| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Graham, N. S. N., et al.
(författare)
-
Axonal marker neurofilament light predicts long-term outcomes and progressive neurodegeneration after traumatic brain injury
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Science Translational Medicine. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 1946-6234 .- 1946-6242. ; 13:613
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Axonal injury is a key determinant of long-term outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) but has been difficult to measure clinically. Fluid biomarker assays can now sensitively quantify neuronal proteins in blood. Axonal components such as neurofilament light (NfL) potentially provide a diagnostic measure of injury. In the multicenter BIO-AX-TBI study of moderate-severe TBI, we investigated relationships between fluid biomarkers, advanced neuroimaging, and clinical outcomes. Cerebral microdialysis was used to assess biomarker concentrations in brain extracellular fluid aligned with plasma measurement. An experimental injury model was used to validate biomarkers against histopathology. Plasma NfL increased after TBI, peaking at 10 days to 6 weeks but remaining abnormal at 1 year. Concentrations were around 10 times higher early after TBI than in controls (patients with extracranial injuries). NfL concentrations correlated with diffusion MRI measures of axonal injury and predicted white matter neurodegeneration. Plasma TAU predicted early gray matter atrophy. NfL was the strongest predictor of functional outcomes at 1 year. Cerebral microdialysis showed that NfL concentrations in plasma and brain extracellular fluid were highly correlated. An experimental injury model confirmed a dose-response relationship of histopathologically defined axonal injury to plasma NfL. In conclusion, plasma NfL provides a sensitive and clinically meaningful measure of axonal injury produced by TBI. This reflects the extent of underlying damage, validated using advanced MRI, cerebral microdialysis, and an experimental model. The results support the incorporation of NfL sampling subacutely after injury into clinical practice to assist with the diagnosis of axonal injury and to improve prognostication.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Graham, N., et al.
(författare)
-
Alzheimer's disease marker phospho-tau181 is not elevated in the first year after moderate-to-severe TBI
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. - 0022-3050. ; 95:4, s. 356-359
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with the tauopathies Alzheimer's disease and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Advanced immunoassays show significant elevations in plasma total tau (t-tau) early post-TBI, but concentrations subsequently normalise rapidly. Tau phosphorylated at serine-181 (p-tau181) is a well-validated Alzheimer's disease marker that could potentially seed progressive neurodegeneration. We tested whether post-traumatic p-tau181 concentrations are elevated and relate to progressive brain atrophy.MethodsPlasma p-tau181 and other post-traumatic biomarkers, including total-tau (t-tau), neurofilament light (NfL), ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), were assessed after moderate-to-severe TBI in the BIO-AX-TBI cohort (first sample mean 2.7 days, second sample within 10 days, then 6 weeks, 6 months and 12 months, n=42). Brain atrophy rates were assessed in aligned serial MRI (n=40). Concentrations were compared patients with and without Alzheimer's disease, with healthy controls.ResultsPlasma p-tau181 concentrations were significantly raised in patients with Alzheimer's disease but not after TBI, where concentrations were non-elevated, and remained stable over one year. P-tau181 after TBI was not predictive of brain atrophy rates in either grey or white matter. In contrast, substantial trauma-associated elevations in t-tau, NfL, GFAP and UCH-L1 were seen, with concentrations of NfL and t-tau predictive of brain atrophy rates.ConclusionsPlasma p-tau181 is not significantly elevated during the first year after moderate-to-severe TBI and levels do not relate to neuroimaging measures of neurodegeneration.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Ferrari, S, et al.
(författare)
-
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with high-dose ifosfamide, high-dose methotrexate, cisplatin, and doxorubicin for patients with localized osteosarcoma of the extremity: A joint study by the Italian and Scandinavian Sarcoma Groups
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Oncology. - 1527-7755. ; 23:34, s. 8845-8852
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose To explore the effect of high-dose ifosfamide in first-line treatment for patients <= 40 years of age with nonmetastatic osteosarcoma of the extremity. Patients and Methods From March 1997 to September 2000, 182 patients were evaluated. Primary treatment consisted of two blocks of high-dose ifosfamide (15 g/m(2)), methotrexate (12 g/m(2)), cisplatin (120 mg/m(2)), and doxorubicin (75 mg/m(2)). Postoperatively, patients received two cycles of doxorubicin (go mg/m(2)), and three cycles each of high-dose ifosfamide, methotrexate, and cisplatin (120 to 150 mg/m(2)). Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor support was mandatory after the high-dose ifosfamide/cisplatin/doxorubicin combination. Results No disease progression was recorded during primary chemotherapy, 164 patients (92%) underwent limb-salvage surgery, four patients (2%) underwent rotation plasty, and 11 patients (6%) had limbs amputated. Three (1.6%) patients died as a result of treatment-related toxicity, and one died as a result of pulmonary embolism after pathologic fracture. Grade 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia followed 52% and 31% of all courses, respectively, and mild to severe nephrotoxicity was recorded in 19 patients (10%). The median received dose-intensity compared with protocol was 0.82. With a median follow-up of 55 months, the 5-year probability of event-free survival was 64% (95% CI 57% to 71%) and overall survival was 77% (95% CI 67% to 81%), whereas seven patients (4%) experienced local recurrence. Conclusion The addition of high-dose ifosfamide to methotrexate, cisplatin, and doxorubicin in the preoperative phase is feasible, but with major renal and hematologic toxicities, and survival rates similar to those obtained with four-drug regimens using standard-dose ifosfamide. Italian Sarcoma Group/Scandinavian Sarcoma Group study I showed that in a multicenter setting, more than 90% of patients with osteosarcoma of the extremity can undergo conservative surgery.
|
|
| 9. |
- Park, Seung Hyun, et al.
(författare)
-
Nonpharmaceutical interventions reduce the incidence and mortality of COVID-19: A study based on the survey from the International COVID-19 Research Network (ICRN)
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Medical Virology. - : WILEY. - 0146-6615 .- 1096-9071. ; 95:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The recently emerged novel coronavirus, "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)," caused a highly contagious disease called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It has severely damaged the worlds most developed countries and has turned into a major threat for low- and middle-income countries. Since its emergence in late 2019, medical interventions have been substantial, and most countries relied on public health measures collectively known as nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). We aimed to centralize the accumulative knowledge of NPIs against COVID-19 for each country under one worldwide consortium. International COVID-19 Research Network collaborators developed a cross-sectional online survey to assess the implications of NPIs and sanitary supply on the incidence and mortality of COVID-19. The survey was conducted between January 1 and February 1, 2021, and participants from 92 countries/territories completed it. The association between NPIs, sanitation supplies, and incidence and mortality were examined by multivariate regression, with the log-transformed value of population as an offset value. The majority of countries/territories applied several preventive strategies, including social distancing (100.0%), quarantine (100.0%), isolation (98.9%), and school closure (97.8%). Individual-level preventive measures such as personal hygiene (100.0%) and wearing facial masks (94.6% at hospitals; 93.5% at mass transportation; 91.3% in mass gathering facilities) were also frequently applied. Quarantine at a designated place was negatively associated with incidence and mortality compared to home quarantine. Isolation at a designated place was also associated with reduced mortality compared to home isolation. Recommendations to use sanitizer for personal hygiene reduced incidence compared to the recommendation to use soap. Deprivation of masks was associated with increased incidence. Higher incidence and mortality were found in countries/territories with higher economic levels. Mask deprivation was pervasive regardless of economic level. NPIs against COVID-19 such as using sanitizer, quarantine, and isolation can decrease the incidence and mortality of COVID-19.
|
|
| 10. |
- Bernini, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Cerebral Metabolic Dysfunction at the Acute Phase of Traumatic Brain Injury Correlates with Long-Term Tissue Loss
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Neurotrauma. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 0897-7151 .- 1557-9042. ; 40:5-6, s. 472-481
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Following traumatic brain injury (TBI), cerebral metabolic dysfunction, characterized by an elevated cerebral microdialysis (CMD) lactate/pyruvate (LP) ratio, is associated with poor outcome. However, the exact pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this association are not entirely established. In this pre-planned analysis of the BIOmarkers of AXonal injury after Traumatic Brain Injury (BIO-AX-TBI) prospective study, we investigated any associations of LP ratio with brain structure volume change rates at 1 year. Fourteen subjects underwent acute-phase (0-96 h post-TBI) CMD monitoring and had longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) quantification of brain volume loss between the subacute phase (14 days to 6 weeks) and 1 year after TBI, recalculated as an annual rate. On average, CMD showed an elevated (>25) LP ratio (31 [interquartile range (IQR) 24-34]), indicating acute cerebral metabolic dysfunction. Annualized whole brain and total gray matter (GM) volume change rates were abnormally reduced (-3.2% [-9.3 to -2.2] and -1.9% [-4.4 to 1.7], respectively). Reduced annualized total GM volume correlated significantly with elevated CMD LP ratio (Spearman's rho = -0.68, p-value = 0.01) and low CMD glucose (rho = 0.66, p-value = 0.01). After adjusting for age, admission Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score and CT Marshall score, CMD LP ratio remained strongly associated with 1-year total GM volume change rate (p < 0.001; multi-variable analysis). No relationship was found between WM volume changes and CMD metabolites. We demonstrate a strong association between acute post-traumatic cerebral metabolic dysfunction and 1-year gray matter atrophy, reinforcing the role of CMD LP ratio as an early biomarker of poor long-term recovery after TBI.
|
|
| 11. |
- Ericson, Marten, et al.
(författare)
-
Architecture landscape
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Towards Sustainable and Trustworthy 6G: Challenges, Enablers, and Architectural Design. - 9781638282396 ; , s. 11-39
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The network architecture evolution journey will carry on in the years ahead, driving a large scale adoption of 5th Generation (5G) and 5G-Advanced use cases with significantly decreased deployment and operational costs, and enabling new and innovative use-case-driven solutions towards 6th Generation (6G) with higher economic and societal values. The goal of this chapter, thus, is to present the envisioned societal impact, use cases and the End-to-End (E2E) 6G architecture. The E2E 6G architecture includes summarization of the various technical enablers as well as the system and functional views of the architecture.
|
|
| 12. |
- Gomez, German E., et al.
(författare)
-
Two Sets of Metal Organic Frameworks along the Lanthanide Series Constructed by 2,3-Dimethylsuccinate: Structures, Topologies, and Strong Emission without Ligand Sensitization
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Crystal Growth & Design. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1528-7483 .- 1528-7505. ; 13:12, s. 5249-5260
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reactions in aqueous solution under hydrothermal conditions between (+/-)-2,3-dimethylsuccinic acid and lanthanide chlorides lead to two different isostructural types with chemical formulas [Ln(2)(C6H8O4)(3)(H2O)(2)] Ln(III) = Pr-Eu (except Pm) (Type I, compounds 1-4) and [Ln(2)(C6H8O4)(3)] Ln(III) = Tb-Yb (except Tm) (Type II, compounds 5-9). The crystal structure has been solved for the Pr (1)-, Sm (3)-, and Ho (7)-containing compounds by means of single-crystal XRD methods, whereas powder XRD Rietveld refinement was used for the rest of the MOFs. Compounds 1-4 crystallize in the triclinic space group P (1) over bar, whereas compounds 5-9 belong to the tetragonal space group P(4)2(1)2. Type I and II compounds are 3D frameworks consisting of chains of [LnO(8)(H2O)] or [LnO(8)] polyhedra, respectively, linked by dimethylsuccinate anions, giving rise to (IO2)-O-1 connectivity. All the compounds were characterized by X-ray diffraction, variable-temperature Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermal analysis. An exhaustive topological study was performed in comparison with other related compounds. The photoluminescent (PL) properties for compounds 3, 4, and 5 have been also explored, indicating that a metal-centered luminescent process takes place.
|
|
| 13. |
- Graham, Neil Samuel Nyholm, et al.
(författare)
-
Multicentre longitudinal study of fluid and neuroimaging BIOmarkers of AXonal injury after traumatic brain injury: the BIO-AX-TBI study protocol.
- 2020
-
Ingår i: BMJ open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 10:11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often results in persistent disability, due particularly to cognitive impairments. Outcomes remain difficult to predict but appear to relate to axonal injury. Several new approaches involving fluid and neuroimaging biomarkers show promise to sensitively quantify axonal injury. By assessing these longitudinally in a large cohort, we aim both to improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of TBI, and provide better tools to predict clinical outcome.BIOmarkers of AXonal injury after TBI is a prospective longitudinal study of fluid and neuroimaging biomarkers of axonal injury after moderate-to-severe TBI, currently being conducted across multiple European centres. We will provide a detailed characterisation of axonal injury after TBI, using fluid (such as plasma/microdialysate neurofilament light) and neuroimaging biomarkers (including diffusion tensor MRI), which will then be related to detailed clinical, cognitive and functional outcome measures. We aim to recruit at least 250 patients, including 40 with cerebral microdialysis performed, with serial assessments performed twice in the first 10 days after injury, subacutely at 10 days to 6weeks, at 6 and 12 months after injury.The relevant ethical approvals have been granted by the following ethics committees: in London, by the Camberwell St Giles Research Ethics Committee; in Policlinico (Milan), by the Comitato Etico Milano Area 2; in Niguarda (Milan), by the Comitato Etico Milano Area 3; in Careggi (Florence), by the Comitato Etico Regionale per la Sperimentazione Clinica della Regione Toscana, Sezione area vasta centro; in Trento, by the Trento Comitato Etico per le Sperimentazioni Cliniche, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari della Provincia autonoma di Trento; in Lausanne, by the Commission cantonale d'éthique de la recherche sur l'être humain; in Ljubljana, by the National Medical Ethics Committee at the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Slovenia. The study findings will be disseminated to patients, healthcare professionals, academics and policy-makers including through presentation at conferences and peer-reviewed publications. Data will be shared with approved researchers to provide further insights for patient benefit.NCT03534154.
|
|
| 14. |
- Provino, Alessia, et al.
(författare)
-
Stability, Crystal Chemistry, and Magnetism of U2+xN21-xB6 and Nb3-yNi20+yB6 and the Role of Uranium in the Formation of the Quaternary U2-zNbzNi21B6 and U delta Nb3-delta Ni20B6 Systems
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Inorganic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0020-1669 .- 1520-510X. ; 58:22, s. 15045-15059
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated the U-Ni-B and Nb-Ni-B systems to search for possible new heavy fermion compounds and superconducting materials. The formation, crystal chemistry, and physical properties of U2Ni21B6 and Nb3-yNi20+yB6 [ternary derivatives of the cubic Cr23C6-type (cF116, Fm3m)] have been studied; the formation of the hypothetical U3Ni20B6 and Nb2Ni21B6 has been disproved. U2Ni21B6 [a = 10.6701(2) angstrom] crystallizes in the ordered W2Cr21C6-type, whereas Nb3-yNi20+yB6 [a = 10.5842(1) angstrom] adopts the Mg3Ni20B6-type. Ni in U2Ni21B6 can be substituted by U, leading to the solid solution U2-xNi21+yB6 (0 <= x <= 0.3); oppositely, Nb in Nb3Ni20B6 is partially replaced by Ni, forming the solution Nb3-yNi20+yB6 (0 <= y <= 0.5), none of them reaching the limit corresponding to the hypothetically ordered U3Ni20B6 and Nb2Ni21B6. These results prompted us to investigate quaternary compounds U2-zNbzNi21B6 and U6Nb3-delta Ni20B6: strong competition in the occupancy of the 4a and 8c sites by U, Nb, and Ni atoms has been observed, with the 4a site occupied by U/Ni atoms only and the 8c site filled by U/Nb atoms only. U2Ni21B6, U2.3Ni20.7B6, and Nb3Ni20B6 are Pauli paramagnets. Interestingly, Nb2.5Ni20.5B6 shows ferromagnetism with T-c approximate to 11 K; the Curie-Weiss fit gives an effective magnetic moment of 2.78 mu(B)/Ni, suggesting that all Ni atoms in the formula unit contribute to the total magnetic moment. The M(H) data at 2 K further corroborate the ferromagnetic behavior with a saturation moment of 10 mu(B)/fu (approximate to 0.49 mu(B)/Ni). The magnetic moment of Ni at the 4a site induces a moment in all of the Ni atoms of the whole unit cell (32f and 48h sites), with all atoms ordering ferromagnetically at 11 K. Density functional theory (DFT) shows that the formation of U2Ni21B6 and Nb3Ni20B6 is energetically preferred. The various electronic states generating ferromagnetism on Nb2.5Ni20.5B6 and Pauli paramagnetism on U2Ni21B6 and Nb3Ni20B6 have been identified.
|
|
