| 1. |
- Almefelt, Lars, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Requirements management in practice: findings from an empirical study in the automotive industry
- 2006
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Ingår i: Research in Engineering Design. ; 17:3, s. 113-134
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an empirical study carried out in the automotive industry, with the aim to bring forward new experiences and knowledge on management of requirements in practice. Adopting a qualitative systems approach, and using multiple information sources, the requirements management process during the development of a passenger car cockpit has been mapped out. More specifically, the intention has been to identify and describe progress, changes, deviations, and compromises regarding the requirements and their fulfilment linked to the different phases of the product development. The logical reconstruction of the requirements management process is complemented with broad descriptions of associated phenomena, such as important events, organisational structures, competences, and attitudes. Findings are presented, analysed and discussed considering also factors underlying observed phenomena. Accompanying the empirical findings, the paper concludes with recommendations for constructive and efficient requirements management in practice.
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| 2. |
- Awais, Fawad, et al.
(författare)
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Biofuels
- 2013
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- WP1 Report, Sustainable Intermodal Supply Systems for Biofuel and Bulk Freight
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| 3. |
- Berglund, Fredrik, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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CDIO-Based Master Programme in Product Development
- 2007
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Ingår i: The 3rd International CDIO Conference, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, June 11-14.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the autumn 2007, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden, will launch 44 new Master’s programmes, as a step in the Bologna process. The Master’s programme in Product Development, one of these programmes, aims to provide an environment and course syllabus that gives students the knowledge, skills and attitudes to act efficiently within global product developing organizations. This includes specific technical knowledge related to product development, managerial skills to plan and control the process, and practical attainments in using advanced methods and tools for collaborative product development. The diversity of the intake, with students with an undergraduate background in mechanical, electrical, industrial management or industrial design engineering, is used as an asset, enabling student project to be truly multidisciplinary, addressing engineering as well as business development aspects. This paper, will summarize the experiences of designing this programme using the CDIO standards and syllabus (www.cdio.org). In addition, the paper will discuss challenges when designing a curriculum in a programme description and making sure that overall learning objectives for the programme are met through individual courses and assessment methods.
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| 4. |
- Berglund, Fredrik, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-functional Product Development education - experiences from a decade of student projects in collaboration with industry
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Conference on Design Education (Connected 2007), 9 – 12 July 2007, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developing products is a multi-disciplinary process of identifying and envisaging user needs and bringing those needs into life. This has to be done in a cost-efficient manner, while ensuring products that exceed expectations on quality standards in form, fit, and function and – stand out from competition. These facts, have made it necessary to incorporate project-based learning in collaboration with industry in a product development curriculum, in which students gain experiences in developing products and insights in industrial activities. As a result these students can grasp inter-related aspects of subjects associated to product development better. Some ten years ago, Chalmers University of Technology made it possible for students not only from mechanical engineering to take a project course in Product Development, but also students from automation and control, industrial economics, and students studying either a MSc or MArt in Industrial Design. This was done mainly to address the multi-disciplinary nature of designing, so that students could get the opportunity to appreciate the skills attained by students from other disciplines and learn from each other. Since Chalmers University of Technology now shift its educational framework according to the Bologna process, and starting 44 new Master’s programmes (Product Development being one of them) we will take the opportunity to summarise our experiences of providing these cross-functional product development projects, with 4th year students, where student groups plans and carries out all phases in a product development project to solve an industrial problem in close collaboration with an industry partner. These experiences reflect process design, supervising, adopted pedagogic, student teamwork and academic/industrial collaborations.
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| 5. |
- Berglund, Fredrik, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences from developing a Master’s programme in Product Development
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Conference on Design Education (Connected 2007), 9 – 12 July 2007, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the autumn 2007, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden, will launch 44 Master’s programmes, as a step in the Bologna process. The Bologna Process is an intergovernmental initiative which aims to create a European Higher Education Area (EHEA) by 2010 and to promote the European system of higher education worldwide. The Master’s programme in Product Development, one of these programmes, aims to provide an environment and course syllabus that gives students the knowledge, skills and attitudes to efficiently act within global product developing organisations. This includes specific technical knowledge related to product development, managerial skills to plan and control the process, and practical attainments in using advanced methods and tools for collaborative product development. Although, it is a new programme the design of the curriculum has been affected by former courses in Product Development related topics. The master’s programme will include five parts: (1) core courses in Product Development; (2) a Cross-functional Product Development Project; (3) Specialization tracks; (4) Elective courses; and (5) a Master’s Thesis Project. The core courses in product development will give a foundation in Product Development aspects, including Integrated Product Development, Computer Aided Design, Product Planning and Market Analysis, and Product Life Cycle Management. To facilitate the design of these programmes, Chalmers developed guidelines for the design of programme descriptions. This paper, summarises the experiences of designing this programme using this guideline and the CDIO principles and syllabus. In addition, the paper will discuss challenges when designing a curriculum in a programme description and making sure that the overall learning objectives for the programme are met through individual courses and examination forms.
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| 6. |
- Berglund, Fredrik, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Implementing and Standardising Systems Engineering Practices within a Global Corporation
- 2009
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Ingår i: 19th Annual INCOSE International Symposium, 20 - 23 July, Singapore.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developing new products is in many respects the process of identifying and envisaging user needs and bringing those needs into life in a cost-efficient manner, either utilizing existing technologies and solutions, or developing new ones. Product developing organisations are constantly challenged since new products must exceed expectations on quality standards in form, fit, and function – and that they must stand out from competition. This requires people with knowledge in many areas. Consequently, it is a multi-disciplinary process involving many parallel activities, such as product planning, design, production, marketing and after-sale.Systems Engineering (SE) has become increasingly important in these organizations in order to manage the shear complexity of managing large scale development projects and secure the quality standards for all emergent properties of a system. The main driver for introducing SE is that the complexity and interconnectedness of systems continues to grow and the growing shift of focus to the complete offer rather than the product itself. However, there exist little research summarizing experiences of implementing SE, and there remain uncertainties as to how SE should be tailored to specific settings in order to add value to a development organization. Especially, focus needs to be put on managing the complexity of creating product variety.This paper summarises our experiences from implementing and standardising Systems Engineering practices within a global corporation in the transport solution industry. This includes a review of reports on SE implementations, a short description of the Volvo Group, and a summary of our experiences when implementing SE at various units and organisational levels.
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| 7. |
- Berglund, Fredrik, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Multidisciplinary Project-based Product Development Learning in Collaboration with Industry
- 2007
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Ingår i: The 3rd International CDIO Conference, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, June 11-14.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developing products is a multi-disciplinary process of identifying and envisaging user needs and realizing a product offer that meets these needs. This has to be done in a cost-efficient manner, while ensuring that the developed products exceed customer expectations concerning functionality and quality, and that they stand out from competition. Running project-based education in collaboration with industry allows students to gain experiences in addressing “real” problems and skills in applying industrial working practices in an industrial context. Consequently, product development organizations deliver not just the technical design of the product but a complete product offer. This involves activities such as market analysis, product planning, industrial design and development of after-market services.Some ten years ago, Chalmers University of Technology changed its Product Development project course, which addresses these needs, in order to increase the industrial collaboration and to facilitate a more multidisciplinary project composition. The course is now open for 4th year students from many disciplines including Mechanical Engineering, Automation Engineering, Industrial Management and Industrial Design. Thus, the student teams are multidisciplinary, which enables them to take on a multi-faceted, industry-sponsored product development task. The task requires that all the phases in a product development process are carried out. The students get the opportunity to appreciate that skills possessed by other disciplines are necessary to solve a complex problem, as well as the challenges involved including differences with respect to goals, culture, and disciplinary terminology.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Berglund, Fredrik, 1974
(författare)
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Towards a Theory of Requirements Negotiation
- 2005
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Ingår i: 3rd Annual Conference on Systems Engineering Research.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent research on the management of requirements in industrial practice has shifted its focus of attention from the traditional perspective taken in systems engineering and engineering design literature that ?requirements comes first?, towards a perspective more including a ?dialogue between the requirement, its solution, and the customer/contractor?. This dialogue, in this paper regarded as requirements negotiation, is a natural way to understand and solve a design problem.This paper gives a background on this shift of focus using existing change-process theories and summarises requirements negotiation activities. Looking at related research areas, such as network theory and research on human judgement and decision-making different areas of attentions for future research are outlined.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Bonagas, Nadilly, et al.
(författare)
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Pharmacological targeting of MTHFD2 suppresses acute myeloid leukemia by inducing thymidine depletion and replication stress
- 2022
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Ingår i: NATURE CANCER. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2662-1347. ; 3:2, s. 156-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The folate metabolism enzyme MTHFD2 (methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase) is consistently overexpressed in cancer but its roles are not fully characterized, and current candidate inhibitors have limited potency for clinical development. In the present study, we demonstrate a role for MTHFD2 in DNA replication and genomic stability in cancer cells, and perform a drug screen to identify potent and selective nanomolar MTHFD2 inhibitors; protein cocrystal structures demonstrated binding to the active site of MTHFD2 and target engagement. MTHFD2 inhibitors reduced replication fork speed and induced replication stress followed by S-phase arrest and apoptosis of acute myeloid leukemia cells in vitro and in vivo, with a therapeutic window spanning four orders of magnitude compared with nontumorigenic cells. Mechanistically, MTHFD2 inhibitors prevented thymidine production leading to misincorporation of uracil into DNA and replication stress. Overall, these results demonstrate a functional link between MTHFD2-dependent cancer metabolism and replication stress that can be exploited therapeutically with this new class of inhibitors. Helleday and colleagues describe a nanomolar MTHFD2 inhibitor that causes replication stress and DNA damage accumulation in cancer cells via thymidine depletion, demonstrating a potential therapeutic strategy in AML tumors in vivo.
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| 12. |
- Högman, Ulf, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Technology Management Challenges for a Sub-supplier in the Aerospace Industry
- 2007
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Ingår i: 16th International Conference on Management of Technology (IAMOT'07), Miami Beach, Florida, USA, May 13-17.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Customers of the aerospace company studied act primarily as system integrators today. This means that the company studied is expected to take full responsibility for a component or sub-system, including developing new innovative technologies within their specializations. For a supplier, the global trends and general expectations of the industry may be reasonably clear, but how this should be translated to technology development is not necessarily a clear-cut process. This includes anticipating market trends, how the customers of the company are positioning themselves in relation to global trends and regulations, the overarching system architecture that could be chosen by an aircraft supplier, and various forms of possible collaboration driven by market forces and political arrangements. The difficulties for a company acting as a sub-supplier under these uncertain circumstances, to propose a logical and solid technology strategy are obviously not easily managed. This paper reports a case study on how selected aspects of technology management interact and how they shape the development and decision making processes within a particular company acting as component supplier in the aerospace sector.To explore the management of technology, focus group interviews were used. A total of seven groups were interviewed for approximately two hours each. For the composition of these groups, a purposeful homogeneous sampling strategy was chosen to find the people with the greatest insight on this topic and to focus on the variation in perspectives of internal organizations. The interviews were recorded and transcribed, informal methods for data reduction were used to condense the material, and the results and conclusions were presented to the participants and other interested parties at the company to improve clarity and eliminate error.The study explores a process of technology maturation and implementation. Experience gained from aspects such as identification, selection, planning, execution and introduction of new technology was discussed. The overall vision of the general management is translated into requirements and goals for new technology. This process is highly cross functional, with different organizational groups contributing in various ways to develop the technology. Functional aspects of technology development are an intricate part of the study; differing views on the advantages and disadvantages of current work practices are outlined.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Lindquist Wahl, Andreas, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Supplier integration and communication strategies in collaborative platform development
- 2008
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Ingår i: Concurrent Engineering Research and Applications. - 1063-293X .- 1531-2003. ; 16:1, s. 23-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Following the introduction of platform-based products, especially considering that platforms are used for multiple brands, there is certainly a growing need for system engineering processes and techniques. This is further emphasized by the fact that companies faced with collaborative platform development frequently need to harmonise often opposing claims from stakeholders with different backgrounds, beliefs, desires and intentions. A core strategy for using resources (e.g. work-hours, knowledge, and production systems) better and more flexibly is to involve suppliers earlier in the development cycle. From this perspective, well-designed and efficiently managed supplier integration is a huge competitive advantage. Supplier integration may range from component design and manufacture to full responsibility for the design of complex distributed systems.The starting point for this work is the results from a previous study, made by the authors, in which a Swedish automotive company and one of its sub-suppliers were examined in order to identify communication barriers. This revealed several problems regarding supplier interaction and information management in projects where both suppliers and product owners contribute their unique knowledge. Following the previous study, the questions to answer include: How can platforms be represented to suit suppliers as well as OEMs? How does one guarantee efficient, accurate and secure information exchange between the parties involved? Consequently, this paper pinpoints some of the problems that companies involved with collaborative product platform development, together with their suppliers, must face today.To answer these questions, interviews, and document studies were conducted for a Swedish truck manufacturer. The results are oriented to the interfaces between product owners and their suppliers.
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| 15. |
- Pettersson, Pär, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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A statistical operating cycle description for prediction of road vehicles’ energy consumption
- 2019
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Part D. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 1361-9209 .- 1879-2340. ; 73, s. 205-229
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We propose a novel statistical description of the physical properties of road transport operations by using stochastic models arranged in a hierarchical structure. The description includes speed signs, stops, speed bumps, curvature, topography, road roughness and ground type, with a road type introduced at the top of the hierarchy to group characteristics that are often connected. Methods are described how to generate data on a form (the operating cycle format) that can be used in dynamic simulations to estimate energy usage and CO2 emissions. To showcase the behaviour of the description, two examples are presented using a modular vehicle model for a heavy-duty truck: a sensitivity study on impacts from changes in the environment, and a comparison study on a real goods transport operation with respect to energy usage. It is found that the stop intensity and topography amplitude have the greatest impact in the sensitivity study (8.3% and 9.5% respectively), and the comparison study implies that the statistical description is capable of capturing properties of the road that are significant for vehicular energy usage. Moreover, it is discussed how the statistical description can be used in a vehicle design process, and how the mean CO2 emissions and its variation can be estimated for a vehicle specification.
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| 16. |
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Proceedings of the 1st Nordic Conference on Product Lifecycle Management
- 2006
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- The leading technology firms of today aim to use complete virtual models for developing products, systems and buildings. Effective utilization of tools, methods and processes for product lifecycle management (PLM), i.e. for the creation, use and management of product definition information is fundamental for meeting this goal. The range of tools included in the PLM concept include tools for requirements definition, geometric modelling, computer aided engineering, modelling & simulation, manufacturing process planning, engineering knowledge management, product data management (PDM) systems and others. When developing a virtual product (or system or building) many aspects have to be considered in a new way. e.g. how to define and structure the product and its associated digital models, how to identify the activities which should be supported, how to document the product models in order to facilitate maintenance, which knowledge representation techniques to choose, and how to manage product information in databases. However, the area is not only about IT solutions and tools, the proper understanding of the business potential and organisational impact of PLM are fundamentally important for the acceptance and implementation of the tools. In addition, the area is also rich with challenges emanating from industry trends such as mass customization, development outsourcing and increased use of software and electronics in mechanical products. There is thus a great need for research and development in the area, aiming at improved understanding of the business, organizational and technical aspects of PLM, and implementation of the results.In order to support these activities, the Wingquist Laboratory at Chalmers University of Technology, IVF and SigPM hereby invites to NordPLM06 - the 1st Nordic Conference on Product Lifecycle Management. The aim is to create a Nordic forum for presenting and exchanging new research results and experiences from industrial applications of PLM. The intention is that the conference will be the first in a bi-annual conference series.The conference papers comprise research within a wide range of industries, such as manufacturing, automotive, construction, and defence. Topics include:Processes and working practices for creating and managing product lifecycle models.Product lifecycle models, e.g., for requirements, variants, product structure, design, production or property modelling.Methods and tools for visualization and geometry simulation of assembly structures, digital mock-ups and buildings.Methods and tools for product platform development, e.g., modularization, configuration management and product platform design languages.Methods, models and tools for knowledge management in engineering.Organizational and business aspects of product lifecycle management.
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