in Salmonella that promotes expression of the intracellular virulence program, but its RNA repertoire has previously been characterized only under standard laboratory growth conditions. Here, we provide a high-resolution ProQ interactome during conditions mimicking the environment of the Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV), revealing hundreds of previously unknown ProQ binding sites in sRNAs and mRNA 3 ' UTRs. ProQ positively affected both the levels and the stability of many sRNA ligands, some of which were previously shown to associate with the well-studied and infection-relevant RBP Hfq. We further show that ProQ activates the expression of PhoP at the post-transcriptional level, which, in turn, leads to upregulation of the intracellular virulence program.
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| 11. |
- Bertling, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Environmental effects of zinc runoff from roofing materials : a new multidisciplinary approach
- 2002
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Ingår i: Outdoor Atmospheric Corrosion. - 0803128967 ; , s. 200-215
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this work is to study changes in concentration and bioavailability of zinc-containing runoff water, released from roofing materials, upon passage through soil. The experimental approach is based on simulating the interaction between zinc in artificial runoff water and soil in a column system. The total zinc concentration of runoff was substantially reduced when passing through the soil and suggests marked zinc retention, During a constant flow and supply of zinc into the soil, equivalent to three and a half years of precipitation in Stockholm, a zinc retention capacity of approximately 99% was recorded, Not only the total concentration, but also the bio-available portion of the total zinc concentration was reduced after passage through soil, Most of the retained zinc was located in top 3 cm of the soil core and suggests the total capacity for zinc retention of the investigated soil to be about 140 years per kilogram soil in an isolated system in real systems, changes of temperature, pH, microbial activity, weathering of minerals and deposition of new organic material must be considered. The results form part of the effect assessment, preceding future risk assessment of the environmental effects of dispersed zinc.
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| 12. |
- Bertling, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term corrosion-induced copper runoff from natural and artificial patina and its environmental impact
- 2006
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Ingår i: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. - 0730-7268 .- 1552-8618. ; 25:3, s. 891-898
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The overall objective of this paper is to present an extensive set of data for corrosion-induced copper dispersion and its environmental interaction with solid surfaces in the near vicinity of buildings. Copper dispersion is discussed in terms of total copper flows, copper speciation and bioavailability at the immediate release situation, and its changes during transport from source to recipient. Presented results are based on extensive field exposures (eight years) at an urban site, laboratory investigations of the runoff process, published field data, generated predictive site-specific runoff rate models, and reactivity investigations toward various natural and manmade surfaces, such as those in soil, limestone, and concrete. Emphasis is placed on the interaction of copper-containing runoff water with different soil systems through long-term laboratory column investigations. The fate of copper is discussed in terms of copper retention, copper chemical speciation, breakthrough capacities, and future mobilization based on changes in copper concentrations in the percolate water, computer modeling using the Windermere Humic Aqueous Model, and sequential extractions. The results illustrate that, for scenarios where copper comes in extensive contact with solid surfaces, such as soil and limestone, a large fraction of released copper is retained already in the immediate vicinity of the building. In all, both the total copper concentration in runoff water and its bioavailable part undergo a significant and rapid reduction.
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| 13. |
- Bertling, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Occurrence and fate of corrosion-induced zinc in runoff water from external structures
- 2006
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 367:2-3, s. 908-923
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper comprises data from an extensive cross-disciplinary research project aiming to elucidate the environmental fate of corrosion-induced zinc release from external structures. It includes an exposure assessment that provide long-term runoff rates, concentrations and chemical speciation of zinc, from 14 zinc-based materials exposed during 5 years in Stockholm, Sweden, and an effect assessment including bioavailability and ecotoxicity measurements, both at the immediate release situation and after soil interaction.Runoff rates of total zinc ranged from 0.07 to 2.5g Znm(-2) yr(-1) with zinc primarily released as the free ion for all materials investigated. The average effect concentration, causing a 50% growth reduction after 72h to the green algae Raphidocelis subcapitata, was at the immediate release situation 69 mu g ZnL-1. Upon interaction of runoff water with soil, which simulated 18 to 34years of exposure, the total zinc concentration was significantly reduced, from milligram per litre to microgram per litre levels. Simultaneously, the most bioavailable fraction of zinc in runoff, the hydrated zinc(II)-ion, decreased from more than 95% to about 30%. The major fraction, 98-99%, of the introduced total zinc concentration in the runoff water was retained within the soil. As long as the soil retention capacity was not reached, this resulted in zinc concentrations in the percolate water transported through the soil layer, close to background values and below growth inhibition concentrations for the green algae investigated. Zinc retained in soil was to a large extent (85-99.9%) extractable with EDTA, and available for plant uptake after 5 to 7months of ageing.
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| 14. |
- Holmqvist, Erik, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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RNA-binding activity and regulatory functions of the emerging sRNA-binding protein ProQ
- 2020
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Ingår i: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. Gene Regulatory Mechanisms. - : Elsevier BV. - 1874-9399 .- 1876-4320. ; 1863:9
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Regulatory small RNAs (sRNAs) ubiquitously impact bacterial physiology through antisense-mediated control of mRNA translation and stability. In Gram negative bacteria, sRNAs often associate with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), both to gain cellular stability and to enable regulatory efficiency. The Hfq and CsrA proteins were for long the only known global RBPs implicated in sRNA biology. During the last five years, the FinO domain-containing protein ProQ has emerged as another global RBP with a broad spectrum of sRNA and mRNA ligands. This review provides a summary of the current knowledge of enterobacterial ProQ, with a special focus on RNA binding activity, RNA ligand preferences, influence on RNA stability and gene expression, and impact on bacterial physiology. Considering that characterization of ProQ is still in its infancy, we highlight aspects that, when addressed, will provide important clues to the physiological functions and regulatory mechanisms of this globally acting RBP.
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| 15. |
- Ideland, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Forskningscirkel om lärande för hållbar utveckling : inspiration till och reflektion över hur hållbarhetsperspektiv kan integreras i olika skolämnen
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Begreppet hållbar utveckling är idag ett väletablerat begrepp, samtidigt som det är komplext och öppet för olika tolkningar. Hållbar utveckling innebär att samhället måste planera utifrån såväl ekologiska och sociala som ekonomiska aspekter. Eftersom begreppet kan förstås på olika sätt är utbildning en viktig del i utvecklingen av ett hållbart samhälle – inte bara för att utveckla kunskaper utan även för att få möjlighet att reflektera över problem och möjligheter. Betydelsen av en hållbar samhällsutveckling förstärktes i och med att FN utlyste en dekad för lärande om hållbar utveckling mellan åren 2005 och 2014. Målet med denna dekad var att elever och studenter skall kunna utveckla verktyg för att på så sätt kunna göra medvetna fram- tida val med hänsyn till ekologisk, ekonomisk och social hållbarhet. Med detta som grund har även Naturskyddsföreningen arbetat med att stärka och utveckla utbildningen för hållbar utveckling. Latinskolan i Malmö har fungerat som en modellskola för utvecklingen av lärande om hållbar utveckling med stöd av Naturskyddsföreningen. Projektet har även inkluderat samverkan med Malmö högskola, vilket har inneburit att forskare med förankring inom forskningsområdet hållbar utveckling arbetat med en forskningscirklel för lärare från Latinskolan för att på så sätt fördjupa kunskaperna inom området lärande för hållbar utveckling. Denna rapport är resultaten av denna forskningscirkel. I rapporten kan man läsa om följande projekt: Lena Ansner och Sofia Gustafson Aarnivaara har undersökt hur estetiska designprocesser kan bidra till att utveckla elevers kritiska tänkande såväl som deras möjligheter att ta plats i offentligheten. För att undersöka detta genomförde de ett projekt om gatukonst – där eleverna dels studerade befintlig gatukonst, dels gjorde egen gatukonst. Detta reste frågor om vems röst som får höras i samhället, och på vilken plats. I sin analys utforskade Lena och Sofia hur elever kan använda den konstnärliga processen för att ta plats och göra avtryck i det offentliga rummet och därmed stärka sin känsla av delaktighet i stadens utveckling. Josefine Lindeberg och Helena Heister har undersökt hur ett undervisningstema tillsammans där språkämnena svenska och engelska och biologiämnet skulle hjälpa eleverna att använda sina kunskaper för att argumentera och ta ställning i en hållbarhetsfråga. Ämnesområdet var genteknik, ett spännande case för att lyfta hållbar utveckling eftersom frågor kring hälsa, ekologi, men även ekonomiska vinstintressen är ständigt närvarande inom detta område. Ett resultat från studien handlar om frågan om att arbeta och svårigheten att försöka sammansmälta olika ämnen. I skolan finns en mängd olika strukturella motstånd som stör lärandet. Lars Berggren undersökte, inom ramen för ett ämnesövergripande medieprojekt, hur detta kunde bidra till att eleverna utvecklar en global handlingskompetens och en pluralistisk syn på vad som är »hållbart«. Tillsammans i projektet – som handlade om mänskliga rättigheter – arbetade en medieklass på estetiska programmet och en språkintroduktionsklass med nyanlända flyktingar. I inledningsfasen av hade esteteleverna en ganska gängse uppfattning om att svenskar är bättre än andra på mänskliga rättigheter, men efterhand infann sig en viss ödmjukhet inför språkintroduktionsklassens elevers kunskaper och erfarenheter.
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| 16. |
- Omazic, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Identifying climate-sensitive infectious diseases in animals and humans in Northern regions
- 2019
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Ingår i: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. - : BioMed Central. - 0044-605X .- 1751-0147. ; 61:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: General knowledge on climate change effects and adaptation strategies has increased significantly in recent years. However, there is still a substantial information gap regarding the influence of climate change on infectious diseases and how these diseases should be identified. From a One Health perspective, zoonotic infections are of particular concern. The climate in Northern regions is changing faster than the global average. This study sought to identify climate-sensitive infectious diseases (CSIs) of relevance for humans and/or animals living in Northern regions. Inclusion criteria for CSIs were constructed using expert assessments. Based on these principles, 37 potential CSIs relevant for Northern regions were identified. A systematic literature search was performed in three databases using an explicit stepwise approach to determine whether the literature supports selection of these 37 potential CSIs.Results: In total, 1275 nominated abstracts were read and categorised using predefined criteria. Results showed that arthropod vector-borne diseases in particular are recognised as having potential to expand their distribution towards Northern latitudes and that tick-borne encephalitis and borreliosis, midge-borne bluetongue and the parasitic infection fasciolosis can be classified as climate-sensitive. Many of the other potential CSIs considered are affected by extreme weather events, but could not be clearly classified as climate-sensitive. An additional literature search comparing awareness of climate influences on potential CSIs between 1997-2006 and 2007-2016 showed an increase in the number of papers mentioning effects of climate change.Conclusions: The four CSIs identified in this study could be targeted in a systematic surveillance programme in Northern regions. It is evident that climate change can affect the epidemiology and geographical range of many infectious diseases, but there were difficulties in identifying additional CSIs, most likely because other factors may be of equal or greater importance. However, climate-ecological dynamics are constantly under change, and therefore diseases may fall in or out of the climate-sensitive definition over time. There is increasing awareness in the literature of the effects of climate change on infectious diseases over time.
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| 17. |
- Tammimies, Kristiina, et al.
(författare)
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Association between copy number variation and response to social skills training in Autism Spectrum Disorder
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Challenges in social communication and interaction are core features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) for which social skills group training (SSGT) is a commonly used intervention. SSGT has shown modest and heterogeneous effects. One of the major genetic risk factors in ASD is rare copy number variation (CNV). However, limited information exists whether CNV profiles could be used to aid intervention decisions. Here, we analyzed the rare genic CNV carrier status for 207 children, of which 105 received SSGT and 102 standard care as part of a randomized clinical trial for SSGT. We found that being a carrier of rare genic CNV did not have an impact on the SSGT outcome measured by the parent-report Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). However, when stratifying by pathogenicity and size of the CNVs, we identified that carriers of clinically significant and large genic CNVs (>500 kb) showed inferior SRS outcomes at post-intervention (P = 0.047 and P = 0.036, respectively) and follow-up (P = 0.008 and P = 0.072, respectively) when adjusting for standard care effects. Our study provides preliminary evidence that carriers of clinically significant and large genic CNVs might not benefit as much from SSGT as non-carriers. Our results indicate that genetic information might help guide the modifications of interventions in ASD.
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| 18. |
- Tammimies, Kristiina, et al.
(författare)
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Association between rare copy number variation and response to social skills training in autism spectrum disorder
- 2018
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Ingår i: bioRxiv. - : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Challenges in social communication and interaction are core symptoms in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) for which social skills group training (SSGT) is a commonly used intervention. SSGT has shown modest but heterogeneous effects in clinical trials, and therefore identification of effect moderators could enable more precise intervention decisions. One of the major genetic risk factors in ASD are rare copy number variation (CNV). However, limited information exists whether rare CNVs profiles can be used to aid in intervention decisions. Therefore, we conducted the first study to date analyzing rare CNVs as genetic moderators in the outcome of SSGT in ASD. For this, we analyzed rare genic CNV carrier status of 207 children of which 105 received SSGT and 102 standard care as part of a recent randomized clinical trial for 12-weeks SSGT. We used mixed linear models to assess the association of being a CNV carrier, grouped by the effect and size of the CNVs and the primary response to SSGT, the parent-report Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) measured at post-intervention and 3-months follow-up. Additionally, we analyzed the secondary outcome assessments included parent-rated adaptive behaviors (ABAS-II) and trainer-rated clinical global impression (CGI). We show that being a carrier of any size rare genic CNV did not impact on the SSGT outcome. However, when stratifying the groups by size of the CNVs, we identified that carriers of large CNVs (>500 kb) showed inferior SRS outcomes at post-intervention (β = 15.35, 95% CI 2.86-27.84, P=0.017) and follow-up (β = 14.19, 95% CI 1.68-26.70, P=0.028). Similar results were shown for the parent-rated secondary outcome. In contrast, the carriers of small CNVs had better outcome at post-intervention (β = -1.20, 95 % CI -2.0 - -0.4 P = 0.003) but not at follow-up for the trainer-rated secondary outcome CGI. These results remained when we tested the specificity of the effect by including the standard care group and adjusting for IQ levels. While our study suggests that being a carrier of any size rare genic CNV did not impact the outcome, it provides preliminary evidence that carriers of high-risk CNVs might not benefit on SSGT as much as non-carriers. Our results indicate that genetic information eventually might help guide personalized intervention planning in ASD. We additionally highlight that more research is needed to understand the intervention needs of autistic individuals with specified molecular alterations.
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