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| 10. |
- Berglin, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Pilot-scale combustion studies with kraft lignin in a powder burner and a CFB boiler
- 2010
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Ingår i: TAPPI Journal. - 0734-1415. ; 9:6, s. 24-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Processes have been developed to produce a solid biofuel with high energy density and low ash content from kraft lignin precipitated from black liquor. Pilot-scale tests of the lignin biofuel were carried out with a 150 kW powder burner and a 12 MW circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler. Lignin powder could be fired in a powder burner with good combustion performance after some trimming of the air flows to reduce swirl. Lignin dried to 10% moisture content was easy to feed smoothly and had less bridging tendencies in the feeding system than did wood/ bark powder. In the CFB boiler, lignin was easily handled and cofired together with bark. Although the filter cake was broken into smaller pieces and fines, the combustion was not disturbed. When cof ¡ring lignin with bark, the sulfur emission increased compared with bark firing only, but most of the sulfur was captured by calcium in the bark ash. Conventional sulfur capture also occurred with addition of limestone to the bed. The sulfur content in the lignin had a significantly positive effect on reducing the alkali chloride content in the deposits, thus reducing the high temperature corrosion risk. Application: This research is of interest for pulp and paper and energy and utilities companies that want to understand how kraft lignin can be used to replace fuel oil or coal in many combustion applications.
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| 11. |
- Bernstad Saraiva, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Provision of pulpwood and short rotation eucalyptus in Bahia, Brazil : Environmental impacts based on lifecycle assessment methodology
- 2017
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Ingår i: Biomass and Bioenergy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0961-9534 .- 1873-2909. ; 105, s. 41-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmental impacts from cultivation of eucalyptus pulpwood and short rotation eucalyptus in northeast Brazil were investigated using lifecycle assessment methodology. The assessment considers all relevant inputs and outputs, as well as direct land use changes, assuming conversion of grassland (pasture) to areas for eucalyptus plantation. Results show that production of pulpwood eucalyptus is beneficial compared to short rotation eucalyptus in relation to all assessed impact categories, except for climate change (greenhouse gas emissions = 47 kg CO2-eq. t DM−1 pulpwood eucalyptus and 35 kg CO2-eq. t DM−1 short rotation eucalyptus). Excluding emissions from direct land use changes would increase overall GWP from investigated systems with around 5–6%, and changing the assumed land-use prior to land conversion is of decisive character for overall GWP-results from the assessed eucalyptus production systems. Modeling of nutrient balances in the short rotation production system shows a potential need to increase the input of mineral fertilizer in order to compensate for nutrient losses. This would increase environmental impacts from the short rotation system, making pulpwood eucalyptus preferable in relation to all assessed impact categories.
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- Blomström, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Pre- and intraoperative identification of multiple accessory pathways. Experience of 19 pathways in 9 patients
- 1989
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Ingår i: Cardiology. - : S. Karger AG. - 0008-6312 .- 1421-9751. ; 76:1, s. 42-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pre- and intraoperative electrophysiological studies in 9 patients with two or more accessory pathways are described. The presence of multiple accessory pathways was clinically suspected in only 2 patients. During the preoperative electrophysiological study two accessory pathways were identified in 7 patients and a single pathway in 2 patients. At operation, additionally three accessory pathways were identified in 3 patients. One out of two pathways, found preoperatively, could not be confirmed in 1 patient. It is concluded that the clinical or preoperative electrophysiological evidence of only one accessory pathway should not distract one's attention from considering multiple accessory pathways in patients presenting only one type of tachycardia.
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- Brink, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Anti-carbamylated protein antibodies in the pre-symptomatic phase of rheumatoid arthritis, their relationship with multiple anti-citrulline peptide antibodies and association with radiological damage
- 2015
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Ingår i: Arthritis Research & Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1478-6362 .- 1478-6354. ; 17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The presence of a new autoantibody system, anti-carbamylated protein (anti-CarP) antibodies, has been identified in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The presence of anti-CarP antibodies was evaluated in samples taken from individuals who subsequently developed RA before and after onset of symptoms and related to previously analysed antibodies against citrullinated peptides (ACPA specificities) and anti-CCP2. Methods: A total of 252 individuals, with 423 samples from before onset of symptoms of RA, and 197 population controls were identified as donors to the Medical Biobank of Northern Sweden; 192 of them were also sampled at the time of diagnosis. All samples were analysed for anti-CarP IgG and anti-CCP2 antibodies using ELISAs. Ten different antibody reactivities against citrullinated antigens (ACPA specificities) were analysed using a custom-made microarray based on the ImmunoCAP ISAC system (Phadia). Results: The concentration of anti-CarP antibodies was significantly increased in the pre-symptomatic individuals compared with controls (P < 0.001) and also increased significantly after disease onset (P < 0.001). The sensitivity for anti-CarP antibodies in the pre-symptomatic individuals was 13.9% (95% CI: 11 to 17.6) and 42.2% (95% CI: 35.4 to 49.3) following development of RA. Anti-CarP antibody positivity was found in 5.1% to 13.3% of individuals negative for anti-CCP2 or ACPA specificities. Presence of anti-CarP antibodies was significantly related to radiological destruction at baseline, at 24 months and also to radiological change (P < 0.05, all). Conclusions: The results indicate that anti-CarP antibodies are associated with disease development, even after adjusting for the presence of different ACPA fine specificities, and in anti-CCP2 negative individuals and contribute to the identification of a subset of patients with worse radiological progression of the disease independent of ACPA.
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- Brink, M, et al.
(författare)
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PROTEIN PROFILING IN PRE-SYMPTOMATIC ANCA-ASSOCIATED VASCULITIS INDIVIDUALS.
- 2022
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Ingår i: ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES. - : BMJ. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 81, s. 362-362
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a rare chronic relapsing condition, with unknown etiology.ObjectivesThis study was undertaken to gain insight to the molecular processes and to find potential biomarkers in blood samples collected prior to the onset of symptoms of AAV.MethodsThe National Patient Register and Cause of Death register were searched for AAV-ICD codes and linked to the registers of five biobanks. Eighty-five AAV cases were identified (34 males, 51 females) with samples >1month <10years from AAV symptom onset. For each case two controls matched for sex, age, and sampling date were included. Samples were analyzed using ELISAs for PR3- or MPO-ANCA specificities. Ninety-two protein markers were analyzed using Olink Inflammation panel, (OLINK, Uppsala, Sweden) with 73 eligible after quality control.ResultsEight protein markers were significantly altered between pre-AAV and controls, with higher levels of CCL23, CXCL5 (p< 0.01-0.05) and lower levels of Flt3L, STAMBP, ADA, TNFB, CX3CL1 and IL-15RA (p< 0.01-0.05) in the pre-AAV individuals. Nine protein markers were found significantly associated with time to symptom onset; CXCL9, CD244, VEGFA, CXCL1, TNFSF9, OPG, CSF-1, IFN-gamma and CD40 (p< 0.01-0.05). In pre-AAV individuals, six proteins were associated with MPO-ANCA-positivity compared with the MPO-ANCA-negative pre-AAV individuals which showed no overlap with the seven proteins related to PR3-ANCA-positivity.ConclusionTo our knowledge our study is the first to analyze for and identify protein markers before symptom onset in AAV. This allowed for further studies of underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms in AAV pathogenesis as well as the diversification into PR3-ANCA and MPO-ANCA subphenotypes.Disclosure of InterestsMikael Brink: None declared, Ewa Berglin: None declared, Aladdin J Mohammad Speakers bureau: Roche, Gsk, AMGEN; Vifor, Lilly, Consultant of: Roche & AMGEN, Andrey Alexeyenko: None declared, Kristina Lejon: None declared, Solbritt Rantapää Dahlqvist: None declared
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| 18. |
- Christianson, Monica, et al.
(författare)
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"It should be an ordinary thing" : a qualitative study about young people´s experiences of taking the HIV-test and getting the test result
- 2010
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 24:4, s. 678-683
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Increased HIV-testing has public health benefits, but for youth there is a multitude of barriers against the test. The aim of this study is to explore how young women and men in Sweden experience HIV-testing within primary healthcare. Method: Six focus-group interviews were tape recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed according to qualitative content analysis. Results: Three themes emerged, describing how the informants were met before, during and after testing; ‘Obstacles accessing the clinic’– describes their perceptions on how to overcome different barriers and enter into primary health care. ‘Quick and easy testing’– describes perceptions of the testing procedure and ‘Conflicting and unclear information about test results’– describes inconsistencies concerning communication of the test result and a concern about ‘what would happen’ in the event of an HIV-positive finding. Most of these youth preferred the HIV-test ‘quick and easy’ and preferred a telephone referral of the test result. A minority of them worried about HIV, and they thought that the staff seemed to be unprepared for an HIV-positive test result. Conclusion: According to these youth, a quick and easy testing procedure together with a short pretest discussion may be sufficient and may also help normalising the testing practice. In a Swedish context, it may be common to see heterosexual youth as a risk-free population, and this perception may act as a barrier for HIV-testing and increase missed opportunities for early diagnose of HIV within primary care.
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- Henriksson, C., et al.
(författare)
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Knowledge and attitudes toward seeking medical care for AMI-symptoms
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology. - 1874-1754. ; 147:2, s. 224-227
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Time is crucial when an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) occurs, but patients often wait before seeking medical care. AIM: To investigate and compare patients' and relatives' knowledge of AMI, attitudes toward seeking medical care, and intended behaviour if AMI-symptoms occur. METHODS: The present study was a descriptive, multicentre study. Participants were AMI-patients
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- Perrotta, S., et al.
(författare)
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Left thoracotomy for recurrent left ventricular pseudoaneurysm
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of cardiovascular medicine (Hagerstown, Md.). - 1558-2035.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A 63-year-old man developed a left ventricular pseudoaneurysm 6 months after surgery for coronary artery disease, mitral valve insufficiency and left ventricular aneurysm. The grafts were patent and the mitral valve competent, so it was decided to resect the pseudoaneurysm. The heart was approached through a left posterolateral thoracotomy using a femoral arteriovenous cardiopulmonary bypass with moderate hypothermia (25 degrees C) and fibrillatory arrest. The postoperative course was uneventful. At follow-up, 55 months after surgery, the patient is doing well and magnetic resonance reveals absence of pseudoaneurysm and increased left ventricular ejection fraction. In patients with left ventricular pseudoaneurysm undergoing redo surgery, especially in the presence of patent coronary grafts, left thoracotomy seems to be a suitable alternative to full sternotomy.
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| 27. |
- Tufveson, G, et al.
(författare)
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Organ transplantation in Göteborg with particular reference to kidney transplantation.
- 1993
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Ingår i: Clinical transplants. - 0890-9016. ; , s. 243-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The limiting factor in organ transplantation is the availability of organs. Continuing work to improve the public's willingness to donate organs and inspire hospital staff to collaborate in organ procurement is essential. Identification of patients who will not benefit from transplantation can also increase the availability of organs. Grafts may also be saved by identification and appropriate treatment of recurrent renal disease. Xenotransplantation may eventually solve the problem, but major obstacles remain. Meanwhile, work in this field may help to clarify mechanisms of rejection. New immunosuppressive drugs may improve graft survival and reduce the incidence and progression of chronic rejection.
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| 28. |
- van Steenbergen, H. W., et al.
(författare)
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Association of valine and leucine at HLA-DRB1 position 11 with radiographic progression in rheumatoid arthritis, independent of the shared epitope alleles but not independent of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies
- 2015
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Ingår i: Arthritis & Rheumatology. - : Wiley. - 2326-5191 .- 2326-5205. ; 67:4, s. 877-886
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: For decades it has been known that the HLA-DRB1 shared epitope (SE) alleles are associated with an increased risk of development and progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Recently, the following variations in the peptide-binding grooves of HLA molecules that predispose to RA development have been identified: Val and Leu at HLA-DRB1 position 11, Asp at HLA-B position 9, and Phe at HLA-DPB1 position 9. This study was undertaken to investigate whether these variants are also associated with radiographic progression in RA, independent of SE and anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) status.METHODS: A total of 4,911 radiograph sets from 1,878 RA patients included in the Leiden Early Arthritis Clinic (The Netherlands), Umeå (Sweden), Hospital Clinico San Carlos-Rheumatoid Arthritis (Spain), and National Data Bank for Rheumatic Diseases (US) cohorts were studied. HLA was imputed using single-nucleotide polymorphism data from an Immunochip, and the amino acids listed above were tested in relation to radiographic progression per cohort using an additive model. Results from the 4 cohorts were combined in inverse-variance weighted meta-analyses using a fixed-effects model. Analyses were conditioned on SE and ACPA status.RESULTS: Val and Leu at HLA-DRB1 position 11 were associated with more radiographic progression (meta-analysis P = 5.11 × 10(-7)); this effect was independent of SE status (meta-analysis P = 0.022) but not independent of ACPA status. Phe at HLA-DPB1 position 9 was associated with more severe radiographic progression (meta-analysis P = 0.024), though not independent of SE status. Asp at HLA-B position 9 was not associated with radiographic progression.CONCLUSION: Val and Leu at HLA-DRB1 position 11 conferred a risk of a higher rate of radiographic progression independent of SE status but not independent of ACPA status. These findings support the relevance of these amino acids at position 11.
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- Zimmer, Christine L., et al.
(författare)
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A biliary immune landscape map of primary sclerosing cholangitis reveals a dominant network of neutrophils and tissue-resident T cells
- 2021
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Ingår i: Science Translational Medicine. - : AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE. - 1946-6234 .- 1946-6242. ; 13:599
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The human biliary system, a mucosal barrier tissue connecting the liver and intestine, is an organ often affected by serious inflammatory and malignant diseases. Although these diseases are linked to immunological processes, the biliary system represents an unexplored immunological niche. By combining endoscopy-guided sampling of the biliary tree with a high-dimensional analysis approach, comprehensive mapping of the human biliary immunological landscape in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), a severe biliary inflammatory disease, was conducted. Major differences in immune cell composition in bile ducts compared to blood were revealed. Furthermore, biliary inflammation in patients with PSC was characterized by high presence of neutrophils and T cells as compared to control individuals without PSC. The biliary T cells displayed a CD103(+)CD69(+) effector memory phenotype, a combined gut and liver homing profile, and produced interleukin-17 (IL-17) and IL-22. Biliary neutrophil infiltration in PSC associated with CXCL8, possibly produced by resident T cells, and CXCL16 was linked to the enrichment of T cells. This study uncovers the immunological niche of human bile ducts, defines a local immune network between neutrophils and biliary-resident T cells in PSC, and provides a resource for future studies of the immune responses in biliary disorders.
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