| 1. |
- Mohammad, Moman A., et al.
(författare)
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On the Natural History of Coronary Artery Disease : A Longitudinal Nationwide Serial Angiography Study
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of the American Heart Association. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2047-9980. ; 11:21
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The long-term course of coronary atherosclerosis has not been studied in large nationwide cohorts. Understanding the natural history of coronary atherosclerosis could help identify patients at risk for future coronary events.Methods and Results: All coronary artery segments with <50% luminal stenosis in patients with a first-time coronary angiogram between 1989 and 2017 were identified (n=2 661 245 coronary artery segments in 248 736 patients) and followed until a clinically indicated angiography within 15 years was performed or until death or end of follow-up (April 2018) using SCAAR (Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry). The stenosis progression and incidence rates were 2.6% and 1.45 (95% CI, 1.43-1.46) per 1000 segment-years, respectively. The greatest progression rate occurred in the proximal and middle segments of the left anterior descending artery. Male sex and diabetes were associated with a 2-fold increase in risk, and nearly 70% of new stenoses occurred in patients with baseline single-vessel disease (hazard ratio, 3.86 [95% CI, 3.69-4.04]). Coronary artery segments in patients with no baseline risk factors had a progression rate of 0.6% and incidence rate of 0.36 (95% CI, 0.34-0.39), increasing to 8.1% and 4.01 (95% CI, 3.89-4.14) per 1000 segment-years, respectively, in patients with ≥4 risk factors. The prognostic impact of risk factors on stenosis progression was greatest in younger patients and women.Conclusions: Coronary atherosclerosis progressed slowly but more frequently in the left coronary artery in men and in the presence of traditional risk factors. Coronary artery segments in patients without risk factors had little or no risk of stenosis progression, and the relative impact of risk factors appears to be of greater importance in younger patients and women. These findings help in the understanding the long-term course of coronary atherosclerosis.
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| 2. |
- Nilsson, Ricky, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
-
Kuiper belts around nearby stars
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 518, s. A40-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context. The existence of dusty debris disks around a large fraction of solar type main-sequence stars, inferred from excess far-IR and submillimetre emission compared to that expected from stellar photospheres, suggests that leftover planetesimal belts analogous to the asteroid-and comet reservoirs of the solar system are common. Aims. Sensitive submillimetre observations are essential to detect and characterise cold extended dust originating from collisions of small bodies in disks, belts, or rings at Kuiper-belt distances (30-50 AU or beyond). Measurements of the flux densities at these wavelengths will extend existing IR photometry and permit more detailed modelling of the Rayleigh-Jeans tail of the disks spectral energy distribution (SED), effectively constraining dust properties and disk extensions. By observing stars spanning from a few up to several hundred Myr, the evolution of debris disks during crucial phases of planet formation can be studied. Methods. We observed 22 exo-Kuiper-belt candidates at 870 mu m, as part of a large programme with the LABOCA bolometer at the APEX telescope. Dust masses (or upper limits) were calculated from integrated 870 mu m fluxes, and fits to the SED of detected sources revealed the fractional dust luminosities f(dust), dust temperatures T(dust), and power-law exponents beta of the opacity law. Results. A total of 10 detections with at least 3 sigma significance were made, out of which five (HD95086, HD131835, HD161868, HD170773, and HD207129) have previously never been detected at submillimetre wavelengths. Three additional sources are marginally detected with > 2.5 sigma significance. The best-fit beta parameters all lie between 0.1 and 0.8, in agreement with previous results indicating the presence of significantly larger grains than those in the ISM. From our relatively small sample we estimate f(dust) proportional to t(-alpha), with a similar to 0.8-2.0, and identify an evolution of the characteristic radial dust distance R(dust) that is consistent with the t(1/3) increase predicted from models of self-stirred collisions in debris disks.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Appelberg, Jonas, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Lung aeration during sleep
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Chest. - : Elsevier BV. - 0012-3692 .- 1931-3543. ; 131:1, s. 122-129
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: During sleep, ventilation and functional residual capacity (FRC) decrease slightly. This study addresses regional lung aeration during wakefulness and sleep. Methods: Ten healthy subjects underwent spirometry awake and with polysomnography, including pulse oximetry, and also CT when awake and during sleep. Lung aeration in different lung regions was analyzed. Another three subjects were studied awake to develop a protocol for dynamic CT scanning during breathing. Results: Aeration in the dorsal, dependent lung region decreased from a mean of 1.14 ± 0.34 mL (± SD) of gas per gram of lung tissue during wakefulness to 1.04 ± 0.29 mL/g during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep (- 9%) [p = 0.034]. In contrast, aeration increased in the most ventral, nondependent lung region, from 3.52 ± 0.77 to 3.73 ± 0.83 mL/g (+ 6%) [p = 0.007]. In one subject studied during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, aeration decreased from 0.84 to 0.65 mL/g (- 23%). The fall in dorsal lung aeration during sleep correlated to awake FRC (R2 = 0.60; p = 0.008). Airway closure, measured awake, occurred near and sometimes above the FRC level. Ventilation tended to be larger in dependent, dorsal lung regions, both awake and during sleep (upper region vs lower region, 3.8% vs 4.9% awake, p = 0.16, and 4.5% vs 5.5% asleep, p = 0.09, respectively). Conclusions: Aeration is reduced in dependent lung regions and increased in ventral regions during NREM and REM sleep. Ventilation was more uniformly distributed between upper and lower lung regions than has previously been reported in awake, upright subjects. Reduced respiratory muscle tone and airway closure are likely causative factors.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Athanasiadou, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and bioaccumulative hydroxylated PBDE metabolites in young humans from Managua, Nicaragua.
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Environ Health Perspect. - : Environmental Health Perspectives. - 0091-6765 .- 1552-9924. ; 116:3, s. 400-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to investigate exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in a young urban population in a developing country, with focus on potentially highly exposed children working informally as scrap scavengers at a large municipal waste disposal site. We also set out to investigate whether hydroxylated metabolites, which not hitherto have been found retained in humans, could be detected. METHODS: We assessed PBDEs in pooled serum samples obtained in 2002 from children 11-15 years of age, working and sometimes also living at the municipal waste disposal site in Managua, and in nonworking urban children. The influence of fish consumption was evaluated in the children and in groups of women 15-44 years of age who differed markedly in their fish consumption. Hydroxylated PBDEs were assessed as their methoxylated derivates. The chemical analyses were performed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, using authentic reference substances. RESULTS: The children living and working at the waste disposal site showed very high levels of medium brominated diphenyl ethers. The levels observed in the referent children were comparable to contemporary observations in the United States. The exposure pattern was consistent with dust being the dominating source. The children with the highest PBDE levels also had the highest levels of hydroxylated metabolites. CONCLUSIONS: Unexpectedly, very high levels of PBDEs were found in children from an urban area in a developing country. Also, for the first time, hydroxylated PBDE metabolites were found to bioaccumulate in human serum.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Barrett, Jennifer H., et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association study identifies three new melanoma susceptibility loci
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-1718 .- 1061-4036. ; 43:11, s. 1108-1113
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report a genome-wide association study for melanoma that was conducted by the GenoMEL Consortium. Our discovery phase included 2,981 individuals with melanoma and 1,982 study-specific control individuals of European ancestry, as well as an additional 6,426 control subjects from French or British populations, all of whom were genotyped for 317,000 or 610,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Our analysis replicated previously known melanoma susceptibility loci. Seven new regions with at least one SNP with P < 10(-5) and further local imputed or genotyped support were selected for replication using two other genome-wide studies (from Australia and Texas, USA). Additional replication came from case-control series from the UK and The Netherlands. Variants at three of the seven loci replicated at P < 10(-3): an SNP in ATM (rs1801516, overall P = 3.4 x 10(-9)), an SNP in MX2 (rs45430, P = 2.9 x 10-9) and an SNP adjacent to CASP8 (rs13016963, P = 8.6 x 10(-10)). A fourth locus near CCND1 remains of potential interest, showing suggestive but inconclusive evidence of replication (rs1485993, overall P = 4.6 x 10(-7) under a fixed-effects model and P = 1.2 x 10(-3) under a random-effects model). These newly associated variants showed no association with nevus or pigmentation phenotypes in a large British case-control series.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Bergman, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Germline mutation screening of the Saethre-Chotzen-associated genes TWIST1 and FGFR3 in families with BRCA1/2-negative breast cancer
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0284-4311 .- 1651-2073. ; 43:5, s. 251-255
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Saethre-Chotzen syndrome is one of the most common craniosynostosis syndromes. It is an autosomal dominantly inherited disorder with variable expression that is caused by germline mutations in the TWIST1 gene or more rarely in the FGFR2 or FGFR3 genes. We have previously reported that patients with Saethre-Chotzen syndrome have an increased risk of developing breast cancer. Here we have analysed a cohort of 26 women with BRCA1/2-negative hereditary breast cancer to study whether a proportion of these families might have mutations in Saethre-Chotzen-associated genes. DNA sequence analysis of TWIST1 showed no pathogenic mutations in the coding sequence in any of the 26 patients. MLPA (multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification)-analysis also showed no alterations in copy numbers in any of the craniofacial disorder genes MSX2, ALX4, RUNX2, EFNB1, TWIST1, FGFR1, FGFR2,FGFR3, or FGFR4. Taken together, our findings indicate that mutations in Saethre-Chotzen-associated genes are uncommon or absent in BRCA1/2-negative patients with hereditary breast cancer.
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| 12. |
- Bergman, B., et al.
(författare)
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Contact corrosion resistance between the cathode and current collector plate in the molten carbonate fuel cell
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Journal of the Electrochemical Society. - : The Electrochemical Society. - 0013-4651 .- 1945-7111. ; 148:1, s. A38-A43
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The corrosion layer Formed in the contact between the cathode and the current collector is one factor limiting the cathode performance in molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFC). In order to investigate the contribution to the total polarization of the contact resistance, electrochemical experiments were performed in a laboratory-scale fuel cell unit with a specially designed current collector. Two cathode materials, NiO and LiCoO2, were investigated to elucidate the impact of the cathode material on the formed corrosion layer. Polarization measurements as well as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used. The method works well for NiO electrodes. However, due to the poor electronic conductivity in the LiCoO2 electrode, the experimental results become difficult to evaluate due to a nonuniform potential distribution. The contact resistance between the cathode and the current collector contributes with a large value to the total cathode polarization. The corrosion layer in case of the LiCoO2 cathode was iron-rich and has a thickness of about 20 mum after 8 weeks operation of the fuel cell. Ln the case of the NiO cathode, a nickel-rich corrosion layer of about 15 mum was formed after 5 weeks operation of the fuel cell.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Bergman Blix, Stina, 1971-
(författare)
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Rehearsing Emotions : The Process of Creating a Role for the Stage
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis takes as its starting point the dramaturgical metaphor of the world as a stage, which is used in sociological role theories. These theories often presume what stage acting is about in order to use it as a simile for every day acting. My intention is to investigate how stage actors actually work with their roles, in particular how they work with emotions, and how it affects their private emotions.The thesis draws on participant observation and interviews with actors during the rehearsal phase of two productions at a large theatre in Sweden. The results show that the inhabiting of a role for the stage is more difficult and painstaking than has been assumed in role theories so far. Shame and insecurity are common, particularly in the start up phase of the rehearsals. Interestingly, these emotions do not disappear with growing experience, but instead become recognized and accepted as part of the work process.The primary focus is the interplay between the actors' experience and expression of emotions, often described in terms of surface and deep acting, concepts which are elaborated and put into a process perspective. Analysis of the rehearsal process revealed that actors gradually decouple the privately derived emotional experiences that they use to find their way into their characters from the emotions that they express on the stage. Thus private experiences are converted to professional emotional experiences and expressions, triggered by situational cues. When the experience has been expressed the physical manifestation can be repeated with a weaker base in a simultaneous experience, since the body remembers the expression. It is important though, that the emotional expression is not completely decoupled from a concomitant experience; then the expression looses its vitality. The ability to professionalize emotions makes the transitions in and out of emotions less strenuous but can infiltrate and cause problems in the actors' intimate relations.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Bergman, Göran
(författare)
-
Bestämning av selenhalt i älgkött, älglever och älgnjure.
- 1985
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Två älgar har analyserats med avseende på selenhalt i kött, lever och njure. Resultatet visar att älgnjurar har lägre halt av selen än tamdjur, älglever har lägre halt än gris, men högre än ko och får. Selenhalten i kött är lika som i tamdjur. Kadmium, bly och kopparhalter som också analyserats överensstämmer i stort med tidigare undersökningar gjorda 1980 och ger alltså inte anledning till några slutsatser om försurningseffekter.
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| 17. |
- Bergman, Göran, et al.
(författare)
-
Deponering av klororganiskt slam. Lakförsök på bioslam från reningsanläggning för blekeriavloppsvatten.
- 1989
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vid rening av avloppsvatten från blekerier uppstår klorhaltigt fiber- och bioslam. Deponering av slammet sker idag på avfallsupplag tillsammans med aska och bark. Ringa kunskaper finns idag om utlakningen av klororganiska föreningar från slammet. Ett pilotförsök i labskala har utförts för att studera utlakningen av klororganiska föreningar från slam. Bioslammet innehöll från början 15 000 mg/kg AOX. Utläckaget var maximalt 3 mg AOX/l. Mindre än 1% av AOX utlakades under försöket som motsvarade 25 års nederbörd.
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| 18. |
- Bergman, Göran, et al.
(författare)
-
Förbränning av impregnerat virke. Testförbränning i en biobränslepanna, Orrefors
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det är möjligt att elda impregnerat trä innehållande koppar i en biobränslebaserad panna om denna har erforderlig rökgasrening. För den aktuella anläggningen behöver man komplettera rökgasreningen med ytterligare ett steg (någon typ av stoftrening t.ex. elektrofilter, textilt spärr- eller slangfilter). Vid förbränning av mer än 50 ton avfall per år krävs att man söker tillstånd. Mindre mängder kräver endast en anmälan. Vid en förbränning med träflis med en inblandning av upp till 20 % kopparimpregnerat virke (50 % splint och 50 % kärna) klarar bottenaskan alla minimi- och maximihalter enligt Skogsstyrelsens rekommendationer för spridning av aska i skogsbruket som vitaliseringsmedel. De utförda laktesterna av askorna visar att krom lakas ut från bottenaskan i för stora mängder för prov 4 och 5 för att man enligt deponeringsförordningen ska kunna deponera askan tillsammans med icke farligt avfall (de övriga askorna klarade samtliga riktvärden). En faroanalys har genomförts där konceptet toxicitetindex (TI) har tillämpats.
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| 19. |
- Bergman, Göran
(författare)
-
Geologi miljöriskklassificering av impregneringsverk i Sverige.
- 1985
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En geologi och miljöriskklassificering har utförts för 186 impregneringsverk i Sverige. Undersökningen visar att 39 impregneringsverk (21%) ligger på åsmaterial riskklass 1, 74 verk (40%) ligger på morän riskklass 2 och 70 verk (38%) ligger på lera riskklass 3. Vidare miljöundersökningar vid impregneringsverk i Sverige bör i första hand inriktas på de 39 verk som ligger i riskklass 1.
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| 20. |
- Bergman, Göran
(författare)
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Kartläggning av lakvattenspridning i grundvatten med VLF-R-teknik
- 1988
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I Sverige deponeras närmare hälften av landets hushållsavfall liksom den största delen av industriavfallet. Dessa avfallsupplag producerar ett lakvatten som kan förorena grundvattnet. Traditionellt har man för att undersöka detta drivit ner grundvattenobservationsrör och tagit prov på grundvattnet. Denna metod är både kostnads-, tids- och arbetskrävande. Många gånger önskar man att få ett snabbt svar på hur långt en förorening spridit sig i grundvattnet. IVL har sedan 1983 arbetat med att få fram en enkel, snabb och billig metod för att bestämma lakvattenspridning i grundvatten. Försök har utförts med den geoelektriska resistivitetsmetoden VLF-R för att detektera förorenat grundvatten. Försöken har utförts vid en kommunal soptipp i Mellansverige med ett känt lakvattenläckage. Jordlagren i testområdet består ovanför bergytan av morän, 1-2 m, däröver lera 1-2 m med grundvatten i moränlagret. Vid fyra tillfällen under 2 år har VLF-R mätningar utförts. Kloridjonhaltsbestämning i grundvattnet har skett vid tre tillfällen i 9 observationshål i området för att verifiera resultatet från VLF-R mätningarna. De utförda VLF-R mätningarna visar god överensstämmelse med de uppmätta kloridjonhalterna i grundvattnet. VLF-R mätning har visat sig vara en snabb och enkel metod att fastställa utbredningen av ett lakvatten i grundvattnet. VLF-R mätning kan dock aldrig fastställa innehållet av föroreningar i grundvattnet. Metoden skall utnyttjas som en första översiktlig undersökning, som skall vägleda vidare detaljundersökningar såsom utsättning av grundvattenobservationsrör och kemisk analys av grundvattnet.
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| 21. |
- Bergman, Göran
(författare)
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Metalltransport till yt- och grundvatten från ett sandmagasin i Garpenberg
- 1982
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Målsättning har varit att kontrollera spridningen av metaller från sandmagasin till yt- och grundvatten med tyngdpunkt på grundvattentransporten. Provtagning av grundvatten har utförts i 8 punkter nedströms magasinet och i 4 punkter i ytvatten. Två grundvattenobservationsrör har utsatts i själva sandmagasinet. I en zon ca 100 m nedströms sandmagasinet har grundvattnet förhöjda metallhalter. En brunn 300 m nedströms magasinet fyller dock kraven för ett dricksvatten. En kvantifiering av utläckande metaller visar att den övervägande transporten sker genom ytvatten. En promille av transporten sker genom grundvattnet.
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| 22. |
- Bergman, Göran, et al.
(författare)
-
Provtagningsteknik för analys av låga metallhalter i grundvatten.
- 1986
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den nya provtagningstekniken har testats i samma observationsrör där vatten tidigare tagits med äldre teknik. De nya proverna visar genomgående lägre tungmetallhalter än tidigare. Provtagning har skett med och utan omsättning av vattnet i röret. De analyserade metallerna Cd, Cu och Zn visar lägre halter efter länspumpning, medan Al visar högre halt. Olika tider för konservering av metallprover genom syratillsats har testats. Motstridiga resultat har erhållits vid två försök. Ytterligare försök måste göras om praxis (surgörning i fält) skall kunna frångås. Lakförsök av tidigare använda rörtyper (PVC) för grundvattenprovtagning visar att rören läcker metaller vid kontakt med svagt surt vatten, pH 5. Plexiglasrör läcker betydligt mindre Cd och Pb under samma betingelser.
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| 23. |
- Bergman, Göran, et al.
(författare)
-
VLF-R Equipment for detecetion of saline groundwater
- 1989
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Saltwater intrusion in drilled wells is a big problem in coastal areas in Sweden. A new method VLF-R is tested to delineate the boundary between fresh and salined water. In Switzerland a special construction of VLF-instrument has been developed by Dr. Müller. The aim of the invstigation was to test Dr. Müllers instrument, its applicability in Swedish rocktypes. Syrveys were carried out at three sites in the Stockholm - Sweden archipelago. Results: * At a survey with three frequencies: 20 kHz, 50 kHz and 200 kHz, we have obtained good information of fractures at various dephts as well as of saline and fresh water aquifers. * By multidirectionary measurements 2 or 3 or more from the same point, it is possible to distinguish the principal aligment.
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| 24. |
- Bergman, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis and Reactions of Oxazolones from L‑Tryptophan and α‑Haloacetic Anhydrides
- 1992
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Ingår i: Bulletin des Sociétés chimiques belges. - : Wiley. - 0037-9646. ; 101:7, s. 643-660
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optically active 5(4H)-oxazolones have been synthesized from L-tryptophan and an excess of trifluoro-, trichloro-, and dichloroacetic anhydrides. Some of the 5(4H)-xazolones have been further transformed to the isomeric 5(2H)-oxazolones as well as oxazolones with exocyclic double bonds. Treatment of the various oxazolones under hydrolytic, acidic and Friedel-Crafts acylation conditions gave indole-3-pyruvic acid, alpha,beta-dehydrotryptophans, beta-carbolines as well as the functionalized cyclopentanoindole 32. Treatment of the 4-(3-indolylmethyl)-2-trifluoromethyl-5(2H)-oxazolone (17) with trifluoroacetic acid gave the 3,4-bridged azepinoindole 35.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Bergman, Kristoffer, et al.
(författare)
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Hyaluronic acid derivatives prepared in aqueous media by triazine-activated amidation
- 2007
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Ingår i: Biomacromolecules. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1525-7797 .- 1526-4602. ; 8:7, s. 2190-2195
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method is presented for the preparation of hyaluronic acid derivatives obtained through triazine-activated amidation. A number of amines were successfully reacted with hyaluronic acid carboxyl groups using 2-chloro-4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazine as an activating species in a mixture of water and acetonitrile under neutral conditions. By varying the amount of triazine reagent, it was possible to control the degree of modification. Depending on the amine chosen, degrees of modification ranging from 3 to 20% were obtained when using 0.5 equiv of the triazine to hyaluronic acid carboxyl groups. The possibility to perform the reaction in a mixture of water and acetonitrile facilitates the introduction of a wide range of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic amines. Triazine-activated amidation appears to be a highly versatile, controllable, and relatively mild technique for modification of hyaluronic acid, and we predict that it will be useful in the design of novel hyaluronic acid based biomaterials.
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| 27. |
- Bergman, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Ska vi äta våra döda: Linné mellan tro och nytta
- 2002
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Ingår i: I ordets smedja: Festskrift till Per Rydén. - 9172034947 ; , s. 182-191
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- About the struggle between faith and utilitarian aspects in the writings of Carl von Linné.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Bergman, Martin, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Material & Surface design methodology-the user study framework
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Surface Topography-Metrology and Properties. - Bristol : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 2051-672X. ; 8:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A material and surface selection within the car industry is usually based on a comprehensive study based on sensation and perception, focusing on particular perceived qualities and impressions (emotional functions) through visual and tactile interaction of plastic surfaces. On top of that 'emotional function', the 'technical function' such as surface roughness or gloss for a certain matter in symbiosis, will result in a number of material and surface proposals. The range of materials fitting into the window of these requirements varies depending on the industry's ability to hit the target specified in regard to the 'emotional functions', usually defined by the designer's intention. Thus, to be able to get a deeper understanding of how to frame the 'emotional functions' and link them to the 'technical functions', two user studies were made in this paper. The user studies were made with two different designs however with the same main research target to be able to understand the varieties of these two. The aim of doing so was to be able to find the user study design that was the most time efficient and providing the most significant data linked to the 'technical functions' and process control/traceability. However also finding the user study design with the least strains for the participating users in regard to uninterrupted brain activity. By designing the user study in relevant subsets in a certain sequence, user study design nr 2 has proven to be more time efficient and provide more data regarding the soft metrology. Future work will focus on deeper knowledge about how these surfaces different material- and surface properties correlate to the participants responses regarding perceived quality of a car interior design. The development of a new non-contact measurement is also discussed, enabling the possibility to complement and improve the hard metrology set up.
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| 31. |
- Bergman, Martin, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Surface appearance and impression
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Conference on Kansei Engineering and Emotion Research. - Tainan : Department of Industrial Design, National Cheng Kung University. - 9789860324884
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 32. |
- Bergman, Martin, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Surface design methodology : challenge the steel
- 2013
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Ingår i: Metrology and Properties of Engineering Surfaces, 2013. - Bristol, UK : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). ; 483:1, s. Art. no. 012013-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The way a product or material is experienced by its user could be different depending on the scenario. It is also well known that different materials and surfaces are used for different purposes. When optimizing materials and surface roughness for a certain something with the intention to improve a product, it is important to obtain not only the physical requirements, but also the user experience and expectations. Laws and requirements of the materials and the surface function, but also the conservative way of thinking about materials and colours characterize the design of medical equipment. The purpose of this paper is to link the technical- and customer requirements of current materials and surface textures in medical environments. By focusing on parts of the theory of Kansei Engineering, improvements of the companys' products are possible. The idea is to find correlations between desired experience or «feeling» for a product, -customer requirements, functional requirements, and product geometrical properties -design parameters, to be implemented on new improved products. To be able to find new materials with the same (or better) technical requirements but a higher level of user stimulation, the current material (stainless steel) and its surface (brushed textures) was used as a reference. The usage of focus groups of experts at the manufacturer lead to a selection of twelve possible new materials for investigation in the project. In collaboration with the topical company for this project, three new materials that fulfil the requirements -easy to clean and anti-bacterial came to be in focus for further investigation in regard to a new design of a washer-disinfector for medical equipment using the Kansei based Clean ability approach CAA. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.
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| 33. |
- Bergman Nordgren, Lise, et al.
(författare)
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Polariserad debatt om riktlinjer skymmer viktiga frågor
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 115:37, s. 1372-1372
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Debatten om Socialstyrelsens nya riktlinjer för ångest och depression har varit polariserad och inte konstruktiv. Diskussionen bör inte handla om PDT eller KBT utan om evidensbaserade metoder och kompetensbrist.
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| 34. |
- Bergman, Olle, 1978, et al.
(författare)
-
Preliminary evidence that polymorphisms in dopamine-related transcription factors LMX1A, LMX1B and PITX3 are associated with schizophrenia
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry. - : Elsevier. - 0278-5846 .- 1878-4216. ; 34:6, s. 1094-1097
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The early development of dopaminergic pathways has been attributed importance for the aetiology of schizophrenia. Several transcription factors are involved in the survival and maturation of dopamine neurons, including LMX1A, LMX1B and PITX3. The possibility that polymorphisms in these genes may influence the development and/or the maintenance of dopaminergic neurons prompted us to investigate if five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously linked to Parkinson's disease are associated with this disorder. Preliminary evidence that genetic variation in LMX1A (rs6668493, rs4657411), LMX1B (rs10987386) and PITX3 (rs4919621) may increase the risk of developing schizophrenia is presented.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Borges, Joao Batista, et al.
(författare)
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First-time imaging of effects of inspired oxygen concentration on regional lung volumes and breathing pattern during hypergravity
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Applied Physiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1439-6319 .- 1439-6327. ; 115:2, s. 353-363
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aeroatelectasis can develop in aircrew flying the latest generation high-performance aircraft. Causes alleged are relative hyperoxia, increased gravity in the head-to-foot direction (+G(z)), and compression of legs and stomach by anti-G trousers (AGT). We aimed to assess, in real time, the effects of hyperoxia, +G(z) accelerations and AGT inflation on changes in regional lung volumes and breathing pattern evaluated in an axial plane by electrical impedance tomography (EIT). The protocol mimicked a routine peacetime flight in combat aircraft. Eight subjects wearing AGT were studied in a human centrifuge during 1 h 15 min exposure of +1 to +3.5G(z). They performed this sequence three times, breathing AIR, 44.5 % O-2 or 100 % O-2. Continuous recording of functional EIT enabled uninterrupted assessment of regional lung volumes at the 5th intercostal level. Breathing pattern was also monitored. EIT data showed that +3.5G(z), compared with any moment without hypergravity, caused an abrupt decrease in regional tidal volume (V-T) and regional end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) measured in the EIT slice, independently of inspired oxygen concentration. Breathing AIR or 44.5 % O-2, sub-regional EELV measured in the EIT slice decreased similarly in dorsal and ventral regions, but sub-regional V-T measured in the EIT slice decreased significantly more dorsally than ventrally. Breathing 100 % O-2, EELV and V-T decreased similarly in both regions. Inspired tidal volume increased in hyperoxia, whereas breathing frequency increased in hypergravity and hyperoxia. Our findings suggest that hypergravity and AGT inflation cause airway closure and air trapping in gravity-dependent lung regions, facilitating absorption atelectasis formation, in particular during hyperoxia.
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| 37. |
- Bratulic, Sinisa, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Noninvasive detection of any-stage cancer using free glycosaminoglycans.
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 119:50
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cancer mortality is exacerbated by late-stage diagnosis. Liquid biopsies based on genomic biomarkers can noninvasively diagnose cancers. However, validation studies have reported ~10% sensitivity to detect stage I cancer in a screening population and specific types, such as brain or genitourinary tumors, remain undetectable. We investigated urine and plasma free glycosaminoglycan profiles (GAGomes) as tumor metabolism biomarkers for multi-cancer early detection (MCED) of 14 cancer types using 2,064 samples from 1,260 cancer or healthy subjects. We observed widespread cancer-specific changes in biofluidic GAGomes recapitulated in an in vivo cancer progression model. We developed three machine learning models based on urine (Nurine = 220 cancer vs. 360 healthy) and plasma (Nplasma = 517 vs. 425) GAGomes that can detect any cancer with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.83-0.93 with up to 62% sensitivity to stage I disease at 95% specificity. Undetected patients had a 39 to 50% lower risk of death. GAGomes predicted the putative cancer location with 89% accuracy. In a validation study on a screening-like population requiring ≥ 99% specificity, combined GAGomes predicted any cancer type with poor prognosis within 18 months with 43% sensitivity (21% in stage I; N = 121 and 49 cases). Overall, GAGomes appeared to be powerful MCED metabolic biomarkers, potentially doubling the number of stage I cancers detectable using genomic biomarkers.
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| 38. |
- Carlsson, Ylva, 1975, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparing the results from a Swedish pregnancy cohort using data from three automated placental growth factor immunoassay platforms intended for first-trimester preeclampsia prediction.
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; :8, s. 1084-1091
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Risk evaluation for preeclampsia in early pregnancy allows identification of women at high risk. Prediction models for preeclampsia often include circulating concentrations of placental growth factor (PlGF); however, the models are usually limited to a specific PlGF method of analysis. The aim of this study was to compare three different PlGF methods of analysis in a Swedish cohort to assess their convergent validity and appropriateness for use in preeclampsia risk prediction models in the first trimester of pregnancy.MATERIAL AND METHODS: First-trimester blood samples were collected in gestational week 11+0 to 13+6 from 150 pregnant women at Uppsala University Hospital during November 2018 until November 2020. These samples were analyzed using the different PlGF methods from Perkin Elmer, Roche Diagnostics, and Thermo Fisher Scientific.RESULTS: There were strong correlations between the PlGF results obtained with the three methods, but the slopes of the correlations clearly differed from 1.0: PlGFPerkinElmer = 0.553 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.518-0.588) * PlGFRoche -1.112 (95% CI -2.773 to 0.550); r = 0.966, mean difference -24.6 (95% CI -26.4 to -22.8). PlGFPerkinElmer = 0.673 (95% CI 0.618-0.729) * PlGFThermoFisher -0.199 (95% CI -2.292 to 1.894); r = 0.945, mean difference -13.8 (95% CI -15.1 to -12.6). PlGFRoche = 1.809 (95% CI 1.694-1.923) * PlGFPerkinElmer +2.010 (95% CI -0.877 to 4.897); r = 0.966, mean difference 24.6 (95% CI 22.8-26.4). PlGFRoche = 1.237 (95% CI 1.113-1.361) * PlGFThermoFisher +0.840 (95% CI -3.684 to 5.363); r = 0.937, mean difference 10.8 (95% CI 9.4-12.1). PlGFThermoFisher = 1.485 (95% CI 1.363-1.607) * PlGFPerkinElmer +0.296 (95% CI -2.784 to 3.375); r = 0.945, mean difference 13.8 (95% CI 12.6-15.1). PlGFThermoFisher = 0.808 (95% CI 0.726-0.891) * PlGFRoche -0.679 (95% CI -4.456 to 3.099); r = 0.937, mean difference -10.8 (95% CI -12.1 to -9.4).CONCLUSION: The three PlGF methods have different calibrations. This is most likely due to the lack of an internationally accepted reference material for PlGF. Despite different calibrations, the Deming regression analysis indicated good agreement between the three methods, which suggests that results from one method may be converted to the others and hence used in first-trimester prediction models for preeclampsia.
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| 39. |
- Christiansson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
-
Methods for synthesis of nonabromodiphenyl ethers and a chloro-nonabromodiphenyl ether
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Chemosphere. ; 63:4, s. 562-569
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been used extensively as brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in textiles, upholstery and electronics. They are ubiquitous contaminants in wildlife and humans. A low concentration of nonabrominated diphenyl ethers (nonaBDEs) is present in commercial DecaBDE and they are also abiotic and biotic debromination products of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209). The objective of the present work was to develop methods for synthesis of the three nonaBDEs, 2,2',3,3',4,4',5,5',6-nonabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-206), 2,2',3,3',4,4',5,6,6'-nonabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-207) and 2,2',3,3',4,5,5',6,6'-nonabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-208), with the intention of making them available as authentic standards for analytical, toxicological and stability studies, as well as studies regarding physical-chemical properties. Two methods were developed, one based on perbromination of phenoxyanilines and the other via reductive debromination of BDE-209 by sodium borohydride followed by chromatographic separation of the three nonaBDE isomers formed. An additional nonabrominated compound, 4'-chloro-2,2',3,3',4,5,5',6,6'-nonabromodiphenyl ether (Cl-BDE-208), was also synthesized in the present work. Cl-BDE-208, prepared by the perbromination of 4-chlorodiphenyl ether, may be used as an internal standard in analysis of highly brominated diphenyl ethers. BDE-206, BDE-207, BDE-208 and Cl-BDE-208 were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, electron ionization mass spectra and by their melting points. The structures of all three nonaBDEs have been characterized previously by X-ray crystallography.
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| 40. |
- Dahlberg, Anna-Karin, 1985-
(författare)
-
Environmentally relevant chemical disruptors of oxidative phosphorylation in Baltic Sea biota : Exposure and toxic potentials
- 2015
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis focuses on toxicity and occurrence of hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (OH-PBDEs) in Baltic Sea biota. The aims were to assess OH-PBDEs potency for disruption of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and determine their and related compounds exposure in Baltic blue mussel, herring and long-tailed duck. A method for analysis of OH-PBDEs in herring and long-tailed duck plasma was also evaluated.Relevant OH-PBDEs were tested in vitro for OXPHOS disruption, using a classic rat mitochondrial respiration assay and a cell mitochondrial membrane potential assay. All compounds were found to disrupt OXPHOS either by protonophoric uncoupling and/or via inhibition of the electron transport chain. 6-OH-BDE47 and 6-OH-BDE85, were identified as particularly potent OXPHOS disruptors. Strong synergism was observed when OH-PBDEs were tested as a mixture corresponding to what is present in Baltic blue mussels.Baltic blue mussel is main feed for several species of mussel feeding sea ducks which have decreased dramatically in numbers. To assess long-tailed ducks exposure to brominated substances, liver tissue from long-tailed ducks wintering in the Baltic Sea and blue mussels were analysed. The result confirms that long-tailed duck are exposed to OH-PBDEs via their diet. However, low concentrations were found in the duck livers, which suggest low retention of these compounds despite daily intake. How the nutritional value of blue mussels as feed for sea ducks are affected by OH-PBDE exposure still needs further studies. Other species of sea ducks foraging on Baltic blue mussels during summer months can also be more exposed due to seasonal variation in primary production.Herring sampled in the Baltic Proper and Bothnian Sea, were found to contain OH-PBDEs and high levels of their methylated counterpart, MeO-PBDEs. As demethylation of MeO-PBDEs is known to occur in fish, MeO-PBDEs may pose as additional source for more toxic OH-PBDEs in herring and their roe.
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| 41. |
- Djurfeldt, Göran, et al.
(författare)
-
Afrint database
- 2011
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 42. |
- Duell, Eric J, et al.
(författare)
-
Menstrual and reproductive factors, exogenous hormone use, and gastric cancer risk in a cohort of women from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition
- 2010
-
Ingår i: American Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 172:12, s. 1384-1393
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The worldwide incidence of gastric adenocarcinoma (GC) is lower in women than in men. Furthermore, cancer patients treated with estrogens have been reported to have a lower subsequent risk of GC. The authors conducted a prospective analysis of menstrual and reproductive factors, exogenous hormone use, and GC in 335,216 women from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition, a cohort study of individuals aged 35-70 years from 10 European countries. After a mean follow-up of 8.7 years (through 2004), 181 women for whom complete exposure data were available developed GC. Adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. All statistical tests were 2-sided. Women who had ovariectomy had a 79% increased risk of GC (based on 25 cases) compared with women who did not (hazard ratio = 1.79, 95% confidence interval: 1.15, 2.78). Total cumulative years of menstrual cycling was inversely associated with GC risk (fifth vs. first quintile: hazard ratio = 0.55, 95% confidence interval: 0.31, 0.98; P(trend) = 0.06). No other reproductive factors analyzed were associated with risk of GC. The results of this analysis provide some support for the hypothesis that endogenous ovarian sex hormones lower GC incidence in women.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Ekblom Bak, Elin, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Accelerometer derived physical activity patterns in 27.890 middle‐aged adults : The SCAPIS cohort study
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 32:5, s. 866-880
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study aims to describe accelerometer-assessed physical activity (PA) patterns and fulfillment of PA recommendations in a large sample of middle-aged men and women, and to study differences between subgroups of socio-demographic, socio-economic, and lifestyle-related variables. A total of 27 890 (92.5% of total participants, 52% women, aged 50–64 years) middle-aged men and women with at least four days of valid hip-worn accelerometer data (Actigraph GT3X+, wGT3X+ and wGT3X-BT) from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study, SCAPIS, were included. In total, 54.5% of daily wear time was spent sedentary, 39.1% in low, 5.4% in moderate, and only 0.1% in vigorous PA. Male sex, higher education, low financial strain, born in Sweden, and sedentary/light working situation were related to higher sedentary time, but also higher levels of vigorous PA. High BMI and having multiple chronic diseases associated strongly with higher sedentary time and less time in all three PA intensities. All-year physically active commuters had an overall more active PA pattern. The proportion fulfilling current PA recommendations varied substantially (1.4% to 92.2%) depending on data handling procedures and definition used. Twenty-eight percent was defined as having an “at-risk” behavior, which included both high sedentary time and low vigorous PA. In this large population-based sample, a majority of time was spent sedentary and only a fraction in vigorous PA, with clinically important variations between subgroups. This study provides important reference material and emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive assessment of all aspects of the individual PA pattern in future research and clinical practice.
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| 45. |
- Emilsson, Oskar Love, et al.
(författare)
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Pretreatment with heparin in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction : a report from the Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry (SCAAR)
- 2022
-
Ingår i: EuroIntervention. - 1774-024X. ; 18:9, s. 709-718
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is frequently administered before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Aims: The aim of the study was to investigate if pretreatment with UFH prior to arrival at the catheterisation laboratory affects coronary artery occlusion, mortality, and in-hospital major bleeding in patients with STEMI undergoing PCI. Methods: Patients with a first STEMI event undergoing PCI between 2008 and 2016 were extracted from the Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry. Risk ratios for UFH pretreatment versus no pretreatment regarding coronary artery occlusion at presentation in the catheterisation laboratory, 30-day mortality, and bleeding were obtained using adjusted Poisson regression models with robust standard errors. Analyses of propensity score (PS)-matched groups were performed to obtain absolute risk differences. Results: In all, 41,631 patients were included, 16,026 (38%) with and 25,605 (62%) without UFH pretreatment. Adjusted risk ratios were 0.89 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.87 to 0.90) for coronary artery occlusion, 0.87 (0.77 to 0.99) for mortality, and 1.01 (0.86 to 1.18) for bleeding. In the PS-matched analyses, the absolute risk differences were –0.087 (–0.074 to –0.099) for coronary artery occlusion, –0.011 (–0.017 to –0.0041) for mortality, and 0 (–0.0052 to 0.0052) for bleeding. Conclusions: Pretreatment with UFH was associated with a reduction in coronary artery occlusion among patients with STEMI, with a number needed to treat (NNT) of 12, without increasing the risk of major in-hospital bleeding. Regarding mortality, a reduction was found with UFH pretreatment, with an NNT of 94, but this effect was not robust over all sensitivity analyses and residual confounding cannot be excluded.
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| 46. |
- Eren, Feride, et al.
(författare)
-
Immunological protein profiling of first-episode psychosis patients identifies CSF and blood biomarkers correlating with disease severity
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Brain, behavior, and immunity. - : Elsevier. - 0889-1591 .- 1090-2139. ; 111, s. 376-385
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and HypothesisImmune activation is suggested to play an important role in psychosis. In this study, a large number of immune-related proteins were analyzed to obtain a more comprehensive picture of immune aberrations in schizophrenia.Study DesignNinety-two immune markers were analyzed by the Olink Protein Extension Assay (Inflammatory Panel) in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 77 first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients (of which 43 later received the diagnosis of schizophrenia) and 56 healthy controls, all recruited from the Karolinska Schizophrenia Project (KaSP), Stockholm, Sweden.Study ResultsDifferential analysis showed that 12 of 92 inflammatory proteins were significantly higher in the plasma of FEP patients (n = 77) than in controls, and several proteins were positively correlated with disease severity. Patients from the same cohort diagnosed with schizophrenia (n = 43), showed significantly higher levels of 15 plasma proteins compared to controls whereas those not receiving this diagnosis showed no significant differences. The presently used OLINK inflammatory panel allowed the detection of only 47 CSF proteins of which only CD5 differed between patients and controls.ConclusionsThe levels of several peripheral immune markers, particularly those interfering with WNT/β-catenin signaling, were significantly higher in patients with FEP than in healthy controls and associated with illness severity.
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| 47. |
- Eriksson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
-
Photochemical decomposition of fifteen polybrominated diphenyl ether congeners in methanol/water
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Environmental Science & Technology. - : American Chemical Society. - 1520-5851 .- 0013-936X. ; 38:11, s. 3119-3125
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Among all brominated flame retardants in use, the polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been identified as being of particular environmental concern due to their global distribution and bioaccumulating properties, as observed in humans and wildlife worldwide. Still there is a need for more data on the basic characteristics of PBDEs to better understand and describe their environmental fate. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the photochemical degradation of PBDEs with different degrees of bromination. The photochemical degradation of 15 individual PBDEs substituted with 4−10 bromine atoms was studied in methanol/water (8:2) by UV light in the sunlight region. Nine of these were also studied in pure methanol, and four of the nine PBDEs were studied in tetrahydrofuran. The photochemical reaction rate decreased with decreasing number of bromine substituents in the molecule but also in some cases influenced by the PBDE substitution pattern. The reaction rate was dependent on the solvent in such a way that the reaction rate in a methanol/water solution was consistently around 1.7 times lower than in pure methanol and 2−3 times lower than in THF. The UV degradation half-life of decaBDE (T1/2 = 0.5 h) was more than 500 times shorter than the environmentally abundant congener 2,2‘,4,4‘-tetraBDE (T1/2 = 12 d) in methanol/water. The quantum yields in the methanol/water solution ranged from 0.1 to 0.3. The photochemical reaction of decaBDE is a consecutive debromination from ten- down to six-bromine-substituted PBDEs. Products with less than six bromines were tentatively identified as brominated dibenzofurans and traces of what was indicated as methoxylated brominated dibenzofurans.
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| 48. |
- Eriksson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
Affective surface engineering- using soft and hard metrology to measure the Sensation and perception in surface properties
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of NordDesign. - Linköping : The Design Society. - 9789176851852
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- New surface treatments, novel material developments, and improved quality control procedures and advanced metrology instrumentation create a possibility to further develop competitiveness by the selection of “optimal” surface features”, to a product. The customers first apprehension of a product and the creation of desire is a very complex, but tempting process to learn more about. The interaction between the added quantitative- and the qualitative direct impressions with the customers known and unknown functional demands, social background, and expectations results in sensation and perception, partly possible to quantify and to great extent impossible to pin-down as numbers. Customer sensation and perception are much about psychological factors. There has been a strong industrial- and academic need and interest for methods and tools to quantify and linking product properties to the human response but a lack of studies of the impact of surfaces. This paper aims to introduce a novel approach to develop and join a human sensoric inspired metrology frame-work with qualitative gradings of apprehended impressions of products with varying surface properties. The aim is to establish the metrology framework to link measurable- and unmeasurable impressions of product surfaces to customer FEELING as exemplified by a set of industrial applications. In conclusions of the study, future research in Soft metrology is proposed to allow understanding and modelling of product perception and sensations in combination with a development of the Kansei Surface Engineering methodology and software tools. © Proceedings of NordDesign: Design in the Era of Digitalization, NordDesign 2018. All rights reserved.
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| 49. |
- Fortkamp, Uwe, et al.
(författare)
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Platsspecifik bedömning av förorenad mark - Utveckling av laktest som del av ett bedömningskoncept
- 2002
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I Sverige finns det många olika områden där marken är mer eller mindre förorenad. Det är viktigt av miljömässiga och ekonomiska skäl att göra en rättvisande bedömning av dessa områden för att kunna rekommendera rätt åtgärder. IVL har utvecklat ett testpaket för riskbedömning av förorenad mark som består av kemiska analyser, biologiska tester och laktest. Medan biologiska tester är viktiga för att bedöma biologiska risker ger laktest information om risken för mobilisering och spridning av ämnen med vattenfasen. Det pågår forskning i flera länder för utveckling av laktest samtidigt som standardisering inom ISO har påbörjats. Varken utvecklingen eller standardiseringen är avslutade. I rapporten beskrivs statusen av forsknings- och standardiseringsarbetet. Flera olika jordar har lakats som typfall. Förutom prov förorenade med metaller, olja och skärvätskor har också referensjordar från Stockholm testats. En viktig fråga är tolkning av laktestresultat. Man kan dels räkna ut risker med hjälp av spridningsmodeller eller ta hjälp av riktvärden och gränsvärden som t.ex. gränsvärden för dricksvatten eller riktvärden för sjöar och vattendrag. För oorganiska ämnen kan befintliga laktest, t.ex. för avfall, användas, eventuellt med mindre modifieringar. För organiska ämnen är en metodanpassning nödvändig som tar hänsyn till risken att ämnen adsorberas till utrustning och till olika beteenden av organiska och oorganiska ämnen vid olika lakningsförhållanden. På grund av att jorden ofta är inhomogen är det av stor betydelse att genomföra testen med en tillräcklig stor provmängd och att utföra parallellprov.
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| 50. |
- Friedenreich, Christine, et al.
(författare)
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Physical activity and risk of colon and rectal cancers: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
- 2006
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Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention. - 1538-7755. ; 15:12, s. 2398-2407
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated several aspects of the role of physical activity in colon and rectal cancer etiology that remain unclear in the European Prospective Investigation into Nutrition and Cancer. This cohort of 413,044 men and women had 1,094 cases of colon and 599 cases of rectal cancer diagnosed during an average of 6.4 years of follow-up. We analyzed baseline data on occupational, household, and recreational activity to examine associations by type of activity, tumor subsite, body mass index (BMI), and energy intake. The multivariate hazard ratio for colon cancer was 0.78 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.59-1.03] among the most active participants when compared with the inactive, with evidence of a dose-response effect (P-trend = 0.04). For right-sided colon tumors, the risk was 0.65 (95% CI, 0.43-1.00) in the highest quartile of activity with evidence of a linear trend (P-trend=0.004). Active participants with a BMI under 25 had a risk of 0.63 (95% CI, 0.39-1.01) for colon cancer compared with the inactive. Finally, an interaction between BMI and activity (P-interaction=0.03) was observed for right-sided colon cancers; among moderately active and active participants with a BMI under 25, a risk of 0.38 (95% CI, 0.21-0.68) was found as compared with inactive participants with BMI > 30. No comparable decreased risks were observed for rectal cancer for any type of physical activity for any subgroup analyses or interactions considered. We found that physical activity reduced colon cancer risk, specifically for right-sided tumors and for lean participants, but not rectal cancer.
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