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- Locht, Inka L. M., et al.
(författare)
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Standard model of the rare earths analyzed from the Hubbard I approximation
- 2016
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Ingår i: PHYSICAL REVIEW B. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9950. ; 94:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work we examine critically the electronic structure of the rare-earth elements by use of the so-called Hubbard I approximation. From the theoretical side all measured features of both occupied and unoccupied states are reproduced, without significant deviations between observations and theory. We also examine cohesive properties like the equilibrium volume and bulk modulus, where we find, in general, a good agreement between theory andmeasurements. In addition, we have reproduced the spin and orbital moments of these elements as they are reflected from measurements of the saturation moment. We have also employed the Hubbard I approximation to extract the interatomic exchange parameters of an effective spin Hamiltonian for the heavy rare earths. We show that the Hubbard I approximation gives results which are consistent with calculations where 4f electrons are treated as core states for Gd. The latter approach was also used to address the series of the heavy/late rare earths. Via Monte Carlo simulations we obtained ordering temperatures which reproduce measurements within about 20%. We have further illustrated the accuracy of these exchange parameters by comparing measured and calculated magnetic configurations for the heavy rare earths and the magnon dispersion for Gd. The Hubbard I approximation is compared to other theories of the electronic structure, and we argue that it is superior. We discuss the relevance of our results in general and how this makes it possible to treat the electronic structure of materials containing rare-earth elements, such as permanent magnets, magnetostrictive compounds, photovoltaics, optical fibers, topological insulators, and molecular magnets.
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- Milosavljevic, Stephan, et al.
(författare)
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All-terrain vehicle use in agriculture : Exposure to whole body vibration and mechanical shock
- 2010
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Ingår i: Applied Ergonomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-6870 .- 1872-9126. ; 41:4, s. 530-535
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Whole body vibration (WBV) and mechanical shock were measured in 12 New Zealand farmers during their daily use of all-terrain vehicles (ATVs). As per the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) guidelines for WBV exposure, frequencies between 0 and 100Hz were recorded via a seat-pad tri-axial accelerometer during 20min of ATV use. The farmers were also surveyed to estimate seasonal variation in daily ATV usage as well as 7-day and 12-month prevalence of spinal pain. Frequency-weighted vibration exposure and total riding time were calculated to determine the daily vibration dose value (VDV). The daily VDV of 16.6m/s(1.75) was in excess of the 9.1m/s(1.75) action limit set by ISO guidelines suggesting an increased risk of low back injury from such exposure. However, the mean shock factor R, representing cumulative adverse health effects, was 0.31 indicating that these farmers were not exposed to excessive doses of mechanical shock. Extrapolation of daily VDV data to estimated seasonal variations of farmers in ATV riding time demonstrated that all participants would exceed the ISO recommended maximum permissible limits during the spring lambing season, as compared to lower exposures calculated for summer, autumn and winter. Low back pain was the most commonly reported complaint for both 7 day (50%) and 12 month prevalence (67%), followed by the neck (17% and 42%) and the upper back (17% and 25%) respectively. The results demonstrate high levels of vibration exposure within New Zealand farmers and practical recommendations are needed to reduce their exposure to WBV.
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- Thorstenson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Tumour characteristics and surgical treatment of renal cell carcinoma in Sweden 2005-2010 : a population-based study from the National Swedish Kidney Cancer Register
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of urology. - Abingdon : Taylor & Francis. - 2168-1805 .- 2168-1813. ; 48:3, s. 231-238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. Tumour characteristics, preoperative work-up and surgical treatment in patients diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) between 2005 and 2010, and changes over time were studied in a national population-based cohort. Material and methods. The National Swedish Kidney Cancer Register (NSKCR) contains information on histopathology, Fuhrman grade and clinical stage at presentation, and on the preoperative work-up and surgical treatment of patients with RCC. Between 2005 and 2010, 5553 RCC patients were registered in the NSKCR, 99% of those registered in the National Cancer Registry. Results. During the study period the mean tumour size decreased from 70 to 64 mm (p = 0.024) and the frequency of metastatic RCC decreased from 22% to 15% (p < 0.001). The use of preoperative chest computed tomography increased from 59% to 84%. In total, 4229 (76%) patients were treated with curative intent, 3453 (82%) underwent radical nephrectomy, 606 (14%) partial nephrectomy (PN) and 170 (4%) cryotherapy or radiofrequency ablation. In tumours up to 4 cm, PN was performed in 33% of the surgically treated patients. PN irrespective of size increased from 8% to 20% and laparoscopic nephrectomy increased from 6% to 17% during the period. In patients with metastatic RCC, 55% underwent cytoreductive nephrectomy. Conclusions. The NSKCR explores population-based data on the clinical handling of patients with RCC. This study, between 2005 and 2010, shows significant decrease in tumour size and metastatic RCC at presentation, a more complete preoperative work-up, and significantly increased use of PN and laparoscopic nephrectomy in Sweden.
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- Unge, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Amoxicillin added to omeprazole prevents relapse in the treatment of duodenal ulcer patients
- 1993
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Ingår i: European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepathology. - 0954-691X .- 1473-5687. ; 5:5, s. 325-332
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate two different therapies, omeprazole/amoxicillin versus omepra-zole alone, in the treatment of duodenal ulcer patients with respect to eradication of Helicobacter pylori and time in remission during a 6-month follow-up after cessation of therapy.Design: Double-blind, randomized, parallel groups.Setting: Outpatient referrals in nine Swedish centres.Patients: This study included 248 patients with active duodenal ulcer.Main outcome measures: Endoscopic and symptomatic evaluation of time in remission. Culture, histology and serology for determination of H. pylori status.Results: Eradication of H. pylori was 54 compared with 4% and the proportion of patients in remission at 6 months was 70 compared with 36% in the omeprazole/amoxicillin treated group versus the group treated with omeprazole alone. Of the patients who became H. pylori-negative, 84% were in remission throughout the study.Conclusion: H. pylori is an almost obligate prerequisite for duodenal ulcer disease. Amoxicillin added to omeprazole nearly doubled the proportion of patients in remission at 6 months follow-up. The eradication rate of H. pylori in patients with excellent compliance was 74%.
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