| 1. |
- Blasche, Sonja, et al.
(författare)
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Metabolic cooperation and spatiotemporal niche partitioning in a kefir microbial community
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Microbiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2058-5276. ; 6:2, s. 196-208
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microbial communities often undergo intricate compositional changes yet also maintain stable coexistence of diverse species. The mechanisms underlying long-term coexistence remain unclear as system-wide studies have been largely limited to engineered communities, ex situ adapted cultures or synthetic assemblies. Here, we show how kefir, a natural milk-fermenting community of prokaryotes (predominantly lactic and acetic acid bacteria) and yeasts (family Saccharomycetaceae), realizes stable coexistence through spatiotemporal orchestration of species and metabolite dynamics. During milk fermentation, kefir grains (a polysaccharide matrix synthesized by kefir microorganisms) grow in mass but remain unchanged in composition. In contrast, the milk is colonized in a sequential manner in which early members open the niche for the followers by making available metabolites such as amino acids and lactate. Through metabolomics, transcriptomics and large-scale mapping of inter-species interactions, we show how microorganisms poorly suited for milk survive in—and even dominate—the community, through metabolic cooperation and uneven partitioning between grain and milk. Overall, our findings reveal how inter-species interactions partitioned in space and time lead to stable coexistence.
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| 2. |
- Haeuser, Roman, et al.
(författare)
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Bacteriophage Protein-Protein Interactions
- 2012
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Ingår i: Advances in virus research, vol 83. - : ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS. - 9780123944382 ; , s. 219-298
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bacteriophages T7, lambda, P22, and P2/P4 (from Escherichia coli), as well as phi 29 (from Bacillus subtilis), are among the best-studied bacterial viruses. This chapter summarizes published protein interaction data of intraviral protein interactions, as well as known phage-host protein interactions of these phages retrieved from the literature. We also review the published results of comprehensive protein interaction analyses of Pneumococcus phages Dp-1 and Cp-1, as well as coliphages lambda and T7. For example, the approximate to 55 proteins encoded by the T7 genome are connected by approximate to 43 interactions with another approximate to 15 between the phage and its host. The chapter compiles published interactions for the well-studied phages lambda (33 intra-phage/22 phage-host), P22 (38/9), P2/P4 (14/3), and phi 29 (20/2). We discuss whether different interaction patterns reflect different phage lifestyles or whether they may be artifacts of sampling. Phages that infect the same host can interact with different host target proteins, as exemplified by E. coli phage lambda and T7. Despite decades of intensive investigation, only a fraction of these phage interactomes are known. Technical limitations and a lack of depth in many studies explain the gaps in our knowledge. Strategies to complete current interactome maps are described. Although limited space precludes detailed overviews of phage molecular biology, this compilation will allow future studies to put interaction data into the context of phage biology.
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| 3. |
- Marcisauskas, Simonas, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Draft genome sequences of five fungal strains isolated from Kefir
- 2021
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Ingår i: Microbiology Resource Announcements. - 2576-098X. ; 10:21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the annotated draft genome sequences of five fungal strains isolated from kefir grains. These isolates included three ascomycetous (Candida californica, Kazachstania exigua, and Kazachstania unispora) and one basidiomycetous (Rhodotorula mucilaginosa) species. The results revealed a detailed overview of the metabolic features of kefir fungi that will be potentially useful in biotechnological applications.
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