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1.
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2.
  • Gloriam, David E., et al. (författare)
  • A Community Standard Format for the Representation of Protein Affinity Reagents
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. - 1535-9476 .- 1535-9484. ; 9:1, s. 1-10
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Protein affinity reagents (PARs), most commonly antibodies, are essential reagents for protein characterization in basic research, biotechnology, and diagnostics as well as the fastest growing class of therapeutics. Large numbers of PARs are available commercially; however, their quality is often uncertain. In addition, currently available PARs cover only a fraction of the human proteome, and their cost is prohibitive for proteome scale applications. This situation has triggered several initiatives involving large scale generation and validation of antibodies, for example the Swedish Human Protein Atlas and the German Antibody Factory. Antibodies targeting specific subproteomes are being pursued by members of Human Proteome Organisation (plasma and liver proteome projects) and the United States National Cancer Institute (cancer-associated antigens). ProteomeBinders, a European consortium, aims to set up a resource of consistently quality-controlled protein-binding reagents for the whole human proteome. An ultimate PAR database resource would allow consumers to visit one online warehouse and find all available affinity reagents from different providers together with documentation that facilitates easy comparison of their cost and quality. However, in contrast to, for example, nucleotide databases among which data are synchronized between the major data providers, current PAR producers, quality control centers, and commercial companies all use incompatible formats, hindering data exchange. Here we propose Proteomics Standards Initiative (PSI)-PAR as a global community standard format for the representation and exchange of protein affinity reagent data. The PSI-PAR format is maintained by the Human Proteome Organisation PSI and was developed within the context of ProteomeBinders by building on a mature proteomics standard format, PSI-molecular interaction, which is a widely accepted and established community standard for molecular interaction data. Further information and documentation are available on the PSI-PAR web site. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 9: 1-10, 2010.
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4.
  • Uhlén, Mathias, et al. (författare)
  • A human protein atlas for normal and cancer tissues based on antibody proteomics
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. - 1535-9476 .- 1535-9484. ; 4:12, s. 1920-1932
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Antibody-based proteomics provides a powerful approach for the functional study of the human proteome involving the systematic generation of protein-specific affinity reagents. We used this strategy to construct a comprehensive, antibody-based protein atlas for expression and localization profiles in 48 normal human tissues and 20 different cancers. Here we report a new publicly available database containing, in the first version, similar to 400,000 high resolution images corresponding to more than 700 antibodies toward human proteins. Each image has been annotated by a certified pathologist to provide a knowledge base for functional studies and to allow queries about protein profiles in normal and disease tissues. Our results suggest it should be possible to extend this analysis to the majority of all human proteins thus providing a valuable tool for medical and biological research.
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5.
  • Älgenäs, Cajsa, et al. (författare)
  • Antibody performance in western blot applications is context- dependent
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Biotechnology Journal. - : Wiley. - 1860-6768 .- 1860-7314. ; 9:3, s. 435-445
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • An important concern for the use of antibodies in various applications, such as western blot (WB) or immunohistochemistry (IHC), is specificity. This calls for systematic validations using well-designed conditions. Here, we have analyzed 13000 antibodies using western blot with lysates from human cell lines, tissues, and plasma. Standardized stratification showed that 45% of the antibodies yielded supportive staining, and the rest either no staining (12%) or protein bands of wrong size (43%). A comparative study of WB and IHC showed that the performance of antibodies is application-specific, although a correlation between no WB staining and weak IHC staining could be seen. To investigate the influence of protein abundance on the apparent specificity of the antibody, new WB analyses were performed for 1369 genes that gave unsupportive WBs in the initial screening using cell lysates with overexpressed full-length proteins. Then, more than 82% of the antibodies yielded a specific band corresponding to the full-length protein. Hence, the vast majority of the antibodies (90%) used in this study specifically recognize the target protein when present at sufficiently high levels. This demonstrates the context- and application-dependence of antibody validation and emphasizes that caution is needed when annotating binding reagents as specific or cross-reactive. WB is one of the most commonly used methods for validation of antibodies. Our data implicate that solely using one platform for antibody validation might give misleading information and therefore at least one additional method should be used to verify the achieved data.
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  • Barbe, Laurent, et al. (författare)
  • Toward a confocal subcellular atlas of the human proteome
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Molecular and cellular proteomics. - 1535-9476 .- 1535-9484. ; 7:3, s. 499-508
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Information on protein localization on the subcellular level is important to map and characterize the proteome and to better understand cellular functions of proteins. Here we report on a pilot study of 466 proteins in three human cell lines aimed to allow large scale confocal microscopy analysis using protein-specific antibodies. Approximately 3000 high resolution images were generated, and more than 80% of the analyzed proteins could be classified in one or multiple subcellular compartment(s). The localizations of the proteins showed, in many cases, good agreement with the Gene Ontology localization prediction model. This is the first large scale antibody-based study to localize proteins into subcellular compartments using antibodies and confocal microscopy. The results suggest that this approach might be a valuable tool in conjunction with predictive models for protein localization.
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8.
  • Berglund, Lisa, et al. (författare)
  • A genecentric Human Protein Atlas for expression profiles based on antibodies
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. - 1535-9476 .- 1535-9484. ; 7:10, s. 2019-2027
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • An attractive path forward in proteomics is to experimentally annotate the human protein complement of the genome in a genecentric manner. Using antibodies, it might be possible to design protein-specific probes for a representative protein from every protein-coding gene and to subsequently use the antibodies for systematical analysis of cellular distribution and subcellular localization of proteins in normal and disease tissues. A new version (4.0) of the Human Protein Atlas has been developed in a genecentric manner with the inclusion of all human genes and splice variants predicted from genome efforts together with a visualization of each protein with characteristics such as predicted membrane regions, signal peptide, and protein domains and new plots showing the uniqueness (sequence similarity) of every fraction of each protein toward all other human proteins. The new version is based on tissue profiles generated from 6120 antibodies with more than five million immunohistochemistry-based images covering 5067 human genes, corresponding to approximately 25% of the human genome. Version 4.0 includes a putative list of members in various protein classes, both functional classes, such as kinases, transcription factors, G-protein-coupled receptors, etc., and project-related classes, such as candidate genes for cancer or cardiovascular diseases. The exact antigen sequence for the internally generated antibodies has also been released together with a visualization of the application-specific validation performed for each antibody, including a protein array assay, Western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry, and, for a large fraction, immunofluorescence-based confocal microscopy. New search functionalities have been added to allow complex queries regarding protein expression profiles, protein classes, and chromosome location. The new version of the protein atlas thus is a resource for many areas of biomedical research, including protein science and biomarker discovery.
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9.
  • Berglund, Lisa, et al. (författare)
  • A whole-genome bioinformatics approach to selection of antigens for systematic antibody generation
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Proteomics. - : Wiley. - 1615-9853 .- 1615-9861. ; 8:14, s. 2832-2839
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Here, we present an antigen selection strategy based on a whole-genome bioinformatics approach, which is facilitated by an interactive visualization tool displaying protein features from both public resources and in-house generated data. The web-based bioinformatics platform has been designed for selection of multiple, non-overlapping recombinant protein epitope signature tags by display of predicted information relevant for antigens, including domain- and epitope sized sequence similarities to other proteins, transmembrane regions and signal peptides. The visualization tool also displays shared and exclusive protein regions for genes with multiple splice variants. A genome-wide analysis demonstrates that antigens for approximately 80% of the human protein-coding genes can be selected with this strategy.
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10.
  • Berglund, Lisa, et al. (författare)
  • Generation of validated antibodies towards the human proteome
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Here we show the results from a large effort to generate antibodies towards the human proteome. A high-throughput strategy was developed based on cloning and expression of antigens as recombitant protein epitope signature tags (PrESTs) Affinity purified polyclonal antibodies were generated, followed by validation by protein microarrays, Western blotting and microarray-based immunohistochemistry. PrESTs were selected based on sequence uniqueness relative the proteome and a bioinformatics analysis showed that unique antigens can be found for at least 85% of the proteome using this general strategy. The success rate from antigen selection to validated antibodies was 31%, and from protein to antibody 55%. Interestingly, membrane-bound and soluble proteins performed equally and PrEST lengths between 75 and 125 amino acids were found to give the highest yield of validated antibodies. Multiple antigens were selected for many genes and the results suggest that specific antibodies can be systematically generated to most human proteibs.
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11.
  • Björling, Erik, et al. (författare)
  • A web-based tool for in silico biomarker discovery based on tissue-specific protein profiles in normal and cancer tissues
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. - 1535-9476 .- 1535-9484. ; 7:5, s. 825-844
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Here we report the development of a publicly available Web-based analysis tool for exploring proteins expressed in a tissue- or cancer-specific manner. The search queries are based on the human tissue profiles in normal and cancer cells in the Human Protein Atlas portal and rely on the individual annotation performed by pathologists of images representing immunohistochemically stained tissue sections. Approximately 1.8 million images representing more than 3000 antibodies directed toward human proteins were used in the study. The search tool allows for the systematic exploration of the protein atlas to discover potential protein biomarkers. Such biomarkers include tissue-specific markers, cell type-specific markers, tumor type-specific markers, markers of malignancy, and prognostic or predictive markers of cancers. Here we show examples of database queries to generate sets of candidate biomarker proteins for several of these different categories. Expression profiles of candidate proteins can then subsequently be validated by examination of the underlying high resolution images. The present study shows examples of search strategies revealing several potential protein biomarkers, including proteins specifically expressed in normal cells and in cancer cells from specified tumor types. The lists of candidate proteins can be used as a starting point for further validation in larger patient cohorts using both immunological approaches and technologies utilizing more classical proteomics tools.
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  • Björling, Erik, et al. (författare)
  • Antibodypedia : a portal for sharing antibody and antigen validation data
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. - 1535-9476. ; 7:10, s. 2028-2037
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Antibodies are useful tools to characterize the components of the human proteome and to validate potential protein biomarkers discovered through various clinical proteomics efforts. The lack of validation results across various applications for most antibodies often makes it necessary to perform cumbersome investigations to ensure specificity of a particular antibody in a certain application. A need therefore exists for a standardized system for sharing validation data about publicly available antibodies and to allow antibody providers as well as users to contribute and edit experimental evidence data, including data also on the antigen. Here we describe a new publicly available portal called Antibodypedia, which has been developed to allow sharing of information regarding validation of antibodies in which providers can submit their own validation results and reliability scores. We report standardized validation criteria and submission rules for applications such as Western blots, protein arrays, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. The contributor is expected to provide experimental evidence and a validation score for each antibody, and the users can subsequently provide feedback and comments on the use of the antibody. The database thus provides a virtual resource of publicly available antibodies toward human proteins with accompanying experimental evidence supporting an individual validation score for each antibody in an application-specific manner.
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14.
  • Björling, Erik, 1973- (författare)
  • Databases for antibody-based proteomics
  • 2008
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Humans are believed to have ~20,500 protein-coding genes andmuch effort has over the last years been put into the characterizationand localization of the encoded proteins in order to understand theirfunctions. One such effort is the Human Proteome Resource (HPR)project, started in Sweden 2003 with the aim to generate specificantibodies to each human protein and to use those antibodies toanalyze the human proteome by screening human tissues and cells.The work reported in this thesis deals with structuring of data fromantibody-based proteomics assays, with focus on the importance ofaggregating and presenting data in a way that is easy to apprehend.The goals were to model and build databases for collecting, searchingand analyzing data coming out of the large-scale HPR project and tomake all collected data publicly available. A public website, theHuman Protein Atlas, was developed giving all end-users in thescientific community access to the HPR database with proteinexpression data. In 2008, the Human Protein Atlas was released in its4th version containing more than 6000 antibodies, covering more than25% of the human proteins. All the collected protein expression datais searchable on the public website. End-users can query for proteinsthat show high expression in one tissue and no expression in anotherand possibly find tissue specific biomarkers. Queries can also beconstructed to find proteins with different expression levels in normalvs. cancer tissues. The proteins found by such a query could identifypotential biomarkers for cancer that could be used as diagnosticmarkers and maybe even be involved in cancer therapy in the future.Validation of antibodies is important in order to get reliable resultsfrom different assays. It has been noted that some antibodies arereliable in certain assays but not in others and therefore anotherpublicly available database, the Antibodypedia, has been createdwhere any antibody producer can submit their binders together withthe validation data in order for end users to purchase the bestantibody for their protein target and their intended assay.
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15.
  • Björling, Erik (författare)
  • Digital tvistlösning
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Noll, G (red.). AI, digitalisering och rätten. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144137858 ; , s. 45-63
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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16.
  • Björling, Erik (författare)
  • In The Procedural Surroundings Of Consumer Protection: Online Dispute Resolution, The Adversarial Principle, And Tendencies Toward Settlement
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Masaryk University Journal of Law and Technology. - 1802-5943. ; 13:2, s. 311-338
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The article builds on a pluralistic perspective on law and the understanding that legal research must take into account the procedural and institutional landscape where legal rights are enforced. In relation to online dispute resolution (ODR), two procedural mechanisms, namely the adversarial principle and the tendency toward settlements, are studied and discussed. The adversarial principle (argued to be integral to most ODR procedures) and tendencies toward settlements (also argued to be integral to most ODR procedures) are considered in relation to the overarching (and possibly contradictory) objectives of protecting individual consumer rights and the interest of increasing economic efficiency within the EU’s internal market.
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  • Björling, Erik (författare)
  • Polycentric Dispute Resolution
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Konferensbidrag: Cyberspace, Masaryk University, Brno.
  • Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • What underlying legal landscape is ODR and different ADR schemes situated in? The paper examines how pluralistic dimensions, adversary principles and tendencies toward settlement set the framework for Online Dispute Resolution.
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23.
  • Björling, Erik (författare)
  • Rättstillämpningens tystnad. En rättsvetenskaplig narratologisk studie om argumentation och rättsliga uttryck inom civilprocessen
  • 2017
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The thesis aims to develop methodological concepts that contribute to the under-standing of, and critique of, legal argumentation in court proceedings. The concepts take their onset in narratological terminology and in a thorough discussion con¬cerning the ontological and epistemological grounds for legal application. It is argued that there are unexplored aspects of law left to be examined particularly if law is seen as something that becomes rather than something that is, in other words, if legal expressions are studied rather than legal representations. In a shift from law within a discourse of repre¬sentation to a discourse of expression the concept of legal application would be replaced by the concept of legal narratives. The most important methodological concepts that are developed in the thesis are legal enthymemes, overdetermined subjects and narrative dissonance. These concepts are used to show how legal argumentation is constructed based on implicit premises (legal enthy¬memes), how legal argumentation faces challenges in handling different subject positions of the parties and the court (overdetermined subjects), and how differences in narrative approaches creates difficulties in relation to the principles behind the adversarial process (narrative dissonance). On a more general level the thesis deals with issues regarding legal philosophy and civil procedural law. The methodological approach can be situated within the field of law and literature, more specifically, law and narrative.
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24.
  • Björling, Erik (författare)
  • Stoiska reflektioner: Zenon, Nanna och jag
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Inför den tionde terminen II (red: Lars-Göran Malmberg). - Göteborg : Juridiska institutionen vid Handelshögskolan, Göteborgs universitet. - 9789187869150 ; , s. 5-8
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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  • Björling, Erik (författare)
  • The expression of legal argumentation: Towards a methodology for narrative studies of ‘discourses of subsumption’
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Legal Discourse. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 2364-8821 .- 2364-883X. ; 1:1, s. 117-132
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This article focuses on methods for studying legal argumentation in civil law case law material, more specifically argumentation as part of a discourse of subsumption as it is performed in civil procedure case law. The discourse of subsumption is described as revolving around a logic where legal norms are separated from non-legal norms and then matched with facts that are separated from non-(relevant)facts. The article describes theoretical and methodological possibilities of rewriting the discourse of subsumption into a discourse that approaches law as a normative and continuous process of ‘becoming’ rather than a discourse that revolves around the ‘existence’ of law. The advantage of such a reconstruction is that the focus on the process of ‘becoming’ provides answers to ‘how-questions’ rather than ‘what-questions’. By studying case law material, not as an argumentation based on the representation of law but as an expression of legal argumentation, it is possible to gain a deeper understanding on how subsumption is performed and what kind of normative transformation it entails. The theoretical framework of the paper builds upon the notion of a flat ontology and discourse- and narratology-terminology. Methodological concepts such as legal enthymemes, narrative dissonance and overdetermined subject positions are presented as concrete tools to understand problematic aspects within the discourses of subsumption, revealing normative aspects of legal argumentation that is not openly legitimated within a discourse that revolves around the ‘existence’ of law.
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27.
  • Björling, Erik, et al. (författare)
  • The Role of Legal Theory in Legal Education: A Reflection on Professional and Scholarly Ideals in Nordic Legal Education
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Nordic Journal on Law and Society. - : Umea University Library. - 2002-7788. ; 4:3, s. 1-31
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The article addresses the role of legal theory in legal education. Today, a multitude of perspectives is present within legal theory and, as a subject, it is not as distinct as it is sometimes claimed to be. It is evident when considering syllabuses in the Nordic countries that nearly all LLM programmes have ambitions to teach legal theory as embracing a multitude of theoretical and methodological perspectives. This multitude of perspectives promises adaptable content for the subject of legal theory in various legal contexts, and could facilitate a reflection on how knowledge is acquired and why. The challenge addressed in the article is the presence of explicit or implicit ideas from the subject of legal theory as comprising a coherent “legal method” and a specific list of accepted theories. The persistence of such ideas is scrutinised in this article with help of the concepts of “professional knowledge” and “scholarly knowledge”. In order to navigate the complex field of legal theories, students need meta-reflective skills, which means the ability to reflect upon the underlying complexity and multitude of the subject. This is shown by a case study from the Department of Law at the University of Gothenburg, together with examples from curricula and textbooks from legal theory courses across the Nordic countries.
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  • Björling, Sten-Erik, et al. (författare)
  • ICT concepts for managing future challenges in e-maintenance
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: 22nd International Congress on Condition Monitoring and Diagnostic Engineering Management. - Eibar : Fundaci n Tekniker. - 9788493206468
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The maintenance & operations fields are & will increasingly be dominated by information fragmentation, product & process complexities, increasingly important needs to access relevant knowledge in an ever faster pace, increased need for accurate analysis & implementation of the analysis results & need for more effective & accurate management.In addition to this the created solutions & processes also has to be effectively used in different work contexts including mobile work contexts & supporting interoperability with external ICT systems & processes. ICT-based frameworks should according to the factors & challenges described above be structured to be flexible enough to over time integrate new types of information & services, be usable both internally in the industrial facilities & in the field (mobile) & effectively act as a bridge between older & future ICT-systems. An example of such an integration approach is the PROTEUS project aiming at developing an "integrating" platform for maintenance management. The frameworks described during this presentation also will include modularised integration of not only data in existing maintenance systems and knowledge resources but also integration with web services (SOA), access & management of external computational services (analysis). These different modules will be accessible more dynamically than earlier web-based solutions. This in an environment that support several parallel work contexts & use not only in fixed networks but also in mobile / nomadic settings allowing a high degree of flexibility for the maintenance & operations staff.
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30.
  • Björling, Sten-Erik (författare)
  • Integration of knowledge management systems and end-user interfaces for MPMM
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: MPMM 2011: Maintenance Performance Measurement & Management. - Luleå : Luleå tekniska universitet. - 9789174393798 ; , s. 209-212
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Maintenance can be considered as a combined information and knowledge processing and management system. Effective knowledge, practices and experiences management is growing in importance, especially in advanced processes and management of advanced and expensive assets. Efforts of integrating maintenance knowledge management (MKM) processes with MKMM will be increasingly more important due to the increasing complexities of these overall systems – the context in which the performance measurements has been performed is also important input in the performance analysis. Integration of MKM in MPMM can result in higher quality of the decisions and actions in the maintenance processes and in the overall work to increase efficiency and decreasing costs in the organizations.Integration of MKM (Maintenance Knowledge Management – knowledge, experiences and practices management) with collaborative structures and interfacing abilities with qualified services for simulation, modeling and computations can be regarded as Intelligence-based Maintenance (iMaintenance).These infrastructures present in iMaintenance can further improve MPMM efforts due to possible utilization of more accurate property and context information and services – changes in installations, environmental factors etc. not easily integrated in current MPMM implementations.Integration of MPMM with iMaintenance solutions can also improve the interaction between management and the maintenance operators and also allow improved interaction and integration with production operators in the organization. MPMM can with this approach be integrated as a natural component in the overall ICT-based maintenance and collaboration solutions – the performance status reporting will be seen as a natural extension to the normal routines. In this context the usability of the end-user environments will be very important – especially when designing systems for mobile use by maintenance operators in the field.
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31.
  • Björling, Sten-Erik, et al. (författare)
  • Maintenance knowledge management with fusion of CMMS and CM
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: DMIN 2013 International Conference on Data Mining.
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Maintenance can be considered as an information, knowledge processing and management system. The management of knowledge resources in maintenance is a relatively new issue compared to Computerized Maintenance Management Systems (CMMS) and Condition Monitoring (CM) approaches and systems. Information Communication technologies (ICT) systems including CMMS, CM and enterprise administrative systems amongst others are effective in supplying data and in some cases information. In order to be effective the availability of high-quality knowledge, skills and expertise are needed for effective analysis and decision-making based on the supplied information and data. Information and data are not by themselves enough, knowledge, experience and skills are the key factors when maximizing the usability of the collected data and information. Thus, effective knowledge management (KM) is growing in importance, especially in advanced processes and management of advanced and expensive assets. Therefore efforts to successfully integrate maintenance knowledge management processes with accurate information from CMMSs and CM systems will be vital due to the increasing complexities of the overall systems.Low maintenance effectiveness costs money and resources since normal and stable production cannot be upheld and maintained over time, lowered maintenance effectiveness can have a substantial impact on the organizations ability to obtain stable flows of income and control costs in the overall process. Ineffective maintenance is often dependent on faulty decisions, mistakes due to lack of experience and lack of functional systems for effective information exchange [10]. Thus, access to knowledge, experience and skills resources in combination with functional collaboration structures can be regarded as vital components for a high maintenance effectiveness solution.Maintenance effectiveness depends in part on the quality, timeliness, accuracy and completeness of information related to machine degradation state, based on which decisions are made. Maintenance effectiveness, to a large extent, also depends on the quality of the knowledge of the managers and maintenance operators and the effectiveness of the internal & external collaborative environments. With emergence of intelligent sensors to measure and monitor the health state of the component and gradual implementation of ICT) in organizations, the conceptualization and implementation of E-Maintenance is turning into a reality. Unfortunately, even though knowledge management aspects are important in maintenance, the integration of KM aspects has still to find its place in E-Maintenance and in the overall information flows of larger-scale maintenance solutions. Nowadays, two main systems are implemented in most maintenance departments: Firstly, Computer Maintenance Management Systems (CMMS), the core of traditional maintenance record-keeping practices that often facilitate the usage of textual descriptions of faults and actions performed on an asset. Secondly, condition monitoring systems (CMS). Recently developed (CMS) are capable of directly monitoring asset components parameters; however, attempts to link observed CMMS events to CM sensor measurements have been limited in their approach and scalability. In this article we present one approach for addressing this challenge. We argue that understanding the requirements and constraints in conjunction - from maintenance, knowledge management and ICT perspectives - is necessary. We identify the issues that need be addressed for achieving successful integration of such disparate data types and processes (also integrating knowledge management into the “data types” and processes).
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32.
  • Björling, Sten-Erik (författare)
  • Modular tool concepts for sustainable product development environments
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Advanced Design and Manufacture. - : Trans Tech Publications Inc.. ; , s. 55-59
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • An existing demonstrator for E-maintenance solutions for advanced aviation maintenance staff was extended to incorporate abilities as a collaborative environment for developers of sustain­able products. Most of the existing core concepts and functions in the demonstrator were found to be viable: work context management, modularisation, information and web services access. This paper pres­en­ts more in detail the modularization concept used in the demonstrator and its potential use in collaborative environments for sustainable prod­ucts developers. This concept if implemented allow faster integration of external web services and information sources into the sustainable product design work­flows and processes.
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33.
  • Dzhigaev, Dmitry, et al. (författare)
  • Strain mapping inside an individual processed vertical nanowire transistor using scanning X-ray nanodiffraction
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Nanoscale. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2040-3372 .- 2040-3364. ; 12:27, s. 14487-14493
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Semiconductor nanowires in wrapped, gate-all-around transistor geometry are highly favorable for future electronics. The advanced nanodevice processing results in strain due to the deposited dielectric and metal layers surrounding the nanowires, significantly affecting their performance. Therefore, non-destructive nanoscale characterization of complete devices is of utmost importance due to the small feature sizes and three-dimensional buried structure. Direct strain mapping inside heterostructured GaSb-InAs nanowire tunnel field-effect transistor embedded in dielectric HfO2, W metal gate layers, and an organic spacer is performed using fast scanning X-ray nanodiffraction. The effect of 10 nm W gate on a single embedded nanowire with segment diameters down to 40 nm is retrieved. The tensile strain values reach 0.26% in the p-type GaSb segment of the transistor. Supported by the finite element method simulation, we establish a connection between the Ar pressure used during the W layer deposition and the nanowire strain state. Thus, we can benchmark our models for further improvements in device engineering. Our study indicates, how the significant increase in X-ray brightness at 4th generation synchrotron, makes high-throughput measurements on realistic nanoelectronic devices viable.
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35.
  • Hansen, Jonny, et al. (författare)
  • Elastohydrodynamic performance of a hydrocarbon mimicking ionic liquid additive
  • 2017
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Machine elements operating under lubricated conditions will eventually fail due to high stresses and fatigue-related causes. In order to find optimum protective measures, it is important to understand how the stresses arise and what factors that influence their magnitude. With the current shift for more sever lubricating regimes, the role of tribo-improvers is becoming vital. At this point, the interplay between the chemisorption mechanism of various lubricant compounds and surface failure is not yet fully understood. To obtain a better understanding of this, a newly developed ionic structured tribo-improving additive, based on silicon, was investigated and benchmarked against conventional heavy-duty gearbox additives. A ball on disc device was operated under heavily loaded rolling/sliding conditions, at elevated temperature to simulate gear like conditions, and lubricating performance was subsequently evaluated in terms of friction and wear. Such results highlight the importance of properly designed lubricants for optimal tribo-performance under rolling-sliding conditions
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36.
  • Hultegård, Kristina, 1987, et al. (författare)
  • “Between pain and compensation” – Justice, redress and reparations for the Swedish Roma community
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: Retfærd. Nordisk Juridisk Tidsskrift. - 0105-1121. ; 2:180, s. 41-57
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Abstract: In 2017, the Swedish Court of Appeal rendered a judgment in a damages action involving eleven plaintiffs who had been registered in the so-called Roma Register. The database was kept by the Skåne police force, mapping family ties and other connections within the Roma community. The Court ruled in accordance with the claims of compensation, made by the plaintiffs, stating “For the assessment, the Court of Appeal considers that the history of the Roma People, with exposure and violations, should be taken into account”. When claims for damages are assessed within Swedish legal procedures, historical considerations are, however, still rare. The inability of the judiciary to recompense a violent past has been thoroughly investigated within current scholarship on redress and reparations. Guided by this scholar- ship, with a particular focus on the article “The accursed share: Genealogy, temporality, and the problem of value in Black reparations discourse” by Robert Westly, we examine the case of the Roma register, argu- ing that the case was able to challenge the main principles of temporality and subjectivity in law.
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37.
  • Kahnt, Maik, et al. (författare)
  • Complete alignment of a KB-mirror system guided by ptychography
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Optics Express. - 1094-4087. ; 30:23, s. 42308-42322
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We demonstrate how the individual mirrors of a high-quality Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) mirror system can be aligned to each other to create an optimally focused beam, through minimizing aberrations in the phase of the ptychographically reconstructed pupil function. Different sources of misalignment and the distinctive phase artifacts they create are presented via experimental results from the alignment of the KB mirrors at the NanoMAX diffraction endstation. The catalog of aberration artifacts can be used to easily identify which parameter requires further tuning in the alignment of any KB mirror system.
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38.
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39.
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41.
  • Mulder, J., et al. (författare)
  • Tissue Profiling of the Mammalian Central Nervous System Using Human Antibody-based Proteomics
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. - 1535-9476 .- 1535-9484. ; 8:7, s. 1612-1622
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A need exists for mapping the protein profiles in the human brain both during normal and disease conditions. Here we studied 800 antibodies generated toward human proteins as part of a Human Protein Atlas program and investigated their suitability for detailed analysis of various levels of a rat brain using immuno-based methods. In this way, the parallel, rather limited analysis of the human brain, restricted to four brain areas (cerebellum, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and lateral subventricular zone), could be extended in the rat model to 25 selected areas of the brain. Approximately 100 antibodies (12%) revealed a distinct staining pattern and passed validation of specificity using Western blot analysis. These antibodies were applied to coronal sections of the rat brain at 0.7-mm intervals covering the entire brain. We have now produced detailed protein distribution profiles for these antibodies and acquired over 640 images that form the basis of a publicly available portal of an antibody-based Rodent Brain Protein Atlas database (www.proteinatlas.org/rodentbrain). Because of the systematic selection of target genes, the majority of antibodies included in this database are generated against proteins that have not been studied in the brain before. Furthermore optimized tissue processing and colchicine treatment allow a high quality, more extended annotation and detailed analysis of subcellular distributions and protein dynamics. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 8: 1612-1622, 2009.
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42.
  • Nilsson, Peter, et al. (författare)
  • Towards a human proteome atlas : high-throughput generation of mono-specific antibodies for tissue profiling
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: Proteomics. - : Wiley. - 1615-9853 .- 1615-9861. ; 5:17, s. 4327-4337
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A great need exists for the systematic generation of specific antibodies to explore the human proteome. Here, we show that antibodies specific to human proteins can be generated in a high-throughput manner involving stringent affinity purification using recombinant protein epitope signature tags (PrESTs) as immunogens and affinity-ligands. The specificity of the generated affinity reagents, here called mono-specific antibodies (msAb), were validated with a novel protein microarray assay. The success rate for 464 antibodies generated towards human proteins was more than 90% as judged by the protein array assay. The antibodies were used for parallel profiling of patient biopsies using tissue microarrays generated from 48 human tissues. Comparative analysis with well-characterized monoclonal antibodies showed identical or similar specificity and expression patterns. The results suggest that a comprehensive atlas containing extensive protein expression and subcellular localization data of the human proteome can be generated in an efficient manner with mono-specific antibodies.
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43.
  • Pontén, Fredrik, et al. (författare)
  • A global view of protein expression in human cells, tissues, and organs
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Molecular Systems Biology. - : EMBO. - 1744-4292 .- 1744-4292. ; 5
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Defining the protein profiles of tissues and organs is critical to understanding the unique characteristics of the various cell types in the human body. In this study, we report on an anatomically comprehensive analysis of 4842 protein profiles in 48 human tissues and 45 human cell lines. A detailed analysis of over 2 million manually annotated, high-resolution, immunohistochemistry- based images showed a high fraction (>65%) of expressed proteins in most cells and tissues, with very few proteins (<2%) detected in any single cell type. Similarly, confocal microscopy in three human cell lines detected expression of more than 70% of the analyzed proteins. Despite this ubiquitous expression, hierarchical clustering analysis, based on global protein expression patterns, shows that the analyzed cells can be still subdivided into groups according to the current concepts of histology and cellular differentiation. This study suggests that tissue specificity is achieved by precise regulation of protein levels in space and time, and that different tissues in the body acquire their unique characteristics by controlling not which proteins are expressed but how much of each is produced. Molecular Systems Biology 5: 337; published online 22 December 2009; doi:10.1038/msb.2009.93
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44.
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46.
  • Singh, Sarbjeet, et al. (författare)
  • Self-maintenance techniques : a smart approach towards self-maintenance system
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Systems Assurance Engineering and Management. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0975-6809 .- 0976-4348. ; 5:1, s. 75-83
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The modern systems operating at varying conditions brought a new paradigm shift to in-machine renovation and repair. These systems often encounter an infinite collection of clumsy diagnostic tools and applications that decrease agility, increase time-to-repair, and increase management overheads. One approach is to remove the human and potential costly and time consuming human errors, from the diagnosis of faults and implementation of a maintenance strategy. In order to achieve this it is necessary to develop systems that support advanced intelligent maintenance systems or smart maintenance technologies. Self-maintenance machines can be a better option with the capabilities of condition monitoring, diagnosing, repair planning and executing in order to extend the life and performance of equipment. The objective of this paper is to discuss the concept of self-maintenance, need of self-maintenance, potential scenarios where self-maintenance can be successfully implemented and issues related to self-maintenance machines. It has been concluded that the aim is to have self-maintenance system in order to make a machine capable of reconfiguration, compensation, and self-maintenance.
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