| 1. |
- Ahlberg, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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"Vi klimatforskare stödjer Greta och skolungdomarna"
- 2019
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Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - 1101-2447.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DN DEBATT 15/3. Sedan industrialiseringens början har vi använt omkring fyra femtedelar av den mängd fossilt kol som får förbrännas för att vi ska klara Parisavtalet. Vi har bara en femtedel kvar och det är bråttom att kraftigt reducera utsläppen. Det har Greta Thunberg och de strejkande ungdomarna förstått. Därför stödjer vi deras krav, skriver 270 klimatforskare.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Björk, Mathilda, et al.
(författare)
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Foot barriers in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis : an interview study among Swedish women and men
- 2018
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Ingår i: Arthritis care & research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2151-464X .- 2151-4658. ; 70:9, s. 1348-1354
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Foot impairments are related to reduced mobility and participation restrictions in daily activities in patients with established rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The new biological medications are effective and reduce disease activity, but not disability to the same extent. Foot impairments are assumed to be related to participation restrictions also in patients with early RA, diagnosed after the introduction of biological medications. The knowledge of foot impairments needs to be more explored after the introduction of biological disease-modifying drugs (bDMARDs). The aim of this study was to explore the patients' perspective of foot impairments related to early RA.METHODS: The sample included 59 patients (20-63 years) who were interviewed about participation dilemmas in daily life using the Critical Incident Technique. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Data related to foot impairments were extracted and analyzed thematically. A research partner validated the analysis. The study was approved by the Regional Ethics Committee.RESULTS: Patients with early RA described a variety of participation restrictions related to foot impairments: 1) foot hindrances in domestic life, 2) foot impairments influencing work, 3) leisure activities restricted by one's feet 4) struggling to be mobile 5) foot impairments as an early sign of rheumatic disease.CONCLUSION: There is a need to focus on foot impairments related to early RA, and for health care professionals to understand these signs. A suggestion for future research is to conduct a longitudinal follow-up of foot impairment related to medication, disease activity and disability in patients diagnosed after the introduction of bDMARDs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Björk, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Conjugated polythiophene probes target lysosome-related acidic vacuoles in cultured primary cells
- 2007
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Ingår i: Molecular and Cellular Probes. - : Elsevier BV. - 0890-8508. ; 21:5-6, s. 329-337
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conformation-sensitive optical probes for studying biological processes and structures are of great interest. The present work shows for the first time that conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE) probes can be used for specific targeting of chromatin, nuclear and cytoplasmatic vesicles, and cytoskeletal components in a complex system of cultured cells. One of the probes could also be used for vital staining of live cells. When bound to different entities, the polythiophene derivative probes emitted light with different colors due to the unique spectral properties of these conformation sensitive probes. The physical pre-requisites for binding could also be exploited for characterization of the target. Unexpectedly, lysosome-related acidic vacuoles were targeted in cultured primary cells by both anionic, cationic, and zwitter-ionic polythiophene derivatives. Pre-treatment with Bafilomycin A1, a specific inhibitor of vacuolar-type H+-ATPase, caused redistribution of the staining. The targeting of lysosome-related acidic vesicles could not be demonstrated in transformed cells (melanoma, neuroblastoma, and prostate cancer cell lines), indicating a difference in the localization, structure, accessibility, or quantity of the target in cultured normal cells as compared with the malignant cell lines. The chemical nature of the conjugated polyelectrolyte complex in the cytoplasmatic vacuoles remains elusive.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Blomstrand, Malin, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Estimated clinical benefit of protecting neurogenesis in the developing brain during radiation therapy for pediatric medulloblastoma.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Neuro-Oncology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1523-5866 .- 1522-8517. ; 14:7, s. 882-889
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We sought to assess the feasibility and estimate the benefit of sparing the neurogenic niches when irradiating the brain of pediatric patients with medulloblastoma (MB) based on clinical outcome data. Pediatric MB survivors experience a high risk of neurocognitive adverse effects, often attributed to the whole-brain irradiation that is part of standard management. Neurogenesis is very sensitive to radiation, and limiting the radiation dose to the hippocampus and the subventricular zone (SVZ) may preserve neurocognitive function. Radiotherapy plans were created using 4 techniques: standard opposing fields, intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), intensity-modulated arc therapy (IMAT), and intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT). Mean dose to the hippocampus and SVZ (mean for both sites) could be limited to 88.3% (range, 83.6%-91.0%), 77.1% (range, 71.5%-81.3%), and 42.3% (range, 26.6%-51.2%) with IMAT, IMRT, and IMPT, respectively, while maintaining at least 95% of the prescribed dose in 95% of the whole-brain target volume. Estimated risks for developing memory impairment after a prescribed dose of 23.4 Gy were 47% (95% confidence interval [CI], 21%-69%), 44% (95% CI, 21%-65%), 41% (95% CI, 22%-60%), and 33% (95% CI, 23%-44%) with opposing fields, IMAT, IMRT, and IMPT, respectively. Neurogenic niche sparing during cranial irradiation of pediatric patients with MB is feasible and is estimated to lower the risks of long-term neurocognitive sequelae. Greatest sparing is achieved with intensity-modulated proton therapy, thus making this an attractive option to be tested in a prospective clinical trial.
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| 8. |
- Brodin, N Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Hippocampal sparing radiotherapy for pediatric medulloblastoma: impact of treatment margins and treatment technique.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Neuro-oncology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1523-5866 .- 1522-8517. ; 16:4, s. 594-602
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundWe investigated how varying the treatment margin and applying hippocampal sparing and proton therapy impact the risk of neurocognitive impairment in pediatric medulloblastoma patients compared with current standard 3D conformal radiotherapy.MethodsWe included 17 pediatric medulloblastoma patients to represent the variability in tumor location relative to the hippocampal region. Treatment plans were generated using 3D conformal radiotherapy, hippocampal sparing intensity-modulated radiotherapy, and spot-scanned proton therapy, using 3 different treatment margins for the conformal tumor boost. Neurocognitive impairment risk was estimated based on dose-response models from pediatric CNS malignancy survivors and compared among different margins and treatment techniques.ResultsMean hippocampal dose and corresponding risk of cognitive impairment were decreased with decreasing treatment margins (P < .05). The largest risk reduction, however, was seen when applying hippocampal sparing proton therapy-the estimated risk of impaired task efficiency (95% confidence interval) was 92% (66%-98%), 81% (51%-95%), and 50% (30%-70%) for 3D conformal radiotherapy, intensity-modulated radiotherapy, and proton therapy, respectively, for the smallest boost margin and 98% (78%-100%), 90% (60%-98%), and 70% (39%-90%) if boosting the whole posterior fossa. Also, the distance between the closest point of the planning target volume and the center of the hippocampus can be used to predict mean hippocampal dose for a given treatment technique.ConclusionsWe estimate a considerable clinical benefit of hippocampal sparing radiotherapy. In choosing treatment margins, the tradeoff between margin size and risk of neurocognitive impairment quantified here should be considered.
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| 9. |
- Brodin, N Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Radiobiological risk estimates of adverse events and secondary cancer for proton and photon radiation therapy of pediatric medulloblastoma.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden). - 1651-226X. ; 50:6, s. 806-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Introduction. The aim of this model study was to estimate and compare the risk of radiation-induced adverse late effects in pediatric patients with medulloblastoma (MB) treated with either three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D CRT), inversely-optimized arc therapy (RapidArc(®) (RA)) or spot-scanned intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT). The aim was also to find dose-volume toxicity parameters relevant to children undergoing RT to be used in the inverse planning of RA and IMPT, and to use in the risk estimations. Material and methods. Treatment plans were created for all three techniques on 10 pediatric patients that have been treated with craniospinal irradiation (CSI) at our institution in 2007-2009. Plans were generated for two prescription CSI doses, 23.4 Gy and 36 Gy. Risk estimates were based on childhood cancer survivor data when available and secondary cancer (SC) risks were estimated as a function of age at exposure and attained age according to the organ-equivalent dose (OED) concept. Results. Estimates of SC risk was higher for the RA plans and differentiable from the estimates for 3D CRT at attained ages above 40 years. The risk of developing heart failure, hearing loss, hypothyroidism and xerostomia was highest for the 3D CRT plans. The risks of all adverse effects were estimated as lowest for the IMPT plans, even when including secondary neutron (SN) irradiation with high values of the neutron radiation weighting factors (WR(neutron)). Conclusions. When comparing RA and 3D CRT treatment for pediatric MB it is a matter of comparing higher SC risk against higher risks of non-cancer adverse events. Considering time until onset of the different complications is necessary to fully assess patient benefit in such a comparison. The IMPT plans, including SN dose contribution, compared favorably to the photon techniques in terms of all radiobiological risk estimates.
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| 10. |
- Ekqvist, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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High frequency of contact allergy to gold in patients with endovascular coronary stents
- 2007
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Ingår i: British Journal of Dermatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2133 .- 0007-0963. ; 157:4, s. 730-738
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Stent implantation is an effective method for treatment of atherosclerotic disease. Factors predisposing to in-stent restenosis are still largely unknown. Contact allergy to metal ions eluted from the stent has been suggested to be a risk factor. Objectives To explore whether there is a possible induction of contact allergy to metals used in stents among patients with a stainless steel stent containing nickel (Ni stent) and patients with a gold-plated stent (Au stent). Methods Adults (n = 484) treated with coronary stent implantation participated in the study with patch testing. The study design was retrospective and cross-sectional with no assessment of contact allergy before stenting. Age- and sex-matched patch-tested patients with dermatitis (n = 447) served as controls. Results Of Au-stented patients, 54 of 146 (37%) were allergic to gold compared with 85 of 447 (19%) controls (P < 0.001). Within the stented population there were no statistically significant differences in contact allergy to gold or nickel between Ni-stented and Au-stented patients. In multivariate models where other risk factors for contact allergy to gold were considered, the Au stent showed a trend towards statistical significance (odds ratio 1.43, 95% confidence interval 0.95-2.16; P = 0.09). Conclusions As the frequency of contact allergy to gold is higher in stented patients independent of stent type it suggests a previous sensitization. However, several pieces of circumstantial evidence as well as statistical analysis indicate the possibility of sensitization in the coronary vessel by the Au stent. Ni stents and Au stents should not be ruled out as risk factors for induction of contact allergy to these metals.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Fukuda, A., et al.
(författare)
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Age-dependent sensitivity of the developing brain to irradiation is correlated with the number and vulnerability of progenitor cells
- 2005
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Ingår i: J Neurochem. ; 92:3, s. 569-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a newly established model of unilateral, irradiation (IR)-induced injury we compared the outcome after IR to the immature and juvenile brain, using rats at postnatal days 9 or 23, respectively. We demonstrate that (i) the immature brains contained more progenitors in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and subgranular zone (SGZ) compared with the juvenile brains; (ii) cellular injury, as judged by activation of caspase 3 and p53, as well as nitrotyrosine formation, was more pronounced in the SVZ and SGZ in the immature brains 6 h after IR; (iii) the number of progenitor and immature cells in the SVZ and SGZ decreased 6 h and 7 days post-IR, corresponding to acute and subacute effects in humans, respectively, these effects were more pronounced in immature brains; (iv) myelination was impaired after IR at both ages, and much more pronounced after IR to immature brains; (v) the IR-induced changes remained significant for at least 10 weeks, corresponding to late effects in humans, and were most pronounced after IR to immature brains. It appears that IR induces both an acute loss of progenitors through apoptosis and a perturbed microenvironment incompatible with normal proliferation and differentiation, and that this is more pronounced in the immature brain.
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| 13. |
- Fukuda, Aya, et al.
(författare)
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Progenitor cell injury after irradiation to the developing brain can be modulated by mild hypothermia or hyperthermia
- 2005
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Ingår i: J Neurochem. ; 94:6, s. 1604-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ionizing radiation induced acute cell death in the dentate gyrus subgranular zone (SGZ) and the subventricular zone (SVZ). Hypomyelination was also observed. The effects of mild hypothermia and hyperthermia for 4 h after irradiation (IR) were studied in postnatal day 9 rats. One hemisphere was irradiated with a single dose of 8 Gy and animals were randomized to normothermia (rectal temperature 36 degrees C for 4 h), hypothermia (32 degrees C for 4 h) or hyperthermia (39 degrees C for 4 h). Cellular injury, e.g. chromatin condensation and nitrotyrosine formation, appeared to proceed faster when the body temperature was higher. Caspase-3 activation was more pronounced in the hyperthermia group and nuclear translocation of p53 was less pronounced in the hypothermia group 6 h after IR. In the SVZ the loss of nestin-positive progenitors was more pronounced (48%) and the size was smaller (45%) in the hyperthermia group 7 days post-IR. Myelination was not different after hypo- or hyperthermia. This is the first report to demonstrate that hypothermia may be beneficial and that hyperthermia may aggravate the adverse side-effects after radiation therapy to the developing brain.
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| 14. |
- Fukuda, Hirotsugu, et al.
(författare)
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Irradiation-induced progenitor cell death in the developing brain is resistant to erythropoietin treatment and caspase inhibition
- 2004
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Ingår i: Cell Death Differ. - Univ Gothenburg, Dept Physiol, Perinatal Ctr, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden. Osaka Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. Zhengzhou Univ, Affiliated Hosp 3, Dept Pediat, Zhengzhou 450052, Peoples R China. Uppsala Univ, Dept Neurosci, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden. Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Radiat Phys, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden. H Lundbeck & Co AS, Mol Dis Biol, DK-2500 Copenhagen, Denmark. Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Oncol, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden. Queen Silvia Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, SE-41685 Gothenburg, Sweden. : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 1350-9047 .- 1476-5403. ; 11:11, s. 1166-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One hemisphere of postnatal day 8 (P8) rats or P10 mice was irradiated with a single dose of 4-12 Gy, and animals were killed from 2 h to 8 weeks after irradiation (IR). In the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the granular cell layer (GCL) of the dentate gyrus, harboring neural and other progenitor cells, nitrosylation and p53 peaked 2-12 h after IR, followed by markers for active caspase-3, apoptosis-inducing factor and TUNEL (6-24 h). Ki67-positive (proliferating) cells had disappeared by 12 h and partly reappeared by 7 days post-IR. The SVZ and GCL areas decreased approximately 50% 7 days after IR. The development of white matter was hampered, resulting in 50-70% less myelin basic protein staining. Pretreatment with erythropoietin did not confer protection against IR. Caspase inhibition by overexpression of XIAP prevented caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation but not cell death, presumably because of increased caspase-independent cell death.
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| 15. |
- Hamisi, Mariam I., et al.
(författare)
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Nutrient enrichment affects the seagrass Cymodocea serrulata and induces changes to its epiphytic cyanobacterial community
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- To better understand how elevated water column nutrient levels affect the performance of the seagrass Cymodocea serrulata as well as the composition and density of its associated epiphytes, two sets of experiments were carried out where nutrient concentration were manipulated in a flow though system containing seagrasses. The photosynthetic performance, growth characteristics and nutrient content (N:P) were followed for C. serrulata. Simultaneously the biomass, species composition for the epiphytic cyanobacteria, in particular diazotrophs was monitored. The photosynthetic capacity of seagrasses decreased with increase in nutrient concentrations and exposure time. Nutrient contents of seagrass leaves and epiphytes decreased after nutrient addition. A higher diversity of both heterocystous and non-heterocystous cyanobacteria was observed in the experimental seagrasses as compared with natural field samples. Many of the cyanobacterial sequences retrieved represented uncultured and potentially novel diazotrophic phylotypes. Diel nitrogenase activity measurements verified the presence of a distinct proportion of diazotrophs, which was negatively affected by moderate nutrient levels. These results demonstrate that seagrasses were physiologically stressed by the increased nutrient level as revealed by low maximum quantum yields, although the effect was not instant. In contrast the epiphytes whose response was apparent during the short term exposure to moderate nutrient concentration which also promoted rapid change in their composition.
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| 16. |
- Janson, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Effects on the ciliated epithelium of protein D-producing and -nonproducing nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae in nasopharyngeal tissue cultures
- 1999
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Ingår i: Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1537-6613 .- 0022-1899. ; 180:3, s. 737-746
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A pair of isogenic, nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae strains, one expressing protein D and the other protein D-negative, was compared in their ability to cause damage in a human nasopharyngeal tissue culture model. Damage was assessed by measuring the ciliary beat frequency (CBF) of tissue specimens at 12 h intervals. Cultures inoculated with H. influenzae manifested a decrease in CBF beginning after 12 h, with a maximum decrease after 36 h. The impairment of ciliary function by the protein D-expressing strain was significantly greater than that caused by the protein D-negative mutant (P<.01). Tissue specimens examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy after 24 h appeared normal. After 48 h of incubation, the protein D-expressing strain caused a significant loss of cilia. These findings suggest that protein D is involved in the pathogenesis of upper respiratory tract infections due to nontypeable H. influenzae, probably by enhancing functional and morphological damage to cilia.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Johansson, Karl-Axel, et al.
(författare)
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The quality assurance process for the ARTSCAN head and neck study - a practical interactive approach for QA in 3DCRT and IMRT.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-8140 .- 1879-0887. ; 87:2, s. 290-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: This paper describes the quality assurance (QA) work performed in the Swedish multicenter ARTSCAN (Accelerated RadioTherapy of Squamous cell CArcinomas in the head and Neck) trial to guarantee high quality in a multicenter study which involved modern radiotherapy such as 3DCRT or IMRT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was closed in June 2006 with 750 randomised patients. Radiation therapy-related data for every patient were sent by each participating centre to the QA office where all trial data were reviewed, analysed and stored. In case of any deviation from the protocol, an interactive process was started between the QA office and the local responsible clinician and/or physicist to increase the compliance to the protocol for future randomised patients. Meetings and workshops were held on a regular basis for discussions on various trial-related issues and for the QA office to report on updated results. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: This review covers the 734 patients out of a total of 750 who had entered the study. Deviations early in the study were corrected so that the overall compliance to the protocol was very high. There were only negligible variations in doses and dose distributions to target volumes for each specific site and stage. The quality of the treatments was high. Furthermore, an extensive database of treatment parameters was accumulated for future dose-volume vs. endpoint evaluations. CONCLUSIONS: This comprehensive QA programme increased the probability to draw firm conclusions from our study and may serve as a concept for QA work in future radiotherapy trials where comparatively small effects are searched for in a heterogeneous tumour population.
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| 19. |
- Jordansson, Birgitta, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Arbete och arbetsorganisation
- 2015
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Ingår i: Feministiskt tänkande och sociologi. Teorier, begrepp och tillämpningar, red Anna Hedenus, Sofia Björk, Oksana Shmulyar Gréen. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144100852 ; , s. 127-150
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Texten handlar om arbete och arbetsorganisation ur ett genusperspektiv. Den inleds med en kort historisk tillbakablick på arbete och hur arbete har varit förknippat med män och med mäns ansvar för familjens ekonomiska försörjning. Därefter diskuteras hur genus är bärande för både skapande och återskapande av arbete i organisationer. Texten tar även upp förutsättningar för jämställdhet och ger några konkreta exempel på hur arbetsorganisationen kan bidra för att uppnå work-life-balance
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| 20. |
- Kalm, Marie, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Irradiation-induced loss of microglia in the young brain.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of neuroimmunology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-5728. ; 206:1-2, s. 70-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Irradiation-induced loss of neural stem and progenitor cells may contribute to cognitive deficits. Furthermore, subsequent inflammation inhibits neural progenitor cell differentiation. Here we have characterized the microglia response after a single dose of 8 Gy to the brains of postnatal day 9 or 21 rats. The number of Iba-1-positive microglia increased 6 h after IR but had decreased 7 days later, below control levels, and this decrease was more pronounced in P9 rats. Active caspase-3 and TUNEL staining revealed irradiation-induced microglia death. This age-dependent IR-induced loss of microglia likely affects both the response to IR and further brain development.
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| 21. |
- Kalm, Marie, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Transient inflammation in neurogenic regions after irradiation of the developing brain.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Radiation research. - 0033-7587. ; 171:1, s. 66-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Kalm, M., Fukuda, A., Fukuda, H., Ohrfelt, A., Lannering, B., Björk-Eriksson, T., Blennow, K., Márky, I. and Blomgren, K. Transient Inflammation in Neurogenic Regions after Irradiation of the Developing Brain. Radiat. Res. 171, 66-76 (2009).We characterized the inflammatory response after a single dose of 8 Gy to the brains of postnatal day 9 rats. Affymetrix gene chips revealed activation of multiple inflammatory mechanisms in the acute phase, 6 h after irradiation. In the subacute phase, 7 days after irradiation, genes related to neurogenesis and cell cycle were down-regulated, but glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was up-regulated. The concentrations of 14 different cytokines and chemokines were measured using a microsphere-based xMAPtrade mark technology. CCL2, Gro/KC and IL-1alpha were the most strongly up-regulated 6 h after irradiation. CCL2 was expressed in astrocytes and microglia in the dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone (SVZ). Hypertrophy, but not hyperplasia, of astrocytes was demonstrated 7 days after irradiation. In summary, we found transient activation of multiple inflammatory mechanisms in the acute phase (6 h) after irradiation and activation of astrocytes in the subacute phase (7 days) after irradiation. It remains to be elucidated whether these transient changes are involved in the persistent effects of radiation observed on neurogenesis and cognition in rodents.
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| 22. |
- Kanter-Smoler, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical characterization and the mutation spectrum in Swedish adenomatous polyposis families
- 2008
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Ingår i: BMC Medicine. - : BioMed Central. - 1741-7015. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The dominantly inherited condition familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is caused by germline mutations in the APC gene. Finding the causative mutations has great implications for the families. Correlating the genotypes to the phenotypes could help to improve the diagnosis and follow-up of patients.Methods: Mutation screening of APCand the clinical characterization of 96 unrelated FAP patients from the Swedish Polyposis Registry was performed. In addition to generally used mutation screening methods, analyses of splicing-affecting mutations and investigations of the presence of low-frequency mutation alleles, indicating mosaics, have been performed, as well as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect lowered expression of APC.Results: Sixty-one different APC mutations in 81 of the 96 families were identified and 27 of those are novel. We have previously shown that 6 of the 96 patients carried biallelic MUTYH mutations. The 9 mutation-negative cases all display an attenuated or atypical phenotype. Probands with a genotype (codon 1250-1464) predicting a severe phenotype had a median age at diagnosis of 21.8 (range, 11-49) years compared with 34.4 (range, 14-57) years among those with mutations outside this region (P < 0.017). Dense polyposis (> 1000) occurred in 75% of the probands with a severe phenotype compared with 30% in those with mutations outside this region. The morbidity in colorectal cancer among probands was 25% at a mean age of 37.5 years and 29% at a mean age of 46.6 years.Conclusion: Using a variety of mutation-detection techniques, we have achieved a 100% detection frequency in classical FAP. Probands with APC mutations outside codon 1250-1464, although exhibiting a less-severe phenotype, are at high risk of having a colorectal cancer at diagnosis indicating that age at diagnosis is as important as the severity of the disease for colorectal cancer morbidity. © 2008 Kanter-Smoler et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
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| 23. |
- Kanter-Smoler, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Novel findings in Swedish patients with MYH-associated polyposis: mutation detection and clinical characterization
- 2006
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Ingår i: Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. - : Elsevier BV. - 1542-3565. ; 4:4, s. 499-506
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND & AIMS: Biallelic mutations in the base-excision repair gene MYH have recently been associated with recessive inheritance of multiple colorectal adenomas. An investigation and characterization of MYH mutations in Swedish patients were therefore carried out. METHODS: A set of 15 unrelated adenomatous polyposis coli (APC)-mutation negative patients from the Swedish Polyposis Registry was screened for germline mutations in the MYH gene. The patients were clinically characterized and compared with 43 APC-mutation positive probands diagnosed during the same period. RESULTS: Disease-causing biallelic MYH mutations were identified in 6 patients (40%). The mean age at diagnosis was 47.8 years versus 34.1 years in APC-mutation positive patients (P = .015). Colorectal cancer at diagnosis of polyposis was present in 67% (4/6) of the patients, and all were right-sided, compared with only 19% versus 12.5% right-sided cancer in APC-mutation positive patients. Upper gastrointestinal manifestations were diagnosed in 1 of 5 compared with 23 of 27 in APC-mutation positive patients (odds ratio, 23; 95% confidence interval, 2-263; P = .0086). One family exhibited apparent dominant inheritance of colorectal adenomatous polyposis. Two new pathogenic mutations, MYH p.G175E and p.P391L, were identified. The mutations are argued to introduce profound changes in substrate-recognizing domains of the protein. CONCLUSIONS: Biallelic MYH mutations, including 2 novel mutations, were found in a substantial number of the patients with multiple colorectal adenomas who were negative for APC-mutation. The examined MYH-mutation positive patients were found to have higher risks of colorectal cancer at diagnosis, right-sided location of cancers, and a significantly lower incidence of upper gastrointestinal manifestations, compared with APC-mutation positive patients.
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| 24. |
- Kylberg, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Exclusion of mRNPs and ribosomal particels from a thin zone beneath the nuclear envelope revealed upon inhibition of transport
- 2010
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Ingår i: Experimental Cell Research. - : Elsevier. - 0014-4827 .- 1090-2422. ; 316:6, s. 1028-1038
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have studied the nucleocytoplasmic transport of a specific messenger RNP (mRNP) particle, named Balbiani ring (BR) granule, and ribosomal RNP (rRNP) particles in the salivary glands of the dipteran Chironomus tentans. The passage of the RNPs through the nuclear pore complex (NPC) was inhibited with the nucleoporin-binding wheat germ agglutinin, and the effects were examined by electron microscopy. BR mRNPs bound to the nuclear basket increased in number, while BR mRNPs translocating through the central channel decreased, suggesting that the initiation of translocation proper had been inhibited. The rRNPs accumulated heavily in nucleoplasm, while no or very few rRNPs were recorded within nuclear baskets. Thus, the transport of rRNPs had been blocked prior to the entry into the baskets. Remarkably, the rRNPs had been excluded both from baskets and the space in between the baskets. We propose that normally basket fibrils move freely and repel RNPs from the exclusion zone unless the particles have affinity for and bind to nucleoporins within the baskets.
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| 25. |
- Kåredal, Monica, et al.
(författare)
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A quantitative LC-MS method to determine surface contamination of antineoplastic drugs by wipe sampling
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1545-9624 .- 1545-9632. ; 19:1, s. 50-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The main objective was to develop a wipe sampling test to measure surface contamination of the most frequently used antineoplastic drugs (ADs) in Swedish healthcare and, furthermore, to develop an analysis method sensitive enough to assess low levels of contamination. Two wipe sampling tests with separate sample processing methods assessing (i) cyclophosphamide (CP), ifosfamide (IF), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), etoposide (ETO), gemcitabine (GEM) and cytarabine (CYT) (Wipe Test 1); and (ii) GEM, CYT and methotrexate (MTX) (Wipe Test 2), respectively, were developed by optimization of absorption and extraction efficiencies using different wipe tissue materials, tissue wetting solution, and extraction solvents. A fast liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for simultaneous detection of the studied ADs. The limit of quantification for the method was between 0.04 to 2.4 ng/wipe sample (0.10 to 6.1 pg/cm2 for an area of 400 cm2) and at 50 ng/sample the within-day precision was between 1.3 and 15%, and the accuracy between 102 and 127%. Wipe Test 1 was applied in an assessment of cleaning efficiency of five different cleaning solutions (formic acid, water, sodium hydroxide, ethanol, and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) for removal of ADs from surfaces made of stainless steel or plastic. For CP, IF, 5-FU, GEM, and CYT 92% of the AD were removed regardless of surface and cleaning solution. In conclusion, a user-friendly assessment method to measure low levels of seven ADs in the work environment was developed and validated. Assessment of the decontamination efficiency of cleaning solutions concerning removal of ADs from stainless steel showed that efficiencies differed depending on the AD with water being the least effective cleaning agent. The results suggests that a combination of different cleaning agents including detergent and a solution with an organic component would be optimal to efficiently remove the measured ADs from surfaces in the workplace.
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| 26. |
- Langegård, Ulrica, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of quality of care in relation to health-related quality of life of patients diagnosed with brain tumor : a novel clinic for proton beam therapy
- 2019
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Ingår i: Supportive Care in Cancer. - : Springer. - 0941-4355 .- 1433-7339. ; 27:7, s. 2679-2691
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Patients with brain tumors constitute a vulnerable group, and it is important that they receive the highest quality of care (QoC). The study aim was to describe the perceptions of QoC and its association with health-related quality of life in brain tumor patients undergoing proton beam therapy in a newly established clinic.Method: Data were collected at the start of treatment and after 3 and 6weeks. Adult patients (18years old) with brain tumors (n=186) completed two self-administered questionnaires: a modified Quality from the Patients' Perspective, which measures perceived reality and subjective importance of care, and the EORTC QLQ-C30. Data were analyzed using parametric and non-parametric statistical tests.Results: The perceived QoC was highest for treatment information and lowest for dietician and smoking information, whereas interaction with doctors and nurses was rated as the most important aspect of quality of care. Subjective importance ratings were significantly higher than perceived reality ratings for 60% of items. A better global health was moderately correlated with a higher perceived support for fatigue.Conclusions: A need for quality improvement was identified for several aspects of patient care. Greater symptom distress during the treatment period led to greater perceived importance of symptom support. Ensuring QoC is complex and collaboration with other health care professionals is essential.Relevance to clinical practice: The clinic could improve QoC regarding information about possible symptoms, adjust care according to patient perceptions of importance, and involve patients in care decisions.
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| 27. |
- Langegård, Ulrica, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Health-related quality of life in patients with primary brain tumors during and three months after treatment with proton beam therapy
- 2021
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Ingår i: Technical Innovations & Patient Support in Radiation Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 2405-6324. ; 17, s. 5-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Proton beam therapy (PBT) is increasingly administered to patients with primary brain tumors. Benefits of new treatments must be weighed against side effects and possible deterioration in health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The aim of this study was to describe and compare HRQoL, including acute symptom experiences and associated factors, in patients with malignant and benign brain tumors treated with PBT. Materials and Methods Adult PBT-treated patients with primary brain tumors (n=266) were studied. HRQoL was assessed with EORTC QLQ-C30, QLQ-BN20, HADS, ISI and MFI before, during and three months after treatment. Associations with demographic and medical factors were explored. Results Between baseline and three months post-treatment: HRQoL decreased significantly in the global health/QOL domains physical functioning, role functioning and cognitive functioning in the malignant group, global health/QOL and physical functioning decreased significantly in the benign group, more comorbidity was significantly associated with increased motor dysfunction, leg weakness, headache and future uncertainty. Fatigue and depression were the most frequent symptoms in both groups. Independent predictors of risk factor recognition were age, sex, chemotherapy, comorbidity and education level. Discussion Global health/QOL in patient with brain tumors is very complex and multidimensional. Symptoms are interrelated and related to patient, tumor and treatment factors. It is important to identify aspects of HRQoL that may be affected by treatment. These include both benefits, expected to improve HRQoL, and negative changes such as symptom experience and influencing factors. Evidence-based guidelines are needed for symptom management, and for high quality of care for patients experiencing low PBT-related HRQoL.
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| 28. |
- Langegård, Ulrica, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Symptom Clusters in Patients With Brain Tumors Undergoing Proton Beam Therapy
- 2019
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Ingår i: Oncology Nursing Forum. - : Oncology Nursing Society. - 0190-535X .- 1538-0688. ; 46:3, s. 349-363
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To explore symptom clusters during proton beam therapy in patients with primary brain tumors and investigate associations among symptom clusters, demographic variables, and comorbidity in this patient population.SAMPLE & SETTING: Data were collected from 187 adult patients with primary brain tumors during their treatment periods in the Skandion Clinic in Uppsala, Sweden. Symptoms were assessed with the Radiotherapy-Related Symptoms Assessment Scale, and comorbidity was evaluated with the Self-Administered Comorbidity Questionnaire.METHODS & VARIABLES: The study used a quantitative and longitudinal design. Exploratory factor analysis was used to determine the underlying structure of symptom clusters.RESULTS: Three clusters were identified: mood, reduced appetite, and reduced energy. The mood cluster had the highest factor loadings (0.71-0.86). In addition, demographic and comorbidity characteristics were associated with symptom clusters in this group of patients.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING: Building knowledge about how these symptoms interact and are clustered will support healthcare professionals to more efficiently relieve symptom clusters during proton beam therapy.
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| 29. |
- Langegård, Ulrica, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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The Art of Living With Symptoms : A Qualitative Study Among Patients With Primary Brain Tumors Receiving Proton Beam Therapy
- 2020
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Ingår i: Cancer Nursing. - Philadelphia : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 0162-220X .- 1538-9804. ; 43:2, s. E79-E86
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Symptom management in conjunction with proton beam therapy (PBT) from patient's perspective has not been explored. Such knowledge is essential to optimize the care in this relatively new treatment modality.Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the process of symptom management in patients with brain tumor receiving PBT.Methods: Participants were 22 patients with primary brain tumor who received PBT, recruited in collaboration with a national center for proton therapy and 2 oncology clinics at 2 university hospitals in Sweden. Interviews using open-ended questions were conducted before, during, and/or after treatment. Verbatim interview transcripts were analyzed using classic Grounded Theory.Results: "The art of living with symptoms" emerged as the core concept. This encompassed 3 interconnected symptom management concepts: "Adapting to limited ability," "Learning about oneself," and "Creating new routines." These concepts were summarized in a substantive theoretical model of symptom management. Despite the struggle to manage symptoms, participants lived a satisfactory life.Conclusions: Symptom management in conjunction with PBT comprises a process of action, thoughts, and emotions. The concepts that emerged indicated patients' symptom management strategies were based on their own resources.Implications for Practice: It is important that PBT facilities develop an approach that facilitates the symptom management process based on patients' experiences of symptoms, as well as their actions and available resources.
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| 30. |
- Lannering, Birgitta, 1948, et al.
(författare)
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Hyperfractionated Versus Conventional Radiotherapy Followed by Chemotherapy in Standard-Risk Medulloblastoma: Results From the Randomized Multicenter HIT-SIOP PNET 4 Trial.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. - 1527-7755. ; 30:26, s. 3187-93
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE To compare event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), pattern of relapse, and hearing loss in children with standard-risk medulloblastoma treated by postoperative hyperfractionated or conventionally fractionated radiotherapy followed by maintenance chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS In all, 340 children age 4 to 21 years from 122 European centers were postoperatively staged and randomly assigned to treatment with hyperfractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) or standard (conventional) fractionated radiotherapy (STRT) followed by a common chemotherapy regimen consisting of eight cycles of cisplatin, lomustine, and vincristine. Results After a median follow-up of 4.8 years (range, 0.1 to 8.3 years), survival rates were not significantly different between the two treatment arms: 5-year EFS was 77% ± 4% in the STRT group and 78% ± 4% in the HFRT group; corresponding 5-year OS was 87% ± 3% and 85% ± 3%, respectively. A postoperative residual tumor of more than 1.5 cm(2) was the strongest negative prognostic factor. EFS of children with all reference assessments and no large residual tumor was 82% ± 2% at 5 years. Patients with a delay of more than 7 weeks to the start of RT had a worse prognosis. Severe hearing loss was not significantly different for the two treatment arms at follow-up. CONCLUSION In this large randomized European study, which enrolled patients with standard-risk medulloblastoma from more than 100 centers, excellent survival rates were achieved in patients without a large postoperative residual tumor and without RT treatment delays. EFS and OS for HFRT was not superior to STRT, which therefore remains standard of care in this disease.
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| 31. |
- Martin, Myriam, et al.
(författare)
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Plasma C4d as marker for lupus nephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus
- 2017
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Ingår i: Arthritis Research and Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1478-6354 .- 1478-6362. ; 19:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In the present study, we sought to evaluate the complement activation product C4d as a marker for lupus nephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods: C4d levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in plasma samples of patients with established SLE using a novel approach based on detection of a short linear cleavage neoepitope. Cross-sectional associations were studied in 98 patients with SLE with samples taken at lower or higher respective disease activity. Temporal associations were investigated in 69 patients with SLE who were followed longitudinally for up to 5 years. Plasma samples from 77 healthy donors were included as controls. Results: C4d levels were negligible in healthy control subjects and significantly increased in patients with SLE in the cross-sectional study (p < 0.0001). C4d levels discriminated between higher and lower disease activity according to ROC curve analysis (p < 0.001), exhibiting a positive predictive value of 68%. At higher disease activity, C4d levels correlated with the modified Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (p = 0.011) and predominantly with lupus nephritis (p = 0.003), exhibiting a sensitivity of 79% to identify patients with nephritis. High C4d levels together with the presence of anti-dsDNA autoantibodies preceded and thus predicted future lupus nephritis in the longitudinal study (OR 5.4, 95% CI 1.4-21.3). When we considered only patients with renal involvement (19 of 69) during the longitudinal study, we found that high C4d levels alone could forecast recurrence of future lupus nephritis (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.2-9.6). Conclusions: C4d appears to be a valuable marker for use in monitoring of patients with SLE, particularly for lupus nephritis. Importantly, C4d levels can predict impending flares of lupus nephritis and may thus be useful for informing treatment.
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| 32. |
- Morgardt-Ryberg, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Is contact allergy to disperse dyes and related substances associated with textile dermatitis?
- 2009
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Ingår i: British Journal of Dermatology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2133 .- 0007-0963. ; 160, s. 107-115
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Summary Background Disperse dyes (DDs) are the most common sensitizers among textile dyes, but there is little knowledge of the clinical relevance of positive patch test reactions. Objective To investigate if patient-reported textile-related skin problems can be explained by contact allergy to eight different DDs and/or to chemically related substances, by occupation or by atopic constitution, and if the skin problems are influenced by age or sex. Methods A questionnaire on textile-related skin problems was answered by 858 of 982 consecutively patch tested patients in Malmö, Sweden and in Leuven, Belgium. The baseline series used for patch testing was supplemented with a textile dye mix (TDM) consisting of the eight DDs and with the separate dyes. The association between textile-related skin problems and contact allergy to the DDs and other risk factors was investigated using multiple logistic regression analysis. Results Eighteen per cent of the patients suspected textiles as a cause of their skin problems. Atopic constitution and female sex were risk factors for skin reactions. Synthetic materials were the most common textiles to give skin problems. A significant association was found between self-reported textile-related skin problems and contact allergy to para-phenylenediamine (PPD) [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 2.1; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0-4.3]. A similar, but more imprecise, adjusted OR was found for TDM (OR 1.9; 95% CI 0.57-5.6). Contact allergy to black rubber mix was too rare to be evaluated. Conclusions Contact allergy to PPD was a more prevalent indicator for skin reactions to textiles than the TDM used in this study.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Romlin, Birgitta, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical course and outcome after treatment with ventricular assist devices in paediatric patients: A single-centre experience
- 2021
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Ingår i: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-5172 .- 1399-6576. ; 65:6, s. 785-791
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Heart failure is a rare condition in the paediatric population, associated with high morbidity and mortality. When medical therapy is no longer sufficient, mechanical circulatory support such as a ventricular assist device can be used to bridge these children to transplant or recovery. Coagulation-related complications such as thrombi, embolism and bleeding events represent the greatest challenge in paediatric patients on mechanical support. We aimed to describe the outcomes and coagulation-related complications in this patient population at our institution. Methods: A total of 20 patients with either Berlin Heart EXCOR® or HeartWare® implantation were reviewed in this retrospective study. Study endpoints were survival to heart transplant, weaning due to recovery or death. Thrombotic events were defined as thrombus formation in the device or in the patient, or cardioembolic strokes. Bleeding events were defined as events requiring interventional surgery or transfusion of red blood cells. Results: The aetiology of heart failure included cardiomyopathy (n=12), end-stage congenital heart disease (n=6) and myocarditis (n=2). Of the 20 patients, 12 were bridged to transplant, 7 recovered and could be weaned and 1 died. The median duration of mechanical support was 84days (range: 20-524days). At least one major or minor bleeding event occurred in 45% of the patients. Thrombotic events occurred 21 times in 10 patients. Four of the patients (20%) had no bleeding or thromboembolic event. Conclusion: In all, 95% of the patients were successfully bridged to transplant or recovery. Bleeding events and thrombotic events were common. © 2021 The Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica Foundation. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
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| 35. |
- Romlin, Birgitta S, et al.
(författare)
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Excellent Outcome With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation After Accidental Profound Hypothermia (13.8°C) and Drowning
- 2015
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Ingår i: Critical Care Medicine. - 0090-3493 .- 1530-0293. ; 43:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To report outcome and intensive care strategy in a 7-year-old girl with accidental profound hypothermia and drowning. Data Sources and Extraction: Patient records and interviews with search-and-rescue personnel. Study Selection: Case report. Data Synthesis: The girl was rescued after an estimated submersion time of at least 83 minutes in icy sea water. She presented with cardiac arrest, ice in her upper airways, a first-documented nasopharyngeal temperature of 13.8 degrees C, and a serum potassium of 11.3 mmol/L. The patient was slowly rewarmed with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and made an exceptional recovery after intensive care and a long rehabilitation time. Conclusion: Excellent outcome is possible in children with body temperature and serum potassium reaching the far limits of previously reported human survival and prolonged submersion time.
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| 36. |
- Rydén, Isabelle, et al.
(författare)
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Neuropsychological functioning in childhood cancer survivors following cranial radiotherapy - results from a long-term follow-up clinic
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Neurocase. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1355-4794 .- 1465-3656. ; 28:2, s. 163-172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Treatment of malignant childhood posterior fossa tumors (CPFT) often includes surgical resection and craniospinal radiotherapy (CSI). Nasopharyngeal tumors in childhood (CNPHT) are often treated with surgery and radiotherapy (RT), leading to incidental brain irradiation. RT to the developing brain is associated with risks for cognitive impairments. We studied cognitive functioning, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), fatigue, and psychological distress, in adult survivors of CPFT and CNPHT, representing two groups, which had received high and low radiation dose-exposure to the brain, respectively. Cognitive tests were used to compare CPFT (n = 12) and CNPHT (n = 7) survivors to matched healthy controls (n = 28). HRQOL data was compared to the general population (GP) (n = 1415-1459). Average follow-up was 23 (CPFT) and 19 years (CNPHT). CPFT survivors had significant deficits in all cognitive domains. CNPHT survivors showed results below the control group but differed statistically only on one executive test. HRQOL-ratings indicated that both groups had similar self-reported cognitive problems. CPFT survivors reported more emotional problems and fatigue. Anxiety was seen in both CPFT and CNPHT survivors. This study confirmed long-term cognitive sequelae after RT in adult survivors of CPFT,and possible RT-induced cognitive deficits in adult CNPHT survivors.
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| 37. |
- Sabel, Magnus, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Hypothermia after cranial irradiation protects neural progenitor cells in the subventricular zone but not in the hippocampus.
- 2017
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Ingår i: International journal of radiation biology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1362-3095 .- 0955-3002. ; 93:8, s. 771-783
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To explore if hypothermia can reduce the harmful effects of ionizing radiation on the neurogenic regions of the brain in young rats.Postnatal day 9 rats were randomized into two treatment groups, hypo- and normothermia, or a control group. Treatment groups were placed in chambers submerged in temperature-controlled water baths (30˚C and 36˚C) for 8h, after receiving a single fraction of 8Gy to the left hemisphere. Seven days post-irradiation, we measured the sizes of the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the granule cell layer (GCL) of the hippocampus, and counted the number of proliferating (phospho-histone H3+) cells and microglia (Iba1+ cells).Irradiation caused a 53% reduction in SVZ size in the normothermia group compared to controls, as well as a reduction of proliferating cell numbers by >50%. These effects were abrogated in the hypothermia group. Irradiation reduced the number of microglia in both treatment groups, but resulted in a lower cell density of Iba1+ cells in the SVZs of the hypothermia group. In the GCL, irradiation decreased both GCL size and the proliferating cell numbers, but with no difference between the treatment groups. The number of microglia in the GCL did not change.Hypothermia immediately after irradiation protects the SVZ and its proliferative cell population but the GCL is not protected, one week post-irradiation.
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| 38. |
- Samuelsson, Kersti, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of shaped wheelchair cushion and lumbar supports on under-seat pressure, comfort, and pelvic rotation.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1748-3107 .- 1748-3115. ; 4:5, s. 329-336
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: A wheelchair seat and position help clients perform daily activities. The comfort of the wheelchair can encourage clients to participate in daily activities and can help prevent future complications. PURPOSE: This study evaluates how a shaped seat-cushion and two different back supports affect under-seat pressure, comfort, and pelvic rotation. METHOD: Thirty healthy subjects were tested using two differently equipped manual wheelchairs. One wheelchair had a Velcro adjustable back seat and a plane seat-cushion. The other wheelchair had a non-adjustable sling-back seat and a plane cushion. The second wheelchair was also equipped with a shaped cushion and/or a detachable lumbar support. Under-seat pressure, estimated comfort, and pelvic rotation were measured after 10 min in each wheelchair outfit. RESULTS: Peak pressure increased with the shaped cushion compared to the plane cushion. No significant difference in estimated comfort was found. Pelvic posterior-rotation was reduced with the adjustable or detachable back-support irrespective of the shape of the seat cushion. CONCLUSIONS: To support a neutral pelvic position and spinal curvature, a combination of a shaped cushion and a marked lumbar support is most effective.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Sundler J, Annelie, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Student nurses' experiences of the clinical learning environment in relation to the organization of supervision : A questionnaire survey
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nurse Education Today. - : Churchill Livingstone. - 0260-6917 .- 1532-2793. ; 34:4, s. 661-666
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim The aim was to investigate student nurses' experiences of the clinical learning environment in relation to how the supervision was organized. Background The clinical environment plays an essential part in student nurses' learning. Even though different models for supervision have been previously set forth, it has been stressed that there is a need both of further empirical studies on the role of preceptorship in undergraduate nursing education and of studies comparing different models. Method A cross-sectional study with comparative design was carried out with a mixed method approach. Data were collected from student nurses in the final term of the nursing programme at three universities in Sweden by means of a questionnaire. Results In general the students had positive experiences of the clinical learning environment with respect to pedagogical atmosphere, leadership style of the ward manager, premises of nursing, supervisory relationship, and role of the nurse preceptor and nurse teacher. However, there were significant differences in their ratings of the supervisory relationship (p < 0.001) and the pedagogical atmosphere (p 0.025) depending on how the supervision was organized. Students who had the same preceptor all the time were more satisfied with the supervisory relationship than were those who had different preceptors each day. Students' comments on the supervision confirmed the significance of the preceptor and the supervisory relationship. Conclusion The organization of the supervision was of significance with regard to the pedagogical atmosphere and the students' relation to preceptors. Students with the same preceptor throughout were more positive concerning the supervisory relationship and the pedagogical atmosphere.
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| 41. |
- Svedman, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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A correlation found between contact allergy to stent material and restenosis of the coronary arteries.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873 .- 1600-0536. ; 60:3, s. 158-164
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Metallic implants, stents, are increasingly being used especially in patients with stenosis of the cardiac vessels. Ten to thirty per cent of the patients suffer from restenosis regardless of aetiology. We have shown increased frequency of contact allergy to stent metals in stented patients. OBJECTIVES: To we evaluate whether contact allergy to stent material is a risk factor for restenosis. METHODS: Patients with stainless steel stents, with or without gold plating, were epicutaneously tested and answered a questionnaire. The restenosis rate was evaluated. RESULTS: We found a correlation between contact allergy to gold, gold stent, and restenosis (OR 2.3, CI 1.0-5.1, P = 0.04). The risk for restenosis was threefold increased when the patient was gold allergic and stented with a gold-plated stent. An increased degree of chest pain in gold-allergic patients stented with gold-plated stent was found. CONCLUSIONS: We found a correlation between contact allergy to gold, gold-stent, and restenosis. It may be of importance to consider contact allergy when developing new materials for stenting.
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| 42. |
- Svedman, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Unexpected sensitization routes and general frequency of contact allergies in an elderly stented Swedish population
- 2007
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Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873 .- 1600-0536. ; 56:6, s. 338-343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Contact allergy to stent material has been proposed to be a risk factor for restenosis, after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and stenting. Information on the general frequency of contact allergy in the elderly population is scarce and knowledge of possible sensitization routes is important to investigate. The aim of this study was to investigate contact allergy to stent materials and other allergens. Here we report our findings on the frequency of contact allergies apart from those from stent material. In this retrospective study, we patch tested an elderly population, treated with PTCA and stented, with our standard series. A dermatitis population served as controls. We found a high frequency of contact allergy in both groups but a greater 'contact allergy burden', with generally higher frequencies for contact allergens, in the dermatitis patients as expected. Myroxylon pereirae and caine mix were apart from metals exceptions with statistically significant higher frequencies (P < 0.01) for the stented patients. Contact allergy to nonmetal sensitizers is common in an elderly Swedish stent population although, on the whole, substantially less than in an age and sex-matched dermatitis population. The findings indicate the importance of the oral mucosa for sensitization. In a general population that has been treated with a special medication/treatment procedure, contact allergies not suspected (such as to M. pereirae and to the metals) might suddenly peak. This underlines the importance of a careful evaluation of new products and routines with regard to contact allergies in the population.
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| 43. |
- Swietlicki, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Balansgång mellan klimat och hälsa
- 2013
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Ingår i: 15 nedslag i klimatforskningen. - 9789163723384 ; , s. 209-222
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Thyberg, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
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Hand pains in women and men in early rheumatoid arthritis, a one year follow-up after diagnosis. The Swedish TIRA project
- 2017
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 39:3, s. 291-300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This research analysed general pain intensity, hand pain at rest and hand pain during activity in women and men in early rheumatoid arhtritis (RA).Method: Out of the 454 patients that were recruited into the Swedish early RA project "TIRA" the 373 patients (67% women) that remained at 12 months follow-up are reported here. Disease activity 28 joint score (DAS-28), disability (Health Assessment Questionnaire = HAQ) and pain (VAS) were recorded at inclusion and after 3 (M3), 6 (M6) and 12 (M12) months. General pain, hand pain during rest, hand pain during test of grip force as assessed by Grippit™, prescribed disease-modifying anti-inflammatory drugs (DMARDs) and hand dominance were recorded.Results: DAS-28 and HAQ scores were high at inclusion and improved thereafter in both women and men. There were no significant differences between sexes at inclusion but women had higher DAS-28 and HAQ at all follow-ups. Women were more often prescribed DMARDs than were men. In both women and men all pain types were significantly lower at follow-up compared to at inclusion and women reported higher pain than men at follow-ups. The pain types differed significantly from each other at inclusion into TIRA, general pain was highest and hand pain during rest was lowest. There were no significant differences in hand pain related to hand dominance or between right and left hands.Conclusions: Disease activity, disability and pain were high at inclusion and reduced over the first year. Despite more DMARDs prescribed in women than in men, women were more affected than were men. General pain was highest and not surprisingly hand pain during active grip testing was higher than hand pain during rest that was lowest in both sexes. Although our cohort was well controlled, it was evident that hand pain remains a problem. This has implications for rehabilitation and suggests potential ongoing activity limitations that should continue to receive attention from a multi-professional team.Implications for RehabilitationGeneral pain and hand pain remain a problem in RA despite today's early intervention and effective disease control with new era biologics.The extent of hand pain evidenced in our work gives a more detailed and comprehensive account of pain status.Higher hand pain during active grip testing than that during rest indicates a potential relationship to ongoing activity limitation.Hand pain assessment can help guiding multi-professional interventions directed to reduce hand pain and thereby probably reduce activity limitations.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Uku, Jacqueline, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization and comparison of prokaryotic epiphytes associated with three east African seagrasses
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Phycology. - 0022-3646. ; 43:4, s. 768-779
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prokaryotic epiphytes on leaves of three seagrass species, Thalassodendron ciliatum, Thalassia hemprichii, and Cymodocea rotundata, from two Kenyan coastal sites, Nyali (a high-nutrient site) and Vipingo (a low-nutrient site), were characterized genetically and morphol. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and clone libraries of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene fragments were used to study prokaryotes assocd. with these seagrasses. In general, the epiphytic coverage was greater in the high-nutrient site, while the microbial diversity was linked to seagrass species rather than the study sites. Cytophaga-Flavobacteria-Bacteroides (CFB) were assocd. with T. ciliatum and T. hemprichii mainly in the nutrient-poor site, while a-, b-, and g-proteobacteria were assocd. with all three species at the two study sites. Some bacteria phylotypes were closely related to sequences of microorganisms previously recovered from wastewaters or other contaminated sources, indicating the influx of land-based wastes into these coastal lagoon ecosystems. The abundance of potential nitrogen (N2)-fixing cyanobacteria on C. rotundata, particularly in the low-nutrient site, suggested that this assocn. may have been acquired to meet N demands. Unicellular cyanobacteria were dominant and assocd. with C. rotundata and T. hemprichii (with those on T. hemprichii being closely related to cyanobacterial symbiotic species), while T. ciliatum was almost devoid of cyanobacterial assocns. at the same site (Nyali), which suggests specificity in the cyanobacteria-seagrass assocns. The abundance of prokaryotic epiphytes was considered to be linked to water depth and tidal exposure.
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- Wagman, Petra, et al.
(författare)
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Självskattad aktivitetsbalans hos vuxna med gemensam diagnos och vuxna från en generell population
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tema: Hälsofrämjande perspektivStadier i livet: VuxnaProjekttyp: ForskningsarbeteBakgrund: Aktivitetsbalans är ett viktigt hälsorelaterat begrepp inom arbetsterapi. Det finns behov av studier där aktivitetsbalans mäts på samma sätt i olika populationer för att generera fördjupad kunskap om hur aktivitetsbalansen ser ut vid olika diagnoser och hur den skiljer sig från personer i generell befolkning. I studien används Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ), baserad på definitionen att aktivitetsbalans är en persons upplevelse av att ha rätt mängd aktivitet och rätt variation mellan olika aktiviteter i sin vardag.Syfte: Syftet är att beskriva aktivitetsbalans hos personer i yrkesverksam ålder med gemensamma diagnoser (reumatoid artrit och ångest/depression) och hos personer från en generell population. Eventuella skillnader mellan män och kvinnor undersöks också. Ett ytterligare syfte är att kontrollera OBQs psykometriska egenskaper i grupperna med gemensam diagnos.Metod: Studien är pågående och data samlas in via frågeformulär. Deltagare är 50 personer med ångest eller depression (resultat från fler planeras till presentationen), 383 personer med reumatoid artrit och 217 personer från en generell population. Samtliga deltagare var i åldern 20-65 år. Aktivitetsbalans mättes OBQ vilket består av 13 påståenden som skattas på ordinalskala. Svaren summeras till en totalskala (0-65) och analyseras också avseende varje påstående. OBQ har visat god innehållsvaliditet. Det har också haft god intern konsistens och test-retestreliabilitet bland deltagare från generell population. Icke-parametrisk statistik används vid analys.Resultat/preliminärt resultat: Det preliminära resultatet visade att deltagarna med ångest/depression skattar lägre aktivitetsbalans (median 24) än de med reumatoid artrit (median 43) och deltagarna från en generell population (median 42). Samma resultat sågs i de enskilda påståendena. OBQ visade också god intern konsistens i samtliga grupper (Cronbachs alpha 0,874-0,947).Slutsats: Studien bidrar med kunskap om aktivitetsbalans i olika grupper.
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