| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Wahlberg, Åsa, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Post-traumatic stress symptoms in Swedish obstetricians and midwives after severe obstetric events : a cross-sectional retrospective survey
- 2017
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Ingår i: British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. - : WILEY. - 1470-0328 .- 1471-0528. ; 124:8, s. 1264-1271
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To examine post-traumatic stress reactions among obstetricians and midwives, experiences of support and professional consequences after severe events in the labour ward.Design: Cross-sectional online survey from January 7 to March 10, 2014.Population: Members of the Swedish Society of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and the Swedish Association of Midwives.Methods: Potentially traumatic events were defined as: the child died or was severely injured during delivery; maternal near-miss; maternal mortality; and other events such as violence or threat. The validated Screen Questionnaire Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (SQ-PTSD), based on DSM-IV (1994) 4th edition, was used to assess partial post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and probable PTSD.Main outcome measures: Partial or probable PTSD.Results: The response rate was 47% for obstetricians (n = 706) and 40% (n = 1459) for midwives. Eighty-four percent of the obstetricians and 71% of the midwives reported experiencing at least one severe event on the delivery ward. Fifteen percent of both professions reported symptoms indicative of partial PTSD, whereas 7% of the obstetricians and 5% of the midwives indicated symptoms fulfilling PTSD criteria. Having experienced emotions of guilt or perceived insufficient support from friends predicted a higher risk of suffering from partial or probable PTSD. Obstetricians and midwives with partial PTSD symptoms chose to change their work to outpatient care significantly more often than colleagues without these symptoms.Conclusions: A substantial proportion of obstetricians and midwives reported symptoms of partial or probable PTSD after severe traumatic events experienced on the labour ward. Support and resilience training could avoid suffering and consequences for professional carers.
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| 3. |
- Wahlberg, Åsa, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Self-reported exposure to severe events on the labour ward among Swedish midwives and obstetricians : A cross-sectional retrospective study
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - : Elsevier BV. - 0020-7489 .- 1873-491X. ; 65, s. 8-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The process of delivery entails potentially traumatic events in which the mother or child becomes injured or dies. Midwives and obstetricians are sometimes responsible for these events and can be negatively affected by them as well as by the resulting investigation or complaints procedure (clinical negligence).OBJECTIVE: To assess the self-reported exposure rate of severe events among midwives and obstetricians on the delivery ward and the cumulative risk by professional years and subsequent investigations and complaints.DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey.PARTICIPANTS: Members of the Swedish Association of Midwives (SFB) and the Swedish Society of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (SFOG).METHODS: A questionnaire covering demographic characteristics, experiences of self-reported severe events on the delivery ward, and complaints of medical negligence was developed. Potential consequences of the complaint was not reported. A severe event was defined as: 1) the death of an infant due to delivery-related causes during childbirth or while on the neonatal ward; 2) an infant being severely asphyxiated or injured at delivery; 3) maternal death; 4) very severe or life threatening maternal morbidity; or 5) other stressful events during delivery, such as exposure to violence or aggression.RESULTS: The response rate was 39.9% (n=1459) for midwives and 47.1% (n=706) for obstetricians. Eighty-four percent of the obstetricians and almost 71% of responding midwives had experienced one or more self-reported severe obstetric event with detrimental consequences for the woman or the new-born. Fourteen percent of the midwives and 22.4% of the obstetricians had faced complaints of medical negligence from the patient or the family of the patient.CONCLUSIONS: A considerable proportion of midwives and obstetricians will, in the course of their working life, experience severe obstetric events in which the mother or the new-born is injured or dies. Preparedness for such exposure should be part of the training, as should managerial and peer support for those in need. This could prevent serious consequences for the health care professionals involved and their subsequent careers.
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| 4. |
- Arnberg, Filip, Docent i klinisk psykologi, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Development and Pilot-testing of the Swedish Version of the PTSD Coach
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Sweden, four out of five people have smartphones, indicating the potential to increase the reach of low- intensity support after trauma via smartphone-apps to aid recovery. While there are many apps in the mental health field available to the general public, their effects are rarely evaluated. The PTSD Coach smartphone-app was developed by the VA ́s National Center for PTSD—Dissemination and Training Division. A Swedish version was developed by using existing code while making adjustment to the content for a Swedish context with a view for use by both civilians and veterans. A pilot study is underway and the findings will be used to inform a larger efficacy study. To date, 31 participants have been recruited to the pilot study, in which they use the Swedish version of the PTSD Coach for four weeks. Pre- and post- assessments include a structured clinical interview (MINI), PCL-5, PHQ-9 and the Swedish version of the PTSD Coach Survey. The participants’ experiences with using the app are explored in focus groups. During this presentation, the adaptation for the Swedish PTSD Coach will be outlined and experiences from the development and pilot study of the Swedish version will be described.
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| 5. |
- Bergh Johannesson, Kerstin, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR)
- 2019
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Ingår i: <em>Innovations in CBT for Childhood Anxiety, OCD & PTSD</em>. - Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press. - 9781108401326
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 6. |
- Bergh Johannesson, Kerstin, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of Exposure to Trauma on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptomatology in Swedish Tourist Tsunami Survivors
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. - 0022-3018 .- 1539-736X. ; 197:5, s. 316-323
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to examine long-term mental health and posttraumatic stress symptomatology in a Swedish tourist population after exposure to the 2004 Southeast Asian tsunami. Data from 4822 returned questionnaires 14 months after the disaster were analyzed. Respondents were categorized into 3 subgroups: (1) danger-to-life exposure group (having been caught or chased by the waves), (2) nondanger-to-life exposure group (exposed to other disaster-related stressors), and (3) low exposure group. Main outcome measures were General Health Questionnaire-12 and Impact of Event Scale-22-Revised. Danger-to-life exposure was an important factor in causing more severe posttraumatic stress symptoms and in affecting mental health. Female gender, single status, and former trauma experiences were associated with greater distress. Other factors related to more severe symptoms were loss of relatives, physical injuries, viewing many dead bodies, experiencing life threat, and showing signs of cognitive confusion. Disaster exposure has a substantial impact on survivors, which stresses the need for long-lasting support.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Bergh Johannesson, Kerstin, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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Krisstöd vid allvarlig händelse
- 2017. - 2
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Ingår i: Traumatologi. - : Liber. - 9789147114238
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Bergh Johannesson, Kerstin, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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Psychological Crisis Support in Major Incidents
- 2012
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Ingår i: Medical Responses to Major Incidents and Disasters. - Berlin Heidelberg : Springer London. - 9783642218941 ; , s. 363-377
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Bergh Johannesson, Kerstin, 1949-
(författare)
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Psykologiskt omhändertagande av skadade
- 2007. - 1
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Ingår i: Traumatologi. - : Liber. - 9789147052165 ; , s. 473-482
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Bergh Johannesson, Kerstin, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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Six years after the wave : Trajectories of posttraumatic stress following a natural disaster
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Anxiety Disorders. - : Elsevier BV. - 0887-6185 .- 1873-7897. ; 36, s. 15-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe characteristics of long-term trajectories of distress after disasters are unclear, since few studies include a comparison group. This study examines trajectories of recovery among survivors in comparison to individuals with indirect exposure.MethodsPostal surveys were sent to Swedish tourists, repatriated from the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami (n = 2268), at 1, 3, and 6 years after the tsunami to assess posttraumatic stress (PTS) and poor mental health. Items were used to ascertain high and moderate disaster exposure groups and an indirect exposure comparison group.ResultsLong-term PTS trajectories were best characterized by a resilient (72.3%), a severe chronic (4.6%), a moderate chronic (11.2%) and a recovering (11.9%) trajectory. Trajectories reported higher levels of PTS than the comparison group. Exposure severity and bereavement were highly influential risk factors.ConclusionsThese findings have implications regarding anticipation of long-term psychological adjustment after natural disasters and need for interventions after a single traumatic event with few secondary stressors.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Bergh Johannesson, Kerstin, 1949-
(författare)
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Traumatic Exposure, Bereavement and Recovery among Survivors and Close Relatives after Disasters
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- International studies of disasters indicate the risk for developing posttraumatic stress reactions among survivors is high. Modern life implicates increased traveling. During the last decades a large number of Swedish citizens were confronted with disasters taking place outside of their country. The prevalence of trauma reactions in a population that does not normally experience natural disasters, but are able to return to a community unaffected by the catastrophe, is not well studied. In addition, the effects of bereavement after traumatic circumstances have not been satisfactorily explored. Longitudinal studies on the effects of natural disasters are underrepresented and there are few studies investigating the course of recovery after traumatic exposure. The aim for this thesis was to examine long-term post-traumatic stress reactions, mental health, and complicated grief after disaster exposure and traumatic bereavement. Data from returned questionnaires were analysed from bereaved Italian and Swedish relatives 18 months after the Linate airplane disaster 2001, and at 14 months and three years from Swedish travelers returning from Southeast Asia after the 2004 tsunami disaster, and from home staying bereaved relatives within the second year after the tsunami disaster. The main outcome measures were GHQ-12, IES-R and Inventory of Complicated Grief. The findings indicated many survivors were resilient and had ability to recover, but severe exposure to a disaster had considerable impact on psychological distress. Life threat was associated with higher levels of post-traumatic stress reactions, and increased the risk for affected mental health and suicidal ideation. Loss in combination with severe life threat exposure indicated a further increased risk of posttraumatic stress reactions and for complicated grief; this should be considered a substantial risk factor for general mental health. Loss of close relatives, especially loss of children, was associated with higher levels of posttraumatic stress and created a greater risk for complicated grief. Many survivors recovered over time; however, severe exposure and traumatic loss appeared to slow the recovery process. The findings have implications for government and health agencies, regarding the importance of knowledge and awareness of these risks for health, and for organizational structure, training, and accessibility of support and adequate treatment.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Cernvall, Martin, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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A pilot study of user satisfaction and perceived helpfulness of the Swedish version of the mobile app PTSD Coach
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Psychotraumatology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-8198 .- 2000-8066. ; 9:Suppl 1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There is a need for accessible interventions in the aftermath of traumatic events with documented efficacy for preventing or reducing negative mental health consequences. The PTSD Coach is a mobile app that has shown to be effective in reducing symptoms of posttraumatic stress (PTSS). Objective: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the user satisfaction, perceived helpfulness and potential reductions of PTSS and symptoms of depression among participants using the Swedish version of the PTSD Coach. Method: This was an uncontrolled pre-test post-test open trial including participants recruited from the community via advertisement and from an ongoing observational study who had experienced a potentially traumatic event in the last five years. Participants had access to the Swedish PTSD Coach app for four weeks. Results: Eleven participants (mean age = 38.6, female = 8) completed the study. Nine of the participants met criteria for full or partial PTSD. Results from the PTSD Coach Survey indicated that participants found the app slightly to moderately helpful and were slightly to moderately satisfied with the app. Nominal but not statistically significant reductions of medium effect sizes in PTSS (PCL-5) and depression (PHQ-9) from pre- to post-assessment were found. In interviews, participants indicated that they found elements such as learning about PTSD, breathing exercises and monitoring symptoms helpful in managing symptoms. However, several participants indicated that they had not used the app as much as they had intended to. Participants also had suggestions for improvements such as enhanced app structure and better guidance regarding how to use the app. Conclusions: The perceived helpfulness and user satisfaction were slightly lower compared to research on the original version of the app. Experiences from the study are discussed and a future controlled study of the Swedish version of the PTSD Coach is suggested.
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| 19. |
- Eklund, Rakel, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Daily uplifts during the COVID-19 pandemic : what is considered helpful in everyday life?
- 2022
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Nature. - 1471-2458. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundKnowledge of what is uplifting and helpful during pandemics could inform the design of sustainable pandemic recommendations in the future. We have explored individuals’ views on helpful and uplifting aspects of everyday life during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.MethodsParticipants answered a brief, daily survey via text messages during 14 consecutive days in July–August, 2020. The survey included the question: “During the past 24 hours, is there anything that has made you feel good or helped you in your life?” We used content analysis to compile responses from 693 participants, who provided 4,490 free-text answers, which resulted in 24 categories subsumed under 7 themes.ResultsPositive aspects during the COVID-19 pandemic primarily related to social interactions, in real life or digitally, with family, friends and others. Other important aspects concerning work, colleagues and maintaining everyday life routines. One theme concerning vacations, going on excursions and being in nature. Leisure and recreation activities, such as hobbies and physical exercise, also emerged as important, as did health-related factors. Bodily sensations, thoughts, feelings and activities that benefited well-being were mentioned frequently. Lastly, people commented on the government strategies for containing COVID-19, and whether to comply with restrictions.ConclusionsTo summarize, daily uplifts and helpful aspects of everyday life centered around social relationships. To comply with recommendations on physical distancing, people found creative ways to maintain social connections both digitally and face-to-face. Social interaction, maintenance of everyday life routines, hobbies and physical activity appeared to be important for well-being.
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| 20. |
- Eklund, Rakel, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Daily uplifts during the COVID-19 pandemic: What is considered helpful in everyday life?
- 2021
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Knowledge about what has been experienced as uplifting and helpful during the pandemic could inform sustainable pandemic recommendations. Objective: We explored individuals’ views on helpful and uplifting aspects of their everyday life during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Participants answered a brief, daily survey via SMS for 14 consecutive days during July-August, 2020. The survey included the question: “During the past 24 hours, is there anything that has made you feel good or helped you in your life?”. We used content analysis to compile the responses from 693 participants who provided 4490 free-text answers, which resulted in 25 categories subsumed under 7 themes. Results: Positive aspects during COVID-19 primarily related to social interactions, in real life or digitally, with family, friends, and others. Other important aspects concerned work and colleagues, as well as leisure and recreation activities, such as hobbies and physical exercise. As the data collection took place during the summer, one theme concerned vacation, doing excursions, and being in nature. Nevertheless, maintaining everyday life routines emerged as important. Participants also mentioned health-related factors. Sensations, thoughts, feelings, and activities that benefited wellbeing were frequently reported. Lastly, people were writing about the government strategies for containing COVID-19, and whether to comply with restrictions. Conclusions: Daily uplifts and helpful aspects of everyday life centered around social relationships. During recommendations for social distancing, people find creative ways to maintain their social connections digitally and face-to-face. Social interaction, maintenance of everyday life routines, hobbies and physical activity appears important for wellbeing during pandemics.
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| 21. |
- Englund, Liselotte, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Media perception and trust among disaster survivors : Tsunami survivors' interaction with journalists, media exposure, and associations with trust in media and authorities
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Public Health. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-2565. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A critical part of disaster communication is media coverage in the interface of the afflicted, media, and authorities. One communication key is building trust. Disaster survivors encounter journalists in a high-stress context, but little is known about their perceptions of these interactions and the subsequent media exposure. The aim of this study is to explore how survivors 6 years after a major disaster perceived their encounters with journalists and exposure in the media, as well as their level of trust in the media, compared with government and authorities. Data were used from a longitudinal study of Swedish tourists, repatriated from the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, surveyed up to 6 years after the tsunami to assess posttraumatic stress (PTS) and effects on mental health. At 6 years after, the survey included questions about survivors' perceptions of journalist interactions (reported by n = 311), of their own media exposure (n = 177), and survivors' trust in media organizations and public authorities (n = 1,181). Tsunami survivors mainly perceived interactions with journalists as being professional. There were 14% who reported that the interactions were supportive and 17% that the interactions were a strain. Similarly, most participants had a neutral view concerning the subsequent media coverage or exposure, although 12% experienced media exposure as stressful and 12% reported that it had been involuntary. Finally, the survivors indicated higher confidence and trust in Swedish radio and TV as compared to the Swedish authorities, and the participants' level of trust in the media was associated with their perceptions of journalists, r = 0.34, p < 0.001, and media coverage, r = 0.47, p < 0.001. Disaster survivors mainly agreed with emotionally neutral statements about interacting with the media, the performance of journalists on site, and their own media exposure. Nonetheless, a substantial minority found the encounters and exposure to be negative, and the results suggest a link between personal experiences or perceptions and trust in the media.
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| 22. |
- Englund, Liselotte, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Reporting under extreme conditions : journalists' experience of disaster coverage
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Communication. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2297-900X. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Media presence on site and reports on disasters are crucial parts of disaster communication. Aside from authorities, civil society, concerned businesses and citizens, the media constitute an important actor. The working conditions, situational competence and management among journalists on duty in a disaster area are important factors within the complex area of crisis management and disaster communication. This study aims to explore the working conditions, challenges, and coping strategies among journalists covering the Haiti earthquake in 2010.Methods: Ten months after the event, Scandinavian journalists (n = 32) provided free-text responses about their work on site through a web survey. The free- text responses underwent content analysis. In addition, self-report questionnaires were used to assess general mental health and posttraumatic stress.Results: We found that journalists faced five main challenges in Haiti: situational (technicalities, practical, collegial), professional (mission, approach, roles), personal (traits, emotions, coping), traumatic (general mental health and posttraumatic stress) and experiential (learning and growth). They described a difficult and challenging mission, but also an eye-opening and life-changing experience. Most respondents' questionnaire responses indicated low risk for both poor mental health and posttraumatic stress, with a few significant exceptions. Being properly equipped and mentally prepared, getting collegial support and maintaining professional focus were seen as important, and good leadership and clear instructions from editors at home were highlighted.Discussion: Corroboration of the present findings would strengthen our knowledge of their experiences, and may provide valuable insights for designing preparedness activities in the future as well as for applying to other communication functions in disasters.
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| 23. |
- Kazlauskas, Evaldas, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) in 9230 adults across seven European countries : Findings from the ESTSS ADJUST study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Affective Disorders. - : ELSEVIER. - 0165-0327 .- 1573-2517. ; 335, s. 18-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The four-item Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) is a widely used screening measure for depression and anxiety.Objectives: This study aimed to test factor structure and measurement invariance in an adult sample of the general population across seven European countries.Method: A total sample of 9230 adults, 71.3 % female, Mage = 44.35 (SD = 14.11) from seven countries (Austria, Croatia, Georgia, Germany, Lithuania, Portugal, and Sweden) participated in the study. We applied confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to examine the factor structure and measurement invariance testing to evaluate mea-surement equivalence across countries, gender, and age groups.Results: The CFA yielded that a two-factor PHQ-4 model with separate depression and anxiety factors had the best fit. Partial scalar measurement invariance was established across different groups based on gender, age, and country.Conclusions: The PHQ-4 is a valid and reliable measure that can be applied to screen for depression and anxiety in the general population.Limitations: The limitation of the study includes the sampling, which resulted in the sample structure with the majority of females, predominantly of high education and from urban communities.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Michel, Per-Olof
(författare)
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Psykotraumatologi
- 2018. - 3
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Människosläktet har genom årtusenden exponerats för olyckor och naturkatastrofer. Transportolyckor och andra tekniska katastrofer, krig och flyktingtrauman, terrorhändelser liksom interpersonellt våld och traumatiska övergrepp under uppväxten kan utgöra påfrestningar under människors liv samt leda till svåra hälsoeffekter.Denna tredje upplaga av Psykotraumatologi riktar sitt fokus mot den utveckling som skett under senaste decenniet när det gäller forskningen inom området. Sålunda beskrivs hur människor reagerar på hot och på faktorer som både kan öka risken för och motverka utvecklingen av traumatisk stress. Komplicerade sorgereaktioner och traumarelaterade tillstånd beskrivs ingående både när det gäller barn och vuxna. Vidare är avsnitten om neurobiologi, krisstöd i akutfas och behandling uppdaterade.Syftet med Psykotraumatologi är att utgöra en samlad kunskapskälla för den som behöver det i sin utbildning och fortbildning. På så sätt kan alla som i sin profession kommer i kontakt med potentiellt traumatiserade individer, till exempel inom hälso- och sjukvården, skolväsendet samt inom kommunernas socialtjänst ha nytta av boken.
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| 27. |
- Michel, Per-Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Psykotraumatologi
- 2010. - 2:1
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 28. |
- Michel, Per-Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Överlevande svenskar efter tsunamin : 3-årsuppföljning visar relativt god hälsa – men många har problem
- 2009
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 41:106, s. 2604-2606
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The mental health situation among the population of Swedish tsunami survivors investigated three years after the disaster was relatively good, and appeared to have improved compared to the earlier investigation in spring 2006, 14-months post-tsunami. Women appeared to suffer from reactions and discomfort more than men did. Even though the health situation was good for the majority of participants, there were still a considerable minority with problems after the tsunami, for instance, the most seriously stricken who were exposed to a life-threatening situation or who had lost loved ones. Further studies will determine how their health develops.
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| 29. |
- Nilsson, Doris, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of the Swedish Trauma Symptom Inventory-2 in a clinical and a student population
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation. - : Elsevier BV. - 2468-7499. ; 2:2, s. 71-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction The Trauma Symptom Inventory-2 (TSI-2) is a broad-spectrum assessment instrument designed to identify symptoms that can appear in the aftermath of potentially traumatic experiences.Objective This study aimed to evaluate the external and internal validity of this newly reconstructed instrument.Method In total, 696 individuals participated in the study, including 83 psychiatric outpatients. Participants answered the TSI-2, together with a trauma history questionnaire, and other questionnaires assumed to correlate with the different scales included in the TSI-2.Results Validity was evaluated by correlations between the TSI-2 and the other instruments and by the differences between clinical and non-clinical populations. Reliability was calculated by testing internal consistency and test-re-test reliability. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was computed to test the postulated four-factor structure. Cronbach's alpha was found to be good and ranged from α = .77 to .91 and test-retest reliability was strong. Strong to satisfactory correlations were found between the TSI-2 and the other instruments. The student sample scored significantly lower than the clinical group on all clinical scales. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated with different cut-off scores.Conclusion Despite the CFA demonstrating a questionably good model of fit, most of the scales proved to be sound and the TSI-2 could be recommended as a broad-spectrum assessment instrument.
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| 30. |
- Sveen, Josefin, Docent, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Trajectories of prolonged grief one to six years after a natural disaster
- 2018
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 13:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe long-term trajectories of prolonged grief are poorly understood. The aims were to examine the course of grief among bereaved disaster survivors up to six years post loss and factors predicting worse bereavement outcome. A third aim was to explore differences in grief indicators between trajectories.MethodsBereaved Swedish tourists who survived the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunamis responded to surveys including the Inventory of Complicated Grief 1 to 6 years after the disaster. Latent growth mixture modeling was used to identify longitudinal trajectories of grief. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to examine predictors of class membership.ResultsThree trajectories were identified: resilient (41% of the sample), recovering (48%), and chronic (11%). The strongest predictor of chronic grief was the loss of one’s child. When examining grief indicators, the chronic trajectory was characterized by not accepting the loss, while yearning was common in all trajectories.ConclusionsThis study highlights the importance of considering how traumatically bereaved individuals can be affected by loss for several years after a disaster, especially after losing one’s child. An inability to accept the loss, more so than yearning, appears to characterize bereaved survivors at risk of a chronic trajectory of grief.
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