| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Abboud, Amina, et al.
(författare)
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Årsbok 2018 : Socialhögskolan, Lunds universitet
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Socialhögskolans årsbok ger en liten inblick i vad vi gör och vi hoppas att den bidrar till att presentera utsnitt från vår verksamhet på ett trevligt och samlat sätt. Årsboken som är Socialhögskolans tredje uppmärksammar inte bara det som skett på Socialhögskolan under 2018. Den uppmärksammar även att 2018 var året då svensk äldreomsorg fyllde 100 år. Årsbokens gästredaktör Per Gunnar Edebalk inleder därför bokens forskningsavsnitt med att i år skriva om just hundraåringens historia. Det är inledningen på ett avsnitt där flera forskare vid Socialhögskolan bjuder på bidrag som lyfter fram aspekter av äldreomsorg och åldrande.Håkan Jönson och Tove Harnett resonerar om de begrepp som omgärdar äldreomsorgens möten och organisering sett i ett socialt arbetets perspektiv. De två har även skrivit en artikel om huruvida behov ska ses annorlunda mellan grupper bara för att man passerat en viss ålder.Däremellan presenteras en text av Erika Werner som låter oss möta frågor kring en sviken generation, här genom ett möte med Agnes, som hamnade mitt i skarven när pensionssystemet reformerades. Elisabeth Carlstedt presenterar en text om hur äldreomsorgens särskilda boenden arbetar i relation till Socialtjänstlagens direktiv om meningsfullhet och värdighet, och hur svårt det är. Lars Harrysson presenterar därefter ett avsnitt om två forskningsprojekt som han och Erika Werner gjort där fokus har legat dels på pensioner för personer i ekonomiskt utsatta grupper, speciellt med migrantbakgrund, dels om hur tro och äldreomsorg samspelar, eller inte. Äldreomsorgsavsnittet avslutas sedan med en intervju som Patrik Hekkala gjort med Peter Andersson som startade kursen socialt arbete med äldre och med Tove Harnett som tagit över och fortsatt utvecklingsarbetet till dags datum.Årsboken avslutas sedan med fyra texter. En av Amina Abboud, snart färdig socionom, som skriver om sina erfarenheter av och i uppsatsskrivandet. Sedan en där vi får möta Carina Olsson som arbetat hos oss länge, men som faktiskt arbetat vid universitetet i 40 år 2018. Emelie Dahlström, Joakim Grina och Jan Abrahamsson ger sedan en bakgrundsteckning till en hos Socialhögskolan verksam social accelerator, SoPact. Som avrundning finner du sedan lite mer information om vår verksamhet här vid Socialhögskolan.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Barabash, Stas, et al.
(författare)
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Towards low-cost Swedish planetary missions
- 2004
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- As a continuation of the Swedish tradition of designing small and high-quality spacecrafts such as Freja, Astrid, Munin, and SMART-1, Swedish scientists and engineers have proposed aggressive but feasible missions as the next national-level target: (1) an interplanetary plasma module (or subsatellite) Saga, and (2) a technology mission Prisma. The Saga micro-satellite contains a separation mechanism, technologically-challenging communication package, and plasma payload with an estimated total mass of 37kg to make the mission possible with a piggy-back launch or by attaching to another planetary mission. The Prisma mission consists of a semi-coordinated dual micro- and nano-satellites flying together in Earth orbit with state-of-art instruments to test. Both projects aim to develop and test new key spacecraft technologies.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Berglund, Helene, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Care planning at home: a way to increase the influence of older people?
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Integrated Care. - : Igitur, Utrecht Publishing & Archiving Services. - 1568-4156. ; 12:September
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Care-planning meetings represent a common method of needs assessment and decision-making practices in elderly care. Older people's influence is an important and required aspect of these practices. This study's objective was to describe and analyse older people's influence on care-planning meetings at home and in hospital. Methods: Ten care-planning meetings were audio-recorded in the older people's homes and nine were recorded in hospital. The study is part of a project including a comprehensive continuum-of-care model. A qualitative content analysis was performed. Results: Care-planning meetings at home appeared to enable older people's involvement in the discussions. Fewer people participated in the meetings at home and there was less parallel talking. Unrelated to the place of the care-planning meeting, the older people were able to influence concerns relating to the amount of care/service and the choice of provider. However, they were not able to influence the way the help should be provided or organised. Conclusion: Planning care at home indicated an increase in involvement on the part of the older people, but this does not appear to be enough to obtain any real influence. Our findings call for attention to be paid to older people's opportunities to receive care and services according to their individual needs and their potential for influencing their day-to-day provision of care and service.
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| 7. |
- Berglund, Helene, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Older people's views of quality of care: a randomised controlled study of continuum of care
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 22:19-20, s. 2934-2944
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims and objectives To analyse frail older peoples views of quality of care when receiving a comprehensive continuum of care intervention, compared with those of people receiving the usual care (control group). The intervention included early geriatric assessment, case management, interprofessional collaboration, support for relatives and organising of care-planning meetings in older peoples own homes. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanBackground Prior studies indicate that tailored/individualised care planning conducted by a case manager/coordinator often led to greater satisfaction with care planning among older people. However, there is no obvious evidence of any effects of continuum of care interventions on older peoples views of quality of care. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanDesign Randomised controlled study. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethods Items based on a validated questionnaire were used in face-to-face interviews to assess older peoples views of quality of care at three, six and 12months after baseline. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults Older people receiving a comprehensive continuum of care intervention perceived higher quality of care on items about care planning (p0005), compared with those receiving the usual care. In addition, they had increased knowledge of whom to contact about care/service, after three and 12months (pandlt;003). less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusions The study gives evidence of the advantages of a combination of components such as organising care-planning meetings in older peoples own homes, case management and interprofessional teamwork. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanRelevance to clinical practice The results have implications for policymakers, managers and professionals in the area of health and social care for older people to meet individual needs of frail older people.
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| 8. |
- Berglund, Helene, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Organizing integrated care for older persons: Strategies in Sweden during the past decade
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Health Organisation & Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1477-7266 .- 1758-7247. ; 29:1, s. 128-151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyse ways of organizing integrated care for older persons in Sweden during the past decade. Design/methodology/approach – The data consist of 62 cases of development work, described in official reports. A meta-analysis of cases was performed, including content analysis of each case. A theoretical framework comprising different forms of integration (co-ordination, contracting, co-operation and collaboration) was applied. Findings – Co-operation was common and collaboration, including multiprofessional teamwork, was rare in the cases. Contracting can be questioned as being a form of integration, and the introduction of consumer choice models appeared problematic in inter-organization integration. Goals stated in the cases concerned steering and designing care, rather than outcome specifications for older persons. Explicit goals to improve integration in itself could imply that the organizations adapt to strong normative expectations in society. Trends over the decade comprised development of local health care systems, introduction of consumer choice models and contracting out. Research limitations/implications – Most cases were projects, but others comprised evaluations of regular organization of integrated care. These evaluations were often written normatively, but constituted the conditions for practice and were important study contributions. Practical implications – Guiding clinical practice to be aware of importance of setting follow-up goals.
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| 9. |
- Björsell, Tove, et al.
(författare)
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Risk factors for impaired respiratory function post COVID-19 : A prospective cohort study of nonhospitalized and hospitalized patients
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 293:5, s. 600-614
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Severe COVID-19 increases the risk for long-term respiratory impairment, but data after mild COVID-19 are scarce. Our aims were to determine risk factors for reduced respiratory function 3-6 months after COVID-19 infection and to investigate if reduced respiratory function would relate to impairment of exercise performance and breathlessness.METHODS: Patients with COVID-19 were enrolled at the University Hospitals of Umeå and Örebro, and Karlstad Central Hospital, Sweden. Disease severity was defined as mild (nonhospitalized), moderate (hospitalized with or without oxygen treatment), and severe (intensive care). Spirometry, including diffusion capacity (DLCO ), was performed 3-6 months after hospital discharge or study enrollment (for nonhospitalized patients). Breathlessness (defined as ≥1 according to the modified Medical Research Council scale) and functional exercise capacity (1-min sit-to-stand test; 1-MSTST) were assessed.RESULTS: Between April 2020 and May 2021, 337 patients were enrolled in the study. Forced vital capacity and DLCO were significantly lower in patients with severe COVID-19. Among hospitalized patients, 20% had reduced DLCO , versus 4% in nonhospitalized. Breathlessness was found in 40.6% of the participants and was associated with impaired DLCO . A pathological desaturation or heart rate response was observed in 17% of participants during the 1-MSTST. However, this response was not associated with reduced DLCO .CONCLUSION: Reduced DLCO was the major respiratory impairment 3-6 months following COVID-19, with hospitalization as the most important risk factor. The lack of association between impaired DLCO and pathological physiological responses to exertion suggests that these physiological responses are not primarily related to decreased lung function.
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| 10. |
- Blomberg, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
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Barn och socialt arbete : Socialhögskolans årsbok 2019
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Årsboken ger en inblick i delar av den forskning kring socialt arbete med barn som sker vid Socialhögskolan. Den ger också en kort introduktion till verksamheten vid Socialhögskolan.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Blomberg, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
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Offentlig äldreomsorg som del i ett socialt medborgarskap
- 2003
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Ingår i: Socialvetenskaplig tidskrift. - 1104-1420. ; :4, s. 303-318
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drawing on T. H. Marshall, the notion of social citizenship is applied in this article to the development of public care for the elderly in Sweden. Initially a historical résumé clarifi es the change of elder care in Sweden as a move from a residual arrangement with its roots in the poor laws of the nineteenth century to become, during the 1960s and 1970s, an institutionalized public s ervice c ommonly u sed by e lderly citizens. It is shown, however, that during the 1990s features from the old model were recaptured through changes in the organization and practices of care delivery. The authors construct a model for making the term citizenship operational by the use of three dimensions regarding access, assessment and legitimacy. Leaning on empirical data (mostly interviews) from ongoing research in eight Swedish municipalities, it is shown that parallel to a formal strengthening of rights in elder care, the status of citizenship is weakened. This somewhat paradoxical conclusion is built around the necessity of distinguishing the formal status of social rights from the qualitative aspects of social citizenship.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Blomberg, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
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Socialpolitik och socialt arbete
- 2006
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Ingår i: Socialt arbete : en grundbok (2. uppl.). - 9127107620
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 20. |
- Blomberg, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
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Socialpolitik och socialt arbete
- 2016. - Tredje utgåvan
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Ingår i: Socialt arbete: En grundbok. - Stockholm : Natur och kultur. - 9789127141490 ; , s. 215-227
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Blomberg, Staffan
(författare)
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Specialiserad biståndshandläggning inom den kommunala äldreomsorgen : Genomförandet av en organisationsreform och dess praktik
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The 1990s was a period characterized by a strong pressure for reform in the Swedish municipalities. The care manager reform, i.e. the initiation of a position within the administration - the care manager - whose work tasks are concentrated around needs-assessment practices only, was one of many reform proposals. Within a fairly short time span a great number of municipalities decided to implement this new model for organizing the care of the elderly. A central research question in this thesis is how the rapid diffusion of this organizational idea could be explained. The diffusion of new ideas of organizing doesn’t come about automatically and doesn’t take place in a social vacuum. Reform proposals encounter different actors and local traditions, opinions and understandings of desirable goals and appropriate means. Eight Swedish municipalities were studied, and the thesis shows that there were differences among them concerning the arguments used when the reform was launched and implemented. A key to understand the impact of the reform is that it over time was ascribed more and new problem solving qualities. Among the early adopters the model was justified by ideological arguments, and the reform was seen as a necessary element in the privatization of the old age care services. The other municipalities in the study were not inclined to adopt the model in connection with marketization rhetoric; in fact, some of them opposed it on precisely these grounds. However, in a discourse about the need for greater rättssäkerhet – legal security in the sense of the individual’s rights in the face of law – the reform eventually became a solution to a new problem. The third discourse that paved the way for the care manager reform is connected with cost-efficiency. In this discourse the reform was associated with the control function of costs and a more restrictive needs-assessment practice. In the last phase of adoption, the reform had reached the status of a fashion prescribing the modern way of organizing old age care. The second part of the dissertation studies care management as occupational practice. The thesis shows that managers supported the reform with arguments echoing the different problem solving functions that had been ascribed to the model over time, but it also shows that support were tied to hopes for increased professionalization. However, the core domain of the care manager’s work – need-assessment – is contested by other occupational groups, e.g. medical professions. As the thesis shows there are signs that indicate that the power of the care managers to protect their new domains is uncertain. The empirical material consists of strategic interviews and documents. Interviews were held with the social actors involved in the implementation such as politicians, public servants at different positions in the local administration, union representatives and care managers. The documents were basically of two kinds; official public documents produced on a yearly basis in the local administration and internal documents produced in the old age care organizations, and secondly, documents referred to in the interviews, such as directives from supervisory authority, local evaluations and reports from consultants.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Blomberg, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
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The increasing importance of administrative practices in the shaping of of the welfare state
- 2010
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Ingår i: Social Work and Society. - : University of Duisburg-Essen. - 1613-8953. ; 8:1, s. 70-81
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article we analyse changes in the Swedish welfare state through the example of the municipal social care services for older persons. It is shown that one can trace a transformation to three different processes (layers) of change. When looked upon as complementary phenomena they show why and how administrative practices have become the dominant locus in the re-shaping of the welfare state. The incorporation of managerialism as the prevailing mode for delivering the services and organizing social policy leads to the main conclusion, that we are witnessing the move away from a moral/political to an administrative welfare regime. In the ending paragraph, we argue that this move weakens social citizenship and transfers values and principles in social policy to the administrative sphere. We further argue that this focus has some broader implications in characterizing and analyzing cross-national differences as to welfare regimes.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Blomberg, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
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The withdrawal of the welfare state: elderly care in Sweden in the 1990s
- 2000
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Ingår i: European Journal of Social Work. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1369-1457 .- 1468-2664. ; 3:2, s. 151-163
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Sweden, clear changes in the care of the elderly have occurred during the 1990s, with fewer people being provided public care, although greater efforts are now directed towards those most in need of help. Elderly people are cared for increasingly in other ways: by the family, by means of market-provided care, and by voluntary and informal means. Differences between municipalities are considerable. A comparative study was conducted in eight Swedish municipalities, four of them characterized by extensive reorganization of home-help services, and the other four constituting a reference group where such changes had not occurred. The aim was to examine processes of setting local priorities and adjustments in a period of marked structural change. Interviews with local politicians, administrators, professionals, and union representatives, and with the elderly themselves, were the main sources of data. The process of determining the extent and content of home care services in the municipalities was found to be a complex process, one involving a number of partly interdependent factors. Restructuring was found to be greatest in the context of a traditionally strong reliance on home-help services, rather than in the context of institutionalized care, where administrative decision-making and a medical and rehabilitative perspective dominated.
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| 28. |
- Blomberg, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
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Äldreomsorgens omvandling
- 2010
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Ingår i: Omsorg och mångfald. - 9789140668288 ; , s. 143-159
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 29. |
- Danielsson, Axel, et al.
(författare)
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Transmission of hepatitis C virus among intravenous drug users in the Uppsala region of Sweden
- 2014
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Ingår i: Infection Ecology & Epidemiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-8686. ; 4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Epidemiology and transmission patterns of hepatitis C virus (HCV) are important subjects as we enter a new era of treatment with directly acting antivirals (DAAs). The highest prevalence of HCV in developed countries is found among intravenous drug users (IDUs), where unsafe needle sharing practices provide the main route of infection. Efforts to prohibit the continuous spread of HCV among these groups have been initiated by the community services and health care providers. Our goal was to understand how HCV was transmitted among IDUs within a limited population group. We provide a retrospective study (2005-2007) of the HCV transmission patterns in a population of IDUs in the Uppsala region of Sweden.METHOD: Eighty-two serum samples were collected from IDUs in Uppsala County. Our reverse transcription nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-nested PCR) and sequencing method enabled a comprehensive genetic analysis for a broad spectrum of genotypes of two relatively conserved regions, NS5B and NS3, that encodes for the viral polymerase and protease, respectively. HCV RNA in serum samples was amplified and sequenced with in-house primers. Sequence similarities between individuals and subgroups were analyzed with maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic trees. Published HCV reference sequences from other geographic regions and countries were also included for clarity.RESULTS: Phylogenetic analysis was possible for 59 NS5B (72%) and 29 NS3 (35%) sequences from Uppsala patients. Additionally, we also included 15 NS3 sequences from Örebro patients, making a total of 44 NS3 sequences for the analysis. By analyzing the NS3 sequences, two transmission sets were found between the IDUs (>98% sequence identity), with one set consisting of two individuals and another set consisting of three individuals. In addition, the phylogenetic analysis done with our serum samples displayed clusters that distinguished them from the reference sequences.CONCLUSION: Our method seems to enable us to trace the HCV transmission between IDUs. Furthermore, the method is fairly independent of the time of infection because the method uses relatively conserved HCV sequence regions (i.e. NS5B and NS3).
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| 30. |
- Dunér, Anna, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Implementing a continuum of care model for older people - results from a Swedish case study
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Integrated Care. - : Ubiquity Press, Ltd.. - 1568-4156. ; 11:October-December
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: There is a need for integrated care and smooth collaboration between care-providing organisations and professions to create a continuum of care for frail older people. However, collaboration between organisations and professions is often problematic. The aim of this study was to examine the process of implementing a new continuum of care model in a complex organisational context, and illuminate some of the challenges involved. The introduced model strived to connect three organisations responsible for delivering health and social care to older people: the regional hospital, primary health care and municipal eldercare. Methods: The actions of the actors involved in the process of implementing the model were understood to be shaped by the actors' understanding, commitment and ability. This article is based on 44 qualitative interviews performed on four occasions with 26 key actors at three organisational levels within these three organisations. Results and conclusions: The results point to the importance of paying regard to the different cultures of the organisations when implementing a new model. The role of upper management emerged as very important. Furthermore, to be accepted, the model has to be experienced as effectively dealing with real problems in the everyday practice of the actors in the organisations, from the bottom to the top.
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| 31. |
- Elmér, Åke, et al.
(författare)
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Svensk socialpolitik
- 2000
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den klassiska handboken Svensk socialpolitik föreligger nu i sin tjugonde upplaga. Den första upplagan utkom redan 1943. Sedan dess har den svenska socialpolitiken fått ett helt nytt ansikte och ännu under 1990-talet har stora förändringar genomförts. På flera områden har det blivit nyordningar och ibland har förmåner minskats och senare ökats på nytt. Ambitionen för denna upplaga har varit att avspegla de aktuella förhållandena år 2000 och vad som är känt om de närmast kommande åren, bl.a. den nya ålderspensioneringen. Boken är avsedd för undervisningen i socialpolitik, i första hand inriktad på socionomutbildningen och andra utbildningar för sociala yrken och i samhällsvetenskapliga ämnen. Den är också av intresse för personal och förtroendevalda på det sociala fältet och för en socialpolitiskt intresserad allmänhet. Tjugonde upplagan
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Ferraris, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Chemical, mechanical and antibacterial properties of silver nanocluster/silica composite coated textiles for safety systems and aerospace applications
- 2014
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Ingår i: Applied Surface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-4332 .- 1873-5584. ; 317, s. 131-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work describes the chemical, mechanical and antibacterial properties of a novel silver nanocluster/silica composite coating, obtained by sputtering, on textiles for use in nuclear bacteriological and chemical (NBC) protection suites and for aerospace applications.The properties of the coated textiles were analyzed in terms of surface morphology, silver concentration and silver release in artificial sweat and synthetic tap water, respectively. No release of silver nanoparticles was observed at given conditions.The water repellency, permeability, flammability and mechanical resistance of the textiles before and after sputtering demonstrated that the textile properties were not negatively affected by the coating.The antibacterial effect was evaluated at different experimental conditions using a standard bacterial strain of Staphylococcus aureus and compared with the behavior of uncoated textiles.The coating process conferred all textiles a good antibacterial activity. Optimal deposition conditions were elaborated to obtain sufficient antibacterial action without altering the aesthetical appearance of the textiles.The antibacterial coating retained its antibacterial activity after one cycle in a washing machine only for the Nylon based textile.
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| 34. |
- Ghorbani, Ramin, 1981-
(författare)
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Real-time breath gas analysis of carbon monoxide : laser-based detection and pulmonary gas exchange modeling
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Breath gas analysis is a promising approach for non-invasive medical diagnostics and physiological monitoring. Real-time, breath-cycle resolved biomarker detection facilitates data interpretation and has the potential to improve the diagnostic value of breath tests as exhalation profiles carry spatiotemporal information about biomarker origin and gas exchange in the respiratory tract. This thesis presents and scrutinizes a novel methodology for the analysis of real-time breath data, where single-exhalation profiles are simulated using a pulmonary gas exchange model and least-squares fitted to measured expirograms to extract airway and alveolar contributions and diffusing capacities. The methodology is demonstrated on exhaled breath carbon monoxide (eCO), a candidate biomarker for oxidative stress and respiratory diseases. The thesis mainly covers (1) the construction of a compact optical sensor based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) in the mid-infrared region (4.7 μm) for selective and precise real-time detection of CO in breath and ambient air (detection limit 9 ± 5 ppb at 0.1 s), (2) the design of an advanced online breath sampling system, (3) the implementation of a trumpet model with axial diffusion (TMAD) to simulate the CO gas exchange, and (4) the application of extended eCO analysis in clinical studies to establish the healthy non-smoker baseline of the eCO parameters and to study the response to CO and wood smoke exposure. It is shown that the TMAD adequately describes the gas exchange during systemic CO elimination for different breathing patterns, and that there is no difference between eCO parameters from mouth- and nose exhalations. Expirogram shape and eCO parameters exhibit a dependence on the exhalation flow rate, but for a given breathing maneuverer, the parameters lie in a narrow range. Airway CO is close to and correlates with ambient air CO, indicating negligible airway production in the healthy population. The alveolar diffusing capacity is independent of endogenous CO, even after exposure to elevated exogenous CO, and could be used to assess lung diffusion abnormalities. Compared to CO exposure, no clear additional effect of exposure to wood smoke particles on eCO is observed. The discrimination between endogenous and exogenous CO sources remains a challenge.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Hasson, Henna, et al.
(författare)
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Fidelity and moderating factors in complex interventions: A case study of a continuum of care program for frail elderly people in health and social care
- 2012
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Ingår i: Implementation Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1748-5908. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Background: Prior studies measuring fidelity of complex interventions have mainly evaluated adherence, and not taken factors affecting adherence into consideration. A need for studies that clarify the concept of fidelity and the function of factors moderating fidelity has been emphasized. The aim of the study was to systematically evaluate implementation fidelity and possible factors influencing fidelity of a complex care continuum intervention for frail elderly people. Methods: The intervention was a systematization of the collaboration between a nurse with geriatric expertise situated at the emergency department, the hospital ward staff, and a multi-professional team with a case manager in the municipal care services for older people. Implementation was evaluated between September 2008 and May 2010 with observations of work practices, stakeholder interviews, and document analysis according to a modified version of The Conceptual Framework for Implementation Fidelity. Results: A total of 16 of the 18 intervention components were to a great extent delivered as planned, while some new components were added to the model. No changes in the frequency or duration of the 18 components were observed, but the dose of the added components varied over time. Changes in fidelity were caused in a complex, interrelated fashion by all the moderating factors in the framework, i.e., context, staff and participant responsiveness, facilitation, recruitment, and complexity. Discussion: The Conceptual Framework for Implementation Fidelity was empirically useful and included comprehensive measures of factors affecting fidelity. Future studies should focus on developing the framework with regard to how to investigate relationships between the moderating factors and fidelity over time. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01260493.
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| 37. |
- Hasson, Henna, et al.
(författare)
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Significance of scientific evidence in organizing care processes
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Health Organisation & Management. - 1477-7266 .- 1758-7247. ; 30:4, s. 597-612
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze how staff and managers in health and social care organizations use scientific evidence when making decisions about the organization of care practices. Design/methodology/approach – Document analysis and repeated interviews (2008-2010) with staff (n=39) and managers (n=26) in health and social care organizations. The respondents were involved in a randomized controlled study about testing a continuum of care model for older people. Findings – Scientific evidence had no practical function in the social care organization, while it was a prioritized source of information in the health care organization. This meant that the decision making regarding care practices was different in these organizations. Social care tended to rely on ad hoc practice-based information and political decisions when organizing care, while health care to some extent also relied in an unreflected manner on the scientific knowledge. Originality/value – The study illustrates several difficulties that might occur when managers and staff try to consider scientific evidence when making complicated decisions about care practices.
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| 38. |
- Jungebluth, Philipp, et al.
(författare)
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Tracheobronchial transplantation with a stem-cell-seeded bioartificial nanocomposite : a proof-of-concept study
- 2011
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Ingår i: The Lancet. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 378:9808, s. 1997-2004
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Tracheal tumours can be surgically resected but most are an inoperable size at the time of diagnosis; therefore, new therapeutic options are needed. We report the clinical transplantation of the tracheobronchial airway with a stem-cell-seeded bioartificial nanocomposite. Methods A 36-year-old male patient, previously treated with debulking surgery and radiation therapy, presented with recurrent primary cancer of the distal trachea and main bronchi. After complete tumour resection, the airway was replaced with a tailored bioartificial nanocomposite previously seeded with autologous bone-marrow mononuclear cells via a bioreactor for 36 h. Postoperative granulocyte colony-stimulating factor filgrastim (10 mu g/kg) and epoetin beta (40 000 UI) were given over 14 days. We undertook flow cytometry, scanning electron microscopy, confocal microscopy epigenetics, multiplex, miRNA, and gene expression analyses. Findings We noted an extracellular matrix-like coating and proliferating cells including a CD105+ subpopulation in the scaffold after the reseeding and bioreactor process. There were no major complications, and the patient was asymptomatic and tumour free 5 months after trans plantation. The bioartificial nanocomposite has patent anastomoses, lined with a vascularised neomucosa, and was partly covered by nearly healthy epithelium. Post-operatively, we detected a mobilisation of peripheral cells displaying increased mesenchymal stromal cell phenotype, and upregulation of epoetin receptors, antiapoptotic genes, and miR-34 and miR-449 biomarkers. These findings, together with increased levels of regenerative-associated plasma factors, strongly suggest stem-cell homing and cell-mediated wound repair, extracellular matrix remodelling, and neovascularisation of the graft. Interpretation Tailor-made bioartificial scaffolds can be used to replace complex airway defects. The bioreactor reseeding process and pharmacological-induced site-specific and graft-specific regeneration and tissue protection are key factors for successful clinical outcome.
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| 39. |
- Järkestig Berggren, Ulrika, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Traits of a representative welfare state : the Swedish example
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Social Welfare. - Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd. - 1369-6866 .- 1468-2397. ; 19:4, s. 402-411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The care manager reform and the case manager reform are new reforms in the social care services in Sweden, which are evolving during the 2000s. Together they shape the social care services introducing a new way of decision-making where representatives for the organisation (care manager) and the users (case manager) negotiate. The reforms have been analysed in two studies with results presented in this article. Using the concepts of role, orientation, function and assignments, it is argued that the managers come to the negotiations on rights from different positions that are both conflicting and complementary. They further mediate the development towards a welfare mix, where the market, social networks and users interact to obtain the public welfare provision. Through this negotiated rights model, it is argued that traits of a representative welfare state emerge, with the distinction of moving the focus to the administrative practices and their differences away from political ideologies.
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| 46. |
- Petersson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Socialpolitik och socialt arbete
- 2000
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Ingår i: Socialt arbete. - Stockholm : Natur och kultur. - 9127075850
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 47. |
- Petersson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Svensk socialpolitik
- 1998
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Petersson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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The transition of welfare state commitment : understanding the dynamics of contraction in state welfare
- 2001
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Ingår i: Working paper-serien. - 9189604075 ; 2001:3
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the 1990s a contraction in state welfare in Sweden has been on its way and still seems to be so by joining forces. With focus on understanding the dynamics involved in the contractionprocess this paper aims to discuss the transition of welfare state commitment in Sweden. On the general level it should be seen as an attempt to adress the enigmatic and puzzeling questions of: How to explain change in social policy? How to understand local differences in the scope and directions of welfare programs? Over the 1990s we have been witnessing a more sceptical attitude towards the provision of state welfare. It has been argued that state welfare surpresses free choice and that budget deficits and tax burdens have become obstacles to extensive public committments. Closely linked to this (neo-liberal) thinking is the incentive-driven approach to the problems of public welfare, grounded in neo-classical economic theory. Focusing on individual behavior in terms of scrounging, dependancy, lack of responsibility and praise of market-solutions, the new discourse has replaced the traditional socialdemocratic rethorics of autonomy, redistribution and equality. The effect of this new focus is seen both in the general shifts of policy and in research. However, in this paper we will take on another aspect of the transition of welfare state commitment. The contraction process and the understanding of its dynamics, will lead on to the arena of local priorities and adjustments. The empirical data referred to are primarely data from ongoing research of local and organizational processes of adjustment and priority setting in the area of elderly care in Sweden in the 1990s (Blomberg, Edebalk och Petersson 2000). Basically it is a comparative study of a strategic selection of eight Swedish municipalities. Four of them characterized by extensive reorganization i.e. change in user patterns of home help services and the other four, constituting a reference group, without such changes. The approach is largely retrospective, concerning the years 1992-2000. Interviews with local politicians, administrators, professionals and representatives of the unions and of the elderly were the main sources of data.
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