| 1. |
- Frisk, Fredrik, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Root-filled teeth and recurrent caries-a study of three repeated cross-sectional samples from the city of Jönköping, Sweden.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-3850 .- 0001-6357. ; 69:6, s. 401-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that root-filled teeth are at a higher caries risk than non-root-filled teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two sub-samples from epidemiologically obtained data collected in 1983, 1993 and 2003 in the city of Jönköping, Sweden, were analysed. All the participants were examined clinically and radiographically and the type of filling and the presence or absence of caries were recorded. Sub-sample 1 comprised 832 individuals (9202 teeth) aged 20-70 years with at least eight premolars/molars. In sub-sample 2, 163 subjects (577 teeth) with only one or two decayed tooth surfaces and at least one tooth with full crown coverage were analysed. RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis found that root-filled teeth were predictive of recurrent caries when controlling for the type of restoration in sub-sample 1 (OR = 1.68; 1.41-2.0; CI 95%) and sub-sample 2 (OR = 2.20; 1.07-4.52; CI 95%). CONCLUSION: In support of the suggested hypothesis, the data revealed a significant association between root-filled teeth and recurrent caries.
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| 2. |
- Merdad, Khalid, et al.
(författare)
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Caries susceptibility of endodontically versus nonendodontically treated teeth.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of endodontics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1878-3554 .- 0099-2399. ; 37:2, s. 139-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- NTRODUCTION: The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the caries susceptibility of endodontically versus nonendodontically treated teeth in relation to dental plaque-related factors. METHODS: Twenty patients with 2 endodontically treated teeth (ETT) each were examined regarding cariogenic microflora of proximal plaque, in situ plaque pH drop after a sucrose rinse (Stephan curve), and de novo plaque formation. Recurrent caries and the quality of the coronal fillings/crowns of these teeth were also evaluated. ETT were compared with contralateral, nonendodontically treated teeth (NETT). RESULTS: Irrespective to the type of restoration, Streptococcus mutans count, de novo plaque formation, and recurrent caries were higher on the surface of ETT compared with NETT (P < .05). Moreover, the initial (resting) pH in plaque was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in ETT. CONCLUSIONS: ETT showed an increased susceptibility to caries as a result of either alteration in their biological environment or inadequacy of the marginal fit of the dental restoration. Clinicians should be aware of this risk.
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| 3. |
- Merdad, Khalid, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of the caries profile and caries risk in adults with endodontically treated teeth.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1528-395X .- 1079-2104. ; 110:2, s. 264-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study was set up to explore (1) a potential association between a person's caries risk profile and the presence or absence of root-filled teeth, and (2) the caries risk in endodontically treated teeth.
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| 4. |
- Al Mulla, Anas H, et al.
(författare)
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Caries risk profiles in orthodontic patients at follow-up using Cariogram.
- 2009
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Ingår i: The Angle orthodontist. - : The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation). - 0003-3219 .- 1945-7103. ; 79:2, s. 323-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To analyze caries-related factors shortly after orthodontic treatment and to use the Cariogram computer program to describe caries risk profiles at follow-up in these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred orthodontic patients age 12-29 years, with a mean age of 17.5 years, were included in the study. They were divided into two groups (50 in each) based on their prebonding decayed, filled surfaces index (DFS). High (5 > or = DFS) and low (2 < or = DFS) groups were created. All patients were examined after debonding in the following order: interview, plaque score, caries examination, saliva samples, bitewing radiographs, panoramic radiographs, and intra-oral digital photos. All types of carious lesions in both the enamel and dentine were diagnosed clinically and radiographically and included in the DFS index. A paraffin-stimulated whole saliva sample was collected for estimations of secretion rate, buffer capacity, and number of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli. RESULTS: The low caries group (2 < or = DFS) displayed a statistically significant difference and low values for the following factors, DFS (P < .001), lactobacilli (P < .001), mutans streptococci (P < .001), and high Cariogram percent (P < .001). The plaque index displayed very close significance (P = .051). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with high (5 > or = DFS) numbers before orthodontic treatment ran a higher risk of developing caries. They had significantly higher numbers of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli and had less chance of avoiding new cavities according to the Cariogram.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Al Mulla, Anas H, et al.
(författare)
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Modified fluoride toothpaste technique reduces caries in orthodontic patients: A longitudinal, randomized clinical trial.
- 2010
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Ingår i: American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1097-6752. ; 138:3, s. 285-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hypothesis of this study was that toothpaste slurry rinsing, combined with other simple postbrushing steps (the modified fluoride toothpaste technique [MFTT]), would reduce the number of decayed and filled tooth surfaces.
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| 7. |
- Al Mulla, Anas H, et al.
(författare)
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On Caries Risk Profiles Using Cariogram and Caries Prevention with Fluoridated Toothpaste in Orthodontic Patients
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objective. The aims of this thesis were to: 1) analyse caries-related factors shortly after orthodontic treatment, 2) demonstrate the usefulness of the Cariogram by presenting orthodontic patients with different caries-risk profiles, 3) compare two different toothpastes with different post brushing techniques using an in situ caries model with orthodontic bands, and 4) test the hypothesis that toothpaste slurry rinsing, combined with some other simple post-brushing advice (in this thesis called the “modified F toothpaste technique, MFTT“), would reduce the number of decayed and filled tooth surfaces (DFS) in a 2-year randomised clinical trial in orthodontic patients. Materials and Methods. In Study I, a total of 100 patients were divided into two groups (50 in each), based on their pre-bonding DFS. A high- (DFS ≥ 5) and a low- (DFS ≤ 2) caries group were created. In Study II, three cases were selected to present the three caries risk groups, i.e. high, medium and low. In Study III, 20 orthodontic patients were randomised into two groups: 1) a test group using 5,000 ppm F with no post-brushing water rinsing and 2) a control group using 1,450 ppm F with 3 times post-brushing water rinsing. On the upper first premolars, orthodontic stainless steel bands were applied, leaving 2-3 mm of space away from the exposed buccal surface in order to accumulate plaque and create an area for initial caries development. The teeth were extracted after 8 and 9 weeks and were then analysed using Quantitative Light-induced Fluorescence (QLF). Moreover, the oral F retention was studied using the two brushing techniques. The Study IV population consisted of 100 orthodontic patients randomly divided into two groups. Each patient was examined before the beginning of orthodontic treatment (baseline) and shortly after de- bonding (follow-up) within a 2-year study period. The test group patients were instructed to use the MFTT, in which various behavioural factors were standardised in order to improve the caries preventive effect of F toothpaste. The control group patients were given the routine clinic oral hygiene instructions. Results. In Study I, the low-caries group displayed lower DFS (p < 0.001), lactobacilli (p < 0.001) and mutans streptococci (p < 0.001) and higher Cariogram values (p < 0.001). Study II showed that the Cariogram was a useful tool for distinguishing between low, medium and high caries risk patients. In Study III, in comparison to the control group, the test group regimen resulted in a non- significant smaller QLF lesion area and lower average QLF loss of fluorescence (p < 0.05). The highest F concentration under the band was found in the test group (p < 0.001). In Study IV, the clinical (p < 0.001), radiographic (p < 0.001) and clinical + radiographic (p < 0.001) ΔDFS (incidences) were significantly reduced in the test group in comparison to the controls, with prevented fractions of 87%, 78% and 83% respectively. Conclusions. 1) Patients with high DFS before orthodontic treatment ran a higher risk of developing caries. They had significantly higher numbers of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli and had less chance of avoiding new cavities according to the Cariogram. 2) The Cariogram may be a useful pedagogic model for illustrating a patient’s caries risk in the orthodontic clinic. 3) The combination of using a 5,000 ppm F toothpaste and no post-brushing water rinsing had better anti-caries potential and resulted in elevated oral F retention, compared with a 1,450 ppm F toothpaste with 3 times post-brushing water rinsing. 4) Compared with routine oral hygiene instructions including F toothpaste, the use of the MFTT significantly reduces the incidence of new caries lesions in orthodontic patients.
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| 8. |
- Al Mulla, Anas H, et al.
(författare)
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The use of cariogram to evaluate caries-risk profiles in orthodontic patients.
- 2010
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Ingår i: World journal of orthodontics. - 1941-6741. ; 11:2, s. 160-167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article describes the usefulness of Cariogram software in three orthodontic patients with high-, medium-, and low-risk caries profiles. Caries-related indicators and information needed for the Cariogram model were registered. The prebonding decayed and filled surfaces (DFS) indices for patient 1 (15-year-old girl) and patient 2 (18-year-old woman) were > 5, while in patient 3 (15-year-old boy), the DFS index was < 2. The data were entered into the interactive Cariogram software, which shows the various caries-related indicators. Patients 1, 2, and 3 had 6%, 58%, and 87%, respectively, actual chance of avoiding new caries. Patient 1 had high lactobacilli and medium mutans streptococci scores and a high caries risk. Patient 2 had a high DFS index and low buffer capacity, resulting in a medium caries risk. Patient 3 had low mutans streptococci and high lactobacilli scores and a low DFS index, resulting in a low caries risk. The Cariogram is available free online and is a useful educational model to illustrate a patient's caries risk. World J Orthod 2010;11:160-167.
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| 9. |
- Alian, Anna Y, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of caries risk in elderly patients using the Cariogram model.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of the Canadian Dental Association. - 1488-2159. ; 72:5, s. 459-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For several decades, Swedish researchers, clinicians and educators have recognized risk assessment as an important part of routine management of dental caries. Innovative caries risk assessment models, such as the Cariogram software program, have been developed to systematize the evaluation of various risk factors for caries and to develop targeted prevention interventions based on caries risk. The benefits derived from these models in terms of improving the health of high-risk groups such as older adults have not been well studied. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the application of the Cariogram software in the management of dental care for 3 elderly patients.
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| 10. |
- Alm, Anita, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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BMI status in Swedish children and young adults in relation to caries prevalence.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Swedish dental journal. - : Swedish Dental Association. - 0347-9994. ; 35:1, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Overweight and obesity are increasing as health problems at global level. Dental caries and obesity are both multifactorial diseases and are associated with dietary habits. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between body weight status and caries prevalence in an unselected population followed from pre-school years to young adulthood. The present investigation was designed as a longitudinal analysis of the association between overweight/obesity and dental caries in one population at 3, 6, 15 and 20 years of age. The result shows that adolescents (15 years) and young adults (20 years) who are overweight/obese had a statistically significantly higher caries prevalence than normal-weight young people. At 6 years of age, the odds (OR) of having caries among obese children are 2.5 times higher than the odds for caries among six-year-old children of normal weight (p = 0.04). At 3 years of age, no association between overweight/obesity and caries was found. To conclude, overweight and obese adolescents and young adults had more caries than normal-weight individuals. The present study emphasises the need for multidisciplinary approaches to change the lifestyle factors causing both overweight/obesity and dental caries.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Alm, A., et al.
(författare)
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Caries in adolescence - influence from early childhood
- 2012
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0301-5661 .- 1600-0528. ; 40:2, s. 125-133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To analyse the relationship between caries determinants in early childhood and caries prevalence in proximal surfaces in adolescents at the age of 15 years. Methods: The present longitudinal study is part of a series of surveys of oral health in 671 children followed from 1 to 15 years of age. Data were selected from examinations, interviews and questionnaires at 1, 3 and 6 years and bitewing radiographs at 15 years of age. Uni- and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify caries-related determinants. The outcome variable was carious lesions and fillings (DFa) in approximal tooth surfaces at 15 years of age. Statistical comparisons were made between caries-free teenagers, DFa = 0 and teenagers with DFa > 0, DFa 4 and DFa 8, respectively. Results: In the final logistic regression analyses, caries experience at 6 years and mother's self-estimation of her oral health care as being less good to poor remained statistically significant and were related to caries in all three caries groups (i.e. DF > 0, 4 and 8) at 15 years of age. The consumption of sweets at 1 year remained statistically significant, with a caries experience of DF 4 and 8. The variables 'parents born abroad' and female gender were statistically significantly associated with DFa 4 and DFa 8, respectively. Furthermore, infrequent toothbrushing habits at 3 years of age and failure to attend the examination at 1 year were statistically significantly associated with caries at 15 years in the univariable analyses. Conclusion: Early caries experience, consumption of sweets at an early age and mother's self-estimation of her oral health care as being less good to poor are associated with approximal caries in adolescents. The study indicates that caries determinants identified during early childhood have a strong impact on approximal caries in adolescence.
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| 13. |
- Alm, Anita, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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Oral hygiene and parent-related factors during early childhood in relation to approximal caries at 15 years of age
- 2008
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Ingår i: Caries Research. - : S. Karger AG. - 0008-6568 .- 1421-976X. ; 42:1, s. 28-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to investigate whether oral hygiene habits and parent-related factors, recorded in early childhood, have a predictive value in relation to approximal caries experience (including initial caries lesions) at the age of 15 years (n = 568). Data were selected from examinations, interviews and questionnaires at 1 and 3 years and bitewing radiographs at 15 years. Four levels of cut-off points for the statistical analysis were used: DFa = 0, > 0, ≧4 and ≧8. In the final logistic regression analyses, mother’s self-estimation of her oral health care being less good remained statistically significant and predicted a caries experience of DFa > 0 at 15 years. The following four variables predicted DFa ≧4: (1) female gender, (2) plaque on maxillary incisors at 1 year, (3) mother’s self-estimation of her oral health care being less good and (4) father being less satisfied with his social situation. Two variables predicted DFa ≧8: (1) toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste just once a day, and (2) father being less satisfied with his social situation. Furthermore, children who failed to attend the examination at 1 year of age had 6.95 ± 5.36 (mean ± SD) DFa at 15 years compared with 3.10 ± 3.85 for children who were examined at 1 year of age (p < 0.01). To conclude, factors explaining good dental health at 15 years of age pertained to both children and parents. Thus, it seems that good oral hygiene habits, established in early childhood, provide a foundation for a low experience of approximal caries in adolescents.
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| 14. |
- Alm, Anita, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of approximal caries in posterior teeth in 15-year-old Swedish teenagers in relation to their caries experience at 3 years of age.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Caries research. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-976X .- 0008-6568. ; 41:5, s. 392-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present investigation was to study the prevalence of approximal caries lesions and fillings in posterior teeth at 15 years of age in a prospectively followed Swedish population (n = 568), with special reference to their caries experience at the age of 3 years. Only approximal surfaces were recorded, since all children in the Community of Jönköping have had fissure sealing performed on all caries-free permanent molars. At 15 years of age, the mean number of approximal tooth surfaces with initial caries lesions (D(i)a), manifest caries lesions and fillings (D(m)Fa) and total caries experience and fillings (D(i + m)Fa)--recorded on bitewing radiographs--was 2.78 , 0.45 and 3.23, respectively. One third of the adolescents had no approximal caries or fillings; the D(i)a constituted 86% of the D(i + m)Fa. Children with manifest caries at 3 years of age had a higher risk of developing approximal caries in their permanent teeth than caries-free children at the same age (41 vs. 17%). Furthermore, children who were caries-free at 3 years of age were more likely to remain caries-free at 15 years of age compared to children with manifest caries (37 vs. 17%). All these differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Additionally, early childhood caries experience (developed before 3 years of age) had a greater predictive value than late childhood caries experience (developed between 3 and 6 years of age) concerning approximal caries at 15 years of age.
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| 15. |
- Almosa, Naif Abdullah, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Caries risk profile using the Cariogram in governmental and private orthodontic patients at de-bonding.
- 2012
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Ingår i: The Angle orthodontist. - : The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation). - 1945-7103 .- 0003-3219. ; 82:2, s. 267-274
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Objectives: To analyze various caries-related factors in orthodontic patients at de-bonding, and to test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in caries risk between governmental and private orthodontic patients immediately after orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional examination was carried out on 89 orthodontic patients aged 13-29years, mean age 21.5years. They were divided into two groups based on the center of treatment, governmental group (G) (n = 45) and private group (P) (n = 44). The investigation comprised a questionnaire, plaque scoring, caries examination, bitewing radiographs, salivary secretion rate, buffering capacity, and cariogenic microorganisms. Data were entered into the Cariogram PC program to illustrate caries risk profiles. Results: Findings revealed that "the chance of avoiding new cavities," according to the Cariogram, was high in the P-group and low in the G-group (61% and 28%, respectively) (P < .001). Decayed, missing, and filled surfaces (DMFS), plaque index, mutans streptococcus and lactobacillus counts, and salivary buffer capacity were significantly higher in the G-group compared with the P-group (P < .05). The total number of caries lesions at de-bonding in the G-group was more than two times higher than that in the P-group (150 vs 68) (P < .001). Conclusions: The "chance to avoid new cavities" in orthodontic patients at de-bonding was less in the governmental group compared with the private group, as illustrated by the Cariogram. The governmental group also had significantly less favorable values than the private group for most of the caries-related factors.
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| 16. |
- Almosa, N. A., et al.
(författare)
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Caries risk profiles in orthodontic patients: A 4-year follow-up study using the Cariogram model in governmental vs. private clinics
- 2018
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Ingår i: Saudi Dental Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1013-9052. ; 30:2, s. 166-174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To (1) analyze caries-related factors and (2) evaluate caries risk using the Cariogram model for governmental and private orthodontic patients at de-bonding and 4 years after de-bonding. Materials and methods: Forty orthodontic patients with mean age of 26.4 years were recruited from a governmental (G) group (n = 20) and private (P) group (n = 20) and were examined at de-bonding (T1) and 4 years after de-bonding (T2). The examination included a questionnaire, plaque scoring, caries examination, bitewing radiographs, and assessment of salivary secretion rate, buffering capacity and cariogenic microorganisms. The data were entered into the Cariogram program to illustrate the caries risk profiles. Results: The chance to avoid new cavities was higher in P-group compared to G-group at T1 (58% and 31%, respectively) (P < 0.01) and T2 (77% and 52%, respectively) (P < 0.001). Plaque index was significantly higher in G-group, and fluoride was used significantly more in P-group at T1 and T2 (P < 0.05). The chance to avoid new cavities was higher at T2 compared to T1 (64% and 44%, respectively) (P < 0.001). Saliva secretion rate and buffer capacity were significantly increased, and the plaque index was significantly decreased at T2 compared to T1 (P < 0.01). Conclusion: According to the Cariogram, orthodontic patients were less likely to avoid new cavities at de-bonding and 4 years after de-bonding in government clinics compared to private clinics, and the caries risk significantly decreased 4 years after orthodontic treatment for all patients, regardless of the location of treatment. (C) 2018 The Authors. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University.
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| 17. |
- Almosa, Naif Abdullah, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnosing the severity of buccal caries lesions in governmental and private orthodontic patients at debonding, using the ICDAS-II and the DIAGNOdent Pen.
- 2014
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Ingår i: The Angle orthodontist. - : The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation). - 1945-7103 .- 0003-3219. ; 84:3, s. 430-436
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Objectives: To clinically evaluate the prevalence of buccal caries and white spot lesions (WSLs) at debonding in governmental and private orthodontic patients, using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS-II) and the DIAGNOdent Pen, and to study the correlation between the two methods. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on the nonextracted premolars and anterior teeth of 89 orthodontic patients. They were recruited into two groups based on the treatment center they attended: governmental group (G; n = 45) and private group (P; n = 44). Immediately after debonding, the examination of buccal caries and WSLs on premolars and anterior teeth was carried out using the ICDAS-II and the DIAGNOdent Pen. Cross-tabulation was applied to study the correlation between the ICDAS-II index and the DIAGNOdent Pen by calculating the Spearman correlation coefficient. Results: The G group showed a significantly higher (P < .0001) prevalence of WSLs and/or buccal caries compared to that of the P group based on evaluation by the two methods. Based on ICDAS-II, 43% of the patients in the P group and 9% in the G group were free from any WSLs. In the G group, 22% of the patients had ≥16 lesions, whereas there were none for the P group. The Spearman correlation coefficient between the two methods was .71. Conclusions: The prevalence of caries and/or WSLs at debonding was significantly higher in the G group compared to the P group. The clinical index (ICDAS-II) showed a good correlation with the DIAGNOdent Pen.
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| 18. |
- Almosa, Naif Abdullah, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnosing the severity of buccal caries lesions in orthodontic patients at de-bonding using digital photographs.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Acta odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-3850 .- 0001-6357. ; 72:6, s. 474-480
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Objective. The aims of this study were (1) to evaluate the severity of buccal caries lesions according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) criteria via scoring buccal caries lesions on digital photographs at the time of de-bonding and (2) to compare this method with clinical examination. Materials and methods. In total, 89 patients treated with upper and lower fixed appliances were clinically examined immediately after de-bonding by the first author and buccal caries were scored according to the ICDAS-II. Close-up digital photographs were taken of 245 teeth with different buccal caries lesion scores according to the ICDAS-II. Thirteen postgraduate orthodontics students independently scored the buccal caries lesions in the digital photographs using the modified clinical criteria (ICDAS-II). Intra- and inter-examiner reliabilities were evaluated by calculating the weighted kappa. To evaluate the validity of diagnosing the severity of buccal caries lesions using digital photographs compared to clinical examination, Spearman's correlation coefficient was calculated. Results. Intra-examiner reliability and the reliability between each examiner and the clinical examination showed moderate-to-excellent agreement, with kappa values of 0.52-0.83. Scoring buccal caries lesions via clinical examinations and scoring via photographs were well correlated according to the modified ICDAS-II criteria (Spearman's correlation coefficient, 0.76). Conclusions. Thus, scoring buccal caries lesions on digital photographs according to ICDAS-II criteria is a reliable and valid method for assessing the severity of buccal caries lesions.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Alstad, Torgny, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Patterns of carbohydrate intake--a study of typology, associations and changes over time in an elderly Swedish population.
- 2006
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Ingår i: The journal of nutrition, health & aging. - 1279-7707. ; 10:5, s. 401-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Patterns may explain part of the dietary variation between subjects. OBJECTIVE: To create a typology of carbohydrate intake among the elderly and to analyse whether it seems valuable or not. DESIGN: Factor and cluster-analyses of dietary interviews from two elderly cohorts of free-living elderly people in Göteborg, Sweden. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Three hundred and thirty seven women and three hundred and twenty three men aged 70-79 was studied cross-sectionally and longitudinally. The altogether 917 dietary interviews were based on the dietary history method. Cluster analysis, based on factor scores, was used to create the typology. RESULTS: Seven clusters were identified: 1) Small eaters (high relative intake of starch and a low energy intake), 2) Lean and green eaters (high intake of dietary fibre), 3) Fruit eaters (high intake of monosaccharides), 4) Sweet tooth eaters (high intake of sucrose), 5) Gourmands (high absolute intake of starch, dietary fibre and energy), 6) Milk drinkers (high intake of lactose) and 7) Fat eaters (high intake of fat and low intake of carbohydrates). The different patterns were associated with different food consumption, different intake of micronutrients and different social and physiological factors. There were also changes over time of the proportion of subject within the clusters. CONCLUSIONS: The typology found by using cluster analysis, seems to be valid and was related to all analysed dimensions. Therefore, the methods may be valuable for describing and analysing the dietary intake among elderly.
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| 23. |
- Aranibar Quiros, Miguel, et al.
(författare)
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Relationship between Plaque pH and Different Caries-Associated Variables in a Group of Adolescents with Varying Caries Prevalence
- 2014
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Ingår i: Caries Research. - : S. Karger AG. - 0008-6568 .- 1421-976X. ; 48:2, s. 147-153
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pH response of the dental biofilm after a sugar challenge can be considered to mirror the acidogenic potential and thereby the caries risk of an individual. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the relationship between plaque pH and different caries variables in adolescents with varying caries prevalence. One hundred individuals, aged 14-15 years, were examined regarding different caries-related variables: (i) caries score (DSm, DSi, DSm + i, DTm), (ii) salivary secretion rate and buffer capacity, (iii) oral microflora of plaque and saliva, (iv) plaque amount, (v) plaque pH and (vi) dietary intake, oral hygiene habits and fluoride use. Plaque pH was assessed using the microtouch method before and after a 1-min mouthrinse with 10 ml 10% sucrose. Depending on the minimum pH, the participants were divided into three groups: low pH (≤5.3), medium pH (>5.3-6.3) and high pH (>6.3). Statistically significant differences between the three groups (p < 0.01) were found for initial caries (DSi) and combined manifest and initial caries (DSm + i). A statistically significant difference was also found in the log values for salivary lactobacilli (p = 0.02) within the three groups, and for the total number of bacteria in plaque (p = 0.04); for both variables, the low-pH group had the highest values. The only covariate significantly associated was the Cariogram score in the medium-pH group (p < 0.01) and the number of meals per day in the high-pH group (p = 0.02). To conclude, plaque pH measured by the microtouch method is a method that can be used for discriminating between individuals with varying caries prevalence. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel.
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| 24. |
- Arvidsson, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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BMI, eating habits and sleep in relation to salivary counts of mutans streptococci in children - the IDEFICS Sweden study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Public Health Nutrition. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1368-9800 .- 1475-2727. ; 19:6, s. 1088-1092
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The objective of the present study was to investigate the association between salivary counts of mutans streptococci (MS) and children's weight status, while considering associated covariates. MS ferments carbohydrates from the diet and contributes to caries by lowering the pH in dental plaque. In adults, high counts of MS in saliva have been associated with overweight, but this has not been shown in children. Design: Cross-sectional study investigating salivary counts of MS, BMI Z-score, waist circumference, meal frequency, sugar propensity and sleep duration, in children. Setting: West Sweden. Subjects: Children (n 271) aged 4-11 years. Results: Medium-high counts of MS were positively associated with higher BMI Z-score (OR=1.6; 95 % CI 1.1, 2.3). Positive associations were also found between medium-high counts of MS and more frequent meals per day (OR=1.5; 95 % CI 1.1, 2.2), greater percentage of sugar-rich foods consumed (OR=1.1; 95 % CI 1.0, 1.3) and female sex (OR=2.4; 95 % CI 1.1, 5.4). A negative association was found between medium-high counts of MS and longer sleep duration (OR=0.5; 95 % CI 0.3, 1.0). Conclusions: BMI Z-score was associated with counts of MS. Promoting adequate sleep duration and limiting the intake frequency of sugar-rich foods and beverages could provide multiple benefits in public health interventions aimed at reducing dental caries and childhood overweight.
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| 25. |
- Baeshen, H. A., et al.
(författare)
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Dental caries and risk factors in Swedish adolescents about to start orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice. - : Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishing. - 1526-3711. ; 20:5, s. 537-542
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the caries situation in a group of Swedish adolescents, who were scheduled for orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. Materials and methods: An age- and gender-matched control group was selected from the same city (Malmö, Sweden). Caries and fillings on smooth surfaces and fillings on occlusal surfaces were diagnosed clinically and caries and fillings on approximal surfaces by bitewings. Numbers of mutans streptococci (MS) and lactobacilli (LB) were analyzed in saliva. Results: There were no significant differences regarding manifest caries lesions and fillings on smooth surfaces. Numbers of occlusal-filled surfaces (FS) and approximal decayed and filled surfaces were around 10%, but did not differ between the groups. However, 53% had approximal enamel caries lesions in the test group and 46% in the control group. The prevalence of approximal decayed surfaces (DS) and FS was low in both groups, 0.57 ± 1.41 in the test group and 0.65 ± 1.38 in the control group (p > 0.05), i.e., somewhat more DS in the control group (p < 0.05). Most individuals had low/medium counts of cariogenic bacteria in their saliva and less than 10% high counts in both groups. Conclusion: Most Swedish adolescents who have been scheduled for treatment with fixed appliances appear to have a low-to-medium caries risk nowadays. However, around 10% of all approximal tooth surfaces of premolars/molars had enamel caries and one-third of the individuals had medium/high counts of cariogenic bacteria in their saliva, which may be risk factors for future caries during orthodontic treatment. © The Author(s).
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| 26. |
- Baeshen, Hosam A, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of fluoridated chewing sticks (Miswaks) on white spot lesions in postorthodontic patients.
- 2011
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Ingår i: American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1097-6752. ; 140:3, s. 291-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: This article illustrates a new treatment method and evaluates the effect of the frequent use of fluoridated chewing sticks (miswaks) on the remineralization of white spot lesions (WSLs) diagnosed at debonding. METHODS: Thirty-seven orthodontic patients (mean age, 17.2 years), with a minimum of 4 WSLs on the buccal surfaces of the maxillary incisors, canines, premolars, and first molars after orthodontic therapy, were enrolled in a double-blind, randomized, longitudinal trial lasting 6 weeks. The subjects were divided into 2 groups using fluoridated miswaks impregnated in 0.5% sodium fluoride (test group, n = 19) and nonfluoridated miswaks (control group, n = 18). A custom-made mouth tray, covering half of the maxillary dentition, was used while brushing with the miswaks 5 times per day. The WSLs were scored by using a DIAGNOdent pen (KaVo, Biberach, Germany) and with the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS II) index, at baseline and 2, 4, and 6 weeks after debonding. RESULTS: Both the DIAGNOdent readings and the ICDAS II index of the WSLs decreased in the test group on the uncovered side of the dentition but not on the covered side during the 6-week trial (P <0.0001). There was also a slight improvement in the control group (not significant). There was a strong correlation between the DIAGNOdent values and the ICDAS II index when all the data were pooled (P <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The frequent use of fluoridated miswaks had a remineralizing effect on WSLs. The DIAGNOdent pen might be a useful tool for diagnosing and monitoring changes of WSLs over a relatively short period of time. .
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| 27. |
- Baeshen, Hosam A, et al.
(författare)
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Oral fluoride retention in orthodontic patients with and without fixed appliances after using different fluoridated home–care products.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6357. ; 68:4, s. 185-192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To evaluate oral fluoride (F) retention after using fluoridated toothpastes, rinsing solutions and chewing sticks (Miswaks) in orthodontic patients with and without orthodontic appliances. Material and methods. Nine orthodontic patients, with a mean age of 16 years, were included in a randomized, cross-over, experimental study. Six different home-care F products, two NaF toothpastes (0.32% and 1.1%), two NaF mouthwash solutions (0.05% and 0.2%) and two NaF-impregnated Miswaks chewing sticks (0.05% and 0.5%), were used both during the orthodontic treatment and 1 week after debonding. Unstimulated whole saliva and approximal saliva were collected from two interdental sites, before and up to 60 min after using each product for 2 min. The retention of F was calculated as the area under the 60-min F-clearance curve (AUC). Results. In general, the F concentrations at the various sites were higher before than after debonding. Moreover, the products with a high F content (toothpaste, mouthwash and Miswaks) resulted in higher F retention than the corresponding products with a lower F content. In whole saliva, the highest AUC values were found in patients using 0.2% NaF mouthwash, followed by 1.1% NaF toothpaste (p <0.05). In approximal saliva, the retention values were highest after using 0.5% NaF-impregnated Miswaks in patients wearing orthodontic appliances (p <0.001). Conclusions. The insertion of fixed orthodontic appliances appears to favor oral F retention for all the tested home-care F products. In addition, products with a high F content increase oral F retention.
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| 28. |
- Baeshen, Hosam A, et al.
(författare)
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Release of fluoride from fresh and old NaF-impregnated chewing sticks (Miswaks) in vitro and oral retention in vivo.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Oral health & preventive dentistry. - 1602-1622. ; 8:1, s. 93-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The objectives of the present investigation were to study fluoride (F) release from NaF-impregnated chewing sticks (Miswaks) in vitro and to study the F clearance in saliva and the F oral retention in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Both fresh and old Miswaks were collected from 10 stores in Saudi Arabia and fluoridated in 0.01%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1% and 3% NaF. The F release was studied in vitro up to 60 min. In vivo, 10 subjects used Miswaks fluoridated in 0.01%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1% and 3% NaF for 2 min (Series I). The subjects were asked to spit out all saliva in a beaker during a 12-min period without swallowing. The F present in the obtained saliva was considered to represent the 'F retention'. In Series II, the same type of Miswaks were used as in Series I. Repeated whole saliva unstimulated samples were collected before and up to 30 min after. These two series were carried out in another 10 subjects (Series III and IV), but with Miswaks fluoridated in a more narrow range of concentration (0.05% to 0.5% NaF). Brushing with 1 g of F-containing dentifrice (0.32% NaF) was used as a control. RESULTS: There were only small differences between fresh and old Miswaks, but great variations were observed between Miswaks that were purchased from different stores. Miswaks fluoridated in 0.1% to 0.5% NaF could be considered as an 'optimum level' with respect to both the F concentration in saliva and the F retention. CONCLUSIONS: It is recommended to use fresh Miswaks impregnated in 0.1% NaF or a maximum of 0.5% NaF for a day, as they are interesting and safe products for the prevention of caries and could be widely used in countries such as Saudi Arabia.
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| 29. |
- Baeshen, Hosam A, et al.
(författare)
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Uptake and release of fluoride from fluoride-impregnated chewing sticks (miswaks) in vitro and in vivo.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Caries research. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-976X .- 0008-6568. ; 42:5, s. 363-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose was to investigate the uptake and release of fluoride (F) from F-impregnated chewing sticks (miswaks). In the first series, 3-cm-long pieces were impregnated in 1, 2, 3 and 4% NaF solutions for 3 h, 1 day and 3 days (10 pieces/test). There was a dose-response effect with respect to both impregnation time and the concentration of the F solution. In the second and third series, totally 40 miswak pieces were impregnated in 3% NaF for 1 day and 3 days; the outer layer (bark) was separated from the inner spongy part (pulp) and analyzed separately. F was released from both parts, but somewhat more was released from the bark than from the pulp; a plateau was reached at around 30 min. In vivo, 9 healthy subjects used three products for 2 min in a crossover design: (1) a miswak impregnated in 3% NaF for 1 day, (2) a miswak impregnated in 3% NaF for 3 days, and (3) 1 g of F toothpaste (containing 1,450 ppm F as NaF) on a toothbrush. The highest F concentration at the approximal area was obtained after using the miswak impregnated in 3% NaF for 3 days compared with the other products (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). To conclude, NaF-impregnated miswaks produced a rapid release of F in vitro as well as in vivo and may be an interesting vehicle for home care use for caries prevention in countries where they are used regularly.
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| 30. |
- Bassiouny, Dalia S., et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of maxillary lateral incisor agenesis and associated skeletal characteristics in an orthodontic patient population
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 74, s. 456-459
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2016 Acta Odontologica Scandinavica Society. Abstract: Objectives: This study was aimed to investigate the prevalence of maxillary lateral incisor agenesis and associated skeletal characteristics in an orthodontic patient population. Materials and methods: The records of the 1066 patients seeking orthodontic treatment were screened for maxillary lateral incisor agenesis (MLIA). The following data were recorded for each subject: age; gender; unilateral or bilateral agenesis of MLI and side. The lateral cephalogram of each subject with MLIA was digitally traced. The data were compared to age-matched control orthodontic patients with skeletal Class I. Results: The prevalence of maxillary lateral incisor agenesis was 4.9% (52 patients) in which 63.5% were females. There was a significant difference between MLIA patients and controls in sagittal relationships (ANB, Wits, AB plane, angle of convexity and Co-A/Co-Gn differential analyses) p < 0.05. Conclusions: Patients with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis showed a significant tendency for skeletal Class III compared with the Class I control. This could be attributed to maxillary hypoplasia/retrognathia.
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| 31. |
- Bergström, Eva-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Adolescents' experiences of participating in a school-based fluoride varnish programme in Sweden.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Swedish dental journal. - 0347-9994. ; 36:3, s. 133-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Population-based health promotion with school-based fluoride varnish programmes is becoming more frequent, as these programmes have been implemented in many parts of Sweden during the last five years. The caries-prevention effect is well studied, but as yet there is no study aimed at adolescents'experiences of these programmes. The aim of this study was therefore to describe how a school-based fluoride varnish programme is experienced by participating adolescents. The study was performed as a qualitative study by conducting four focus-groups interviews. In all, 26 adolescents participated, all aged 15. All the participants had several years'experiences of a fluoride varnish programme at school. The participants were asked to describe their experience of participating in the programme.The analysis of the data from the interviews was carried out according to the principles of phenomenography.The three themes that emerged were"Conceptions in relation to the individual", "Conceptions in relation to the school dental nurse"and "Conceptions in relation to the group and school". The result showed that the adolescents experienced that it was positive to take part in a fluoride varnish programme at school and they regarded the school as an important health promotion arena. In spite of this, there were perceptions that were worth reflecting on for school dental nurses, such as feelings of exposure, peer pressure and a perceived lack of information. To further improve these programmes, and thereby increase population-based dental health promotion, it is important to highlight the role of dental personnel, as they are largely responsible for creating the atmosphere.
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| 32. |
- Bergström, Eva-Karin, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Approximal caries increment in adolescents in a low caries prevalence area in Sweden after a 3.5-year school-based fluoride varnish programme with Bifluorid 12 and Duraphat
- 2014
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Ingår i: Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. - : Wiley. - 0301-5661. ; 42:5, s. 404-411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesTo evaluate approximal caries increment among 12- to 16-year-olds in a low caries prevalence area in Sweden after a 3.5-year school-based fluoride (F) varnish programme with Bifluorid 12 and Duraphat. MethodsThe design was a RCT study with 1365 adolescents, divided into following four groups: Group 1 Bifluorid 12 two applications/year; Group 2 Duraphat two applications/year; Group 3 Bifluorid 12 four applications/year and Group 4 no F varnish at school. 1143 children (84%) completed the study. Approximal caries was registered on bitewing radiographs. ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences in caries prevalence among the groups either at baseline or after 3.5years . The caries increment for Group 1 was 1.342.99 (mean +/- SD), 1.24 +/- 2.84 for Group 2, 1.07 +/- 2.66 for Group 3 and 1.25 +/- 2.75 for Group 4, with no statically significant differences either between Bifluorid 12 and Duraphat with the same frequency of F varnish applications or between the F groups and the control group. ConclusionsIn an area with low caries prevalence in Sweden, the supplementary caries-preventive effect of school-based F varnish applications, to regular use of F toothpaste at home and to regular caries prevention given at the Public Dental Clinics, appears to be nonsignificant regarding approximal caries increment.
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| 33. |
- Bergström, Eva-Karin, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Dental nurses' experiences of performing a school-based fluoride varnish programme for children and adolescents in Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 40:2, s. 181-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In many parts of Sweden today, school-based fluoride varnish programmes (FVP) are performed by dental nurses. Studies have shown that the dental personnel are largely responsible for creating the atmosphere related to children's and adolescents' experiences of the programmes. Knowledge of dental nurses' experiences of performing FVP is therefore crucial in order to develop and improve these programmes and the dental health of children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to describe dental nurses' experiences of performing FVP for children and adolescents in Sweden. Fifteen female dental nurses, strategically chosen, aged 40-63, from the Public Dental Service in the Vastra Gotaland Region, Sweden, were individually interviewed. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed according to the phenomenographic approach. Three themes with a total of-n categories, all describing the dental nurses' conceptions of performing FVP, emerged in the analysis. The main conclusions were that in overall terms, performing an FVP was found to be a positive experience for the dental nurses, as it meant meeting children and adolescents in a context in which the children and adolescents are comfortable and relaxed. The opportunity to identify children and adolescents with poor dental health or poor health and to be able to offer them assistance was regarded as a major advantage. In addition, the participants described a feeling of professional development originating from the challenges associated with working in an arena outside the dental clinic.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Birkhed, Dowen, 1946
(författare)
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Karies hos äldre angeläget forskningsområde
- 2008
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Ingår i: Tandläkartidningen. ; 100:12, s. 40-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Avdelningen för cariologi har länge forskat kring kariesrelaterade faktorer hos äldre. Forskningsområdet känns än mer angeläget i dag med tanke på att andelen äldre ökar i befolkningen och att många människor behåller sina tänder högt upp i åldern.
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| 37. |
- Bommanavar, S., et al.
(författare)
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Role of matrix vesicles and crystal ghosts in bio-mineralization
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0914-8779 .- 1435-5604. ; 38, s. 759-764
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Matrix vesicles (MVs) are extracellular membrane-bound vesicles of about similar to 50-200 nm in diameter that play a role in the bio-mineralization process of hard tissue formation. The present review is based on the empirical phenomenon of primary mineralization process via matrix vesicle-mediated mechanism with special reference to crystal ghosts as well as the mechanism on the organic-inorganic relationship between matrix vesicles and crystal ghosts, and the transformation that these structures undergo during bio-mineralization.
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| 38. |
- Carlén, Anette, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Human minor and major gland saliva proteins and ability to mediate Actinomyces naeslundii adherence.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Archives of oral biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-9969. ; 49:3, s. 177-81
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bacteria-binding components and the ability to mediate bacterial adhesion to the tooth surface have been thoroughly studied in major salivary gland secretions. Our knowledge on the bacteria binding activity in minor gland saliva is, however, limited. In this study, proteins were examined in parallel in minor (palatal, buccal and labial) and major (parotid and submandibular/sublingual) salivary gland secretions in one subject using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and immunoblotting. The adherence of early colonizing Actinomyces naeslundii to pellicles formed from the secretions on hydroxyapatite beads was also examined. Amylase, IgA, proline-rich proteins and the high-molecular-weight glycoproteins, agglutinins, were detected in all saliva tested. Carbohydrate-reactive antibodies recognized the low-molecular weight mucin, MUC 7 in submandibular/sublingual saliva only. A. naeslundii strain 12104 adhered to all pellicles and especially to the buccal gland saliva pellicles. Strain LY7 adhered in highest numbers to the submandibular/sublingual saliva pellicles. It also bound in considerable numbers to parotid and palatal saliva pellicles but not to the ones formed from buccal and labial gland saliva. Our findings indicate that several bacteria-binding components are secreted in both minor and major gland saliva. The adherence-promoting ability of the various gland secretions differs, however.
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| 39. |
- Cooper, L, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of post-brushing mouthwash solutions on salivary fluoride retention--study 2.
- 2012
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Ingår i: The Journal of clinical dentistry. - 0895-8831. ; 23:3, s. 92-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effects of three post-brushing mouthwashes containing 0 ppm F, 225 ppm F, and 500 ppm F, respectively, on salivary fluoride retention after brushing with 1450 ppm fluoride (as NaF) toothpaste and rinsing with water immediately after brushing. METHODS: In this three-phase, randomized, cross-over study, an ion-specific electrode was used to measure salivary F levels in thirty trial participants before brushing (Time 0), and after brushing, rinsing with water, and then rinsing with one of the three mouthwashes. Time points evaluated after brushing were one, three, five, 10, 20, 30, 45, and 60 minutes. For saliva sample collections, subjects were asked to pool saliva in their mouths for 10 seconds before spitting out into a container for each of the time points. RESULTS: The AUC0-60 means for F in saliva were 554, 252, and 20 for the 500, 225, and 0 ppm F mouthwash groups, respectively. The 500 ppm F mouthwash resulted in a 2660% increase in total fluoride salivary retention over 60 minutes when compared with the 0 ppm F group, and a 120% increase when compared with the 225 ppm F group. A significant difference (p < 0.001) in the AUC0-60 means between the three groups was observed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Paired t-tests also showed significant differences in the mean fluoride retention over 60 minutes for all three pair-wise group comparisons (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Use of a fluoride mouthwash containing 225 ppm F or 500 ppm F produced a significant increase in salivary fluoride retention following brushing with a 1450 ppm F toothpaste and rinsing with water compared to rinsing without fluoride. The use of the 500 ppm F mouthwash may be of particular benefit to those at high caries risk.
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| 40. |
- Danielsson, M., et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence, duration of exposure and predicting factors for snus use among young Finnish men: a cross-sectional study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Bmj Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 11:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective The health hazards of tobacco products depend on the level of exposure, but little is known about the characteristics of snus use. The aim of this study was to investigate the duration of daily exposure to snus among occasional and daily users and its associated predictive factors among young Finnish men. Design Cross-sectional questionnaire study. Setting Three out of 16 Finnish Defence Forces units. Participants 1280 young Finnish male conscripts starting their military service in 2016 chosen by simple random sampling. Primary and secondary measures The prevalence, duration of use and the amount of daily usage of snus and cigarettes were investigated. The attitudes towards perceived harmfulness of snus and the predictive factors affecting the total time of snus consumption were examined. Results Almost a fifth (19.5%) of the conscripts reported daily snus use, and a further 16% reported occasional use. Daily snus use was associated with an earlier starting age, longer duration of use and higher daily exposure time compared with occasional use. On average, daily snus users consumed 10 portions and occasional users three portions per day (p<0.001). The daily total exposure time for daily users was 372 min (95% CI 344 to 401) and for occasional users 139 min (95% CI 106 to 171). Respondents with an upper secondary education had significantly less daily total exposure than those with basic comprehensive education (p=0.036). Perceptions of snus as a harmful substance resulted in a significantly lower duration of exposure. Conclusion Snus use was very common among young Finnish men. High snus exposure duration was associated with an earlier starting age, a longer history of use and a careless attitude to its health hazards. A higher education level was a protective factor for total exposure time. Studies of the long-term health effects and dependency profile of snus use are needed.
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| 41. |
- Eliasson, Lars, 1940, et al.
(författare)
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Feeling of dry mouth in relation to whole and minor gland saliva secretion rate.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Archives of oral biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1506 .- 0003-9969. ; 54:3, s. 263-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous reports indicate an association between whole saliva secretion rate and xerostomia, but the association is not always found in individuals complaining of dry mouth. In the present study, we hypothesised that the minor salivary gland secretions could affect subjective feelings of oral dryness in individuals with normal or low whole saliva secretion rate. 142 individuals, aged 18-82 years, participated in the study. Feelings of oral dryness were assessed separately for day- and nighttime by visual analogue scales. Resting and stimulated whole saliva flow rates were measured by conventional methods, and minor palatal, buccal and labial saliva secretion rates by the Periotron method. Twenty-three percent of the women and 15% of the men reported feelings of dry mouth during day and night. The results showed statistically significant lower resting and stimulated whole and minor labial gland saliva secretion rates in subjects reporting oral dryness during both day and night compared with non-complainers. In groups of individuals with normal simulated whole saliva secretion, those who complained from dry mouth both day and night had statistically significant lower labial secretion rate compared with those who had no complaints. Although not statistically significant, this difference was seen also in the groups with fewer individuals who had low whole saliva flow. In summary, our findings suggested that the labial gland saliva might affect subjective feelings of dry mouth both in individuals with normal and subnormal whole saliva flow.
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| 42. |
- Eliasson, Lars, 1940, et al.
(författare)
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Minor salivary gland secretion rates and immunoglobulin A in adults and the elderly.
- 2006
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Ingår i: European journal of oral sciences. - : Wiley. - 0909-8836 .- 1600-0722. ; 114:6, s. 494-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previously published data are conflicting about the effect of various factors on secretions from minor salivary glands. The aim of the present study was to investigate the secretion rate from palatal, buccal, and labial glands, and to analyze the immunoglobulin A (IgA) concentrations in relation to age, gender, circulatory disease, diabetes, medication, smoking, and pregnancy. Resting and stimulated whole-saliva secretion rates, as well as IgA concentration in stimulated whole saliva, were also examined. One-hundred and forty two individuals (96 women and 46 men), 18-82 yr of age, participated. The results did not suggest any effect of aging on the secretion capacity of minor salivary glands, but the IgA concentration seemed to increase with age. Women had lower buccal and labial saliva secretion rates, and lower levels of IgA in buccal saliva, than men. For whole saliva, resting, but not stimulated, saliva secretion rates were reduced with age, and the secretion rate of stimulated whole saliva was lower in women than in men. The IgA concentration in buccal saliva showed a positive correlation with IgA in stimulated whole saliva, and the IgA concentration decreased with increased flow rate in both salivas.
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| 43. |
- Fadel, Hani T, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Caries risk and periodontitis in patients with coronary artery disease.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of periodontology. - : Wiley. - 1943-3670 .- 0022-3492. ; 82:9, s. 1295-303
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ACKGROUND: There is considerable variation in studies on the oral health of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The aims of this investigation are to study the caries risk profile using the Cariogram computer program and the periodontal disease severity in patients with CAD. METHODS: A total of 127 participants (54 test and 73 control) were included. Participants were asked about their general health and daily habits. Clinical examinations, radiographs, and salivary sampling were performed. Cariologic data were entered into the computer program for risk-profile illustration. The onset of CAD conditions was also documented. RESULTS: Compared with controls, participants with CAD consumed less sugar, used fluoride toothpaste less frequently, and had significantly less favorable periodontal parameters (P <0.005). Generally, differences in cariologic parameters between the two groups were not significant. Significantly more participants with CAD exhibited low salivary-secretion rates than controls. The actual chance (percentage) of avoiding new cavities according to the Cariogram was low in the test and control groups (31% and 40%, respectively; P <0.05). Only gingival recession was correlated with the onset of CAD. CONCLUSIONS: Test and control groups had a relatively high caries risk. More severe periodontal disease was observed in participants with CAD.
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| 44. |
- Fadel, Hani T, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical and biological indicators of dental caries and periodontal disease in adolescents with or without obesity.
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Clinical oral investigations. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1436-3771 .- 1432-6981. ; 18:2, s. 359-368
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess clinical, microbiological and inflammatory parameters as indicators for caries and periodontal disease in adolescents with obesity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-seven adolescents with obesity [body mass index (BMI) 37±4kg/m(2)] and 28 controls (BMI 20±2kg/m(2)) answered questionnaires and were investigated regarding salivary parameters, plaque pH drop after a 1-min glucose rinse, oral clinical parameters, inflammatory markers in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and sub-gingival mirobiota. RESULTS: Compared with controls, adolescents with obesity had a lower stimulated salivary secretion rate (1.55±0.63 vs. 2.05±1.05mL/min, p<0.05), higher concentrations of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) (p<0.001), more decayed tooth surfaces (3.4±6.6 vs. 0.8±1.1, p<0.05) and more gingivitis (p<0.01) after controlling for possible confounders. Overall, similar snacking habits, plaque amounts and numbers of deep periodontal pockets were observed. Following the glucose rinse, a slightly more pronounced drop in plaque pH was observed in the obesity group (p>0.05). No differences in sub-gingival inflammatory or microbial indicators were detected (p>0.01). CONCLUSIONS: More caries and gingival inflammation were observed in adolescents with obesity. Of the indicators tested, salivary secretion rate was lower and sIgA levels were higher in the obesity group. We are unable to confirm whether differences in caries and gingival inflammation are due to systemic changes that are associated with obesity or due to possible irregular dietary/oral hygiene habits. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Customised oral health preventive programmes and appropriate collaboration with medical personnel in selecting the best diet, medication and psychological support can help improve the general well-being, including oral health, of children with obesity. This may even reduce the risk of oral diseases.
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| 45. |
- Fadel, Hani T, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Profiles of Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease in Individuals With or Without Psoriasis.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of periodontology. - : Wiley. - 1943-3670 .- 0022-3492. ; 84:4, s. 477-485
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Studies of oral health in psoriasis patients are limited. The aim was to assess the experience and risk of caries and periodontal disease in psoriatics and non-psoriatics. Material and Methods: The material consisted of 89 individuals with mild to moderate chronic plaque psoriasis and 54 non-psoriatics, recruited at the University Hospital in Gothenburg. Psoriasis arthritis was diagnosed in 25 of the psoriatics. All participants answered questionnaires and were subjected to saliva sampling and oral radiological and clinical examinations. Two computer applications were used for illustration of oral disease risk profiles. Results: Psoriatics had lower salivary pH, fewer remaining teeth, fewer sites with probing pocket depth ≤4 mm and a lower radiographic alveolar bone level than non-psoriatics (p<0.05). Most of the differences remained significant after controlling for confounders. Differences in alveolar bone levels were no longer significant, particularly after introducing "gender" into the regression model. Similar numbers of decayed and filled teeth, sites with deep pockets, sites that bled on probing and risk profiles were observed. Individuals with psoriasis arthritis exhibited a lower stimulated salivary secretion rate than non-psoriatics (p<0.05). Conclusions: There were no differences in profiles of caries and periodontal disease experience and risk between individuals with and without psoriasis. Fewer remaining teeth were observed in psoriatics. However, the exact reason for tooth loss could not be identified. Meanwhile, the reduced salivary pH in psoriatics and salivary secretion in psoriasis arthritis individuals, may pose a risk for future caries.
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| 46. |
- Fadel, Hani T, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Root caries and risk profiles using the Cariogram in different periodontal disease severity groups.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-3850 .- 0001-6357. ; 69:2, s. 118-124
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives. To study root caries and risk profiles using the Cariogram in relation to periodontal disease severity and to analyse indicators associated with high caries risk. Material and methods. A cross-sectional examination was carried out on 112 patients with periodontal disease from two government clinics in Saudi Arabia. The investigation comprised a questionnaire, bitewing radiographs, measurement of salivary secretion rate, buffering capacity and cariogenic microorganisms, and registration of periodontal status, plaque amount and coronal and root caries/fillings (DFT and RDFT). The data were then entered into the Cariogram pedagogic model to illustrate the caries risk profiles. Results. Patients were grouped according to periodontal disease severity into one of three groups: (1) gingivitis (n = 44); (2) mild-to-moderate periodontitis (n = 33); and (3) severe periodontitis (n = 35). The prevalence of RDFT in the total sample was 17%. There were no statistically significant differences between the three groups in number of root lesions or mean ‘Actual Chance to Avoid New Cavities’ (Chance-AC) according to the Cariogram. Of the total sample, 22% displayed high caries risk (Chance-AC ≤40%). The most significant risk indicators in high caries risk patients were infrequent use of fluoride and unfavourable salivary and microbial parameters. Conclusions. Root surface lesions and high caries risk were present in about one-fifth of the patients referred for periodontal treatment. A combination of risk indicators rather than a single one contributed to the increased risk. Caries and risk profiles were not significantly correlated with periodontal disease severity.
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| 47. |
- Flink, H., et al.
(författare)
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Correlation between perceived experience of caries disease and recorded caries activity among adult patients at a Swedish Public Dental Clinic: A longitudinal study
- 2013
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Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 71:6, s. 1486-1492
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To compare patients' perceived experiences of caries activity with recorded longitudinal caries prevalence, consequences of caries and length of recall intervals. Materials and methods. A questionnaire was mailed to 134 caries active (CA) and 40 caries inactive (CI) adult patients at a Swedish Public Dental Clinic. The overall response rate was 69%. The questionnaire included items regarding perceived caries activity, general health, dietary and oral hygiene habits, level of education and socioeconomic status. Questionnaire responses were studied for their association to clinical data extracted from patient dental records. Results. There was a correlation between patient-perceived and documented caries activity for all respondents (rho = 0.65; p < 0.001). CA patients had significantly more perceived caries activity (p < 0.001), decayed teeth (p < 0.001), root fillings (p = 0.001) and extractions (p < 0.001) than CI patients. The mean recall interval was 1.5 years for CA and 2.1 years for CI (p < 0.001). In multiple logistic regression analysis, CA patients were at increased risk for xerostomia (OR = 22.66, p = 0.003), sleep disturbances (OR = 4.36, p = 0.04) and more frequent use of daily extra fluoride (OR = 3.58, p = 0.03). Conclusions. Patient-perceived experience of caries correlated well with recorded caries activity in this group of middle-aged Swedish adults. Individuals with active caries were aware of their disease and made more frequent attempts to reduce caries activity by use of daily extra fluoride. Individual risk-based recall intervals did not seem to eliminate consequences of disease activity such as root fillings and extractions during the follow-up period.
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| 48. |
- Flink, H., et al.
(författare)
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Patient-reported outcomes of caries prophylaxis among Swedish caries active adults in a long-term perspective
- 2016
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - : Tandläkarförbundet. - 0347-9994. ; 40:1, s. 101-110
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to measure patient-reported outcomes of caries prophylaxis and to compare them with previously documented efforts in dental offices. A questionnaire was mailed to 134 caries active (CA)and 40 caries inactive (CI) adult patients treated at a Swedish public dental service clinic. The overall response rate was 69%. The questionnaire included items regarding patient perceived caries prophylaxis in relation to:1) treatment and recommendations given by the dental personnel, 2) performed self-care and 3) perceived and expected effects. The responses were studied for their association to clinical data, extracted retrospectively from the patients' dental records. The mean follow up time was >16 years. Information about caries prophylaxis (p=0.01 and recommendations for self-care (p=0.04) were given more often to the CA group than to the CI group. Supplementary examinations and recommendations of self-care risk treatments were more frequent in the CA group (p<0.001). CA patients also made more frequent extra efforts at home to avoid caries by changing their eating habits (p<0.001), improving their oral hygiene (p=0.04) and using extra fluoride (p=0.00l). In the CA group, 60% did not consider that the extra prophylaxis efforts had made them caries inactive, and 40% were not satisfied with the outcome. Most patients (>90%) hoped that the outcome of caries prophylactics would be a reduced number of cavities. The patient-perceived experiences of caries prophylaxis-were in concordance with dental records. Both the dentists and the caries active middle-aged Swedish adults were aware of the need for extra prophylaxis. The caries active patients perceived having made extra home care efforts, but had not experienced that they had become free from caries.
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| 49. |
- Gabre, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Fluoride retention of a mucosa adhesive paste compared with other home-care fluoride products.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Caries research. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-976X .- 0008-6568. ; 42:4, s. 240-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Home-care use of fluoride (F) requires a motivated individual and several F products rely on a person's ability to follow instructions and to cooperate with the treatment. The aim of this crossover study was to investigate concentrations, distribution in the oral cavity and duration of the elevated F concentrations after using four F products: (1) a mucosa adhesive paste with 0.1% F, (2) a mouth rinsing solution with 0.2% NaF, (3) toothpaste containing 0.5% F and (4) a tablet with 0.75 mg F. Fourteen subjects used the four products in randomized order either during the daytime or just before going to bed. The F concentration was measured both in saliva and at interproximal sites. After 6 h of sleep, the F concentration after using the mucosa adhesive paste and the mouth rinse solution was high in saliva. In the interproximal area, the adhesive paste showed the highest values. During daytime use, all the products increased the F concentration, but only the mucosa adhesive paste and the rinsing solution elevated F in saliva for up to 2 h. In the interproximal area, the paste increased the F concentration most. In conclusion, this study showed that the mucosa adhesive paste and the mouth rinse solution led to higher F concentrations and for a longer time than tablets and toothpaste. For patients who are unable to comply with traditional F treatment, an F-containing adhesive paste therefore has the potential to be a useful vehicle. For individuals who are able to cooperate, a mouth rinse with an F solution is a simple, efficient and well-known method for preventing dental caries.
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| 50. |
- Gabre, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Oral retention of fluoride from a mucosa adhesive paste (Orabase) supplemented with NaF--a pilot study.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Oral health & preventive dentistry. - 1602-1622. ; 3:3, s. 159-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Individuals with cognitive impairments have an increased caries risk. Methods to prevent caries based on home care use of fluorides (F) presuppose a person's ability to cooperate and follow instructions. The aim of the present investigation was therefore to develop and evaluate an F-containing mucosa adhesive paste, which can be applied in home care by nursing staff. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-over, double-blind study design was used. The F concentrations were studied in whole saliva and interproximal fluid samples after application of a paste with 0.1% F based on the mucosa adhesive Orabase. A placebo product without F was used as control. In six healthy adults the paste was applied before sleep in the vestibulum in the region of the first molar in each quadrant. The application was repeated during four nights. RESULTS: Six hours after the application of the F paste the F concentrations in the interproximal areas and whole saliva had increased by 12-160 times compared to samples collected before the applications. The lower increase of the interproximal F concentrations was observed in the front region. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that an F-containing mucosa adhesive paste may be a promising vehicle for caries prevention in subjects unable to follow traditional home care recommendations.
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