| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Demirer, S., et al.
(författare)
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Haemostasis in patients with Behcet's disease
- 2000
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Ingår i: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-5884 .- 1532-2165. ; 19:6, s. 570-574
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: to determine whether Behçet's disease affects haemostatic function. SETTING: University Hospital, Turkey. PATIENTS: one hundred and twenty-seven consecutive patients with Behçet's disease, 34 of whom with a history of vascular involvement. METHODS: prothrombin fragment 1+2 tissue plasminogen activator, protein S and C, antithrombin, fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, thrombomodulin and prothrombin time (PT) were measured in patient plasma. RESULTS: soluble thrombomodulin was significantly lower and von Willebrand factor (vWF) and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) significantly higher in Behçet's patients. Patients with vascular involvement showed the highest levels of vWF and tPA. There was no activation of coagulation, not even in patients with an active disease at the time of sampling. CONCLUSION: there were indirect signs of endothelial activity or damage, particularly in patients with vascular involvement. Coagulation was not activated.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Bergqvist, David, et al.
(författare)
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Prolonged prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism with enoxaparin in patients undergoing cancer surgery : long-term survival analysis
- 2006
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Ingår i: Phlebology. - : SAGE Publications. - 0268-3555 .- 1758-1125. ; 21:4, s. 195-198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: ENOXACAN II was a randomized, double-blind trial that showed prolonged (four-week) thromboprophylaxis with enoxaparin to be more effective than and as safe as standard (one-week) thromboprophylaxis in patients undergoing surgery with a curative intent for abdominopelvic cancer. This follow-up study compared long-term, all-cause mortality in both groups. Methods: Survival rates were calculated on the randomized, treated population (n = 501). The primary efficacy endpoint was survival at one year. An exploratory analysis including survival data up to 44 months was performed. Because some patients were deemed to have undergone palliative as opposed to curative surgery, and there was a significant difference between the treatment groups in the percentage of patients undergoing palliative surgery, the survival analyses were adjusted for the type of surgery performed. Results: When adjusted for type of surgery, there was a trend towards reduced mortality among patients undergoing palliative surgery in the prolonged prophylaxis group (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.598, P = 0.3565) that became more pronounced beyond the pre-specified one-year follow-up period (HR = 0.469, P = 0.078). This trend may reflect a beneficial effect of prolonged prophylaxis on survival in the palliative surgery group (one-year survival 65.4 versus 50% for standard prophylaxis). In patients undergoing curative surgery, one-year survival rates were equal in the standard and prolonged prophylaxis groups (93.8 and 93.2%, respectively). Conclusion: Prolonged thromboprophylaxis with enoxaparin may affect long-term survival in palliative surgery for cancer, but further investigation is warranted.
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| 5. |
- Bergqvist, Lars, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Magnetic and electronic structure of (Ga1-xMnx)As
- 2003
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 67:20, s. 205201-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present theoretical calculations of the magnetic and electronic structure of Mn-doped GaAs (in the zinc-blende structure). The magnetic properties are shown to be very sensitive to structural defects, in particular, As antisite defects and Mn at interstitial positions. Only when considering such defects can the experimental magnetic moments be reproduced by first-principles theory. We present a simple model for understanding the connection between the magnetic ordering and the As antisites, and the way in which the defects help to stabilize a partial disordered local-moment state. The connection between the energetics of the Mn substitution and the As antisite concentration is also analyzed. In addition, we compare the calculated magnetic properties and electronic structures of Mn situated on substitutional sites (Mn replacing a Ga atom) and on interstitial sites, where in agreement with observations the interstitial site is found to be less favorable. Finally, combining our first-principles calculations of the spin-wave excitation energies with a classical Heisenberg Hamiltonian we have calculated interatomic exchange interactions, and using Monte Carlo simulations we present theoretical values of the critical temperature as a function of Mn concentration.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Carbajal, Ricardo, et al.
(författare)
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Pain Assessment in Ventilated and Non-Ventilated Neonates in NICUs across Europe : EUROpean Pain Audit in Neonates (EUROPAIN Survey)
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Neonates undergo many painful procedures during their NICU stay. These may include tracheal intubation/ventilation, skin-breaking procedures, drainage/suctioning of body orifices or cavities. Inherent subjectivity and difficulties of neonatal pain assessment contribute to a wide variety of assessment tools and clinical practices. To date, these practices have been not studied at a large scale. OBJECTIVE: To determine current clinical practices for neonatal pain assessment in NICUs across Europe. DESIGN/METHODS: An epidemiological observational study on bedside pain assessment practices collected data for all neonates in participating NICUs until infants left the unit (discharge, death, transfer to another hospital) or for 28 days. Data collection occurred via an online database for 1 month at each NICU. All neonates up to a gestational age of 44 weeks were included. RESULTS: From October 2012 to June 2013, 243 NICUs from 18 European countries collected pain assessment data in 6680 neonates. Of these, 2142 received tracheal ventilation (ventilated) and 4538 had spontaneous breathing or non- invasive ventilation (non-ventilated). The median (IQR) gestational age of ventilated neonates [32.1 (28.1-37.4)] was less than non-ventilated neonates [36.6 (33.6-39.1), p<0.001]. Overall, 58.5% of ventilated neonates and 35.2%% of non-ventilated neonates received bedside pain assessments (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Over half (58.5%) of ventilated neonates and about one third (35.2%) of non-ventilated neonates had pain assessments performed in European NICUs. Wide variations in the methods used and rates of pain assessment exist among countries
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| 8. |
- Carbajal, Ricardo, et al.
(författare)
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Pain Assessment In Ventilated And Non-ventilated Neonates In Nicus Across Europe : European Pain Audit In Neonates (europain Survey)
- 2014
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Ingår i: Archives of Disease in Childhood. - London, United Kingdom : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0003-9888 .- 1468-2044. ; 99, s. A68-A68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Neonates undergo many painful procedures during their NICU stay. These may include tracheal intubation/ventilation, skin-breaking procedures, drainage/suctioning of body orifices or cavities. Inherent subjectivity and difficulties of neonatal pain assessment contribute to a wide variety of assessment tools and clinical practices. To date, these practices have been not studied at a large scale.Objective: To determine current clinical practices for neonatal pain assessment in NICUs across Europe.Methods: An epidemiological observational study on bedside pain assessment practices collected data for all neonates in participating NICUs until infants left the unit (discharge, death, transfer to another hospital) or for 28 days. Data collection occurred via an online database for 1 month at each NICU. All neonates up to a gestational age of 44 weeks were included.Results: From October 2012 to June 2013, 243 NICUs from 18 European countries collected pain assessment data in 6680 neonates. Of these, 2142 received tracheal ventilation (TV), 1496 non-invasive ventilation (NIV) and 3042 only spontaneous ventilation (SV). The median (IQR) gestational age of TV, NIV and SV neonates were 32.1 (28.1–37.4), 33.6 (31.0–36.6) and 37.9 (35.0–39.9), respectively (p < 0.001). Overall, 58.5% of TV neonates, 45.0% of NIV neonates and 30.4% of SV neonates received bedside pain assessments (p < 0.001). Fig. shows pain assessments by country.Conclusions: Over half (58.5%) of TV neonates and less than half (45.0%) of NIV neonates had pain assessments performed in European NICUs. Wide variations in the rates of pain assessment exist among countries and an important improvement seems necessary.
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| 9. |
- Carbajal, Ricardo, et al.
(författare)
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Sedation And Analgesia For Neonates In Nicus Across Europe : The Europain Survey
- 2014
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Ingår i: Archives of Disease in Childhood. - London, United Kingdom : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0003-9888 .- 1468-2044. ; 99, s. A64-A64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Pain and stress induced by mechanical ventilation, invasive procedures, or painful diseases supports the use of sedation/analgesia (S/A) in newborns admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs). To date, these practices have not been studied at a large scale.Objective: To determine current clinical practices regarding the use of S/A drugs in NICUs across Europe.Methods: This epidemiological observational study on bedside clinical practices regarding S/A collected data for all neonates in participating NICUs until the infant left the unit (discharge, death, transfer) or for up to 28 days. Data collection occurred via an online database for 1 month at each NICU. All neonates up to 44 weeks gestation were included.Results: From October 2012 to June 2013, 243 NICUs from 18 European countries collected data on 6680 eligible neonates. Of these, 2142 received tracheal ventilation (TV), 1496 non-invasive ventilation (NIV) and 3042 only spontaneous ventilation (SV). The median (IQR) gestational age of TV, NIV and SV neonates were 32.1 (28.1–37.4), 33.6 (31.0–36.6) and 37.9 (35.0–39.9), respectively (p < 0.001). Overall, more TV neonates [81.5% (n = 1746)] received S/A drugs than NIV neonates [17.8% (n = 266)] and SV neonates [9.3% (n = 282)]; p < 0.001. Fig. shows the rate of S/A use by country; table shows S/A drugs used.Conclusions: Most ventilated but few non-ventilated neonates (NIV and SV) receive S/A therapy in European NICUs. Wide variations in S/A use, drugs used, and mode of administration (continuous, bolus, or both) exist among countries.
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| 10. |
- Cohen, Alexander T., et al.
(författare)
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Venous thromboembolism (VTE) in Europe : The number of VTE events and associated morbidity and mortality
- 2007
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Ingår i: Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - 0340-6245 .- 2567-689X. ; 98:4, s. 756-764
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is often asymptomatic, mis-diagnosed, and unrecognized at death, and there is a lack of routine postmortem examinations.These factors are thought to result in marked underestimates ofVTE incidence.The objective of our study was to estimate the total burden of VTE within the European Union (EU) per annum. An epidemiological model was constructed to estimate the number of community- and hospital-acquired incidents and recurrent cases (attack rate) of non-fatal VTE and VTE-related deaths, as well as incident and prevalent cases of post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (PH) occurring in the EU per annum. Individual models were developed for six EU countries.The models were populated with data from published literature and, where necessary, expert opinions. The findings were tested using probabilistic sensitivity analyses. The estimated total number of symptomaticVTE events (range based on probabilistic sensitivity analysis) per annum within the six EU countries was 465,715 (404,664-538,189) cases of deep-vein thrombosis, 295,982 (242,450-360,363) cases of pulmonary embolism (PE), and 370,012 (300,193-483,108) VTE-related deaths. Of these deaths, an estimated 27,473 (7%) were diagnosed as being antemortem; 126,145 (34%) were sudden fatal PE, and 217,394 (59%) followed undiagnosed PE.Almost three-quarters of all VTE-related deaths were from hospital-acquired VTE.VTE is a major health problem in the EU,with over one millionVTE events or deaths per annum in the six countries examined. Given the availability of effective VTE prophylaxis, many of these events and deaths could have been prevented.These results have important implications for the allocation of healthcare resources.
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| 11. |
- Costi, T. A., et al.
(författare)
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Kondo Decoherence : Finding the Right Spin Model for Iron Impurities in Gold and Silver
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - : American Physical Society. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 102:5, s. 056802-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We exploit the decoherence of electrons due to magnetic impurities, studied via weak localization, to resolve a long-standing question concerning the classic Kondo systems of Fe impurities in the noble metals gold and silver: which Kondo-type model yields a realistic description of the relevant multiple bands, spin, and orbital degrees of freedom? Previous studies suggest a fully screened spin S Kondo model, but the value of S remained ambiguous. We perform density functional theory calculations that suggest S=3/2. We also compare previous and new measurements of both the resistivity and decoherence rate in quasi-one-dimensional wires to numerical renormalization group predictions for S=1/2, 1, and 3/2, finding excellent agreement forS=3/2.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- De Baetselier, E, et al.
(författare)
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EUPRON: nurses' practice in interprofessional pharmaceutical care in Europe. A cross-sectional survey in 17 countries
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMJ open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 10:6, s. e036269-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Safe pharmaceutical care (PC) requires an interprofessional team approach, involving physicians, nurses and pharmacists. Nurses’ roles however, are not always explicit and clear, complicating interprofessional collaboration. The aim of this study is to describe nurses’ practice and interprofessional collaboration in PC, from the viewpoint of nurses, physicians and pharmacists.DesignA cross-sectional survey.SettingThe study was conducted in 17 European countries, each with their own health systems.ParticipantsPharmacists, physicians and nurses with an active role in PC were surveyed.Main outcome measuresNurses’ involvement in PC, experiences of interprofessional collaboration and communication and views on nurses’ competences.ResultsA total of 4888 nurses, 974 physicians and 857 pharmacists from 17 European countries responded. Providing patient education and information (PEI), monitoring medicines adherence (MMA), monitoring adverse/therapeutic effects (ME) and prescribing medicines were considered integral to nursing practice by 78%, 73%, 69% and 15% of nurses, respectively. Most respondents were convinced that quality of PC would be improved by increasing nurses’ involvement in ME (95%), MMA (95%), PEI (91%) and prescribing (53%). Mean scores for the reported quality of collaboration between nurses and physicians, collaboration between nurses and pharmacists and interprofessional communication were respectively <7/10, ≤4/10, <6/10 for all four aspects of PC.ConclusionsME, MMA, PEI and prescribing are part of nurses’ activities, and most healthcare professionals felt their involvement should be extended. Collaboration between nurses and physicians on PC is limited and between nurses and pharmacists even more.
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| 14. |
- Edlund, Karolina, et al.
(författare)
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CD99 is a novel prognostic stromal marker in non-small cell lung cancer
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 131:10, s. 2264-2273
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The complex interaction between cancer cells and the microenvironment plays an essential role in all stages of tumourigenesis. Despite the significance of this interplay, alterations in protein composition underlying tumourstroma interactions are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to identify stromal proteins with clinical relevance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A list encompassing 203 stromal candidate genes was compiled based on gene expression array data and available literature. The protein expression of these genes in human NSCLC was screened using the Human Protein Atlas. Twelve proteins were selected that showed a differential stromal staining pattern (BGN, CD99, DCN, EMILIN1, FBN1, PDGFRB, PDLIM5, POSTN, SPARC, TAGLN, TNC and VCAN). The corresponding antibodies were applied on tissue microarrays, including 190 NSCLC samples, and stromal staining was correlated with clinical parameters. Higher stromal expression of CD99 was associated with better prognosis in the univariate (p = 0.037) and multivariate (p = 0.039) analysis. The association was independent from the proportion of tumour stroma, the fraction of inflammatory cells and clinical and pathological parameters like stage, performance status and tumour histology. The prognostic impact of stromal CD99 protein expression was confirmed in an independent cohort of 240 NSCLC patients (p = 0.008). Furthermore, double-staining confocal fluorescence microscopy showed that CD99 was expressed in stromal lymphocytes as well as in cancer-associated fibroblasts. Based on a comprehensive screening strategy the membrane protein CD99 was identified as a novel stromal factor with clinical relevance. The results support the concept that stromal properties have an important impact on tumour progression.
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| 15. |
- Francis, C. W., et al.
(författare)
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Treatment of venous thromboembolism in cancer patients with dalteparin for up to 12months : the DALTECAN Study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1538-7933 .- 1538-7836. ; 13:6, s. 1028-1035
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundTreatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with cancer has a high rate of recurrence and bleeding complications. Guidelines recommend low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) for at least 3-6months and possibly indefinitely for patients with active malignancy. There are, however, few data supporting treatment with LMWH beyond 6months. The primary aim of the DALTECAN study (NCT00942968) was to determine the safety of dalteparin between 6 and 12months in cancer-associated VTE. MethodsPatients with active cancer and newly diagnosed VTE were enrolled in a prospective, multicenter study and received subcutaneous dalteparin for 12months. The rates of bleeding and recurrent VTE were evaluated at months 1, 2-6 and 7-12. FindingsOf 334 patients enrolled, 185 and 109 completed 6 and 12months of therapy; 49.1% had deep vein thrombosis (DVT); 38.9% had pulmonary embolism (PE); and 12.0% had both on presentation. The overall frequency of major bleeding was 10.2% (34/334). Major bleeding occurred in 3.6% (12/334) in the first month, and 1.1% (14/1237) and 0.7% (8/1086) per patient-month during months 2-6 and 7-12, respectively. Recurrent VTE occurred in 11.1% (37/334); the incidence rate was 5.7% (19/334) for month 1, 3.4% (10/296) during months 2-6, and 4.1% (8/194) during months 7-12. One hundred and sixteen patients died, four due to recurrent VTE and two due to bleeding. ConclusionMajor bleeding was less frequent during dalteparin therapy beyond 6months. The risk of developing major bleeding complications or VTE recurrence was greatest in the first month of therapy and lower over the subsequent 11 months.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Korzhavyi, Pavel A., 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Defect-induced magnetic structure in (Ga1-xMnx)As
- 2002
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 88:18, s. 187202-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We show that magnetic structures involving partial disorder of local magnetic moments on the Mn atoms in (Ga1-xMnx)As lower the total energy, compared to the case of perfect ferromagnetic ordering, when As defects on the Ga sublattice are present. Such magnetic structures are found to be stable for a range of concentrations of As antisites, and this result accounts for the observed magnetic moments and critical temperatures in (Ga1-xMnx)As . We propose an explanation for the stabilization of the partially disordered magnetic structures and conclude that the magnetization and critical temperatures should increase substantially by reducing the number of As antisite defects.
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| 19. |
- Matikas, A., et al.
(författare)
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Prognostic role of serum thymidine kinase 1 kinetics during neoadjuvant chemotherapy for early breast cancer
- 2021
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Ingår i: ESMO open. - : Elsevier BV. - 2059-7029. ; 6:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Emerging data support the use of thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) activity as a prognostic marker and for monitoring of response in breast cancer (BC). The long-term prognostic value of TK1 kinetics during neoadjuvant chemotherapy is unclear, which this study aimed to elucidate. METHODS: Material from patients enrolled to the single-arm prospective PROMIX trial of neoadjuvant epirubicin, docetaxel and bevacizumab for early BC was used. Ki67 in baseline biopsies was assessed both centrally and by automated digital imaging analysis. TK1 activity was measured from blood samples obtained at baseline and following two cycles of chemotherapy. The associations of TK1 and its kinetics as well as Ki67 with event-free survival and overall survival (OS) were evaluated using multivariable Cox regression models. RESULTS: Central Ki67 counting had excellent correlation with the results of digital image analysis (r= 0.814), but not with the diagnostic samples (r= 0.234), while it was independently prognostic for worse OS [adjusted hazard ratio (HRadj) = 2.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19-6.21, P= 0.02]. Greater increase in TK1 activity after two cycles of chemotherapy resulted in improved event-free survival (HRadj= 0.50, 95% CI 0.26-0.97, P= 0.04) and OS (HRadj= 0.46, 95% CI 0.95, P= 0.04). There was significant interaction between the prognostic value of TK1 kinetics and Ki67 (pinteraction 0.04). CONCLUSION: Serial measurement of serum TK1 activity during neoadjuvant chemotherapy provides long-term prognostic information in BC patients. The ease of obtaining serial samples for TK1 assessment motivates further evaluation in larger studies. Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Simule, Audrone, et al.
(författare)
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SPMD sampled PAH compounds as markers of urban air pollution
- 2005
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Semi permeable membrane devices (SPMDs) are passive integrative samplers used for measurement of vapor phase liphophilic compounds such as POPs. SPMDs were deployed in Lithuanian city to investigate spatial variations and specific contamination of PAHs in the vapor phase. Samples were taken in four different areas during autumn and winter. The samples were fractioned by GPC and analyzed using GC/MS. This study was focused on 24 PAHs. Fractions between different compounds were investigated as specific air pollution indicators. Indicators of traffic and combustion contribution were suggested. Therefore, results showed, that benzo(a)pyrene concentration may not indicate the gas phase pollution with other PAHs
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| 24. |
- Wannberg, Gudmund, et al.
(författare)
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EISCAT_3D - a next-generation European radar system for upper atmosphere and geospace research
- 2010
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Ingår i: Radio Science Bulletin. - 1024-4530. ; :333, s. 75-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The EISCAT Scientifi c Association, together with a number of collaborating institutions, has recently completed a feasibility and design study for an enhanced performance research radar facility to replace the existing EISCAT UHF and VHF systems. This study was supported by EU Sixth-Framework funding. The new radar retains the powerful multi-static geometry of the EISCAT UHF, but will employ phased arrays, direct-sampling receivers, and digital beamforming and beam steering. Design goals include, inter alia, a tenfold improvement in temporal and spatial resolution, an extension of the instantaneous measurement of full-vector ionospheric drift velocities from a single point to the entire altitude range of the radar, and an imaging capability to resolve small-scale structures. Prototype receivers and beamformers are currently being tested on a 48-element, 224 MHz array (the "Demonstrator") erected at the Kiruna EISCAT site, using the EISCAT VHF transmitter as an illuminator.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Agnelli, G, et al.
(författare)
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Safety assessment of new antithrombotic agents : Lessons from the EXTEND study on ximelagatran.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Thrombosis Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0049-3848 .- 1879-2472. ; 123:3, s. 488-497
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Ximelagatran, the first oral direct thrombin inhibitor, was shown to be an effective antithrombotic agent but was associated with potential liver toxicity after prolonged administration. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: The aim of the EXTEND study was to assess safety and efficacy of extended administration (35 days) of ximelagatran or enoxaparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after elective hip replacement and hip fracture surgery. A follow-up period, including assessment of liver enzymes (in particular alanine aminotransferase; ALAT), until post-operative day 180 was planned, with visits at days 56 and 180. RESULTS: Randomization and administration of study drugs were stopped following a report of serious liver injury occurring 3 weeks after completion of ximelagatran treatment. At the time of study termination, 1158 patients had been randomized and 641 had completed the 35-day treatment; with 303 ximelagatran and 265 enoxaparin patients remaining in the study through to the day 56 follow-up visit. Overall, 58 patients showed an ALAT increase to >2x upper limit of normal: 31 treated with enoxaparin, 27 with ximelagatran. Three ximelagatran patients also showed symptoms potentially related to liver toxicity. Eleven ximelagatran patients showed an ALAT increase after study treatment ended. The clinical development of ximelagatran was terminated and the drug withdrawn from the market. Evaluation of the relative efficacy of the two treatments as specified in the protocol was impossible due to the premature termination of the study. CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged administration of ximelagatran was associated with an increased risk of liver toxicity. In a substantial proportion of patients, ALAT increase occurred after treatment withdrawal. The findings seen with ximelagatran should be considered when designing studies with new antithrombotic agents.
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| 27. |
- Andersson, A, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of nutrient enrichment on the distribution and sedimentation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in seawater
- 1998
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Ingår i: Hydrobiologia. - 0018-8158 .- 1573-5117. ; 377, s. 45-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of nutrient enrichment on the distribution of polychlorinated biphenyl's (PCBs) in the microbial food web and the residence time of PCBs in seawater was studied in an experimental mesocosm system. Two 5 m high temperature and light controlled mesocosm tubes (empty set = 0.5 m) were filled with seawater from the northern Baltic Sea. Inorganic phosphorus and nitrogen were added daily to one mesocosm, while the other served as a control. Experiments were conducted at 5, 10 and 20 degrees C. Three C-14-labelled PCBs of different degree of chlorination were added to subsamples of the mesocosms: 4-chlorobiphenyl (MCB), IUPAC # 3, 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (TCB), IUPAC # 52 and 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (HCB) IUPAC # 153. The biomasses and growth rates of the microorganisms as well as the sedimentation rate of particulate organic material increased with nutrient enrichment. The size distribution of the microorganisms changed with nutrient status, from dominance of picoplankton (< 2 mu m) in the control towards increased importance of micro (> 10 mu m) and nanoplankton (2-10 mu m) in nutrient enrichment. The specific growth rate of the bacterial community was found to be more temperature dependent than that of the phytoplankton community. The relative proportion of PCBs in the > 2 mu m fraction was observed to be in the order MCB < TCB < HCB, while the opposite distribution prevailed in the < 2 mu m fraction. We hypothesize that this is due to the combined effect of the different K-ow values of the PCBs and a different composition of the particulate organic carbon in the > 2 mu m and < 2 mu m fractions (e.g. different lipid composition). The residence time of the PCBs in the mesocosm generally decreased with nutrient enrichment, but was dependent on the degree of chlorination of the PCB. Our results indicate that the transport of organic pollutants up through the food web is more important in nutrient poor than in nutrient rich waters and that the importance of sedimentation is higher in eutrophic ecosystems.
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| 28. |
- Belch, Jill J. F., et al.
(författare)
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Results of the randomized, placebo-controlled clopidogrel and acetylsalicylic acid in bypass surgery for peripheral arterial disease (CASPAR) trial
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of vascular surgery : official publication, the Society for Vascular Surgery [and] International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter. - : Elsevier BV. - 0741-5214. ; 52:4, s. 825-833, 833.e1-2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The combination of clopidogrel plus ASA did not improve limb or systemic outcomes in the overall population of PAD patients requiring below-knee bypass grafting. Subgroup analysis suggests that clopidogrel plus ASA confers benefit in patients receiving prosthetic grafts without significantly increasing major bleeding risk.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Bergqvist, A.-S., et al.
(författare)
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Heparin and dermatan sulphate induced capacitation of frozen-thawed bull spermatozoa measured by merocyanine-540
- 2007
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Ingår i: Zygote (Cambridge. Print). - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0967-1994 .- 1469-8730. ; 15:3, s. 225-232
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are present in the oviduct in which the major part of sperm capacitation occurs. In this study we have tested how capacitation of frozen-thawed bull spermatozoa is effected by exposure to different GAGs detectable or possibly present in oviductal fluid; i.e. heparin, hyaluronan, heparan sulphate, dermatan sulphate and chondroitin sulphate. Following exposure of different duration, the spermatozoa were stained with either Chlortetracycline (CTC) or merocyanine-540 and evaluated with epifluorescent light microscopy or flow cytometry, respectively. Heparin elicited a significant increase in the number of alive, capacitated spermatozoa, either expressed as higher merocyanine-540 fluorescence (p less than 0.0001) or as B-pattern (p = 0.0021) in the CTC assay, during 4 h of incubation. When comparing the different GAG treatments one by one to the negative control in the flow cytometric study, only heparin and dermatan sulphate were significant (p less than 0.0001) higher than the control at 0-30 min of incubation. Duration of incubation did not affect the proportion of capacitated spermatozoa when measured as merocyanine-540 fluorescence or CTC B-pattern, but the length of the incubation did affect the number of dead (Yo-PRO 1 positive) spermatozoa (p less than 0.0001). Exposure to zona pellucida proteins significantly increased the proportion of acrosome reacted spermatozoa (p = 0.016). Both heparin and dermatan sulphate induce capacitation of frozen-thawed bull spermatozoa in vitro.
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| 36. |
- Bergqvist, D, et al.
(författare)
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Duration of prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism with enoxaparin after surgery for cancer.
- 2002
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Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. - 0028-4793. ; 346:13, s. 975-980
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Abdominal surgery for cancer carries a high risk of venous thromboembolism, but the optimal duration of postoperative thromboprophylaxis is unknown. Methods: We conducted a double-blind, multicenter trial in which patients undergoing planned curative open surgery for abdominal or pelvic cancer received enoxaparin (40 mg subcutaneously) daily for 6 to 10 days and were then randomly assigned to receive either enoxaparin or placebo for another 21 days. Bilateral venography was performed between days 25 and 31, or sooner if symptoms of venous thromboembolism occurred. The primary end point with respect to efficacy was the incidence of venous thromboembolism between days 25 and 31. The primary safety end point was bleeding during the three-week period after randomization. The patients were followed for three months. Results: The intention-to-treat analysis of efficacy included 332 patients. The rates of venous thromboembolism at the end of the double-blind phase were 12.0 percent in the placebo group and 4.8 percent in the enoxaparin group (P=0.02). This difference persisted at three months (13.8 percent vs. 5.5 percent, P=0.01). Three patients in the enoxaparin group and six in the placebo group died within three months after surgery. There were no significant differences in the rates of bleeding or other complications during the double-blind or follow-up periods. Conclusions: Enoxaparin prophylaxis for four weeks after surgery for abdominal or pelvic cancer is safe and significantly reduces the incidence of venographically demonstrated thrombosis, as compared with enoxaparin prophylaxis for one week. (N Engl J Med 2002;346:975-80.) Copyright (C) 2002 Massachusetts Medical Society.
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| 39. |
- Bergqvist, D, et al.
(författare)
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Low molecular weight heparin given the evening before surgery compared with conventional low-dose heparin in prevention of thrombosis
- 1988
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Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2168 .- 0007-1323. ; 75:9, s. 888-891
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A prospective randomized double-blind trial was performed comparing conventional low-dose heparin with a low molecular weight heparin fragment for thromboprophylaxis in elective general abdominal surgical patients. The first dose of the heparin fragment was given the evening before surgery, and further doses were given thereafter every evening. There were 1002 analysable patients, 826 having received correct prophylaxis. Of these 1002 patients, 64 per cent were operated on for malignant disease. A total of 20 patients died, 10 in each group. The frequency of deep vein thrombosis was significantly reduced among patients with correct prophylaxis with the heparin fragment (9.2-5.0 per cent, P = 0.02) [corrected]. The frequency of bleeding was 6.7 per cent among the heparin fragment patients and 2.7 per cent among the patients given conventional heparin (P = 0.01), but all bleeds were of minor degree and there was no difference in the reoperation rate for bleeding, or in the transfusion requirements. Local pain at the injection site was reported significantly less often among patients given the heparin fragment.
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| 40. |
- Bergqvist, D, et al.
(författare)
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Thromboprophylactic effect of low molecular weight heparin started in the evening before elective general abdominal surgery: a comparison with low-dose heparin
- 1990
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Ingår i: Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis. - 1098-9064. ; 16:Suppl., s. 19-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A prospective randomized double-blind trial was performed comparing conventional low-dose heparin with a LMWH fragment (Kabi 2165, Fragmin) for thromboprophylaxis in elective general abdominal surgical patients. The first dose of the fragment was given in the evening before surgery, and thereafter every evening. There were 1002 analyzable patients, 826 having received correct prophylaxis. Sixty three percent of the patients were operated on for malignant diseases. The frequency of DVT was significantly reduced among patients with correct prophylaxis with the heparin fragment (9.2 to 5.0%, p = 0.02). In patients with malignancies the reduction was from 11.2 to 6.4% (p = 0.06). The frequency of bleeding was 6.7% among the heparin fragment patients and 2.7% among the patients given conventional heparin (p = 0.01). The corresponding frequencies for patients with malignancies were 3.2 and 2.8%, respectively (p = 0.28). All bleedings were minor and of no clinical significance. Local pain at the injection site was reported significantly less often among patients with the fragment. Twenty patients died, 13 with malignant disease, mortality being the same in the two groups. It is concluded that heparin fragment administered in the evening before surgery and then every evening is a practically acceptable alternative to prevent postoperative DVT in patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery, also when the histology shows malignancy. Thus, the advantages of using LMWH compared with conventional low-dose heparin are simplified administration routines, better thromboprophylactic effect, and less local pain at injection sites. A disadvantage is the slight increase in hemorrhagic side effects, all of minor clinical importance and not seen in patients undergoing surgery for malignancy.
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| 41. |
- Bergqvist, Joel, et al.
(författare)
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Non-infectious rhinitis is more strongly associated with early-rather than late-onset of COPD: data from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS)
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-4477 .- 1434-4726. ; 277, s. 1353-1359
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with several co-morbidities and non-infectious rhinitis (NIR) has emerged as a new possible co-morbidity. The primary aim of this study is to confirm a previously reported association between NIR and COPD in a multicentre population over time. The secondary aim is to investigate the course over time of such an association through a comparison between early- and late-onset COPD. Methods This study is part of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS). A random adult population from 25 centres in Europe and one in Australia was examined with spirometry and answered a respiratory questionnaire in 1998-2002 (ECRHS II) and in 2008-2013 (ECRHS III). Symptoms of non-infectious rhinitis, hay fever and asthma, and smoking habits were reported. Subjects reporting asthma were excluded. COPD was defined as a spirometry ratio of FEV1/FVC < 0.7. A total of 5901 subjects were included. Results Non-infectious rhinitis was significantly more prevalent in subjects with COPD compared with no COPD (48.9% vs 37.1%, p < 0.001) in ECRHS II (mean age 43) but not in ECHRS III (mean age 54). In the multivariable regression model adjusted for COPD, smoking, age, BMI, and gender, non-infectious rhinitis was associated with COPD in both ECRHS II and III. Conclusion Non-infectious rhinitis was significantly more common in subjects with COPD at a mean age of 43. Ten years later, the association was weaker. The findings indicate that NIR could be associated with the early onset of COPD.
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| 42. |
- Bergqvist, J, et al.
(författare)
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RASSF1A polymorphism in familial breast cancer
- 2010
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Ingår i: Familial cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-7292 .- 1389-9600. ; 9:3, s. 263-265
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 50. |
- Dahl, O. E., et al.
(författare)
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Major joint replacement. A model for antithrombotic drug development: from proof-of-concept to clinical use
- 2008
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Ingår i: International angiology. - 0392-9590. ; 27:1, s. 60-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: Development of antithrombotic compounds has traditionally been performed in patients undergoing total hip and knee replacement surgery. A high number of asymptomatic deep-vein thromboses are radiologically detectable, and bleeding and other adverse events (AE) are easy to observe. However, standardization of study procedures and endpoints in early proof-of-concept studies and late pure clinical endpoint studies has been lacking. This has made comparison between studies difficult, economic analyses speculative and potential benefits of applying the drug regimen in non-selected patients uncertain. In this paper, the International Surgical Thrombosis Forum proposes a strategy for the clinical investigation of new pharmacological agents for the prophylaxis of postoperative thrombotic events. METHODS: First, dose titration safety studies of short duration, in highly selected patients using objective venographic endpoints are recommended. Bleeding should be divided into the quantified volume of surgical bleeding and other adjudicated clinical bleeding events. The number of AE should be described for each dose step and classified according to International Coding of Diagnoses (ICD). Second, a dose confirmatory study of moderate exposure period and sufficient follow-up time is recommended. The exclusion criteria should be restricted to contraindications of the compared drugs and technical procedure. RESULTS: The efficacy, bleeding and AE should be similar to those used in dose-titration studies. In addition, the failure rate of the drug to exert its effect and the net clinical benefit should be calculated. CONCLUSION: Finally, trials with simple clinical endpoints and long follow-up should be conducted to evaluate the potential benefits of the drug-regimen in non-selected populations.
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