| 1. |
- Andersson, Birger, et al.
(författare)
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Analyzing Loosely Structured Business Processes Using a Minimal Software Prototype
- 2005
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Ingår i: Khosrow-Pour, M. (ed): Managing Modern Organization with Information Technology, IRMA 2005 Proceedings, International Conference, San Diego, California, USA, May 15-18, 2005, Information Resources Management Association, Idea Group Publishing.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Birger, et al.
(författare)
-
Business Process Support as a Basis for Computerized Knowledge Management
- 2005
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Ingår i: Professional Knowledge Management. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer. ; , s. 542-553
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the major factors behind the less successful implementations of computerized knowledge management systems (KMS) is lack of motivation to use such a system on behalf of the end-users. The authors argue that to create such a motivation, i.e., achieve usability, a computerized KMS should be integrated with a business process support (BPS) system and provide three main functionalities: (1) provision of context, (2) automatic gathering of experience-based knowledge, and (3) an active generalized knowledge base. For creating such an integrated KMS/BPS, the authors suggest to use a state-oriented view on business processes. The paper describes a version of a system built according to this view. The system fully implements the first two functionalities, the third one being under development. The system was operationally tested internally, and it is currently installed at a pilot site. Research work in progress includes creating a formal language for representing an active generalized knowledge base, and investigating the impact of the introduction of an integrated KMS/BPS on the pilot organization.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Birger, et al.
(författare)
-
Computerized Knowledge Management. What is needed to motivate the user?
- 2005
-
Ingår i: In: Althoff K.-D., Dengel A., Bergmann R., Nick M. and Roth-Berghofer T: Wissensmanagement 2005 (WM 2005): Professional Knowledge Management – Experiences and Visions, Contributions to the 3rd Conference Professional Knowledge Management - Experiences and Visions, April 10-13, 2005, Kaiserslautern, Germany, DFKI, 2005, pp. 451-456.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Birger, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
-
Towards a formal definition of goal-oriented business process patterns
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Business Process Management Journal. - : Emerald Group Publishing. - 1463-7154 .- 1758-4116. ; 11:6, s. 650-662
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – Organizations of today are becoming ever more focused on their business processes. This has resulted in an increasing interest in using best practices for business process re-engineering. Two problems arise in connection to using best practices: how to find a best practice that suits particular purposes, and how to ensure that the process from the best practice has the same nature as the process under re-engineering. The purpose of this paper is to address these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The paper suggests using business process patterns, i.e. relatively high level business process models, for making near formal comparison of business processes. The paper analyzes widespread modeling techniques to find out which of them suits the task of building patterns for comparison. Based on this analysis, the state-flow modeling technique is chosen and first steps towards formal definition of business process patterns based on this technique are suggested. Findings – A pattern is defined based on the notions of state space, goal, as a surface in the state space, and valid movements towards the goal. A thinkable procedure of constructing patterns is demonstrated on two real-life examples. A hypothetical procedure for comparing process is suggested but it still needs to be verified in practice. Originality/value – The originality of the paper is the way the patterns are formulated and the underlying model, the state-flow view of processes, upon which the patterns are founded.
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| 5. |
- Bednar, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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A Socio-technical toolbox for business systems analysis and design
- 2015
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Ingår i: Conference Proceedings. - 1613-0073. ; 1374, s. 29-31
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper provides an overview of a socio-technical toolbox (STT) based on a combination of methods from a number of contemporary socio-technical (ST) methodologies. The STT supports a pragmatic ST approach to organizational change practice and job redesign. It has been developed and used in practice in many different types of organizations over a period of many years. The use in practice of STT supports constructive learning and develops critical analysis skills of the students who will be future systems analysts or designers. It also improves companies' understanding of their job practices and enhances their learning about their business sustainability. Our findings show that these experiences of improvements are not dependent on the sector or the size of the involved companies and confirm the perceived usefulness and relevance of ST analysis in practice.
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| 6. |
- Bednar, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Selected Topics on Socio-technical Perspective in Information Systems : Editorial Introduction to Issue 18 of CSIMQ
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Complex Systems Informatics and Modeling Quarterly (CSIMQ). - : Riga Technical University. - 2255-9922. ; :18, s. I-II
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thematic issue of the Complex Systems Informatics and Modeling Quarterly journal is dedicated to using a socio-technical perspective in the Information Systems (IS) field. It contains a selection of extended papers presented at STPIS'18 – 4th International Workshop on Socio-Technical Perspective in IS Development held on June 12, 2018 in Tallinn, Estonia. The articles presented in this thematic issue contain at least 30% new material compared to the initial papers. After the extension, all articles went through two rounds of reviews to ensure the quality of the papers published in this issue. STPIS papers cover both theoretical and practical aspects of using a socio-technical perspective in IS, which is reflected in the current issue that contains both theoretically and practically oriented papers.
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| 7. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
-
A fractal enterprise model and its application for business development
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Software and Systems Modeling. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1619-1366 .- 1619-1374. ; 16:3, s. 663-689
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper suggests a new type of enterprise models called fractal enterprise models (FEM), with accompanying methodological support for their design. FEM shows interconnections between the business processes in an enterprise by connecting them to the assets they use and manage. Assets considered in the model could be tangible (buildings, heavy machinery, etc.) and intangible (employees, business process definitions, etc.). A FEM model is built by using two types of patterns called archetypes: a process-assets archetype that connects a process with assets used in it, and an asset-processes archetype that connects an asset with processes aimed to manage this asset (e.g., hiring people, or servicing machinery). Alternating these patterns creates a fractal structure that makes relationships between various parts of the enterprise explicit. FEM can be used for different purposes, including finding a majority of the processes in an enterprise and planning business change or radical transformation. Besides discussing FEM and areas of its usage, the paper presents results from a completed project in order to test the practical usefulness of FEM and its related methodological support.
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| 8. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
-
A Framework for Synchronizing Human Behavior, Processes and Support Systems Using a Socio-technical Approach
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Enterprise, Business-Process and Information Systems Modeling. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783662437445 - 9783662437452 ; , s. 109-123
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper suggests a framework for achieving alignment between a process and its external and internal environment. The framework consists of two components. The first component concerns alignment between the process and its external environment - business environment in which the process functions or is to function. The second component concerns alignment between the process and its internal environment the most important part of which are people participating in the process. The second component, which is in the focus of the paper, is based on the socio-technical view on information systems. The framework is aimed to move the focus of business process reengineering/ improvement from local optimization through the use of technology to the needs of satisfying business goals, and fostering human capital that is needed to achieve them.
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| 9. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
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A strategy for merging social software with business process support
- 2011
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Ingår i: Business Process Management Workshops, BPM 2010. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Contemporary social software and business process support systems utilize different architectural principals. While social software employs the idea of shared spaces for communication/collaboration, most of the contemporary business process support systems employ a workflow engine to coordinate the work of people engaged in the given business process. There are two alternatives when developing a system that provides business process support enhanced with properties of social software. One alternative is to create a mixed shared spaces/workflow architecture. The other alternative is to find a way of both type of systems using the same architectural principle, either shared spaces, or workflow, before trying to merge the two types of systems into one. The paper explores the second alternative, namely, first, moving business process support to the shared spaces architecture, and then adding features typical for social software. The paper discusses the role of shared spaces in business process support systems, sets requirements on their structure and usage, and outlines potential benefits of using shared spaces from the business point of view. Then, the paper shows how the requirements set on the structure and usage of the shared spaces can be implemented in practice, and how typical features such as blogs/forums found in social
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| 10. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
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Activation of knowledge in an integrated business Process Support/Knowledge Management System
- 2006
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Ingår i: Practical Aspects of Knowledge Management, Proceedings. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 9783540499985 ; , s. 13-24
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper is devoted to the issue of activation of knowledge in automated Knowledge Management Systems (KMS). According to the authors, activation of knowledge means that a system, based on the knowledge stored in it, automatically suggests a solution appropriate for a task at hand and/or guards against the user invoking inappropriate solutions. The paper discusses activation of knowledge, first, in general, and then, in a more specific manner, while applying general concepts to an integrated Business Process Support and Knowledge Management System (BPS/KMS) that is based on the state-oriented view on business processes. Activation of knowledge in such a system is done through rules of planning. The paper presents a classification of such rules, which is based on deontic logic concepts, and shows how rules of different categories can be used for activation of knowledge. The discussion is illustrated by an example already implemented in a working system. Some details of the current implementation of rules of planning are also presented in the paper.
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| 11. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
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Adaptive Case Management as a Process of Construction of and Movement in a State Space
- 2013
-
Ingår i: On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems: OTM 2013 Workshops. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783642410321 - 9783642410338 ; , s. 155-165
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite having a number of years of experience, adaptive case management (ACM) still does not have a theory that would differentiate it from other paradigms of business process management and support. The known attempts to formalize Case Management do not seem to help much in creating an approach that could be useful in practice. This paper suggests an approach to building such a theory based on generalization of what is used in practice on one hand and the state-oriented view on business processes on the other. In practice, ACM systems use a number of ready-made templates that are picked up and filled as necessary for the case. State-oriented view considers a process instance/case as a point moving in a specially constructed state space. This paper suggests considering a case template as a definition of a sub-space and piking different template on the fly as constructing the state space along with moving in it when filling the template. The result is similar to what in control-flow based theories are considered as a state space with variable numbers of dimensions. Beside suggestions to building a theory, the paper demonstrates the usage of the theory on an example.
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| 12. |
- Bider, Ilia
(författare)
-
Adequacy of business process modelling approaches
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Handbook of research on complex dynamic process management. - Hershey, PA : Business Science Reference. - 9781605666693 - 9781605666709
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 13. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
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Agile business process development : why, how and when — applying Nonaka’s theory of knowledge transformation to business process development
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Information Systems and E-Business Management. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1617-9846 .- 1617-9854. ; 14:4, s. 693-731
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The traditional way of business process development is via creating a detailed model of a business process in question, acquiring an IT-system to support it, and then implementing it in the organizational practice. Acquiring a system can be done via designing and manufacturing it by the business itself, or via commissioning it to somebody else. Alternatively, a generic system can be bought and configured according to the business process model created. The traditional approach has a number of risks that become visible only during the latest phase of introducing the system in the organizational practice, e.g., when it becomes clear that the system does not fit the business and/or people who work in it. These risks could be mitigated by using an agile approach to the development of business processes. In agile approach: (a) the phases of process modeling, IT-system design, and manufacturing are merged into one, and (b) instead of using one big cycle, a series of smaller development cycles is used. The paper discusses what is needed to implement the agile approach, and in which business situations the agile approach is the most appropriate. Examples of tools to support agile development are presented and analyzed. The results presented in the paper have been achieved based on the knowledge transformation perspective along the lines suggested by Nonaka in SECI model. The modification of this model has been used to understand the risks and requirements connected to a particular process development strategy.
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| 14. |
- Bider, Ilia
(författare)
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Agile Research in Information Systems Field : Analysis from Knowledge Transformation Perspective
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 8th IADIS International Conference on Information Systems 2015. - : IADIS Press. - 9789898533333 ; , s. 3-10
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to the relative success of agile methods in software development, the idea of having agile processes started to be tested in other areas, for example, agile business process development. This trend already reached the research community and there have appeared some materials that suggest using agility in research projects. Analysis of these suggestions, however, shows that they do not go beyond finding superficial analogy between the concepts of the software development and research projects. The paper presents a deeper analysis of the concept of agile research in Information Systems (IS) based on the analysis of the research projects from the knowledge transformation perspective. As a basis for analysis, the SECI model of Nonaka is used. Based on this analysis, several suggestions are made on how to conduct agile research in IS, e.g. prioritize relevance over vigor, test early for a practical purpose, use own experience and reflections, etc. It is also shown that some research types, like action research and design science, are more suitable for conducting agile research than others. The paper also gives analysis of risks of non-agile research, and presents an example where they are revealed.
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| 15. |
- Bider, Ilia
(författare)
-
Analysis of Agile Software Development from the Knowledge Transformation Perspective
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Perspectives in business informatics research. - Berlin : Springer. - 9783319113692 ; , s. 143-157
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- While the Agile Software Development (ASD) has been successfully promoted in the last 15 years, there is no agreement on how to determine whether a particular project is agile or not. Some practitioners consider agility as strict usage of a specific methodology, e.g. SCRUM, others consider agility as adhering to Agile Manifesto. The lack of common view on ASD prevents creating common guidelines on when the usage of ASD is appropriate. This paper presents a model of ASD that helps to differentiate it from the traditional, phase-based development, and more strictly defines the area of its applicability. The model has been built based on the knowledge transformation perspective, as the author considers it to be the most differentiating perspective when comparing ASD to traditional software development. For building the model, the ideas from SECI model of Nonaka have been exploited. The results, in the form of requirements to be fulfilled for successful employment of ASD, are demonstrated through analysis of completed ASD projects.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
-
Balancing Agility with Stability : Systemic View on Business Processes
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Beyond Alignment. - : College Publications. - 9781848901162 ; , s. 413-438
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- On the first glance, the concept of enterprise/business agility and business process management (BPM) seems to be in conflict. Enterprise/business agility means the an enterprise’s ability to react on changes in the surrounding business world as well as discover new opportunities constantly appearing in the market for launching new products and services. BPM is, normally, considered as a tool for achieving high efficiency through standardization, specialization, and automation. By taking a systemic view on business processes this paper shows that BPM can serve as a way of achieving agility rather than being a barrier to it. The presented systemic view on business processes is based on an enterprise model consisting of three layerstypes of components: an assets, a sensors and a business process instances layer. These components of this model can be recursively decomposed, which allows for different levels of details when modeling an enterprise. The paper shows how the Assets-Sensors-Processes three-layered model can be used for finding new ways of achieving enterprise/business agility, e.g., through cross-manning of business processes. It also discusses changes that need to be introduced in the contemporary theory and practice of BPM in order to make BPM a tool for achieving agility as well as the role that Systems Thinking should play in achieving this goal.
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| 18. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
-
Becoming Agile in a Non-disruptive Way : Is It Possible?
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems. - : SciTePress. - 9789897581878 ; , s. 294-305
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to the increasing popularity of Agile Software Development (ASD), more software development teams are planning to transit to ASD. As ASD substantially differs from the traditional Software Development (TSD), there are a number of issues and challenges that needs to be overcome when transiting to ASD. One of the most difficult challenges here is acquiring an agile “mindset”. The question arises whether it is possible to acquire this mindset with the minimum disruption of an already established TSD process. The paper tries to answer this question by developing a non-disruptive method of transition to ASD, while using a knowledge transformation perspective to identify the main features of ASD mindset and how it differs from the one of TSD. To map the current mindset and plan the movement to the mindset that is more agile, the paper suggests using a process modelling technique that considers the development process as a socio-technical system with components that correspond to the pha ses of the development process. The method suggested in the paper has been designed in connection to a business case of a development team interested to transit to agility in a non-disruptive manner.
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| 19. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
-
Building a High-Level Process Model for Soliciting Requirements on Software Tools to Support Software Development : Experience Report
- 2013
-
Ingår i: PoEM Short Papers. ; , s. 70-82
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Use of software tools to support business processes is both a possibility and necessity for both large and small enterprises of today. Given the variety of tools on the market, the question of how to choose the right tools for the process in question or analyze the suitability of the tools already employed arises. The paper presents an experience report of using a high-level business process model for analyzing software tools suitability at a large ICT organization that recently transitioned to scrum-based project methodology of software development. The paper gives overview of the modeling method used, describes the organizational context, presents a model built, and discusses preliminary findings based on the analysis of the model.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Bider, Ilia
(författare)
-
Business Process Canvas and its Usage in IS Teaching And Learning : Tutorial
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 12th IADIS International Conference Information Systems 2019. - : IADIS Press. - 9789898533876 ; , s. xiv-xvi
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The tutorial introduces a new type of canvas called Business Process Canvas (BPC), and discusses experience of its usage in an IS course related to Business Process Modeling/Management (BPM). BPC represents a model of a business process in a nutshell that covers the most important aspects of the process, including its place in the organization, resources that it uses, and how it is driven. The canvas could be used in practice for decision making on a higher level when particular details are not important for the decision. It can also be used by process mapping experts for a pre-modeling phase to gather and systematize basic data about the process before diving into details; this could be especially useful for new, less experience process modelers. However, the primary motivation behind the development of BPC was to have a tool that facilitates both the students' understanding of the concepts related to BPM and their learning of how to model a process given a text description, or interviewing people engaged in the process. The tutorial introduces the structure of the canvas, discusses the experience of its usage, and devotes some time for exercises where the participants fill the canvas based on process descriptions.
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| 22. |
- Bider, Ilia
(författare)
-
Can the systems perspective help in attaining success in software engineering projects? Inquiry into the area of applicability for agile software development
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Software Engineering in the Systems Context. - London : College Publications. - 1848901763 ; , s. 423-466
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The paper is devoted to finding out whether employing the systems perspective can help in converting the tacit knowledge of expert software engineers into an explicit form to be transferred to novices and non-technical stakeholders of the software projects. It suggests a simple framework, dubbed SPC, that is based on distinguishing three interconnected systems involved in a software development projects: the software itself (S), the software project (P), and the context in which the software is or to be deployed (C). The usefulness of the framework is demonstrated on using SPC for determining the area of applicability of the agile software development. This is accomplished by building models of traditional and agile software development projects and analyzing the properties of these models. The models are built based on the knowledge transformation perspective, as the author considers it to be the most differentiating perspective between the agile and traditional software development. For building the models, the ideas from SECI model of Nonaka have been used. In addition, the paper presents some ideas on how the SPC framework can be used for analyzing other issues related to software development.
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| 23. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
-
CBILE - A Case-Based Immersive Learning Environment
- 2018
-
Ingår i: 2018 IEEE 22nd International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 9781538641415 ; , s. 200-203
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- CBILE is an immersive environment that supports Apprenticeship Simulation (AS) - a method for teaching/learning modeling skills in university education. AS is aimed at the students acquiring not only explicitly defined syntax and semantics of modeling languages, but also skills of analyzing various types of sources for obtaining information to build a model. AS is a kind of case-based learning that presents a case to the students using multimedia sources, such as recorded interviews and web-based sources. CBILE integrates all sources, simulated as well as real, to be used in the case in one place and connects them to the project tasks. The environment uses WordPress as an underlying platform for both integration and simulation of web sources.
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| 24. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
-
Challenges in Assessing Parameters of a Socio-Technical System
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of STPIS 2017. - : CEUR-WS.org. ; , s. 98-105
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper is an investigation of challenges in assessing parameters of a socio-technical system. The investigation is carried out using an augmented socio-technical matrix the quadrants of which represent culture, type of structure, methods/technique and type of technology. Investigation concerns a specific kind of matrixes developed for the purpose of achieving the right level of flexibility for a business process. The paper lists the challenges that need to be addressed when assessing parameters of a socio-technical system and suggests ways of dealing with them. Conclusion includes some generalization and plans for the future.
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| 25. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
-
Context is King : an Enterprise Model that Connects the Internal Structure with the Business Environment
- 2021
-
Ingår i: International Workshop on Enterprise Distributed Object Computing, EDOCW. - : IEEE. - 9781665444880 ; , s. 333-336
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- If an Enterprise Model is to be used in the strategic decision-making, it should represent the connections between the elements of internal structure, like processes, machines, people, and the elements of the business environment, like market segments, competitors, regulators. The paper presents and discusses a modeling technique - Fractal Enterprise Model (FEM) - that allows to represent such connections, and a computerized toolkit - FEM toolkit - that supports the modeling process. The presentation is done based on a running example. The attendees will learn about an innovative presentation of a business environment in an enterprise model.
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| 26. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
-
Creating Self-managed Cross-Professional Teams with Metaphoric Business Process Support Systems
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Enterprise, Business-Process and Information Systems Modeling. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319192369 - 9783319192376 ; , s. 19-33
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The typical values that can be obtained by employing a business process support (BPS) system are optimization, compliance to rules and regulations, leanness, etc. These are obtained by introducing a kind of “conveyor belt” in business processes. While these values can be important for some processes at some phases of the enterprise development, they can be counter-productive for other processes and other phases. This idea paper investigates a possibility of obtaining completely different value from a BPS system, namely it serving as a means of creating self-managed/self-directed cross-professional teams of process participants. The paper suggests using visualized folk and fairy tales and interactive game technology as a basis for building BPS systems that can bring this value. The discussion is done based on the example of representing a consultative sales process using a treasure hunting plot.
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| 27. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
-
Defining Transformational Patterns for Business Model Innovation
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Perspectives in Business Informatics Research. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319999500 - 9783319999517 ; , s. 81-95
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pace of changes in the business environment in which a modern enterprise operates requires the enterprise to constantly review its business models in order to survive and prosper in the dynamic world. This exploratory study investigates how to help the enterprise to innovate their business models based on the concepts of fractal enterprise model and transformational patterns. The paper suggests an approach to Business Model Innovation (BMI) where the focus is on transformational patterns. It discusses the structure of such patterns, and based on examples, it presents an approach on how such patterns can be derived from cases of completed business transformations.
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| 28. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
-
Design science in action : developing a modeling technique for eliciting requirements on business process management (BPM) tools
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Software and Systems Modeling. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1619-1366 .- 1619-1374. ; 14:3, s. 1159-1188
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Selecting a suitable business process management (BPM) tool to build a business process support system for a particular business process is difficult. There are a number of BPM tools on the market that are available as systems to install locally and as services in the cloud. These tools are based on different BPM paradigms (e.g., workflow or case management) and provide different capabilities (e.g., enforcement of the control flow, shared spaces, or a collaborative environment). This makes it difficult for an organization to select a tool that would fit the business processes at hand. The paper suggests a solution for this problem. The core of the solution is a modeling technique for business processes for eliciting their requirements for a suitable BPM tool. It produces a high-level, business process model, called a “step-relationship” model that depicts the essential characteristics of a process in a paradigm-independent way. The solution presented in this paper has been developed based on the paradigm of design science research, and the paper discusses the research project from the design science perspective. The solution has been applied in two case studies in order to demonstrate its feasibility.
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| 29. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
-
Design Science in Action : Developing a Framework for Introducing IT Systems into Operational Practice
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Systems, ICIS 2012. - : Association for Information Systems. - 9780615718439
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper presents an example of using design science research for solving a problem arising from local practice. The problem concerns adoption of new technology. The paper aims to integrate existing approaches and theories of technology acceptance and change management in a framework useful for practical purposes. It is based on the idea that the successful introduction of an IT system requires a number of conditions to be satisfied as well as means for bringing about the satisfaction of these conditions. The level of satisfaction of the conditions can be measured by a set of parameters, such as the level of strategic, tactical and operational understanding of the system by the users. Means include various types of actions, tools and strategies. The introduction process is steered via periodically measuring the parameters, and applying means that help to change the level of satisfaction of the conditions.
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| 30. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
-
Design science research as movement between individual and generic situation-problem-solution spaces
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation. - Berlin/Heidelberg : Springer. - 9783642333712 ; , s. 35-61
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Design science is an emerging research paradigm in the Information Systems area. A design science project typically includes the activities of problem analysis, requirements definition, artifact development, and evaluation. These activities are not to be seen as sequential but can be carried out in any order. The purpose of this paper is to propose a conceptualization and formalization of design science research that show the possible ways in which a design science project can be carried out. The proposal is based on the state oriented view on business processes and suggests that design science research can be viewed as movements in a space of situations, problems and solutions.
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| 31. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
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Do workflow-based systems satisfy the demands of the agile enterprise of the future?
- 2013
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Ingår i: Business Process Management Workshops. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783642362842 - 9783642362859 ; , s. 59-64
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Workflow-based systems dominate the theory and practice of Business Process Management (BPM) leaving little space to other directions, including Adaptive Case Management. While there are reasons for such dominance in today's enterprise environment, it is time the BPM community studied this dominance in the light of the requirements of the enterprises of the future. This paper analyzes whether workflow-based systems will be able to satisfy business needs in the future based on the assumption that the essential property of the enterprise of the future is agility. The paper identifies properties that a business process should possess in order to be suitable for employing a workflow-based system to support it. Then, it analyzes whether these properties are compatible with the needs of the enterprise of the future and shows why workflow-based systems may become obsolete in the future.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating Usefulness of a Fractal Enterprise Model : Experience Report
- 2019
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Ingår i: Enterprise, Business-Process and Information Systems Modeling. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030206178 - 9783030206185 ; , s. 359-373
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper presents an experience of evaluating the usefulness of a particular modeling technique called Fractal Enterprise Model (FEM). FEM connects enterprise processes with assets that are used in and are managed by these processes. The evaluation has been conducted in a somewhat unusual manner. A model that covers an essential part of an enterprise’s activities has been built without any practical goal in mind, e.g. finding a cause of a problem, designing or completing a transformational change, etc. Then, it was presented to and discussed with the stakeholders that helped to build it. During the discussions, the stakeholders were asked to elaborate on the potential usages of the model in the practice of the enterprise. The result was a comprehensive list of possible usage of the model.
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| 35. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
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FEM toolkit - A Tool for Business Process Architects
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Demonstration & Resources Track, Best BPM Dissertation Award, and Doctoral Consortium at BPM 2021 co-located with the 19th International Conference on Business Process Management, BPM 2021. ; , s. 155-155
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- While there are many tools that can depict a business process on any level of detail, there is lack of tools to depict and/or design process architectures - an interconnected set of business processes that exist or are to be introduced in an organization. The FEM toolkit bridges this gap by providing a tool for process architects to discover the process architecture of an organization as-is or to develop a new one. The FEM toolkit facilitates this by providing means to discover or develop a so-called Fractal Enterprise Model (FEM) for an organization. FEM depicts interconnections between the business processes in an enterprise by connecting them to the assets they use and manage. Assets considered in the model could be tangible (buildings, heavy machinery, etc.) and intangible (reputation, business process definitions, etc.). The FEM toolkit has been developed with the help of the metamodeling environment ADOxx. It was successfully used in a number of practically oriented projects and for teaching purposes.
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| 36. |
- Bider, Ilia
(författare)
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Fractal Enterprise Model and its Usage for Business Model Innovation : Tutorial
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 11th IADIS International Conference Information Systems 2018. - : IADIS Press. - 9789898533746 ; , s. xvi-xviii
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This tutorial introduces a new type of enterprise models called Fractal Enterprise Model (FEM), and its usage for industry level Business Model Innovation. The latter means starting a business that is different from the one already run by the enterprise. A FEM model connects enterprise's business processes with its assets revealing existing assets that can be used in a new business model. The assets can be human-related or infrastructure related, including various IT systems that support the business. A new business model is built by finding another usage for already existing assets; it can be a technologically based transformation, or a human capital based transformation, or both.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Bider, Ilia
(författare)
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Functional Decomposition of a Socio-Technical System : What is Missing?
- 2015
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Ingår i: STPIS 2015: Socio-Technical Perspective in IS Development. - : CEUR-WS.org. ; , s. 114-120
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper discusses the needs of new expressive means for modeling a socio-technical system as consisting of functional components that are connected to each-other through the output-input relationships. The discussion is based on an example of depicting so-called feedback connections between the functional components of a system. The need to introduce a feedback connection arises when two connected components are heavily dependent on the intellectual activity of people who man the components. In such a situation, there is a risk that the output from one component could be misinterpreted by the component which takes it as an input. Using a simplified example of a software development project, the paper introduces the notion of a feedback connection and discusses the ways it could be realized in a socio-technical system.
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| 39. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
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Identity Management in an Institution of Higher Education : A Case Study Using Structural Coupling and Fractal Enterprise Model
- 2021
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Ingår i: Complex Systems Informatics and Modeling Quarterly. - : Riga Technical University. - 2255-9922. ; :27, s. 60-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are several ways of defining organizational identity and identity management. This article considers a less exploited one, namely, defining identity as a set of structural couplings that the organization has, and identity management as an activity aimed at maintaining these couplings. The concept of structural coupling comes from biological cybernetics, and it means that a system during its evolution becomes entangled with few other systems. The system at hand evolves together with these systems, adapts to them and causes them to adapt to it. The concept of structural coupling is applied in a study of an institution of higher education. To identify structural couplings, the authors use a so-called Fractal Enterprise Model that presents both internal structure of an organization and its business environment. The article analyzes to which elements of the environment an institution of higher education is structurally coupled and how the identity maintenance is arranged. The article provides examples of how well maintaining identity works in practice based on reflections on the authors' experience of working in the department. The article concludes with suggesting a generic procedure for identifying structural couplings and defining a strategy of maintaining these couplings.
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| 40. |
- Bider, Ilia
(författare)
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In Search for a Good Theory: Commuting between Research and Practice in Business Process Domain
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Kurt Lewin’s statement “There is nothing more practical than a good theory” says not so much about what is good for practice, but rather what it means to have a good theory. There exist a number of competing theories in the business process domain. The current paper is devoted to one of those that lie outside the mainstream direction. The purpose of the paper is not to present the theory as such, but to present the stages of how it was developed with the aim of becoming a “good” theory from the practical point of view. The paper is written as an experience report and goes through different stages of the development where research efforts where intermixed with practical tests. The theory in question is the state-oriented view on business processes. The basic idea of this theory lies in application of the general principles of the theory of dynamic systems to the business domain. The main direction for practical application of theoretical results is the development of IT-support for loosely structured business processes. Besides giving the history of the related research and practical efforts, the paper discusses the lessons learned that can be of interest for the development of other theoretical models/views in the business process domain.
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| 41. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
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In Search of the Holy Grail : Integrating social software with BPM Experience report
- 2010
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Ingår i: Enterprise, Business-Process and Information Systems Modeling. - Berlin : Springer Verlag. - 9783642130502 ; , s. 1-13
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The paper is devoted to finding a view on business processes that helps to introduce into business process support systems a notion of shared spaces widely used in social software. The paper presents and analyses the experience of the authors from a number of development projects aimed at building business process support systems. The authors define a role that shared spaces can play in business process support and set some requirements on the shared space structure based on this role. They then analyze their projects in order to show how these requirements can be met and describe what practical results have been achieved in each project.
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| 42. |
- Bider, Ilia
(författare)
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Integrating Models of Observing and Observed Activities Based on an Example of Empirical Research in Information Systems Discipline
- 2023
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Ingår i: Complex Systems Informatics and Modeling Quarterly. - 2255-9922. ; :37, s. 69-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A situation where both observing and observed activities need to be taken into consideration is not uncommon in practice. In Viable System Model (VSM), System 3* is dedicated to making sudden inspections on how the work is done “on the floor”. A typical case in research is an empirical study, where research activities are aimed at understanding the activities of the object under investigation. Though separate models of the observation activity and the observed activity are often presented, having an integrated model that connects both often falls under the radar. This article investigates how the latter model can be built and used in empirical research projects in the Information System (IS) discipline. Articles in the IS field presenting research projects that use data from practice, as a rule, describe the practice and research process, including which research methods have been used for obtaining and analyzing the data. Some articles present models of practice under investigation using appropriate modeling notations. Some articles present a research process in some graphical form. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no established practice of presenting a model that interconnects practical and research activities. This article tries to fill the gap, and it presents some ideas on how to build a model that integrates observing and observed activities. Such a model can be used for planning a research project and to better understand the limitations of the approaches used or to be used in the project.
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| 43. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
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Introducing Goal Patterns for State-Oriented Business Process Modeling
- 2018
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Ingår i: 2018 IEEE 22nd International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops. - : IEEE Computer Society. - 9781538641422 - 9781538641415 ; , s. 43-47
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patterns are a proven way to make analysis and/or design effective and efficient. The idea of using patterns in business process modeling is not new. However, it was applied only to workflow type of process modeling. In this paper, we explore an idea of using patterns for a different type of process modeling, namely, state-oriented business process modeling. The idea is introduced using an example of a pattern for decision-making.
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| 44. |
- Bider, Ilia
(författare)
-
Is People-Structure-Tasks-Technology Matrix Outdated?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings of STPIS 2017. - : CEUR-WS.org. ; , s. 90-97
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper investigates whether the classical socio-technical matrix that differentiate 4 quadrants of social-technical system: people, structure, tasks and technology can still be useful for practical purposes. The paper gives a positive answer on the question, provided that the level of abstraction in defining these four quadrants is increased to deal with culture, type of structure, methods (techniques) and type of technology, as well as the idea of joint optimization is substituted with the idea of alignment. The paper presents some examples where the concept of the augment matrix has been used.
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| 45. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
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Just Finished a Cycle of a Design Science Research Project : What’s Next?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Complex Systems Informatics and Modeling Quarterly. - : Riga Technical University. - 2255-9922. ; :22, s. 60-86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article is devoted to developing a methodological support for planning Design Science (DS) research projects. More exactly, it is aimed at developing a classification of a particular kind of cycles, inherent to DS research projects, and guidelines on how to choose the next cycle in a specific project. The classification and guidelines are based on results from an analysis of DS literature and a reflective analysis of our own research practice. As far as own research practice is concerned, two DS projects have been analyzed in detail. The analysis revealed that though both projects included cycles, the nature of these cycles was different. In the first project, cycles concerned finding a better problem to solve, while in the second project, cycles concerned finding a better solution for more or less the same problem. Both projects concern developing methodologies in the area of socio-technical systems, and the guidelines on how to choose the next cycle have special provisions related to such systems. In conclusion, the article presents examples of other projects that followed the suggested guidelines and discusses the difference of the suggested approach from other approaches to conduct DS research projects.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
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Limiting Variety by Standardizing and Controlling Knowledge Intensive Processes : Case Study and Reflection on Experience
- 2016
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Ingår i: 2016 IEEE 20th International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Workshop (EDOCW). - : IEEE Computer Society. - 9781467399333
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studies the effects of applying process improvement principles to knowledge-intensive processes, which are typical for being supported by Adaptive Case Management systems. The study is being completed by investigating a process of conducting a small-scale research project that results in BS or MS thesis being defended and graded. The research is a mixture of the case study at the department with which both authors are affiliated and reflections on own experience as active participants of the process. The preliminary results show that the improvement principles applied in the project have helped to smoothen the process and improve its outcome in terms of producing defendable theses that satisfy the requirements set by the relevant authority. However, it seems they might not positively affect other outcomes, like the size and quality of research contribution.
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| 48. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
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Linking Autopoiesis to Homeostasis in Socio-Technical Systems
- 2019
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Ingår i: STPIS 2019: Socio-Technical Perspective in IS Development 2019. ; , s. 160-170
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper considers two seemingly different fundamental theoretical concepts of autopoiesis and homeostasis and tries to apply them to the realm of socio-technical systems. The paper uses a so-called Fractal Enterprise Model (FEM) to explain how autopoiesis – a system constantly reproducing itself - and homeostasis – a system constantly maintaining an approximate identity while adapting to changes in its internal and external environment – works, and how they are connected to each other. The work presented in this paper is in its initial stage, and more efforts are required to convert the ideas presented in the paper to something that can be used in practice.
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| 49. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling a Global Software Development Project as a Complex Socio-Technical System to Facilitate Risk Management and Improve the Project Structure
- 2015
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Ingår i: 2015 IEEE 10th International Conference on Global Software Engineering. - : IEEE. - 9781479984091
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Any global software development project needs to deal with distances -- geographical, cultural, time zone, etc. -- between the groups of developers engaged in the project. To successfully manage the risks caused by such distances, there is a need to explicate and present the distances in a form suitable for manual or semi-automatic analysis, the goal of which is to detect potential risks and find ways of mitigating them. The paper presents a technique of modeling a global software development project suitable for such analysis. The project is modeled as a complex socio-technical system that consists of functional components connected with each other through output-input relationships. The components do not coincide with the organizational units of the project and can be distributed through the geographical and organizational landscape of the project. The modeling technique helps to explicate and represent various kinds of distances between the functional components to determine which of them constitute risk factors. The technique was developed during two case studies, of which the second is used for presenting and demonstrating the new modeling technique in the paper.
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| 50. |
- Bider, Ilia, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling an Agile Enterprise: Reconciling Systems and Process Thinking
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Selection of an enterprise modeling paradigm depends on the practical task the modeling project is trying to achieve. For example, modeling in the frame of Enterprise Architecture paradigm is, usually, aimed at alignment of the enterprise components, such as mission, vision, business processes, services and IT systems. Modeling in the frame of Business Process Management is aimed at process improvement/optimization, and modeling in the Systems Thinking paradigm is aimed at getting a holistic view on the dynamic behavior of the enterprise. This paper suggests a new approach to enterprise modeling that combine these approaches in order to reveal and improve enterprise agility. It is based on the systemic view of business processes, and it presents an enterprise as a three-layered model consisting of assets, sensors and business process instances. Elements of this model can be recursively decomposed, which allows for different levels of details when modeling an enterprise.
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