| 1. |
- Bärring, Maja, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Factory Radio Design of a 5G Network in Offline Mode
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Access. - 2169-3536 .- 2169-3536. ; 9, s. 23095-23109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The manufacturing industry is connecting people and equipment with new digital technologies, enabling a more continuous stream of data to represent processes. With more things connected, the interest in a connectivity solution that can support communication with high reliability and availability will increase. The fifth generation of telecommunication, i.e., 5G has promising features to deliver this, but the factory environment introduces new challenges to ensure reliable radio coverage. This will require efficient ways to plan the Factory Radio Design prior to installation. 3D laser scanning is used at an ever-increasing rate for capturing the spatial geometry in a virtual representation to perform layout planning of factories. This paper presents how to combine 3D laser scanning and physical optics (PO) for planning the Factory Radio Design of a cellular Long-Term Evolution (LTE) network (5G) in a virtual environment. 3D laser scanning is applied to obtain the spatial data of the factory and the virtual representation serves as the environment where PO computation techniques can be performed. The simulation result is validated in this paper by comparison to measurements of the installed network and empirical propagation models. The results of the study show promising opportunities to simulate the radio coverage in a virtual representation of a factory environment.
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| 2. |
- Gong, Liang, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Development of virtual reality support to factory layout planning
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1955-2505 .- 1955-2513. ; 13:3, s. 935-945
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Virtual reality (VR) technology has become ever mature today with affordable and yet powerful hardware. In the manufacturing industry, there is a growing interest of adopting VR to improve existing work procedures. Factory layout planning (FLP) is a long standing area in production engineering that sees great potentials of VR integration. Virtual reality supported layout planning (VLP) is gaining wider attention in research and practice as the virtual environment allows designers to test out “what if” scenarios in relative ease. However, previous research of VLP mostly focus on general layout planning but not the detailed level planning. Also, it is reported that the virtual modeling process is time-consuming and costly. In this study, we propose a point cloud based virtual factory modelling approach for the VLP tasks. It incorporates point cloud representation of physical environment with CAD data to model the virtual factory with the aims of simplifying the modelling process and improving decision-making for the VLP tasks. The proposed approach is exemplified and refined through three industrial cases. The implementations and results of the cases are highlighted and discussed in details. At the end, a general guidance for VLP is extracted and presented for future point cloud based VR support in FLP tasks.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Jon, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Environmental Impact Assessment for Manufacturing: Data Requirements for a Simulation-Based Approach
- 2012
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Ingår i: Swedish Production Symposium. - 9789175197524 ; , s. 151-160
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The environmental footprint of products is an increasingly important measure for companies working to improve their sustainability performance, and the same measure has also become popular for marketing purposes. As a result, the demand for environmental product declarations and, thus, life cycle assessment (LCA) projects grows. To reap the full benefit from LCA studies in production systems analysis, LCA has more frequently been complemented with simulation of production flows (i.e. discrete event simulation) during the latest decade. Several examples of the DES-LCA combination in recent literature report substantial potential and successful implementations. However, a common problem is to establish efficient and credible procedures for collecting, analyzing, and representing the extensive amounts of input data required. The aim of this paper is therefore to provide recommendations for the management of environmental data in sustainability simulations. A review of seven previous DES-LCA projects provides a list of common sustainability parameters and experiences on how they should be collected and represented in simulation models. An important result is that deterministic representations appear to be enough for data not directly linked to production time. This finding makes it possible to replace time-consuming data gathering with collection of secondary data from public databases.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Jon, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Framework for Ecolabeling using Discrete Event Simulation
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2012 spring simulation multiconference.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ecolabled products have shown a competitive advantage to other products. Regulatory changes and market pressure creates an increased need for environmental impact assessments. The dominating method for environmental impact assessments - life cycle assessment (LCA) lacks support to properly analyze the dynamic aspects of business operations and production processes. This Paper proposes to use discrete event simulation to support more extensive and detailed environmental assessments on selected parts of the production process, keeping simplicity for parts of less importance and interest.
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| 5. |
- Andreasson, Hannes, et al.
(författare)
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Utilizing discrete event simulation to support conceptual development of production systems
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference. - 0891-7736. ; 2019, s. 2073-2084
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Discrete Event Simulation (DES) is a well-reputed tool for analyzing production systems. However, the development of new production system concepts introduces challenges from uncertainties, frequent concept changes, and limited input data. This paper investigates how DES should be applied in this context and proposes an adapted simulation project methodology that sets out to deal with the identified challenges. Key adaptations include parallel and iterative methodology steps, and close involvement of the simulation team in the development of the new concept. The proposed methodology has been applied and evaluated in an industrial case study during the development of a new production system concept. The findings show that the methodology can reduce the impact of the identified challenges and provide valuable feedback which contributes to the development of both the simulation model and the production system concept. Further, an evaluation of investments in new technology can be better facilitated.
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| 6. |
- Aromaa, Susanna, et al.
(författare)
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Digital Tools to Support Knowledge Sharing and Cooperation in High-Investment Product-Services
- 2017
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Ingår i: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2194-5365 .- 2194-5357. ; 606:Advances in Ergonomics of Manufacturing: Managing the Enterprise of the Future, s. 235-246
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The manufacturing industry needs to adapt their product-services to meet customer requirements in today’s rapidly changing markets. This paper presents how technologies can support knowledge sharing and collaboration during product-service processes. This work was part of the European Union Use-it-Wisely project and summaries demonstration results from the project. Six cluster cases from different industry sectors (energy, machinery, space, office workplace, vehicles, and shipbuilding) were developing their tools and processes during the project. Based on the demonstration evaluations, it seems that the Use-it-Wisely project has enabled companies to improve their product-services by using interactive collaborative environments and new business models. Participants that took part in the demonstrations felt that the new approach makes users’ work easier, provides competitive advantage, facilitates knowledge sharing and decision making, extends the efficient lifecycle of existing machinery and supports sustainable development.
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| 7. |
- Becher, Marina, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Decreased cryogenic disturbance : one of the potential mechanisms behind the vegetation change in the Arctic
- 2018
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Ingår i: Polar Biology. - : Springer. - 0722-4060 .- 1432-2056. ; 41:1, s. 101-110
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- During the last few decades, the Arctic has experienced large-scale vegetation changes. Understanding the mechanisms behind this vegetation change is crucial for our ability to predict future changes. This study tested the hypothesis that decreased cryogenic disturbances cause vegetation change in patterned ground study fields (non-sorted circles) in Abisko, Sweden during the last few decades. The hypothesis was tested by surveying the composition of plant communities across a gradient in cryogenic disturbance and by reinvestigating plant communities previously surveyed in the 1980s to scrutinise how these communities changed in response to reduced cryogenic disturbance. Whereas the historical changes in species occurrence associated with decreased cryogenic disturbances were relatively consistent with the changes along the contemporary gradient of cryogenic disturbances, the species abundance revealed important transient changes highly dependent on the initial plant community composition. Our results suggest that altered cryogenic disturbances cause temporal changes in vegetation dynamics, but the net effects on vegetation communities depend on the composition of initial plant species.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Berglund, Jonatan, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Energy Efficiency Analysis for a Casting Production System
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2011 Winter Simulation Conference. - 9781457721090 ; 2011, s. 1060-1071
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A growing number of manufacturing industries are initiating efforts to address sustainability issues. A study by the National Association of Manufacturers indicated that the manufacturing sector currently accounts for over a third of all energy consumed in the United States. There are many areas and opportunities to reduce energy costs and pollution emissions within a manufacturing facility. One way to achieve an energy efficient manufacturing system is to measure and evaluate the combined impact of process energy from manufacturing operations, their resources (e.g., plant floor equipment), and facility energy from building services (e.g., ventilation, lighting). In this paper, issues associated with integrating production system, process energy, and facility energy to improve manufacturing sustainability are explored. A modeling and simulation case study of analyzing energy consumption in a precision casting operation is discussed.
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| 10. |
- Berglund, Jonatan, 1983
(författare)
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Integration of 3D Laser Scanning Into Traditional DES Project Methodology
- 2013
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Ingår i: Winter Simulation Conference 2013.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Today’s product development cycles demand manufacturing system development to meet ever changing product requirements and shifting production volumes. To assess and plan production capacities, companies rely on decision support from simulation and modeling. The simulation models are used to test and verify scenarios in a non-disrupting environment. To efficiently model a manufacturing system physical familiarity with the real system is often necessary. Likewise, to communicate the results of a simulation model, its visual resemblance to the studied system provides input for decision makers. 3D laser scanning offers photorealistic 3D capture of spatial measurements and has successfully been used in manufacturing environments. This research proposes the integration of 3D laser scanning into a traditional simulation project methodology in order to aid decision-making. Some promising stages for integration have been identified based on a technology demonstrator in the aerospace industry.
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| 11. |
- Berglund, Jonatan, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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On the tradeoff between data density and data capture duration in 3D laser scanning for production system engineering
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271. ; 41, s. 697-701
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- 3D laser scanning is a technology for capture of spatial data in three dimensions. The technology originates from the field of surveying and has since been spread to several other application areas. In the realm of production system engineering, 3D laser scanning is primarily used to verify equipment installation. Lately applications for the 3D scan data are emerging also when it comes to the planning of the installations and the use of the equipment. The motivation for using 3D scan data in the case of planning is primarily to have up-to-date and verified spatial data, including any undocumenter alterations from drawings and models. The process of capturing 3D scan data requires access to an unmovingproduction system which can be costly, either due to stopping produciton or by accessing it during nights or weekends. The more detailed the data collection is, the more time is required. Therefore there is a need to accurately define and plan the minimum data density requirement. This paper evaluates the effect of data density, and thus data collection duration, in a production system application. Data capture duration is shown to impact the usability of the resulting data. To further understand the trade-off and be able to use it as decision support there needs to be an analysis of the additional time and data storage costs created by increasing the number of scan locations.
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| 12. |
- Berglund, Jonatan, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Production system geometry assurance using 3D imaging
- 2016
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Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271. ; 44, s. 132-137
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Production systems evolve to accommodate new and redesigned products. These changes are planned offline in virtual tools, to reduce disturbances on ongoing production. Offline planning requires virtual models that correctly represent reality. Most models are "as-designed" and suffer from geometrical errors stemming from deployment alterations. Such errors are often discovered late in the next change process or during installation, making corrections expensive. Having geometry assured production systems and models eliminate one source of error during the production system change process. This paper evaluates 3D imaging and the C2M (cloud-to-mesh) algorithm for assessing the validity of virtual production system models.
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| 13. |
- Berglund, Jonatan, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Using 3D Laser Scanning to Support Discrete Event Simulation of Production Systems: Lessons Learned
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference. - 0891-7736. ; 2015-January, s. 2990-2999
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using 3D laser scanning, the spatial data of an entire production system can be captured and digitalized ina matter of hours. Such spatial data could provide a current state representation of the real systemavailable at the hand of the simulation engineer. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the use of 3Dlaser scanning in Discrete Event Simulation (DES) projects in the area of production systems. Theevaluation relies on three simulation studies performed with the support of 3D laser scanning. 3D scandata, if available, can support most steps in a DES study. Particularly, the 3D scan data acts as a referencemodel when formulating the conceptual model and collecting input data. During model building the scandata provides physical measurements for accurate positioning of simulation objects. Furthermore the scandata can be used for photorealistic visualization of the simulated environment without requiring any CADmodeling.
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| 14. |
- Berglund, Jonatan, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Virtual Reality and 3D Imaging to Support Collaborative Decision Making for Adaptation of Long-Life Assets
- 2017
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Ingår i: Dynamics of Long-Life Assets. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. ; , s. 115-132
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- European companies of today are involved in many stages of the product life cycle. There is a trend towards the view of their business as a complex industrial product-service system (IPSS). This trend shifts the business focus from a traditional product oriented one to a function oriented one. With the function in focus, the seller shares the responsibility of for example maintenance of the product with the buyer. As such IPSS has been praised for supporting sustainable practices. This shift in focus also promotes longevity of products and promotes life extending work on the products such as adaptation and upgrades. Staying competitive requires continuous improvement of manufacturing and services to make them more flexible and adaptive to external changes. The adaptation itself needs to be performed efficiently without disrupting ongoing operations and needs to result in an acceptable after state. Virtual planning models are a key technology to enable planning and design of the future operations in parallel with ongoing operations. This chapter presents an approach to combine digitalization and virtual reality (VR) technologies to create the next generation of virtual planning environments. Through incorporating digitalization techniques such as 3D imaging, the models will reach a new level of fidelity and realism which in turn makes them accessible to a broader group of users and stakeholders. Increased accessibility facilitates a collaborative decision making process that invites and includes cross functional teams. Through such involvement, a broader range of experts, their skills, operational and tacit knowledge can be leveraged towards better planning of the upgrade process. This promises to shorten
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| 15. |
- Berlin, Cecilia, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Change Agent Infrastructure (CHAI) – a Stakeholder Analysis Tool for Ergonomics- and Work Environment- Related Change Projects
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2194-5365 .- 2194-5357. ; 498:2017, s. 715-726
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is a short communication introducing a novel method forstakeholder analysis, Change Agent Infrastructure (CHAI). The method isspecifically developed in the context of ergonomics/work environment-relatedchange projects and is meant for early stages of change projects. It mapspotential stakeholders against eight distinct “roles” that have been found inprevious research to facilitate or hinder workplace change. Mapping the“decision dilemmas” that stakeholders may face, as well as identifying over- orunderrepresented roles, may benefit the change project in terms of determininginformation needs and how the project team should be staffed. The method hasbeen iteratively developed and tested in educational and research projects. Themethod is visual, participative and helps to clarify the various participants’understanding of the change at hand and what it means for them – thiscontributes positively to information strategies and decisions that facilitates theplanning and execution of a sustainable change.
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| 16. |
- Campanelli, Mark, et al.
(författare)
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Integration of Life Cycle Inventories Incorporating Manufacturing Unit Processes
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. - 9780791854792
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sustainable manufacturing (SM) concerns the manufacture of products with regard to environmental, social, and economic impacts over the entire life cycle. With a primary focus on environmental concerns, life cycle assessment (LCA) can support SM practices. The life cycle inventory (LCI) is a key phase of LCA, and this paper considers the integration of manufacturing unit processes (MUPs) into system-level LCIs, which requires consideration of process flow diagrams at different levels of abstraction. Furthermore, uncertainty quantification is an important compo- nent of LCA interpretation, and this paper proposes a method to synthesize LCIs from the process-level to the system-level that consistently quantifies uncertainty in the inventories. The method can incorporate MUP data derived from measurements and/or modeling and simulation. Further development towards a complete methodology is discussed.
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| 17. |
- Eriksson, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Virtual factory layouts from 3D laser scanning – A novel framework to define solid model requirements
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271. ; 76, s. 36-41
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a world with increasing customer demands, manufacturing companies must develop and produce products more rapidly and adapt their production systems offline, to not disturb the ongoing processes. This creates a demand of using digital production development so that development can be performed in parallel with production. Virtual factory layouts (VFLs) are essential for companies in order to plan their factory layout and evaluate production scenarios. However, requirements for a VFL depends heavily on its purpose. For example, the requirements on a model for offline programming of robots are different from those on a model used to determine buffer locations. There is currently a lack of clear guidelines for how developed a VFL should be to fulfil said requirements, which contributes to unnecessary modelling time and variation in delivery quality. This paper aims to put the actual demands and requirements of a VFL in focus. By adapting a Level of Development-framework for establishment of Building Information Models (BIMs) and connecting it to the purpose of VFLs, development of a framework for detail and functionality level of VFLs is enabled. Such a purpose-oriented framework will help to define delivery packages suited for different circumstances, which will provide the modeler with knowledge of how much detail and functionality a specific model should contain. The increased clarity provided by the developed framework results in a clearer connection between expected result and actual output from a custom VFL project. Also, by connecting model properties or development to the model-purpose, the framework brings clarity and structure to a currently vague field. This provides means for a more efficient and accurate use of VFLs, which will support the rapid development of production facilities.
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| 18. |
- Faure, Lucile, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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3D Movie Creation from Discrete Event Simulation Software Models of Manufacturing Industries
- 2012
-
Ingår i: International Conference of Modeling, Optimization and Simulation.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Movies made from simulation tools can be used to present results of simulation models to people who have no knowledge about simulation or how to validate and optimize models. This is why it is important to present models that reproduce reality as accurately as possible. One important mean to achieve this is to capture the 3D depth which humans become aware of due to our set of two eyes. Actual simulation models include 3D-objects but are normally viewed in 2D on regular computer screens. There is a gap in terms of perceiving reality here. Nowadays the movie industry use stereoscopy to fill this gap. However industrial companies are not as far in this technological use yet. This paper presents a method to include stereoscopy when watching simulation models created with different programs. The method involves accessing the code which describes camera point of view in the simulation software and record two movies of the same scenario with slightly different camera positions and angles. Afterwards the two recordings can be integrated to create a stereoscopic movie.
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| 19. |
- Gong, Liang, 1985, et al.
(författare)
-
A Novel VR Tool for Collaborative Planning of Manufacturing Process Change using Point Cloud Data
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271. ; 63, s. 336-341
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today, manufacturing industry is facing increasing demands of customized products and global competition. Companies need constant and efficient changes in manufacturing process to meet the challenges and to stay competitive. However, a successful manufacturing process change is not easy to accomplish due to the fact that any change in the manufacturing system will affect various actors involved. Previous research has shown that active engagement of all involved actors in the planning phase improves the quality and success rate of the manufacturing process change outcome. The conventional supporting tools used mostly in this process such as documentation tools for text, numbers and static pictures typically requires an experienced user to be fully understood. Thus, some of the involved actors are not able to participate in the manufacturing process change (MPC) on equal terms.Over the last decade, the advancement of virtual technologies has shown the potential to improve the quality and efficiency of the planning of MPCs. Specifically, 3D laser scanning technologies can produce realistic virtual representation of factory environment with rapid point cloud data capturing. Immersive experience with rich context in combination with e.g. the virtual reality head-mounted display (VR HMD) could be provided, which is beneficial in the assessment and usable for several actors.This paper presents a novel supporting tool for the MPC design and planning, which incorporates point cloud data of real-world truck factories visualized using VR HMD technologies. It provides a collaborative and immersive environment for all involved actors to actively contribute in the MPC process. Tests and interviews have been conducted with various actors from industry for evaluation and validation of the proposed tool and its findings. The test data were analyzed and discussed with regard to the benefits and problems found as well as potential for future research studies and development.
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| 20. |
- Gong, Liang, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Improving manufacturing process change by 3D visualization support: A pilot study on truck production
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271. ; 57, s. 298-302
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the global market, customer demands changes rapidly. Manufacturing companies need to meet the demands to keep competitive. Therefore, manufacturing processes constantly need to be changed. The process change is challenging because it involves different actors across the company, especially for international companies that have globally distributed operations.Manufacturing process change is carried out by production engineers and needs to consider the needs and requirement of all actors in the manufacturing system. To this end, guidelines for manufacturing system design and cross-functional team meetings for concept design assessmentare utilized. While the meeting takes place, such meetings require resources to be available in parallel and advanced planning to come to fruition. Thus making the concept design iteration loop considerably longer if inputs are to be collected frequently.This paper presents an approach that utilizes a collaborative tool developed in Unity. It integrates 3D scanned factory data with proposed process changes to provide sufficient context to every stakeholders involved. Thus, to facilitate better understanding and communication of the ongoing changes. It will improve every process change on its design, implementation, and future maintenance. The challenges of implementation and evaluation of the collaborative tool are discussed.
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| 21. |
- Johansson, Björn, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation and Calculation of Dynamics in Environmental Impact Assessment
- 2013
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Ingår i: IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 1868-4238 .- 1868-422X. - 9783642403514 ; 397:1, s. 135-141
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In ten years customers will select products not only based on price and quality but also with strong regard to the product value environmental footprint, including for example the energy consumed. Customers expect transparency in the product realization process, where most products are labeled with their environmental footprint. Vigorous companies see this new product value as an opportunity to be more competitive. In order to effectively label the envi-ronmental impact of a product, it is pertinent for companies to request the envi-ronmental footprint of each component from their suppliers. Hence, companies along the product lifecycle require a tool, not only to facilitate the computing of the environmental footprint, but also help reduce/balance the environmental impact during the lifecycle of the product. This paper proposes to develop a procedure that companies will use to evaluate, improve and externally advertise their product’s environmental footprint to customers.
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| 22. |
- Li, Jason, 1993, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of Photogrammetry for Use in Industrial Production Systems
- 2018
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Ingår i: IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering. - 2161-8070 .- 2161-8089. ; 2018-August, s. 414-420
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A digital twin of a production system consists of geometric, kinematic and logical models of the physical system. One of the key challenges is to keep the digital twin up-to-date with changes of the real one. Today, laser scanning is the de-facto standard used to keep the geometry of the digital model synchronized. In recent years, advancements in the performance of Graphic Processing Units (GPUs) and the availability of cheap high-resolution digital cameras have made photogrammetry a viable alternative to laser scanning for building digital 3D-models. In this study, we investigate how photogrammetry competes against laser-scanning by comparing their results in form of point-clouds.
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| 23. |
- Lindskog, Erik, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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A Method for Determining the Environmental Footprint of Industrial Products Using Simulation
- 2011
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Ingår i: Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference. - 0891-7736. - 9781457721083 ; , s. 2131-2142
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Effective assessment and communication of the environmental footprint is increasingly important to process development and marketing purposes. Traditionally, static methods have been applied to analyze the environmental impact during a product’s life cycle; however, they are unable to incorporate dynamic aspects of real world operations. This paper discusses a method using Discrete Event Simulation (DES) to analyze production systems and simultaneously enable labeling of products’ environmental footprint. The method steps include data management, determination of environmental footprint, and communication of the results. The method is developed during a case study of a job-shop-production facility. To evaluate theDES method, the DES results were compared with the results of a Simplified Life Cycle Assessment (SLCA) conducted on the same production system. The case study demonstrates the possibility for the DES method to determine the variation between products in terms of the environmental footprint andhighlights some of the difficulties involved.
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| 24. |
- Lindskog, Erik, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Combining Point Cloud Technologies with Discrete Event Simulation
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference. - 0891-7736.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Utilizing point cloud models from 3D laser scans for visualization of manufacturing facilities and systemsprovides highly realistic representations. Recent developments has improved the accuracy of point cloudmodels in terms of color and positioning. This technology has the potential to generate savings in timeand money compared to traditional methods. Visualization in terms of accurate geometrical factory datahas traditionally not been feasible when developing discrete event simulation (DES) models. Currently,methods for utilizing point clouds in DES models are lacking. Better visualization could improve communicationof results and make them available to a wider target audience. Creating methods to combinepoint cloud technologies with DES would enable realistic visualization and improved accuracy includinglevel of detail regarding geometric representation in DES models.
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| 25. |
- Lindskog, Erik, 1988, et al.
(författare)
-
Improving lean design of production systems by visualization support
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271. ; 41, s. 602-607
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The design process of production systems is complex with many different aspects to consider for efficiently developing and installing an effective system. Important success factors during the design process are typically the abilities to identify and manage risks, develop mitigation plans, and conduct timely proactive problem solving. The work reported in this paper is part of research addressing methods for how the design process can be supported by using virtual representations of the factory environments captured with 3D laser scanning. This support is evaluated in an industrial study of one industrialization project in the manufacturing industry. The industrialization project follows the process to design layout, work places, and plan for installation of new equipment to create a production system within a refurbished shop floor area. The area will include CNC machining centers, welding stations, product inspection, product cleaning, and material handling. 3D laser scanning is used to provide an accurate and realistic virtual representation of the current shop floor area. This virtual representation is combined with 3D CAD models of the new machining centers and other equipment to provide a realistic visualization of the planned production system. The research approach and its questions investigate the benefits of combining the lean principles to design and development of production systems using a realistic visualization, which include systematic risk analysis and problem solving as important activities. The result shows that visualization support gave a great advantage to identify the possible risks and problems, which resulted in higher confidence and substantial timesaving in planning and execution of the industrialization project.
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| 26. |
- Lindskog, Erik, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Layout Planning and Geometry Analysis Using 3D Laser Scanning in Production System Redesign
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271. ; 44, s. 126-131
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Production system layouts are traditionally redesigned and modelled using CAD tools. Frequent system changes, i.e. equipment is replaced or moved to new locations, necessitate time-consuming measurement and modelling work to keep the models valid and up-to-date. 3D imaging has been proposed as a means for rapid and accurate spatial modelling by digitalising real world objects. This paper analyses the method and result from five industrial studies where 3D imaging, specifically 3D laser scanning, were used to support layout planning and geometry analysis of production systems. The results show promise to reduce time, risks, and cost when redesigning production systems.
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| 27. |
- Lindskog, Erik, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Lean Based Problem Solving using 3D Laser Scanned Visualizations of Production Systems
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Engineering Science and Innovative Technology. - 2319-5967. ; 3:3, s. 556-565
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 3D laser scanning technology holds the capability to provide accurate and realistic visualizations of production systems. These visualizations can be used as decision-support in project teams when planning the redesign of production systems. To make such decision-support effective, a structured approach for how to use the realistic visualizations in team environments is required. The purpose of this paper is to propose a structured approach of how realistic visualizations can be used to solve problems that are identified while planning the redesign of a production system. The proposed approach derives from a theoretical framework on problem solving and three industrial studies applying realistic visualizations. The result is a description of how realistic visualizations can be used in the five steps of the problem solving approach LAMDA used in Lean product development. Such approach has the potential to support project teams in making the required decision by systematic solve problems pro-actively while planning the redesign of production systems.
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| 28. |
- Lindskog, Erik, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Lessons Learned from 3D Laser Scanning of Production Systems
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of The 6th International Swedish Production Symposium 2014. - 9789198097412
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- 3D laser scanning is a technology that can be used for creating accurate and realistic virtual representations of production systems. The purpose with this paper is to present lessons learned from how to carrying out the 3D laser scanning. These lessons learned derive from a review of six industrial studies that applied 3D laser scanning to solve different production related problems. The review shows that good planning and preparation is key factors for high quality and accuracy of the resulting scan data.
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| 29. |
- Lindskog, Erik, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Visualization Support for Virtual Redesign of Manufacturing Systems
- 2013
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Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271. ; 7, s. 419-424
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rapidly changing products and market demand call for manufacturing systems to be continuously adapted and developed. The process of modifying manufacturing systems requires large amounts of planning involving contributions from personnel across an organization. These people need a shared understanding of the future system, including but not limited to its design, functions, and expected performance. One common representation in the virtual manufacturing system domain are 2D CAD layouts. Typical problems with such traditional 2D models are that only experts understand the content fully. For increased understanding, 3D CAD models could bridge the gap between different areas of expertise. However, creating 3D models representing the complete system is traditionally time-consuming, resulting in oversimplified models or limited to parts of the system. Furthermore, such models normally contain uncertainty about building-related geometries that could incur costly mistakes if used as basis for decisions, e.g. realizing during installation of a machine that roof-beams interfere with the planned placement. This paper evaluates what type of problems can be solved with better visualization support, e.g. issues concerning workshop-layout, production flow, workplace design, etc. The evaluation is based on two case studies at different manufacturing sites during ongoing system redesign processes. The case studies implemented visualization using a combination of CAD models and 3D laser scanned as-built data of the current system and facility. The vision is to implement the Lean concept of “Go to Gemba” for a future state in a virtual environment. Bringing this concept into the early phases of manufacturing system redesign has the potential to facilitate the creation of a shared understanding of the future system within cross-functional project teams.
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| 30. |
- Michaloski, John, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis of Manufacturing and Facility Data for Sustainability Analysis
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2012 ASME International Conference on Manufacturing Science and Engineering. ; , s. 11 pp.-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper discusses data synthesis of production and facility knowledge for sustainability analysis by applying the ISA 95 "Activity Models of Manufacturing Operations Management" (MOM) model. Presently, production and facility management are "silo" operations, which basically function independently of each other. This paper presents the addition of facility activities to the MOM model, in accordance with the needs for attaining a holistic view of sustainability analysis. Historically, production and facility data are represented in various forms, e.g., data bases, CAD, and spreadsheets, without a common unifying representation. This paper addresses the issue by introduced Core Manufacturing Simulation Data (CMSD) Standard. A case study of the data synthesis for a precision sand casting production facility is provided.
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| 31. |
- Michaloski, John, et al.
(författare)
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Toward the ideal of automating production optimization
- 2013
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Ingår i: ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Proceedings (IMECE). - 9780791856185 ; 2 A
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The advent of improved factory data collection offers a prime opportunity to continuously study and optimize factory operations. Although manufacturing optimization tools can be considered mainstream technology, most U.S. manufacturers do not take full advantage of such technology because of the time-intensive procedures required to manually develop models, deal with factory data acquisition problems, and resolve the incompatibility of factory and optimization data representations. Therefore, automated data acquisition, automated generation of production models, and the automated integration of data into the production models are required for any optimization analysis to be timely and cost effective. In this paper, we develop a system methodology and software framework for the optimization of production systems in a more efficient manner towards the goal of fully automated optimization. The case study of an automotive casting operation shows that a highly integrated approach enables the modeling and simulation of the complex casting operation in a responsive, cost-effective and exacting nature. Technology gaps and interim strategies will be discussed. Copyright © 2013 by ASME.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Mårdberg, Peter, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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A novel tool for optimization and verification of layout and human logistics in digital factories
- 2018
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Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271. ; 72, s. 545-550
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We introduce a novel digital factory layout tool that optimizes both the layout of machines and the corresponding ergonomic logistics considering space constraints. A model is constructed by tangible properties on machines and environment, regions on the floor and by ranking their mutual relations. An optimized layout is then computed based on the model, the relations and an ergonomic score for the human work tasks, which are automatically computed by digital manikins. The result is an optimized layout, visualized in 3D, with improved logistic routes. The layout tool has been implemented and successfully tested on a relevant industrial case.
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| 34. |
- Nåfors, Daniel, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Application of a hybrid digital twin concept for factory layout planning
- 2020
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Ingår i: Smart and Sustainable Manufacturing Systems. - 2520-6478 .- 2572-3928. ; 4:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As the modern society is in the middle of its fourth industrial revolution, many enabling technologies are now viable to use in an engineering context. Several of these technologies are mature and available off the shelf; however, in the industrial setting they are rather novel. Two of these are virtual reality (VR), which has grown immensely in the gaming sector, and 3-D imaging, which is commonly used in archeology and construction. This study presents lessons learned from combining these two technologies in an industrial context with the digital twin concept. Three industrial case studies have been performed, and several observations have been identified in all three aspects of sustainability. For example, improved solution fidelity at an early stage can be achieved by externalizing tacit knowledge, and multiple issues during planning and installation phases have been avoided by utilizing the hybrid digital twin models. This type of digital twin enables highly detailed production system access, enabling engineering abilities from anywhere, anytime. Furthermore, the model becomes a powerful communication tool, which has reduced the resistance to workplace changes, as stakeholders lacking computer-aided design (CAD) knowledge can be involved in the change process. The highly detailed models have also allowed more focus to be put on safety and regulations, as these aspects naturally are more suited to experience in immersive VR. In conclusion, the hybrid digital twin concept developed in this study is a promising tool for decision makers and stakeholders alike, bound to benefit those who use it in all three aspects of sustainability.
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| 35. |
- Nåfors, Daniel, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Realistic virtual models for factory layout planning
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings - Winter Simulation Conference. - 0891-7736. ; , s. 3976-3987
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Factory layout planning is essential for manufacturing companies when designing or redesigning production systems. The layout planning usually involves 2D CAD applications, sometimes based on faulty data. Difficulties in communicating and discussing layout alternatives using such applications can lead to critical errors. This paper aims to investigate and evaluate the usefulness of realistic 3D layout models in the layout planning process, addressed by an industrial study of how existing methods for visualization can be applied. This paper shows that utilizing a realistic and accurate layout model allows for fruitful discussions while several potential mistakes can be avoided. It also shows benefits in evaluating a layout and the model’s accuracy in immersive virtual reality where a better perspective of the layout can be acquired. Having such evaluated layout models will enable more accurate simulation models, based on real physical requirements.
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| 36. |
- Ottesjö, Britta, et al.
(författare)
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A tool for holistic assessment of digitalization capabilities in manufacturing SMEs
- 2020
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Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 2212-8271. ; , s. 676-681
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a constantly evolving global market, manufacturing companies need to be flexible and adaptive to survive. Digital twins of production systems have been proposed as one part of the solution, however this comes with multiple challenges. Manufacturing SMEs have limited resources and need to direct their efforts in this area wisely. This paper presents a tool for holistic assessment of an SME manufacturer's level of digitalization, in order to visualize current gaps and guide digitalization efforts over a production system's life cycle. The tool was empirically developed together with Manufacturing SMEs and has strengthened their digitalization awareness and capabilities. © 2020 The Authors.
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