| 1. |
- Bell, Brian, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable Bridges – Past and Future. Reflections on a European Project 2003 – 2007
- 2023
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Ingår i: IABSE Congress 2023 New Delhi, Engineering for Sustainable Development. - : International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering. ; , s. 690-698
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twenty years ago, in 2003, a European project was started to increase the sustainability of existing railway bridges. This paper summarises what was achieved and looks ahead. Nine Working Packages were organized: (1) Background material; (2) Guidance by stakeholders; (3) Condition Assessment and Inspection Guidelines; (4) Loads, Capacity and Resistance Guidelines; (5) Monitoring Guidelines; (6) Repair and Strengthening Guidelines; (7) Demonstration with Field testing of Bridges; (8) Demonstration on Monitoring on Bridges; and (9) Training and Dissemination.Some of the main results (from 4 Guidelines and 47 Background documents) are highlighted and some experiences, conclusions and thoughts about the future are given. Hidden strengths and weaknesses are discussed, analyses and codes for assessment can be improved, new monitoring and strengthening methods are available and life length can be prolonged.
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| 2. |
- Bien, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Prototype of exciter for vibration tests and concept of monitoring system : Sustainable Bridges Background document 5.6
- 2007
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- This report is a description of the main principles of the proposed monitoring system, testing procedures, techniques of data acquisition and processing. After general information on dynamic tests in the bridge monitoring the prototype of exciter is described. The main principles and assumptions according to its construction are presented. Tests of the exciter executed in laboratory conditions as well as in field are presented and discussed. General principles of the monitoring system based on vibration tests carried out by means of the built exciter are described. Practical application of the monitoring system based on vibration tests is described for example of a damage test carried out on a Demonstration Bridge located in Siechnice close to Wrocław.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Bell, Brian, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable Bridges - Past and Future Reflections on a European Project 2003-2007
- 2023
-
Ingår i: IABSE Congress, New Delhi 2023: Engineering for Sustainable Development, Report. ; , s. 690-698
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Twenty years ago, in 2003, a European project was started to increase the sustainability of existing railway bridges. This paper summarises what was achieved and looks ahead. Nine Working Packages were organized: (1) Background material; (2) Guidance by stakeholders; (3) Condition Assessment and Inspection Guidelines; (4) Loads, Capacity and Resistance Guidelines; (5) Monitoring Guidelines; (6) Repair and Strengthening Guidelines; (7) Demonstration with Field testing of Bridges; (8) Demonstration on Monitoring on Bridges; and (9) Training and Dissemination Some of the main results (from 4 Guidelines and 47 Background documents) are highlighted and some experiences, conclusions and thoughts about the future are given. Hidden strengths and weaknesses are discussed, analyses and codes for assessment can be improved, new monitoring and strengthening methods are available and life length can be prolonged.
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| 6. |
- Bien, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Demonstration bridge C: Masonry Arch Structure : Sustainable Bridges Background document 7.4
- 2007
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- The bridge was selected as a typical masonry arch bridge for demonstration and testing of the project achievements. The age (built 1875), construction and span length (arch radius 4,97 m) of the structure are representative for masonry bridges in Europe. The bridge also doesn't have any technical documentation as most of old masonry bridges. From the practical point of view it is interesting that the track in service is placed asymmetrically, just on one side of the bridge.Within the works performed on the bridge the following activities can be distinguished:• NDT testing of the structure geometry and material in situ,• Laboratory test of specimens taken form the structure,• Numerical analyses for evaluation of the bridge load capacity and the ultimate load.
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| 7. |
- Bien, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Possibilities of unification of bridge condition evaluation : Sustainable Bridges SB-D3.3
- 2007
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- This report is presenting possibilities as well as some conceptions of European harmonization in the area of bridge condition assessment. The proposals are addressed to all railway authorities to stimulate discussion on potential needs and possible directions of the unification process. Solutions developed by the Project can be recommended for implementation in the next versions of the existing bridge management systems or in the anew created systems. The proposed concepts can be also applied as independent external computer-based tools of bridge condition assessment supporting the existing bridge management systems.The main objectives of the presented report can be listed as follows:• presentation of proposed basic terminology in the field of bridge condition assessment;• presentation and comparison of bridge geometry models which can be applied in computer systems supporting assessment of bridge condition;• presentation of proposal of hierarchical classification of bridge damages as a first step to harmonization of the procedure of bridge condition assessment;• presentation of proposal of quantitative measures for all basic types of bridge damages for improvement of precision and objectivity of condition assessment;• presentation of conception of bridge condition evaluation based on numerical quantificationof damages and supported by the computer expert tools.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Cermona, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Field testing of old bridges
- 2007
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Ingår i: Sustainable bridges. - Wrocław : Dolnoslaskie Wydawnictwo Edukacyjne. - 9788371251610 ; , s. 423-433
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 10. |
- Chen, Zhishan, et al.
(författare)
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Fine-mapping analysis including over 254 000 East Asian and European descendants identifies 136 putative colorectal cancer susceptibility genes
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 15:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 200 common genetic variants independently associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, but the causal variants and target genes are mostly unknown. We sought to fine-map all known CRC risk loci using GWAS data from 100,204 cases and 154,587 controls of East Asian and European ancestry. Our stepwise conditional analyses revealed 238 independent association signals of CRC risk, each with a set of credible causal variants (CCVs), of which 28 signals had a single CCV. Our cis-eQTL/mQTL and colocalization analyses using colorectal tissue-specific transcriptome and methylome data separately from 1299 and 321 individuals, along with functional genomic investigation, uncovered 136 putative CRC susceptibility genes, including 56 genes not previously reported. Analyses of single-cell RNA-seq data from colorectal tissues revealed 17 putative CRC susceptibility genes with distinct expression patterns in specific cell types. Analyses of whole exome sequencing data provided additional support for several target genes identified in this study as CRC susceptibility genes. Enrichment analyses of the 136 genes uncover pathways not previously linked to CRC risk. Our study substantially expanded association signals for CRC and provided additional insight into the biological mechanisms underlying CRC development.
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| 11. |
- Cremona, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Instrumentation of the Avesnes Bridge : Sustainable Bridges Background document 7.2
- 2007
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- This deliverable details the different instrumentations installed on the Avesnes/Helpe bridge between 2005 and 2007 in France for recording its structural response and its loading conditions during a two-days monitoring campaign (June 2005), for performing dynamic assessments (March 2006) and for detecting damages (June 2006-March 2007). The first series of tests were performed when the bridge was still operated by the French railways SNCF. In august 2005, the bridge was removed from operating conditions and conserved for research and demonstration purposes within the "Sustainable Bridges" project. This deliverable is dedicated to provide information and data for research actions regarding:- Condition Assessment- Structural assessment- Monitoring
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| 12. |
- Fernandez-Rozadilla, Ceres, et al.
(författare)
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Deciphering colorectal cancer genetics through multi-omic analysis of 100,204 cases and 154,587 controls of European and east Asian ancestries
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 55, s. 89-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. We conducted a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of 100,204 CRC cases and 154,587 controls of European and east Asian ancestry, identifying 205 independent risk associations, of which 50 were unreported. We performed integrative genomic, transcriptomic and methylomic analyses across large bowel mucosa and other tissues. Transcriptome- and methylome-wide association studies revealed an additional 53 risk associations. We identified 155 high-confidence effector genes functionally linked to CRC risk, many of which had no previously established role in CRC. These have multiple different functions and specifically indicate that variation in normal colorectal homeostasis, proliferation, cell adhesion, migration, immunity and microbial interactions determines CRC risk. Crosstissue analyses indicated that over a third of effector genes most probably act outside the colonic mucosa. Our findings provide insights into colorectal oncogenesis and highlight potential targets across tissues for new CRC treatment and chemoprevention strategies.
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| 13. |
- Helmerich, Rosemarie, et al.
(författare)
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Guideline for Inspection and Condition Assessment of Existing European Railway Bridges, SB-ICA , Sustainable Bridges : Including advices on the use of non-destructive testing.
- 2007
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- The guideline SB-ICA Inspection, and Condition Assessment presents new and enhanced tools, equipment and procedures for railway bridge inspection and condition assessment to achieve the objectives of the project. The Guideline SB-ICA Inspection and Condition Assessment with three annexes summarizes and completes the technical research work described in technical deliverables D3.2 to D3.14, available as background documents. The guideline also refers to UIC-documents, national standards and results of research done so far in international research. The guideline is prepared to transfer the latest research results to the end users, the European railway infrastructure departments. The technical deliverables, attached as background documents to this guideline, describe the research, which focussed on the following topics: - Basic research for appropriate non-destructive testing methods to be used by the railways in refined inspection and condition assessment of reinforced concrete, steel and masonry arch bridges as well as for the investigation of foundations and subsoil, - Development of procedures for effective condition assessment and defect appraisal, - Enhancing the applicability of non-destructive inspection tools to railway bridges with focus on the compatibility with the railway infrastructure, - The application to railway bridges includes both, the reviews of techniques and methods (state of the art) and latest research, e.g. automation of acoustic imaging techniques, advanced image data processing for results obtained from different NDT-measurement (data fusion, data reconstruction), - Development of automated equipment for faster operating onsite measurements with high geometrical accuracy, which is a precondition for super positioning of data obtained from different methods and different measurements, - A proposal for classification of defects, description of deterioration, defect location. - Finite element modelling of RC-deterioration processes and degradation by corrosion. Based on refined information from inspections about the current condition of the bridge elements, an entire bridge and the capability of the bridge stock along a railway line has to be assessed in a fast and unique way, e.g. in order to allow new train types, increase of train frequency, transfer of higher loads or higher speed. The guideline on inspection and condition assessment presents tools to update bridge documentation, which is some times insufficient, inaccurate or incomplete. Systematic application of repeatable procedures are presented, which are using new tools with high degree of geometrical accuracy. Advanced technologies help also to follow time dependent processes and to alleviate the effects of the loss of operational experience of retiring workers.Research for better inspection and condition assessment tools for the railway infrastructure, e.g. using Non-Destructive testing methods was concentrated on gaps, identified in the first phase of the project. The analysis of the bridge stock by the partner railways in WP1 revealed that steel and masonry arch bridges need to be incorporated into the scope of the project. Following this advice, the guideline for inspection and condition assessment covers inspection of reinforced concrete, steel and masonry arch bridges, as well as testing of subsoil and foundation. This guideline proposes inspection and condition assessment tools to get comparable description of the railway infrastructure condition in different countries of the European Community. The work also revealed the need of common terminology, a database for defects and a database with applicable non-destructive testing methods in single page information.
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| 14. |
- Melbourne, Clive, et al.
(författare)
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Masonry Arch Bridges : Sustainable Bridges Background document 4.7
- 2007
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- A recent survey showed that 40% of existing rail network bridges in Europe are masonry arches. More than 60% of those bridges are over 100 years old and still carry ever increasing levels of loading and increasing volumes of traffic. Due to the constantly increasing weight of rail traffic there is increasing demand for better understanding of their life expectancy and fatigue limits. It is imperative that the bridge stock is not adversely affected by these changes in the loading regime and that appropriate assessment, modelling, repair and strengthening techniques are available.This background document is an attempt to address and solve the above questions.To this end, the document is divided in the following parts:D4.7.1 Structural assessment of masonry arch bridgesD4.7.2 Numerical analyses of load distribution and deflections in railway bridge transitionzones due to passing trainsD4.7.3 Methods of analysis of damaged masonry arch bridgesD4.7.4 Potentiality of probabilistic methods in the assessment of masonry arches
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| 15. |
- Olofsson, Ingvar, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of European railway bridges for future traffic demands and longer lives : EC project "sustainable bridges"
- 2005
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Ingår i: Structure and Infrastructure Engineering. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1573-2479 .- 1744-8980. ; 1:2, s. 93-100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A European Integrated Research Project has recently been started within the 6th Framework Program of the European Commission. The project aims at improved methods for the upgrading of existing railway bridges within the European railway network. The main objectives of the project are to increase the transport capacity by allowing higher axle loads and by increasing the maximum speeds. Other objectives are to increase the residual lifetime of existing bridges and to enhance management, strengthening and repair systems. The overall goal is to enable the delivery of improved capacity without compromising the safety and economy of the working railway. A consortium consisting of railway bridge owners, consultants, contractors, research institutes and universities carry out the project, having a gross budget of more than 10 million Euros. Funding from the European Commission covers a major portion of the four-year project costs
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