| 1. |
- Andersson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Fiskbestånd och miljö i hav och sötvatten : Resurs- och miljööversikt 2012
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Detta är den nionde utgåvan av den samlade översikten över fisk- och kräftdjursbeståndens status i våra vatten. Kunskap om fiskbestånden och miljön är en förutsättning för att utnyttjandet av fiskresurserna skall bli bärkraftigt. För svenska vattenområden beskrivs miljöutvecklingen i ett ekosystemsperspektiv, dels för att tydliggöra fiskens ekologiska roll och beskriva yttre miljöfaktorer som påverkar fiskbestånden, dels för att belysa fiskets effekter på miljön.Fiskbestånd och miljö i hav och sötvatten är utarbetad av Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU), Institutionen för akvatiska resurser (SLU Aqua), på uppdrag av Havs- och vattenmyndigheten. Rapporten sammanfattar utveckling och beståndsstatus för de kommersiellt viktigaste fisk- och kräftdjursarterna i våra vatten. Bedömningar och förvaltningsråd är baserade på Internationella Havsforskningsrådets (ICES) rådgivning, SLU Aquas nationella och regionala provfiskedata, samt yrkesfiskets rapportering.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Anderbrant, Olle, et al.
(författare)
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Attraction of Male Pine Sawflies, Diprion jingyuanensis, to Synthetic Pheromone Candidates: Synergism between Two Stereoisomers
- 2023
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Ingår i: Forests. - : MDPI. - 1999-4907. ; 14:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pine sawfly Diprion jingyuanensis Xiao and Zhang (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) is a serious pest of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. in the Shanxi, Gansu, and Inner Mongolia provinces in P. R. China. The sex pheromone of D. jingyuanensis was shown to be the propionate ester of 3,7-dimethyl-2-tridecanol. Virgin females contained an approximate 1:3 blend of the pheromone precursors erythro-(2S,3S,7R/S and 2R,3R,7R/S)-3,7-dimethyl-2-tridecanol and threo-(2S,3R,7R/S and 2R,3S,7R/S)-3,7-dimethyl-2-tridecanol, but the exact stereoisomers were not determined. Males responded the strongest to the propionate ester of the two threo-isomers, (2S,3R,7R) and (2S,3R,7S), in electroantennogram (EAG) recordings, followed by a significant EAG response to the (2S,3R,7R) propionate of diprionol (pheromone component of D. similis), whereas the remaining two isomers (2S,3S,7S and 2S,3S,7R) of the propionate ester of 3,7-dimethyl-2-tridecanol and the acetate of the (2S,3R,7R) isomer (one of the two pheromone components of D. pini) did not elicit any significant increase in antennal response. In the field, the strongly EAG-active (2S,3R,7R)-isomer alone was only weakly (but significantly) attractive to D. jingyuanensis males at 100 & mu;g, while the equally EAG- active (2S,3R,7S)-isomer alone at the same loading was 8-14 times more attractive than was the (2S,3R,7R)-isomer alone. Traps baited with the same amounts of the two threo-isomers ((2S,3R,7R) and (2S,3R,7S), 100 & mu;g + 100 & mu;g) caught significantly more males than did traps baited with other isomers, either of the two isomers alone or other proportions of the two isomers. Thus, the (2S,3R,7S)-isomer is considered as a strong and essential sex-attractant component for D. jingyuanensis males, whereas the (2S,3R,7R)-isomer is a weak but synergistic sex-attractant. This is one of the few examples of a pine sawfly responding significantly stronger to a binary blend of stereoisomers in a synergistic fashion than to a single stereoisomer alone.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Anderbrant, Olle, et al.
(författare)
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Release of sex pheromone and its precursors in the pine sawfly Diprion pini (Hym., Diprionidae)
- 2005
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Ingår i: Chemoecology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-7409 .- 1423-0445. ; 15:3, s. 147-151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The first identification of a sex pheromone of a pine sawfly (Hymenoptera, Diprionidae) dates back almost thirty years. Since then, female-produced pheromones of over twenty diprionid species have been investigated by solvent extraction followed by separation and identification. However, no study has shown what the females actually release. Collection of airborne compounds using absorbtion on charcoal filter as well as solid phase microextraction (SPME) followed by analysis employing gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), revealed an unusual system in Diprion pini, in which the pheromone precursor alcohol, 3,7-dimethyl-2-tridecanol, is released together with acetic, propionic, butyric and isobutyric acids. The corresponding acetate, propionate and butyrate esters of 3,7-dimethyl-2-tridecanol were also found in the samples. All esters were electrophysiologically active, and the propionate and isobutyrate were attractive in trapping experiments. Based on these and earlier reported results, it seems that at least in part of its range, the pheromone response of D. pini is not very specific with regard to the functional group, as long as this is an ester.
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| 7. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Bergström, Stig M., et al.
(författare)
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Maurits Lindström - A renaissance geoscientist
- 2007
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Ingår i: GFF. - : the Geological Society of Sweden. - 1103-5897. ; 129:2, s. 65-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This issue of the GFF is dedicated to Professor Maurits Lindström on the occasion of his 75th birthday by students, colleagues, and friends in recognition of his profound impact on the Science of Geology as researcher and teacher during more than half a century.
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| 11. |
- Bonnert, Marianne, et al.
(författare)
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Internet-delivered cognitive-behaviour therapy for anxiety related to asthma : study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
- 2024
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Ingår i: BMJ Open Respiratory Research. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2052-4439. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction There is an established association between asthma and anxiety. The overlap between asthma symptoms and symptoms of anxiety may cause individuals to overestimate their asthma severity and restrict their daily activities leading to a low quality of life. There is currently weak evidence for treatments targeting anxiety related to asthma, but cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) has shown some promising but mixed results. The current randomised controlled trial will investigate if exposure-based internet-delivered CBT (Internet-CBT) is more effective than treatment as usual+medical education (TAU+ME) to relieve symptoms of anxiety and asthma control.Methods and analysis 90 participants will be randomised 1:1 to 8 weeks of Internet-CBT or TAU+ME. The primary outcome, the patient-reported Catastrophising Asthma Scale, will be analysed from baseline to the primary endpoint at 16 weeks using hierarchical linear mixed model of the slope over time. Secondary outcomes, such as asthma control, quality of life and forced expiratory volume in 1 s, will be analysed correspondingly.Ethics and dissemination All participants will be informed about the study and leave their consent before study entry. All results will be analysed at group level and reported through publication in a peer-reviewed scientific journal within the field. The study received ethical approval by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority in January 2020 (ID: 2019-05985; 2022-01117-02).
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| 12. |
- El Alaoui, Samir, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors and Moderators of Internet- and Group-Based Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Panic Disorder
- 2013
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) can be equally effective as traditional face-to-face cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for treating panic disorder (PD). However, little is known about the predictors and moderators of outcome of ICBT when delivered in psychiatric outpatient settings. This study investigated a selection of outcome predictors and moderators of ICBT for panic disorder based on data from a randomised controlled trial where therapist-guided ICBT was compared with group CBT (GCBT) for panic disorder. Participants (N = 104) received 10 weeks of ICBT or GCBT and were assessed before and after treatment, and after six months. Multiple regression analyses were used to test for significant predictors of treatment outcome. Predictors of positive treatment response for both modalities were having low levels of symptom severity and work impairment. In addition, anxiety sensitivity was found to have a small negative relationship with treatment outcome, suggesting that anxiety sensitivity may slightly enhance treatment response. Treatment modality had a moderating effect on the relationship between domestic impairment and outcome and on the relationship between initial age of onset of panic symptoms and treatment outcome, favouring ICBT for patients having had an early onset of PD symptoms and for patients having a high domestic functional impairment. These results suggest that both ICBT and GCBT are effective treatment modalities for PD and that it is possible to predict a significant proportion of the long-term outcome variance based on clinical variables.
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| 13. |
- Genberg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Source apportionment of carbonaceous aerosol in southern Sweden
- 2011
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1680-7316 .- 1680-7324. ; 11:22, s. 11387-11400
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A one-year study was performed at the Vavihill background station in southern Sweden to estimate the anthropogenic contribution to the carbonaceous aerosol. Weekly samples of the particulate matter PM10 were collected on quartz filters, and the amounts of organic carbon, elemental carbon, radiocarbon (14C) and levoglucosan were measured. This approach enabled source apportionment of the total carbon in the PM10 fraction using the concentration ratios of the sources. The sources considered in this study were emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels and biomass, as well as biogenic sources. During the summer, the carbonaceous aerosol mass was dominated by compounds of biogenic origin (80%), which are associated with biogenic primary and secondary organic aerosols. During the winter months, biomass combustion (32%) and fossil fuel combustion (28%) were the main contributors to the carbonaceous aerosol. Elemental carbon concentrations in winter were about twice as large as during summer, and can be attributed to biomass combustion, probably from domestic wood burning. The contribution of fossil fuels to elemental carbon was stable throughout the year, although the fossil contribution to organic carbon increased during the winter. Thus, the organic aerosol originated mainly from natural sources during the summer and from anthropogenic sources during the winter. The result of this source apportionment was compared with results from the EMEP MSC-W chemical transport model. The model and measurements were generally consistent for total atmospheric organic carbon, however, the contribution of the sources varied substantially. E.g. the biomass burning contributions of OC were underestimated by the model by a factor of 2.2 compared to the measurements.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Hedenström, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Sex Pheromone of pine sawflies. Chiral syntheses of some active minor components isolated from neodiprion sertifer and of some chiral analogues of diprionyl acetate.
- 1992
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Ingår i: Tetrahedron. - 0040-4020. ; 48:15, s. 3139-3146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The chiral syntheses of some analogues, 2 - 7, of 3,7-dimethyl-2-pentadecanol, 1 (diprionol), and of the corresponding acetates are described. The acetate of 1 is the main attractant in the sex pheromone of the Neodiprion genus (Diprionidae). Compounds 2 /2- 4 were identified as minor components isolated from females of Neodiprion sertifer. Synthetic intermediates were prepared either from chiral starting materials, via asymmetric syntheses, or by baker's yeast reductions.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Martinsson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Carbonaceous aerosol source apportionment using the Aethalometer model - evaluation by radiocarbon and levoglucosan analysis at a rural background site in southern Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1680-7316 .- 1680-7324. ; 17:6, s. 4265-4281
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the present demand on fast and inexpensive aerosol source apportionment methods, the Aethalometer model was evaluated for a full seasonal cycle (June 2014June 2015) at a rural atmospheric measurement station in southern Sweden by using radiocarbon and levoglucosan measurements. By utilizing differences in absorption of UV and IR, the Aethalometer model apportions carbon mass into wood burning (WB) and fossil fuel combustion (FF) aerosol. In this study, a small modification in the model in conjunction with carbon measurements from thermal-optical analysis allowed apportioned non-light-absorbing biogenic aerosol to vary in time. The absorption differences between WB and FF can be quantified by the absorption angstrom ngstrom exponent (AAE). In this study AAE(WB) was set to 1.81 and AAE(FF) to 1.0. Our observations show that the AAE was elevated during winter (1.36 +/- 0.07) compared to summer (1.12 +/- 0.07). Quantified WB aerosol showed good agreement with levoglucosan concentrations, both in terms of correlation (R-2 = 0 : 70) and in comparison to reference emission inventories. WB aerosol showed strong seasonal variation with high concentrations during winter (0.65 mu gm(-3), 56% of total carbon) and low concentrations during summer (0.07 mu gm(-3), 6% of total carbon). FF aerosol showed less seasonal dependence; however, black carbon (BC) FF showed clear diurnal patterns corresponding to traffic rush hour peaks. The presumed non-light-absorbing biogenic carbonaceous aerosol concentration was high during summer (1.04 mu gm(-3), 72% of total carbon) and low during winter (0.13 mu gm(-3), 8% of total carbon). Aethalometer model results were further compared to radiocarbon and levoglucosan source apportionment results. The comparison showed good agreement for apportioned mass of WB and biogenic carbonaceous aerosol, but discrepancies were found for FF aerosol mass. The Aethalometer model overestimated FF aerosol mass by a factor of 1.3 compared to radiocarbon and levoglucosan source apportionment. A performed sensitivity analysis suggests that this discrepancy can be explained by interference of non-light-absorbing biogenic carbon during winter. In summary, the Aethalometer model offers a costeffective yet robust high-time-resolution source apportionment at rural background stations compared to a radiocarbon and levoglucosan alternative.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Nilsson, Erik, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating humidity and sea salt disturbances on CO2 flux measurements
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology. - 0739-0572 .- 1520-0426. ; 35, s. 859-875
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Global oceans are an important sink of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Therefore, understanding the air-sea flux of CO2 is a vital part in describing the global carbon balance. Eddy covariance (EC) measurements are often used to study CO2 fluxes from both land and ocean. CO2 are usually measured with infrared absorption sensors, which at the same time measure water vapor. Studies have shown that presence of water vapor fluctuations in the sampling air potentially result in erroneous CO2 flux measurements due to cross-sensitivity of the sensor. Here we compare measured CO2 fluxes from both enclosed path Li-Cor 7200 sensors and open-path Li-Cor 7500 instruments from an inland measurement site and a marine site. We also introduce new quality control criteria based upon a Relative Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI). The sampling gas in one of the Li-Cor 7200 instruments was dried by means of a multi-tube diffusion dryer so that the water vapor fluxes were close to zero. With this setup we investigated the effect that cross-sensitivity of the CO2 signal to water vapor can have on the CO2 fluxes. The dryer had no significant effect on the CO2 fluxes. We tested the hypothesis that the cross-sensitivity effect is caused by hygroscopic particles such as sea salt by spraying a saline solution on the windows of the Li-Cor 7200 instruments during the inland field test. Our results confirm earlier findings that sea salt contamination can affect CO2 fluxes significantly and confirm earlier findings, that drying the sampling air for the gas analyzer is an effective method to reduce this signal contamination.
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| 21. |
- Robba, Chiara, et al.
(författare)
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Oxygen targets and 6-month outcome after out of hospital cardiac arrest : a pre-planned sub-analysis of the targeted hypothermia versus targeted normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (TTM2) trial
- 2022
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Ingår i: Critical Care. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1364-8535 .- 1466-609X. ; 26, s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Optimal oxygen targets in patients resuscitated after cardiac arrest are uncertain. The primary aim of this study was to describe the values of partial pressure of oxygen values (PaO2) and the episodes of hypoxemia and hyperoxemia occurring within the first 72 h of mechanical ventilation in out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients. The secondary aim was to evaluate the association of PaO2 with patients’ outcome. Methods: Preplanned secondary analysis of the targeted hypothermia versus targeted normothermia after OHCA (TTM2) trial. Arterial blood gases values were collected from randomization every 4 h for the first 32 h, and then, every 8 h until day 3. Hypoxemia was defined as PaO2 < 60 mmHg and severe hyperoxemia as PaO2 > 300 mmHg. Mortality and poor neurological outcome (defined according to modified Rankin scale) were collected at 6 months. Results: 1418 patients were included in the analysis. The mean age was 64 ± 14 years, and 292 patients (20.6%) were female. 24.9% of patients had at least one episode of hypoxemia, and 7.6% of patients had at least one episode of severe hyperoxemia. Both hypoxemia and hyperoxemia were independently associated with 6-month mortality, but not with poor neurological outcome. The best cutoff point associated with 6-month mortality for hypoxemia was 69 mmHg (Risk Ratio, RR = 1.009, 95% CI 0.93–1.09), and for hyperoxemia was 195 mmHg (RR = 1.006, 95% CI 0.95–1.06). The time exposure, i.e., the area under the curve (PaO2-AUC), for hyperoxemia was significantly associated with mortality (p = 0.003). Conclusions: In OHCA patients, both hypoxemia and hyperoxemia are associated with 6-months mortality, with an effect mediated by the timing exposure to high values of oxygen. Precise titration of oxygen levels should be considered in this group of patients. Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov NCT02908308, Registered September 20, 2016.
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| 22. |
- Robba, Chiara, et al.
(författare)
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Ventilatory settings in the initial 72 h and their association with outcome in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients : a preplanned secondary analysis of the targeted hypothermia versus targeted normothermia after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (TTM2) trial
- 2022
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Ingår i: Intensive Care Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0342-4642 .- 1432-1238. ; 48:8, s. 1024-1038
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The optimal ventilatory settings in patients after cardiac arrest and their association with outcome remain unclear. The aim of this study was to describe the ventilatory settings applied in the first 72 h of mechanical ventilation in patients after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and their association with 6-month outcomes. Methods: Preplanned sub-analysis of the Target Temperature Management-2 trial. Clinical outcomes were mortality and functional status (assessed by the Modified Rankin Scale) 6 months after randomization. Results: A total of 1848 patients were included (mean age 64 [Standard Deviation, SD = 14] years). At 6 months, 950 (51%) patients were alive and 898 (49%) were dead. Median tidal volume (VT) was 7 (Interquartile range, IQR = 6.2–8.5) mL per Predicted Body Weight (PBW), positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) was 7 (IQR = 5–9) cmH20, plateau pressure was 20 cmH20 (IQR = 17–23), driving pressure was 12 cmH20 (IQR = 10–15), mechanical power 16.2 J/min (IQR = 12.1–21.8), ventilatory ratio was 1.27 (IQR = 1.04–1.6), and respiratory rate was 17 breaths/minute (IQR = 14–20). Median partial pressure of oxygen was 87 mmHg (IQR = 75–105), and partial pressure of carbon dioxide was 40.5 mmHg (IQR = 36–45.7). Respiratory rate, driving pressure, and mechanical power were independently associated with 6-month mortality (omnibus p-values for their non-linear trajectories: p < 0.0001, p = 0.026, and p = 0.029, respectively). Respiratory rate and driving pressure were also independently associated with poor neurological outcome (odds ratio, OR = 1.035, 95% confidence interval, CI = 1.003–1.068, p = 0.030, and OR = 1.005, 95% CI = 1.001–1.036, p = 0.048). A composite formula calculated as [(4*driving pressure) + respiratory rate] was independently associated with mortality and poor neurological outcome. Conclusions: Protective ventilation strategies are commonly applied in patients after cardiac arrest. Ventilator settings in the first 72 h after hospital admission, in particular driving pressure and respiratory rate, may influence 6-month outcomes.
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| 23. |
- Rutgersson, Anna, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Using land-based stations for air–sea interaction studies
- 2020
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Ingår i: Tellus. Series A, Dynamic meteorology and oceanography. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0280-6495 .- 1600-0870. ; 72:1, s. 1-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In situ measurements representing the marine atmosphere and air-sea interaction are taken at ships, buoys, stationary moorings and land-based towers, where each observation platform has structural restrictions. Air-sea fluxes are often small, and due to the limitations of the sensors, several corrections are applied. Land-based towers are convenient for long-term observations, but one critical aspect is the representativeness of marine conditions. Hence, a careful analysis of the sites and the data is necessary. Based on the concept of flux footprint, we suggest defining flux data from land-based marine micrometeorological sites in categories depending on the type of land influence:1. CAT1: Marine data representing open sea,2. CAT2: Disturbed wave field resulting in physical properties different from open sea conditions and heterogeneity of water properties in the footprint region, and3. CAT3: Mixed land-sea footprint, very heterogeneous conditions and possible active carbon production/consumption.Characterization of data would be beneficial for combined analyses using several sites in coastal and marginal seas and evaluation/comparison of properties and dynamics. Aerosol fluxes are a useful contribution to characterizing a marine micrometeorological field station; for most conditions, they change sign between land and sea sectors. Measured fluxes from the land-based marine station Ostergarnsholm are used as an example of a land-based marine site to evaluate the categories and to present an example of differences between open sea and coastal conditions. At the Ostergarnsholm site the surface drag is larger for CAT2 and CAT3 than for CAT1 when wind speed is below 10m/s. The heat and humidity fluxes show a distinctive distinguished seasonal cycle; latent heat flux is larger for CAT2 and CAT3 compared to CAT1. The flux of carbon dioxide is large from the coastal and land-sea sectors, showing a large seasonal cycle and significant variability (compared to the open sea sector). Aerosol fluxes are partly dominated by sea spray emissions comparable to those observed at other open sea conditions.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Svensson, Nina, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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A Case Study of Offshore Advection of Boundary Layer Rolls over a Stably Stratified Sea Surface
- 2017
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Ingår i: Advances in Meteorology. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1687-9309 .- 1687-9317. ; 2017
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Streaky structures of narrow (8-9 km) high wind belts have been observed from SAR images above the Baltic Sea during stably stratified conditions with offshore winds from the southern parts of Sweden. Case studies using the WRF model and in situ aircraft observations indicate that the streaks originate from boundary layer rolls generated over the convective air above Swedish mainland, also supported by visual satellite images showing the typical signature cloud streets. The simulations indicate that the rolls are advected and maintained at least 30-80 km off the coast, in agreement with the streaks observed by the SAR images. During evening when the convective conditions over land diminish, the streaky structures over the sea are still seen in the horizontal wind field; however, the vertical component is close to zero. Thus advected feature from a land surface can affect the wind field considerably for long times and over large areas in coastal regions. Although boundary layer rolls are a well-studied feature, no previous study has presented results concerning their persistence during situations with advection to a strongly stratified boundary layer. Such conditions are commonly encountered during spring in coastal regions at high latitudes.
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| 27. |
- Tengblad, Olof, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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LaBr3(Ce):LaCl3(Ce) Phoswich with pulse shape analysis for high energy gamma-ray and proton identification
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002. ; 704:0, s. 19-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel Phoswich design based on new generation scintillator crystals is presented. The detector composed from a combination of a LaBr3(Ce) with a LaCl3(Ce) crystal in one cylinder coupled to a photo multiplier tube has been tested both for incident gamma rays in the range of 0.3–6 MeV, as well as for high energy protons in the range 120–180 MeV. The Phoswich assembly has not significantly deteriorated the energy resolution, which for 662 KeV gamma rays gives a resolution of 4.5%, while for high energy protons (Ep=180 MeV) an energy resolution of 1% was obtained. It is shown that the signals from the two crystals can be separated in an event by event based mode. Using direct digitizing of the detector pulse an off-line pulse-shape analysis was performed built either on a total to tail or total to pulse height method in order to fully identify the incoming radiation. Our aim with this R&D is to in the future build a detector which is able to detect with good efficiency and resolution over a wide energy range; 0.1–30 MeV gamma rays and 20–400 MeV protons. Monte Carlo simulations made in order to design the next prototype are presented.
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| 28. |
- Uhlén, Mathias, et al.
(författare)
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A human protein atlas for normal and cancer tissues based on antibody proteomics
- 2005
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Ingår i: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. - 1535-9476 .- 1535-9484. ; 4:12, s. 1920-1932
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antibody-based proteomics provides a powerful approach for the functional study of the human proteome involving the systematic generation of protein-specific affinity reagents. We used this strategy to construct a comprehensive, antibody-based protein atlas for expression and localization profiles in 48 normal human tissues and 20 different cancers. Here we report a new publicly available database containing, in the first version, similar to 400,000 high resolution images corresponding to more than 700 antibodies toward human proteins. Each image has been annotated by a certified pathologist to provide a knowledge base for functional studies and to allow queries about protein profiles in normal and disease tissues. Our results suggest it should be possible to extend this analysis to the majority of all human proteins thus providing a valuable tool for medical and biological research.
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| 29. |
- Wang, Gang, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of chronic bronchitis and risk factors in young adults : results from BAMSE
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset. - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Chronic bronchitis is associated with substantial morbidity among elderly adults, but little is known about its prevalence and risk factors in young adults. Our aim was to assess the prevalence and early life risk factors for chronic bronchitis in young adults. METHODS: Questionnaire data and clinical measures from the 24-year follow-up of the Swedish BAMSE cohort were used. We assessed chronic bronchitis (CB) as the combination of cough and mucus production in the morning during winter. Environmental and clinical data from birth and onwards were used for analyses of risk factors. RESULTS: At the 24-year follow-up, 75% (n=3064) participants completed the questionnaire and 2030 performed spirometry. The overall prevalence of CB was 5.5% (n=158) with similar estimates in males and females. Forty-nine percent of CB cases experienced more than 3 self-reported respiratory infections in the last year compared to 18% in non-CB subjects (p<0.001), and 37% of cases were current smokers (versus 19%). Statistically significant lower post-FEV(1)/FVC were observed in CB compared to non-CB subjects (mean z-score -0.06 versus 0.13, p=0.027). Daily smoking (adjusted Odds Ratio, aOR=3.85, p<0.001), air pollution exposure (black carbon during ages 1-4 years old, aOR=1.71 per 1 μg·m(3) increase, p=0.009) and exclusive breast-feeding during four months or more (aOR=0.66, p=0.044) were associated with CB. CONCLUSION: Chronic bronchitis in young adults is associated with recurrent respiratory infections. Besides smoking, our results support role of early life exposures, such as air pollution and exclusive breast-feeding, for respiratory health later in life.
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| 30. |
- Wang, Gang, et al.
(författare)
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Early-life risk factors for reversible and irreversible airflow limitation in young adults : findings from the BAMSE birth cohort
- 2021
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Ingår i: Thorax. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0040-6376 .- 1468-3296. ; 76:5, s. 503-507
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We aimed to determine prevalence and early-life risk factors for reversible and irreversible airflow limitation in young adults from the general population. Among young adults in their 20s, the prevalence was 5.3% for reversible airflow limitation and 2.0% for irreversible airflow limitation. While parental asthma was the only risk factor for development of reversible airflow limitation, the risk factors for development of irreversible airflow limitation were current asthma, childhood respiratory tract infections and asthma, and exposure to air pollution.
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| 31. |
- Wassgren, Ann Britt, et al.
(författare)
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Pheromone related compounds in pupal and adult female pine sawflies, Neodiprion sertifer, of different age and in different parts of the body
- 1992
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Ingår i: Journal of Insect Physiology. - 0022-1910. ; 38:11, s. 885-893
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pine sawfly pheromone precursor 3,7-dimethyl-2-pentadecanol (diprionol) was quantified by gas chromatography in different body parts of virgin female Neodiprion sertifer. About one-third of the total amount (approx. 10 ng per female) was found in each of head + thorax, abdominal segments 1-3, and the remaining abdomen. Diprionol was also found in the respective parts of pupae, but in lower amounts. This suggests that at least the final steps of the pheromone biosynthesis take place in many parts of the body, possibly in the cuticle. The diprionol content remained relatively constant over the whole lifetime of virgin females. By using coupled gas chromatography-electroantennogram detection three active compounds in the acetylated female extract were observed. These corresponded to the pheromone, (2S,3S,7S)-diprionyl acetate, and its homologues with the chain shortened by one and two carbons respectively, as determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In addition, the homologue having a chain elongated by one carbon was found. The homologues occurred in amounts of 2-5% of the diprionyl acetate. When synthetic homologues were tested in the field, alone or in combination with diprionyl acetate, they were not behaviourally active to male sawflies, despite their electroantennogram activity. A threo-isomer of diprionol, most likely (2S,3R,7R), was present in the females in amounts less than 0.5% of the (2S,3S,7S)-content. The acetate of this threo-isomer is known as both synergist and inhibitor to the (2S,3S,7S)-isomer. trans-Perillenal was found in the abdominal segments 1-3 of both males and females and its possible biosynthetic relationship to diprionol is discussed.
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| 32. |
- Wassgren, A.-B., et al.
(författare)
-
Sex Pheromone of the Pine Sawfly Macrodiprion nemoralis (Hymenoptera : Diprionidae) : Identification of (2S,3R,7R,9S)-3,7,9-Trimethyl-2-tridecanol as the Precursor for the Active Pheromone Acetate
- 2000
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Ingår i: Die Naturwissenschaften. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-1042 .- 1432-1904. ; 87:1, s. 24-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The main component of the sex pheromone precursor in females of Macrodiprion nemoralis was identified as a threo-3,7,9-trimethyl-2-tridecanol isomer, approximately 800 pg per female, by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Comparison of mass spectrometric ion chromatograms showed that the natural compound in the female extract has the same retention time and mass spectrum as one of the two synthetic threo peaks. The acetate of the synthetic 16-isomer mixture caught a large number of males in the field, confirming the structure of the active pheromone. Comparison of gas chromatograms of the natural female extract with the eight synthetic threo stereoisomers showed that the pheromone is the (2S,3R,7R,9S)-stereoisomer of 3,7,9-trimethyl-2-tridecyl acetate.
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| 33. |
- Östrand, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Stereoisomeric composition of the sex pheromone of the pine sawfly Microdiprion pallipes (Hym., Diprionidae)
- 2003
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Ingår i: Chemoecology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0937-7409 .- 1423-0445. ; 13:3, s. 155-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The basic chemical structure of the sex pheromone of the pine sawfly Microdiprion pallipes (Fallen) has earlier been identified as the propionate ester of (2S,3S,7 R/S,11 R/S)/(2R,3R,7 R/S,11 R/S)-3,7,11-trimethyl-2-tridecanol. We now report the results from further investigations on the male response to individual stereoisomers and to blends of stereoisomers, both in electroantennographic (EAG) recordings and in field trapping experiments. We also present our attempts to determine the stereochemistry of the compounds present in females of M. pallipes. By comparing gas chromatograms and mass spectra obtained from natural extracts with those from synthetic compounds it was found that the females contain one or more of the four (2S,3S,7 R/S,11 R/S)-3,7,11-trimethyl-2-tridecanol isomers (SS++-1). The active pheromone component is the corresponding propionate ester 2. In EAG experiments, males responded most strongly to five propionate ester samples, namely two four-isomer blends: SS++-2 and SR++-2, and three individual stereoisomers: SSSR-, SRRR- and SRSR-2. In a series of field trapping experiments it was found that males were attracted to the SR++-2 four-isomer blend and to the individual isomer SSSR-2. Based on the EAG-recordings and field responses of males and the stereoisomers found in the females, we suggest that the propionate ester of (2S,3S,7S,11R)-3,7,11-trimethyl-2-tridecanol (SSSR-2) is used as a main component of the sex pheromone in M. pallipes. Apparently the males react to other stereoisomers in addition to that or those produced by the females.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Agholme, Lotta, et al.
(författare)
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Low-dose γ-secretase inhibition increases secretion of Aβ peptides and intracellular oligomeric Aβ.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Molecular and cellular neurosciences. - : Elsevier BV. - 1095-9327 .- 1044-7431. ; 85, s. 211-219
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- γ-Secretase inhibitors have been considered promising drug candidates against Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to their ability to reduce amyloid-β (Aβ) production. However, clinical trials have been halted due to lack of clinical efficacy and/or side effects. Recent in vitro studies suggest that low doses of γ-secretase inhibitors may instead increase Aβ production. Using a stem cell-derived human model of cortical neurons and low doses of the γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT, the effects on a variety of Aβ peptides were studied using mass spectrometry. One major focus was to develop a novel method for specific detection of oligomeric Aβ (oAβ), and this was used to study the effects of low-dose γ-secretase inhibitor treatment on intracellular oAβ accumulation. Low-dose treatment (2 and 20nM) with DAPT increased the secretion of several Aβ peptides, especially Aβx-42. Furthermore, using the novel method for oAβ detection, we found that 2nM DAPT treatment of cortical neurons resulted in increased oAβ accumulation. Thus, low dose-treatment with DAPT causes both increased production of long, aggregation-prone Aβ peptides and accumulation of intracellular Aβ oligomers, both believed to contribute to AD pathology.
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| 36. |
- Agthe, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamic growth modes of ordered arrays and mesocrystals during drop-casting of iron oxide nanocubes
- 2014
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Ingår i: CrystEngComm. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1466-8033. ; 16:8, s. 1443-1450
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The growth modes of self-assembled mesocrystals and ordered arrays from dispersions of iron oxide nanocubes with a mean edge length of 9.6 nm during controlled solvent removal have been investigated with a combination of visible light video microscopy, atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Mesocrystals with translational and orientational order of sizes up to 10 mu m are formed spontaneously during the final, diffusion-controlled, drop-casting stage when the liquid film is very thin and the particle concentration is high. Convection-driven deposition of ordered nanocube arrays at the edge of the drying droplet is a manifestation of the so called coffee-ring effect. Dendritic growth or fingering of rapidly growing arrays of ordered nanocubes could also be observed in a transition regime as the growth front moves from the initial three-phase contact line towards the centre of the original droplet.
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| 37. |
- Agthe, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Following the Assembly of Iron Oxide Nanocubes by Video Microscopy and Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation Monitoring
- 2017
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Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 33:1, s. 303-310
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have studied the growth of ordered arrays by evaporation-induced self-assembly of iron oxide nanocubes with edge lengths of 6.8 and 10.1 nm using video microscopy (VM) and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). Ex situ electron diffraction of the ordered arrays demonstrates that the crystal axes of the nanocubes are coaligned and confirms that the ordered arrays are mesocrystals. Time-resolved video microscopy shows that growth of the highly ordered arrays at slow solvent evaporation is controlled by particle diffusion and can be described by a simple growth model. The growth of each mesocrystal depends only on the number of nanoparticles within the accessible region irrespective of the relative time of formation. The mass of the dried mesocrystals estimated from the analysis of the bandwidth-shift-to-frequency-shift ratio correlates well with the total mass of the oleate-coated nanoparticles in the deposited dispersion drop.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Ahlgren, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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De stora restaureringarna : Från Uppsala domkyrka till Skokloster
- 2004
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- De stora restaureringarna har varit årets tema. Genom att dokumentera och analysera teori och praktik i några av 1800- och 1900-talets största restaureringar - från genomgripande stilrestaureringar till ett mer återhållsamt och tekniskt skonsamt synsätt. Därmed får vi också ett bättre underlag även för dagens ställningstagande.Föremål för våra studier är Uppsala domkyrka, Gripsholms slott, Vreta klosterkyrka, Gustav 11I:s paviljong i Haga, Kungapalatset i Vadstena och Skoklosters slott. Vi hoppas att denna utställning skall bidra till en kritisk hållning och en ökad kunskap om restaureringskonsten, som kvalificerad yrkesuppgift, tidsspegel för historiesyn och som gestaltningsideal.
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| 40. |
- Akhtar, Farid, et al.
(författare)
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Preparation of graded silicalite-1 substrates for all-zeolite membranes with excellent CO2/H-2 separation performance
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Membrane Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0376-7388 .- 1873-3123. ; 493, s. 206-211
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Graded silicalite-1 substrates with a high gas permeability and low surface roughness have been produced by pulsed current processing of a thin coating of a submicron silicalite-1 powder onto a powder body of coarser silicalite-1 crystals. Thin zeolite films have been hydrothermally grown onto the graded silicalite-1 support and the all-zeolite membranes display an excellent CO2/H-2 separation factor of 12 at 0 degrees C and a CO2 permeance of 21.3 x 10(-7) mol m(-2) s(-1) Pa-1 for an equimolar CO2/H-2 feed at 505 kPa and 101 kPa helium sweep gas. Thermal cracking estimates based on calculated surface energies and measured thermal expansion coefficients suggest that all-zeolite membranes with a minimal thermal expansion mismatch between the graded substrate and the zeolite film should remain crack-free during thermal cycling and the critical calcination step.
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| 41. |
- Alhamdow, Ayman, et al.
(författare)
-
Low-level exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is associated with reduced lung function among Swedish young adults
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Environmental Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0013-9351 .- 1096-0953. ; 197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been linked to adverse pulmonary effects. However, the impact of low-level environmental PAH exposure on lung function in early adulthood remains uncertain. Objectives: To evaluate the associations between urinary PAH metabolites and lung function parameters in young adults. Methods: Urinary metabolites of pyrene, phenanthrene, and fluorene were analysed in 1000 young adults from Sweden (age 22–25 years) using LC-MS/MS. Lung function and eosinophilic airway inflammation were measured by spirometry and exhaled nitric oxide fraction (FeNO), respectively. Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate associations between PAH metabolites and the outcomes. Results: Median urinary concentrations of 1-OH-pyrene, ∑OH-phenanthrene, and ∑OH-fluorene were 0.066, 0.36, 0.22 μg/L, respectively. We found inverse associations of ∑OH-phenanthrene and ∑OH-fluorene with FEV1 and FVC, as well as between 1-OH-pyrene and FEV1/FVC ratio (adjusted P < 0.05; all participants). An increase of 1% in ∑OH-fluorene was associated with a decrease of 73 mL in FEV1 and 59 mL in FVC. In addition, ∑OH-phenanthrene concentrations were, in a dose-response manner, inversely associated with FEV1 (B from −109 to −48 compared with the lowest quartile of ∑OH-phenanthrene; p trend 0.004) and FVC (B from −159 to −102 compared with lowest quartile; p-trend <0.001). Similar dose-response associations were also observed between ∑OH-fluorene and FEV1 and FVC, as well as between 1-OH-pyrene and FEV1/FVC (p-trend <0.05). There was no association between PAH exposure and FeNO, nor was there an interaction with smoking, sex, or asthma. Conclusion: Low-level PAH exposure was, in a dose-response manner, associated with reduced lung function in young adults. Our findings have public health implications due to i) the widespread occurrence of PAHs in the environment and ii) the clinical relevance of lung function in predicting all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Anerud, Erik, et al.
(författare)
-
Biopohjainen menetelmä hakeaumojen suojaamiseksi
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Bioenergia. - 2814-4910.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Metsähakekasojen suojana käytetään yleisesti fossiilipohjaista muovia. Vaikka muovi onkin hyvä suojamateriaali ja hyvää polttoainetta, muovia ei voi polttaa hakkeen seassa lämpölaitoksissa. Muovin erottelusta aiheutuu ylimääräistä työtä ja osana arvoketjua siitä aiheutuu paitsi valmistuksen päästöjä myös jätettä ja kierrätyskustannuksia.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Anerud, Erik, et al.
(författare)
-
Fuel quality and dry matter losses of stored wood chips - Influence of cover material
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Biomass and Bioenergy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0961-9534 .- 1873-2909. ; 150
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Irregular seasonal demand from heat- and combined heat and power plants means that outdoor storage of forest fuels is an inevitable step in the forest fuel supply chain. Storage of fresh comminuted biomass render substantial dry matter and energy losses. Covering can protect wood chips from rewetting, leading to a higher net calorific value and lower dry matter losses, and thus increase the amount of available energy. This study examined the combined effect of covering material on fuel quality and the amount available energy from wood chips stored in a full-scale pile. The combined changes in fuel quality and dry matter loss reduced the amount of accessible energy by 9.8% in the uncovered part, by 5.6% when covered with water proof or light semi-permeable cover materials and by 1.0% when covered with a thicker semi permeable material. Fuel quality of wood chips can be improved by covering the piles during storage but the gain is affected by the type of cover material. Seasonal storage in properly covered chip piles facilitate an increased annual utilisation of chippers and chip trucks which reduces overall biomass supply chain cost.
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| 47. |
- Anerud, Erik, et al.
(författare)
-
Fuel quality of stored spruce bark - Influence of semi-permeable covering material
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Fuel. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-2361 .- 1873-7153. ; 279
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bark is a by-product of the sawmilling and pulp industries that is produced year-round. It is mainly used as a fuel, making its storage unavoidable due to seasonal variation in energy demand. Storing bark can lead to high energy losses but can also increase its fuel quality, e.g. by reducing its moisture content (M) and increasing its net calorific value (Q). Covering wood chip stacks with semi-permeable fabric sheets can improve fuel quality and reduce dry matter losses (DML) during storage. The objective of this study was, therefore, to evaluate the effect of similar coverage during storage on the fuel quality and energy recovery of stored bark. Two bark stacks of 1000 and 1400 m(3) were established, with half of each stack being covered with a water-resistant, vapour-permeable fabric. The temperature, M, and Q were measured in each stack immediately after construction and after three and seven months of storage. Additionally, the DML, total accessible energy, and economic value of each stack were calculated at the same time points.The combined changes in fuel quality and DML reduced the amount of accessible energy by 13.7% in the uncovered parts but increased that in the covered parts by 0.6%. The economic value of the covered parts was unchanged after storage whereas that of the uncovered parts was reduced by 14%. Covering bark stacks with semi-permeable fabric during storage could thus increase the profitability of bark fuel supply chains.
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| 48. |
- Anerud, Erik, et al.
(författare)
-
Kostnadseffektiv och hållbar lagring av flisad skogsråvara och fasta biprodukter
- 2022
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Projektet syfte var att utvärdera metoder för kostnadseffektiv, hållbar och brandsäker hantering av skogsrester från skogsindustrin. Inom projektet har omfattande lagringsförsök i industriell skala genomförts från Småland till Norrbotten och försöken speglar såväl ett kust- som inlandsklimat som säsongsvariationer. Två huvudsakliga metoder för att öka lagringsbarheten har studerats; täckning, med olika typer av täckningsmaterial, samt sållning av sönderdelad biomassa. Det senare syftar till att dels höja bränslets kvalité, dels reducera mängden finfraktion i materialet. Studien har genomförts inom 7 olika arbetspaket, vilket innefattar lagringsstudier, produktions- och kostnadsstudier av sållning, kostnadsstudier av terminalhantering, materials självuppvärmningspotential, avgasning under lagring, modellering av temperaturutveckling och substansförluster samt hållbarhetsaspekter vid implementering av de olika metoderna. Sammantaget visar studierna att täckning och sållning resulterar i en avsevärt bättre lagringsbarhet. Sållning är den metod som har lett till bäst lagringsbarhet och resultaten från studierna har visat att det ekonomiska värdet på biomassan är ca 20 % högre i sållat material efter lagring jämfört med i osållat. Samtidigt visar studierna att såväl täckning som sållning leder till lägre stacktemperaturer, dvs. minskar risken för brand, och att avgasningen från stackarna minskar. Sållningen medför en kostnad motsvarande ca 10 % av det ekonomiska värdet, men siffran baseras på dieseldrivna mobila enheter. Det är högst troligt att denna kostnad är lägre för stationära sållverk som installeras i serie med befintlig sönderdelningsutrustning. I dessa fall kan el-driven utrustning nyttjas. Ökad lagringsbarhet genom sållning innebär inte enbart erhållande av ett homogenare bränsle av högre kvalitet, lägre avgasning och en energibesparing under själva lagringen. Det ger även förutsättningar för en mer kostnadseffektiv och hållbar hantering av bränslet genom hela kedjan från skog till förbränning. Implementering av en lagringsstrategi i syfte att öka lagrinsbarheten för sönderdelade bränslen kan påverka samtliga steg inom tillförselkedjan, och exempelvis ge ett jämnare maskinutnyttjande över året, lägre produktionskostnader, effektivare transporter, ökad lönsamhet för bränsleproducenterna, ökad möjlighet för anläggande av bränsleproduktionsanläggningar med stationär eldriven utrustning. Implementering av bränsleproduktionsanläggningar skulle i sin tur kunna leda till en säkrare och billigare lagring med mindre risk för självantändning, säkrare bränsleleveranser, bättre kvalitetsövervakning och ökad bränsleanpassning utifrån kundens önskemål. Därtill skulle dessa anläggningar kunna hantera flera olika typer av materialströmmar för olika ändamål och således utgöra noder/biohubbar som fördelar material mellan olika hanteringskedjor.
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| 49. |
- Anerud, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Performance of an Innovative Bio-Based Wood Chip Storage Pile Cover—Can It Replace Plastic Tarps?
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Energies. - : MDPI AG. - 1996-1073. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is currently great general interest in reducing the use of fossil-based materials. Fossil-based tarps are still widely used as cover for wood chip storage piles, causing additional waste or requiring further waste treatment in the supply chain. This study aimed to investigate the performance of an innovative bio-based wood chip pile cover compared to conventional treatments (plastic-covered and uncovered) in eastern Finnish conditions. The experiment evaluated the drying process during the storage of stemwood chips during 5.9 months of storage. It included the developments of temperature, moisture content, heating value, energy content, basic density, particle size distribution, and the dry matter losses of a total of six piles. As a result, the forest stemwood chips dried by 11%, with dry-matter losses of 4.3%, when covered with the bio-pile cover. Using the plastic covering, the forest stemwood chips dried by 22%, with dry matter losses of 2.9%. At the end of the experiment, the energy content in plastic-covered piles was 6.1% higher than uncovered piles and 3.1% higher than bio-pile-covered piles. While differences in the key drying performance parameters can be observed, the differences between uncovered piles and those covered with plastic tarps, as well as between the bio-based and the uncovered piles, were not statistically significant. We conclude that the bio-based cover, under the studied conditions, do not render better storage conditions than in current practices. However, our study indicates possible fossil-substitutional benefits by using a bio-based cover, which calls for further R&D work in this matter.
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| 50. |
- Anerud, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Sieving and covering of wood chips improves storability
- 2022
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Ingår i: Energies. - : MDPI AG. - 1996-1073. ; 18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Minimising dry matter losses during storage of comminuted forest fuels is desirable from both an economic and a sustainability perspective. This study examined fuel quality and amount of recovered energy during the storage of forest wood chips stored at full industrial scale at three locations, and the effect of sieving and covering piles with a water-resistant, vapour-permeable fabric. Sieving wood chips before storage, that is, reducing the number of fines smaller than 8 mm, reduced the cumulative dry matter losses to <2%, while cumulative dry matter losses after storage for 4-6 months using current practices, that is, unsieved and uncovered, reached 10.6%. The combined effect of storage management led to a value loss of 11.5%, while both covering and sieving led to lower losses, with the combination of sieving and covering giving a 1.3% value increase, and thus, increased storability.
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