| 1. |
- Gupta, Nidhi, et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of standard and compositional data analysis in studies addressing group differences in sedentary behavior and physical activity
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1479-5868. ; 15:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Data on time spent in physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep during a day is compositional in nature, i.e. they add up to a constant value, typically 100% time. Compositional data have fundamentally different properties from unconstrained data in real space, and require other processing and analysis procedures, referred to as compositional data analysis (CoDA). Most physical activity and sedentary behavior studies, however, still apply analytical procedures adapted to data in real space, which can lead to misleading results. The present study describes a comparison of time spent sedentary and in physical activity between age groups and sexes, and investigates the extent to which results obtained by CoDA differ from those obtained using standard analytical procedures.Methods. Time spent sedentary, standing, and in physical activity (walking/running/stair climbing/cycling) during work and leisure was determined for 1-4 days among 677 blue-collar workers using accelerometry. Differences between sexes and age groups were tested using MANOVA, using both a standard approach and a CoDA approach based on isometric log-ratio transformed data. Results. When determining differences between sexes in time used for different activities at work, the effect size using standard analysis (η2=0.045, p<0.001) was 15% smaller than that obtained with CoDA (η2=0.052, p<0.001), although both approaches suggested a statistically significant difference. When determining corresponding differences between age groups, CoDA resulted in a 60% larger, and significant, effect size (η2=0.012, p=0.02) than that obtained with the standard approach (η2=0.008, p=0.07). During leisure, results with standard (age; η2=0.007, p=0.09; sex; η2=0.052, p<0.001) and CoDA (age; η2=0.007, p=0.09; sex; η2=0.051, p<0.001) analyses were similar.Conclusion. Results and, hence, inferences concerning differences by age and sex in time spent sedentary and in physical activity at work differed between CoDA and standard analysis. We encourage researchers to use CoDA in similar studies, in order to adequately account for the compositional nature of data on physical activity and sedentary behavior
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| 2. |
- Gupta, Nidhi, et al.
(författare)
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Are Temporal Patterns of Sitting Associated with Obesity among Blue-Collar Workers? : A Cross Sectional Study Using Accelerometers
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 16:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundLittle is known about the association of objectively measured temporal patterns of sitting (i.e., how sitting is distributed across time) with obesity indicators. We aimed to investigate the extent to which temporal patterns of sitting (time spent in long, moderate and brief uninterrupted sitting periods) are associated with obesity indicators (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and fat percentage), independently from moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and total sitting time among blue-collar workers.MethodsWorkers (n=205) wore Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometers on the thigh and trunk for 1-4 working days. The time-line of sitting on working days was computed using the validated Acti4 software. Total sitting time and time spent sitting in brief (≤5 mins), moderate (>5 and ≤30 mins), and long (>30mins) periods were determined for the whole day, and for leisure and work separately. Obesity indicators, i.e. BMI (kg/m2), waist circumference (cm) and fat percentage were objectively measured. Associations between duration of sitting periods and each obesity indicator were determined using linear regression analysis adjusted for several potential confounders including objectively measured MVPA and total sitting time.ResultsSitting time in brief periods was negatively associated with obesity indicators for the whole day (BMI, P<0.01; fat percentage, P<0.01; waist circumference, P<0.01) and work (BMI, P<0.01; fat percentage, P<0.01; waist circumference, P<0.01), but not for leisure time. Sitting time in long periods was positively associated with obesity indicators for the whole day (waist circumference, P=0.05) and work (waist circumference, P=0.01; BMI, P=0.04), but not for leisure time. Sitting in moderate periods was not associated with obesity indicators for any domain.ConclusionTime spent in brief and long periods of sitting during the whole day and at work were inversely associated with obesity indicators when adjusting for MVPA and total sitting time, while sitting during leisure time did not show these associations. Thus, the temporal distribution of sitting seems to influence the relationship between sitting and obesity.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Gupta, Nidhi, et al.
(författare)
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Movement behavior profiles and obesity : a latent profile analysis of 24-h time-use composition among Danish workers
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0307-0565 .- 1476-5497. ; 44:2, s. 409-417
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/objectivesAn element of obesity prevention is increasing total physical activity energy expenditure. However, this approach does not incorporate the balance of various movement behaviors—physical activity, sedentary behaviors and sleep - across domains of the day. We aimed to identify time-use profiles over work and leisure, termed ‘movement behavior profiles’ and to investigate their association with obesity.Subjects/methodsEight-hundred-and-seven workers completed (a) thigh accelerometry and diaries to determine their 24-h composition of behaviors (sedentary and standing, light physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity at work and leisure, and time in bed) and (b) obesity measurements. Movement behavior profiles were determined using latent profile analyses of isometric log-ratios of the 24-h composition, and labeled according to animal movement behavior traits. Linear models were applied to determine the association between profiles and obesity.ResultsFour profiles were identified, labeled as “Chimpanzees” (n = 226), “Lions” (n = 179), “Ants” (n = 244), and “Koalas” (n = 158). “Chimpanzees” work time was evenly distributed between behaviors while their leisure time was predominantly active. Compared to Chimpanzees, “Lions” were more active at work and sedentary during leisure and spent more time in bed; “Ants” were more active at work and during leisure; “Koalas” were more sedentary at work and leisure and spent similar time in bed. With “Chimpanzees” as reference, “Lions” had least favorable obesity indicators: +2.0 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.6, 3.4) %body fat, +4.3 cm (1.4, 7.3) waist circumference and +1.0 (2.0, 0.0) Body Mass Index (BMI), followed by “Koalas” +2.0 (0.4, 3.7) %body fat, +3.1 cm (0.1, 6.0) waist circumference, and +0.8 (−0.30, 1.94) BMI. No significant differences were found between “Chimpanzees” and “Ants”.ConclusionsMovement behavior profiles across work and leisure time-use compositions are associated with obesity. Achieving adequate balance between work and leisure movement behaviors should be further investigated as a potential obesity prevention strategy.
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| 5. |
- Gupta, Nidhi, et al.
(författare)
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Physical-behavior profiles and aerobic capacity: A latent profile analysis of 24-hour time-use composition among Danish workers
- 2019
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Ingår i: ICAMPAM 2019. - Maastricht : ICAMPAM.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Obtaining a balance between exercise and recovery is an established approach in Exercise Science to improve aerobic capacity. However, it is unknown how different 24-h time-use profiles depicting a balance between physical behaviors (i.e. physical activities, sedentary behavior and sleep) across main domains of the day are associated with aerobic capacity. We aimed to identify such 'physical-behavior (PB) profiles' and to investigate their association with aerobic capacity. Methods Workers (n=807) participated in thigh-accelerometry to determine 24-h time-use composition of physical activity, sedentary and standing during work and leisure, as well as time in bed. Åstrand submaximal cycle ergometer test was used to estimate aerobic capacity. The PB profiles were determined using latent profile analysis of isometric log-ratios representing the 24-hour composition. Linear models were applied to determine the cross-sectional association between physical-behavior profiles and aerobic capacity. Results Four PB profiles were identified that were labeled based on animal traits; Chimpanzees (n=226), Lions (n=179), Ants (n=244), and Koalas (n=158). Compared to Chimpanzees (at work, in mins; sedentary=197, standing=145, physical activity=117; and at leisure in mins; physical activity=114, standing=121, time in bed= 440); Lions were more active at work, sedentary at leisure and spent more time in bed; Ants had more physical activity at work and similar physical activity and time in bed at leisure; Koalas were more sedentary at work and leisure and spent more time in bed. Compared to Chimpanzees, Koalas had lower aerobic capacity (mlO2/kg/min): -3.7 (95%CI -6.0,-1.5), followed by Lions -3.6 (-5.5,-1.7) and Ants -1.8 (-3.7,- 0.1). Conclusions Physical-behavior profiles based on 24-h time-use composition are associated with aerobic capacity. Obtaining a balance between physical behaviors at work and leisure may be a promising approach for improving aerobic capacity.
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| 6. |
- Gupta, Nidhi, et al.
(författare)
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What is the effect on obesity indicators from replacing prolonged sedentary time with brief sedentary bouts, standing and different types of physical activity during working days? : A cross-sectional accelerometer-based study among blue-collar workers
- 2016
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 11:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionThe aim of the study was to investigate if (a) substituting total sedentary time or long sedentary bouts with standing or various types of physical activity and (b) substituting long sedentary bouts with brief sedentary bouts; is associated with obesity indicators using a cross sectional isotemporal substitution approach among blue-collar workers.MethodsA total of 692 workers from transportation, manufacturing and cleaning sectors wore an Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometer on the thigh for 1–4 working days. The sedentary (sit and lie), standing, walking, and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) time on working days was computed using validated Acti4 software. The total sedentary time and uninterrupted sedentary time spent in brief (≤5 mins), moderate (>5 and ≤30 mins), and long (>30mins) bouts, were determined for the whole day and during work and non-work time separately. The obesity indicators, BMI (kg/m2), waist circumference (cm) and fat percentage were objectively measured. Isotemporal substitution modelling was utilized to determine the linear association with obesity indicators of replacing 30 min of total sedentary time or long sedentary bouts with standing, walking or MVPA and separately replacing 30 min of long sedentary bouts with brief sedentary bouts.ResultsWorkers [mean (standard deviation, SD); age = 45.1 (9.9) years, BMI = 27.5 (4.9) kg/m2, %BF = 29.6 (9.5), waist circumference = 94.4 (13.0) cm] sat for 2.4 hours (~32% of the measured time, SD = 1.8 hours) across the day during work period and 5.5 hours (~62% of the measured time, SD = 1.5 hours) during non-work period. Most of the sedentary time was accrued in moderate bouts [work = 1.40 (SD = 1.09) hours] during work and in long bouts during non-work [2.7 (SD = 1.4) hours], while least in long sedentary bouts during work [work = 0.5 (SD = 0.9)] and in brief sedentary bouts [0.5 hours (SD = 0.3)] during non-work. Significant associations with all obesity indicators were found when 30 min of total sedentary time or long sedentary bouts were replaced with standing time (~1–2% lower) or MVPA (~4–9% lower) during whole day, work, and non-work periods. The exception was that a statistically significant association was not observed with any obesity indicator when replacing total sedentary time or long sedentary bouts with standing time during the work period. Significant beneficial associations were found when replacing the long sedentary bouts with brief sedentary bouts (~3–5% lower) during all domains.ConclusionReplacing total sedentary time and long sedentary bouts, respectively, not only with MVPA but also standing time appears to be beneficially associated with obesity indicators among blue-collar workers. Additionally, replacing long sedentary bouts with brief sedentary bouts was also beneficially associated with obesity indicators. Studies using prospective design are needed to confirm the findings.
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| 7. |
- Hallman, David, et al.
(författare)
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Association between sitting time at work and favorable changes in neck-shoulder pain among blue-collar workers
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. Previous studies suggest that prolonged sitting at work is a risk-factor for neck-shoulder pain (NSP). However, a majority of studies on the association between occupational sitting and NSP have relied on cross-sectional designs and self-reported measurements of sitting time. Our aim was to determine the extent to which occupational sitting time, assessed using accelerometry, is associated with the 1-year time course of NSP intensity among blue-collar workers.Methods. Our study included 494 Danish workers (female n=220) from three occupational sectors: cleaning (n=96), manufacturing (n=356) and transportation (n=42). At baseline, sitting was monitored continuously for several working days (mean (SD) wear time: 2.6 (0.9) days) using accelerometers attached to the thigh and trunk. During the following 12 months, data on self-reported NSP intensity (NRS scale, range 0-10) were collected on a monthly basis using SMS tracking. Repeated measures ANOVA adjusted for gender, occupational sector, seniority, and pain at baseline was used to examine the association between per cent time spent sitting (at work and leisure) and changes in NSP across time.Results. We found a significant interaction between occupational sitting at baseline and the time course of NSP (F(11,491)=6.37, p=0.01), which remained significant with adjustment for covariates (F(11,464)=6.64, p=0.01). We found no main effect of occupational sitting on NSP (p>0.05). Categorizing sitting time revealed that more sitting at work was accompanied by larger reductions in NSP over time. The effect of time on NSP was stronger in the high sitting group (F(11,162)=30.4, p<0.0001) than in the low (F(11,162)=4.9, p=0.05) and moderate (F(11,167)=5.10, p=0.02) sitting groups. We found no association between leisure-time sitting and NSP (p>0.05).Discussion. In contrast to previous studies, our results indicate that prolonged sitting is associated with a favourable prognosis of NSP across one year in workers. The clinical significance of this result needs to be examined further
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| 8. |
- Hallman, David, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Contrasting effect of objectively measured physical activity during work and leisure on heart rate variability during sleep
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. - : Sage Publications. - 2047-4873 .- 2047-4881. ; 24:2S, s. 32-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) has a beneficial effect on cardiovascular health and longevity, while occupational physical activity (OPA) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality. The physiological mechanism of this apparently contrasting relationship between LTPA and OPA on cardiovascular health remains unknown. A possible explanation is that OPA and LTPA exert different effects on the autonomic nervous system. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether objectively measured OPA and LTPA are differentially associated with cardiac autonomic regulation in an occupational sample.Methods: Cross-sectional data from the Danish cohort DPHACTO were analysed. The study comprised 514 bluecollar workers who took part in ambulatory monitoring of physical activity and heart rate variability (HRV). Physical activity (i.e. time spent in walking, climbing stairs, running and cycling) was assessed objectively using accelerometers (Actigraph) worn on the thigh, hip and trunk over 4–5 working days. Simultaneously, a heart rate monitor (Actiheart) was used to collect inter-beat intervals from the ECG signal. Heart rate and HRV indices were analysed during nocturnal sleep as markers of cardiac autonomic activity. Multiple regression analysis was used to determinethe main effects of OPA and LTPA and their interaction on heart rate and HRV indices, adjusting for multiple confounders (age, gender, body mass index, smoking and cardiovascular ailments).Results: Time spent in physical activity was on average (SD) 1.4 (0.6) hours/day for OPA and 0.9 (0.4) hours/day for LTPA. OPA showed generally negative associations with nocturnal HRV indices, while positive estimates were observed for LTPA. There was a statistically significant interaction effect between OPA and LTPA on heartrate (P < 0.0001) and HRV indices in time (root mean square of standard deviation, P = 0.004: standard deviation of normal to normal sinus beat, P = 0.019) and frequency domains (high frequency power, P = 0.022; low frequency power, P = 0.033). The favourable effect of LTPA on nocturnal HRV clearly diminished with higher levels of OPA, and high levels of both OPA and LTPA had a detrimental effect. The observed associations persisted after adjustment for possible confounders.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that time spent in OPA and LTPA have interactive effects on nocturnal autonomic regulation. Future longitudinal studies should examine whether autonomic regulation is a mediator for the effect of OPA and LTPA on cardiovascular disease and mortality.
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| 9. |
- Hallman, David, et al.
(författare)
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Har fysisk aktivitet på arbete och fritid betydelse för återhämtning från nacksmärta hos arbetare? : En prospektiv studie med objektiva mätningar
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- SyfteKunskapen om vilka faktorer som påverkar förloppet av smärta i nacke/skuldra hos personer med manuella arbeten är mycket begränsad. Syftet med föreliggande prospektiva studie var att undersöka sambandet mellan objektivt registrerad fysisk aktivitet på arbetet och fritiden med förloppet av smärta över ett år hos kvinnor och män med manuellt arbete.MetodData samlades in från 625 arbetare inom industri, städning och transport sektorerna från den Danska kohorten DPHACTO. Fysisk aktivitet mättes objektivt vid baslinje med 4 accelerometrar (Actigraph GT3X+) under 1-5 arbetsdagar. Mjukvaran Acti4 användes för att klassificera olika typer av fysisk aktivitet (gå, gå i trapport, cykla, springa). Andel tid i fysisk aktivitet beräknades separat för arbete och fritid. Textmeddelanden (SMS) med frågor om smärtintensitet i nacke/skuldra (skala 0-10) sändes ut till deltagarna med fyra veckors intervall under 12 månader. Linear mixed models användes för att fastställa samband mellan fysisk aktivitet på arbete och fritid med nivå och förändring av smärta över tid, med justering för potentiella konfounders.ResultatFysisk aktivitet på arbetet var inte associerat med genomsnittlig smärtnivå, men fysisk aktivitet på fritiden var associerat med lägre smärta både hos kvinnor (B=-0.71, 95 % CI -1.31‒-0.11) och män (B=-0.85, 95 % CI -1.57‒-0.13). Vi fann en signifikant interaktion mellan fysisk aktivitet och kön på förändring av smärta. Fysisk aktivitet på arbetet var relaterat till långsammare återhämtning av smärta hos män (B=0.03, 95 % CI 0.01‒0.05), medan fysisk aktivitet på fritiden var associerat med långsammare återhämtning hos kvinnor.SlutsatserResultaten indikerar att fysisk aktivitet på fritiden har en skyddande effekt på smärta i nacke/skuldra hos personer med manuellt arbete. Betydelsen av fysisk aktivitet på arbetet och fritiden för återhämtning av smärta tycks skilja sig mellan kvinnor och män, vilket kan bero på skillnader i exponering, vila och återhämtning.
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| 10. |
- Hallman, David, et al.
(författare)
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Is prolonged sitting at work associated with the time course of neck-shoulder pain? : A prospective study in Danish blue-collar workers
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 6:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the extent to which objectively measured sitting time at work is associated with the course of neck-shoulder pain across one year in blue-collar workers.MethodsData was analyzed from 625 blue-collar workers in the Danish DPHACTO cohort study (2012-2013). Objective data on sitting time were collected at baseline using accelerometry. Self-reported pain intensity (numeric rating scale 0-10) in the neck-shoulder region was registered for one year using repeated text messages (14 in total). Linear Mixed Models were used to determine the relationship between percent time in sitting at work and trajectories of neck-shoulder pain, with and without adjustment for demographic, occupational and lifestyle factors, and baseline pain intensity.ResultsMore sitting time at work was associated with a faster decline in pain intensity over 12-months, as indicated by a statistically significant effect of sitting on pain trajectories in the crude (p=0.020) and fully adjusted models (p=0.027).Conclusion In blue-collar workers, more sitting time at work was associated with a favorable development of pain intensity over time. The relationship between sitting at work and pain needs further investigation before explicit recommendations and guidelines on sedentary behavior among blue-collar workers can be developed.
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| 11. |
- Hallman, David M., et al.
(författare)
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Objectively measured physical activity and 12-month trajectories of neck-shoulder pain in workers : a prospective study in DPHACTO
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 45:3, s. 288-298
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: This study aimed to investigate the association between objectively measured physical activity at work and leisure and the intensity (mean level and time course) of neck–shoulder pain (NSP) over 12 months among male and female blue collar workers. Methods: Data were obtained from 625 blue collar workers from the Danish cohort DPHACTO. Physical activity was measured objectively at baseline using accelerometers. The percentage of time spent in physical activity (walking, climbing stairs, running and cycling) was calculated for both work and leisure time. Longitudinal data on the intensity of NSP (numerical rating scale 0–10) were collected using text messages every fourth week over 12 months. Linear mixed models were used to investigate the associations between occupational physical activity (OPA) and leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and the trajectories of the intensity of NSP, adjusted for individual, biomechanical and psychosocial factors, and baseline pain. Results: OPA was not associated with the mean intensity of NSP over 12 months. LTPA was negatively associated with the mean intensity of NSP both among men (B=−0.71, 95% CI −1.31 to −0.11) and women (B=−0.85, 95% CI −1.57 to −0.13). Sex interactions on the 12-month trajectories of NSP showed that higher physical activity was associated with a slower reduction in NSP among men for OPA only (B=0.03, 95% CI 0.01-0.05) and women for LTPA only (B=0.05, 95% CI 0.00-0.09). Conclusions: We found that more time in LTPA was associated with a lower overall intensity of NSP over 12 months among blue collar workers. However, depending on sex and domain, high physical activity had an unfavourable effect on the course of NSP over 12 months.
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| 12. |
- Hallman, David M., et al.
(författare)
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Temporal patterns of sitting at work are associated with neck-shoulder pain in blue-collar workers : a cross-sectional analysis of accelerometer data in the DPHACTO study
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-0131 .- 1432-1246. ; 89:5, s. 823-833
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundOur aim was to examine the extent to which temporal patterns of sitting during occupational work and during leisure-time, assessed using accelerometry, are associated with intense neck–shoulder pain (NSP) in blue-collar workers.MethodsThe population consisted of 659 Danish blue-collar workers. Accelerometers were attached to the thigh, hip, trunk and upper dominant arm to measure sitting time and physical activity across four consecutive days. Temporal sitting patterns were expressed separately for work and leisure by the proportion of total time spent sitting in brief bursts (0–5 min), moderate (>5–20 min) and prolonged (>20 min) periods. The peak NSP intensity during the previous 3 months was assessed using a numerical rating scale (range 0–10) and dichotomized into a lower (≤4) and higher (>4) NSP score. Logistic regression analyses with multiple adjustments for individual and occupational factors were performed to determine the association between brief, moderate and prolonged sitting periods, and NSP intensity.ResultsTime in brief bursts of occupational sitting was negatively associated with NSP intensity (adjusted OR 0.68, 95 % CI 0.48–0.98), while time in moderate periods of occupational sitting showed a positive association with NSP (adjusted OR 1.32, 95 % CI 1.04–1.69). Time in prolonged periods of occupational sitting was not associated with NSP (adjusted OR 0.78, 95 % CI 0.78–1.09). We found no significant association between brief, moderate or prolonged sitting periods during leisure, and NSP.ConclusionOur findings indicate that the association between occupational sitting time and intense NSP among blue-collar workers is sensitive to the temporal pattern of sitting.
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| 13. |
- Hallman, David M., et al.
(författare)
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Time course of neck-shoulder pain among workers : A longitudinal latent class growth analysis.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - : Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - 0355-3140 .- 1795-990X. ; 44:1, s. 47-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to (i) identify trajectories of neck-shoulder pain (NSP) over one year in an occupational population and (ii) determine whether these trajectories are predicted by NSP characteristics as well as personal and occupational factors at baseline.MethodsThis longitudinal study was conducted among Danish workers (N=748) from 2012-2014. Text messages were used to collect frequent data on NSP over one year (14 waves in total). Peak NSP intensity in the past month was rated on a 0-10 numeric scale. A baseline questionnaire covered NSP characteristics (pain intensity, duration, comorbidity, pain medication, and pain interference) as well as personal (age, gender, body mass index) and occupational (seniority, work type, physical strain at work) factors. Latent class growth analysis was used to distinguish trajectories of NSP. Multivariate regression models with odds ratios (OR) were constructed to predict trajectories of NSP.ResultsSix distinct trajectories of NSP were identified (asymptomatic 11%, very low NSP 10%, low recovering NSP 18%, moderate recovering NSP 28%, strong fluctuating NSP 24% and severe persistent NSP 9% of the workers). Female gender, age, physical strain at work, NSP intensity and duration, pain medication, and pain interference in daily work at baseline were positively associated with severe persistent NSP and strong fluctuating NSP (all P<0.05). Altogether, personal and occupational factors accounted for 14% of the variance, while NSP characteristics accounted for 54%.ConclusionsIn an occupational sample, six distinct trajectories of NSP were identified. Physical strain at work appears to be a pertinent occupational factor predicting strong fluctuating and severe persistent NSP.
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| 14. |
- Hallman, David, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Objectively measured sitting and standing in workers : Cross-sectional relationship with autonomic cardiac modulation
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 16:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Excessive sitting and standing are proposed risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), possibly due to autonomic imbalance. This study examines the association of objectively measured sitting and standing with nocturnal autonomic cardiac modulation. The cross-sectional study examined 490 blue-collar workers in three Danish occupational sectors. Sitting and standing during work and leisure were assessed during 1–5 days using accelerometers. Heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) were obtained during nocturnal sleep as markers of resting autonomic modulation. The associations of sitting and standing still (h/day) with HR and HRV were assessed with linear regression models, adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, smoking, and physical activity. More sitting time during leisure was associated with elevated HR (p = 0.02), and showed a trend towards reduced HRV. More standing time at work was associated with lower HR (p = 0.02), and with increased parasympathetic indices of HRV (root mean squared successive differences of R-R intervals p = 0.05; high-frequency power p = 0.07). These findings, while cross-sectional and restricted to blue-collar workers, suggest that sitting at leisure is detrimental to autonomic cardiac modulation, but standing at work is beneficial. However, the small effect size is likely insufficient to mitigate the previously shown detrimental effects of prolonged standing on CVD.
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| 15. |
- Hallman, David, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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On the health paradox of occupational and leisure-time physical activity using objective measurements : effects on autonomic imbalance
- 2017
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 12:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveLeisure-time physical activity (LTPA) has considerable benefits for cardiovascular health and longevity, while occupational physical activity (OPA) is associated with an elevated cardiovascular risk. This “health paradox” may be explained by different effects on the autonomic nervous system from OPA and LTPA. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether objectively measured OPA and LTPA are differentially associated with autonomic regulation among workers.MethodsThe study comprised 514 blue-collar workers from the Danish cohort DPHACTO. Physical activity (i.e. walking, climbing stairs, running and cycling) was assessed objectively using accelerometers worn on the thigh, hip and trunk over multiple working days. During this period, a heart rate monitor was used to sample heart period intervals from the ECG signal. Heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) indices were analyzed during nocturnal sleep as markers of autonomic regulation. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the main effects of OPA and LTPA and their interaction on heart rate and HRV, adjusting for multiple confounders.ResultsStatistically significant interaction was found between OPA and LTPA on heart rate (adjusted p<0.0001) and HRV indices in time (rMSSD, adjusted p = 0.004) and frequency-domains (HF, adjusted p = 0.022; LF, adjusted p = 0.033). The beneficial effect of LTPA on nocturnal heart rate and HRV clearly diminished with higher levels of OPA, and high levels of both OPA and LTPA had a detrimental effect.ConclusionWe found contrasting associations for objectively measured OPA and LTPA with heart rate and HRV during sleep. Differential effects of OPA and LTPA on autonomic regulation may contribute to the physical activity health paradox.
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| 16. |
- Hallman, David, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Symposium: Arbete, individ och nacksmärta : Forskning vid Forte-centret “Kroppen i arbete – från problem till potential”
- 2018
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Ingår i: FALF KONFERENS 2018 Arbetet - problem eller potential för en hållbar livsmiljö? 10-12 juni 2018 i Gävle. - Gävle : Gävle University Press. - 9789188145284 ; , s. 102-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Besvär ifrån kroppens muskler och leder såsom nack- och ryggbesvär är fortfarande ett stort problem inom arbetslivet. Muskuloskeletal diagnos är den vanligaste orsaken till lång sjukfrånvaro inom privat sektor och näst vanligast inom kommuner och landsting. Orsakerna till dessa besvär kan vara relaterade till exponering både under arbete och på fritid, men även till individfaktorer. Vår forskargrupp har en bred ansats för att fylla kunskapsluckor inom detta område och kommer att presentera resultat från flera forskningsprojekt i symposiet Arbete, individ och nacksmärta.Långvarigt sittande har blivit alltmer vanligt förekommande i många yrkesgrupper. Långvarigt sittande och låg fysisk aktivitet har också uppmärksammats som ett betydande hälsoproblem i dagens arbetsliv och även som en möjlig riskfaktor för smärta i nacke-skuldra. Men forskningen om betydelsen av långvarigt sittande för smärta i nacke-skuldra är fortfarande begränsad. Likaså är det oklart om huvudets hållning vid sittandet och nackens funktion, exempelvis nackens rörelsefunktion och styrka, har betydelse för besvärsutveckling. Statiskt arbete med nacken i vridna och böjda positioner misstänks vara en riskfaktor för nack-skuldersmärta i yrken såsom tandläkare, men det är oklart varför vissa exponerade individer drabbas medan andra inte får ont. För de med långvarig smärta krävs ofta rehabiliterande åtgärder, och hur väl dessa åtgärder lyckas kan även det vara beroende av individens fysiska och psykosociala arbetsmiljö. Individens arbetsmiljö påverkar således inte bara risken för om man får besvär utan kan också ha betydelse för hur rehabiliteringen av besvären lyckas.Syftet med detta symposium är att presentera studier från Centrum för belastningsskadeforskning som handlar om nacksmärta i arbetslivet, sammanfatta kunskapsläget inom området och diskutera hur arbetet kan utformas för att bli hållbart och inkluderande. De forskningsexempel som presenteras berör stillasittande och hållning i arbetslivet och dess tänkbara konsekvenser för nacksmärta och hälsa, riskfaktorer för nacksmärta i tandläkaryrket och arbetsmiljöns betydelse för resultatet av rehabilitering vid nacksmärta. Symposiet avslutas med en frågestund och gemensam diskussion.
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| 17. |
- Korshøj, Mette, et al.
(författare)
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Is objectively measured sitting at work associated with low-back pain? : a cross sectional study in the DPhacto cohort
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - : Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - 0355-3140 .- 1795-990X. ; 44:1, s. 96-105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives. Low back pain (LBP) is a substantial health challenge, due to the risk for long term sickness absence and early retirement. Several biomechanical exposures at work, including sitting, have been suggested to increase the risk for LBP. The objective of this study was to determine the extent to which temporal patterns and total amount of objectively measured sitting is associated with LBP intensity, and whether selected modifiers influence these associations.Methods. This cross sectional study uses baseline data from the Danish PHysical ACTivity cohort with objective measurements of physical activities in the cleaning, transport and manufacturing sectors. Peak intensity of LBP was collected by questionnaire on a 0-10 scale and sitting was expressed in terms of total duration and temporal pattern, i.e. time spent in brief bursts (≤5 minutes), moderate periods (>5 – ≤20 minutes) and prolonged periods of sitting (>20 minutes); both during work and whole day (waking hours only). Associations were determined using linear regression in models accounting for moderation and confounding. Factors evaluated as moderators or confounders were assessed by questionnaire.Results. The population consisted of 704 participants. No significant associations were found between total duration or temporal patterns of sitting and LBP intensity, neither during work nor for the whole day. Body Mass Index significantly moderated the association between sitting and LBP; participants with a high and low BMI showing a negative and positive association, respectively.Conclusion. Sitting was not independently associated with peak LBP intensity, suggesting other exposures to be more powerful risk factors for LBP.
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| 18. |
- Korshøj, Mette, et al.
(författare)
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Is there an association between temporal patterns of sitting and low-back pain? : A cross-sectional study
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionLow back pain (LBP) is a major global health challenge. Sitting is a suggested risk factor for LBP among blue-collar workers. Previously, information on sitting time has been collected by self-reports, being imprecise and biased compared to objective measurements. Therefore, we aimed at investigating the association between objectively measured sitting time and LBP among blue-collar workers.MethodsThe analysis is based on the DPHACTO cohort, and included 601 Danish blue-collar workers recruited from the cleaning, manufacturing and transport sector. Cross-sectional information on LBP intensity (range 0-10) was collected by questionnaire. Objective measurements of sitting were collected using two accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3X+) worn on the thigh and trunk during 1-5 workdays. Sitting time were split in occupational and leisure time and analyzed as the total duration, and divided in temporal patterns of uninterrupted long (> 30 min), moderate (> 5 – 30 min) and short (< 5 min) bouts by the exposure variation analysis method. Association between sitting and LBP intensity was analyzed using univariate ANOVA adjusted for age, sex, smoking, BMI, job seniority and occupational lifting and carrying activities. Additionally, total sitting were adjusted for physical activities (standing, walking, running, walking in stairs and biking) and sitting in opposite domain (occupational/leisure); and temporal pattern variables were mutually adjusted for other lengths of sitting bouts.ResultsNo associations were seen between total sitting time and LBP; (occupational B=0.017, p=0.53; leisure B=0.008, p=0.76). No associations seen between long (occupational B=-0.002, p=0.97; leisure B=0.010, p=0.75), moderate (occupational B=0.025, p=0.50; leisure B=0.006, p=0.90), or short (occupational B=0.035, p=0.63; leisure B=-0.009, p=0.95) bouts of uninterrupted sitting and LBP.Conclusions and implicationsObjectively measured sitting time was not associated with LBP in blue-collar workers; pointing toward other factors being attributed to LBP. Thus, this finding needs to be investigated in prospective designs.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Locks, Francisco, et al.
(författare)
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Association between objectively measured static standing and low back pain - a cross-sectional study among blue-collar workers
- 2018
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Ingår i: Ergonomics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0014-0139 .- 1366-5847. ; 61:9, s. 1196-1207
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims to investigate the cross-sectional association between objectively measured total time and temporal patterns of static standing (short bouts: 0-5 min; moderate bouts: >5-10 min; and long bouts: >10 min) during work and leisure and low back pain (LBP) among 698 blue-collar workers. Workers reported LBP on a 0-10 scale. The association between time spent on static standing and LBP was tested with linear regression. A positive association with LBP intensity was found for long bouts of static standing (β = 0.27) during total day (work + leisure), and total static standing time at leisure (β = 0.12). No significant associations were found for static standing during work and LBP intensity. These findings indicate that particularly long bouts of static standing over the entire day contribute to LBP in blue-collar workers.
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