| 1. |
- Crous, P. W., et al.
(författare)
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Fungal Planet description sheets: 1182-1283
- 2021
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Ingår i: Persoonia. - : Naturalis Biodiversity Center. - 0031-5850. ; 46, s. 313-528
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Algeria, Phaeoacremonium adelophialidum from Vitis vinifera. Antarctica, Comoclathris antarctica from soil. Australia, Coniochaeta salicifolia as endophyte from healthy leaves of Geijera salicifolia, Eremothecium peggii in fruit of Citrus australis, Microdochium ratticaudae from stem of Sporobolus natalensis, Neocelosporium corymbiae on stems of Corymbia variegata, Phytophthora kelmanii from rhizosphere soil of Ptilotus pyramidatus, Pseudosydowia backhousiae on living leaves of Backhousia citriodora, Pseudosydowia indooroopillyensis, Pseudosydowia louisecottisiae and Pseudosydowia queenslandica on living leaves of Eucalyptus sp. Brazil, Absidia montepascoalis from soil. Chile, Ilyonectria zarorii from soil under Maytenus boaria. Costa Rica, Colletotrichum filicis from an unidentified fern. Croatia, Mollisia endogranulata on deteriorated hardwood. Czech Republic, Arcopilus navicularis from tea bag with fruit tea, Neosetophoma buxi as endophyte from Buxus sempervirens, Xerochrysium bohemicum on surface of biscuits with chocolate glaze and filled with jam. France, Entoloma cyaneobasale on basic to calcareous soil, Fusarium aconidiale from Triticum aestivum, Fusarium juglandicola from buds of Juglans regia. Germany, Tetraploa endophytica as endophyte from Microthlaspi perfoliatum roots. India, Castanediella ambae on leaves of Mangifera indica, Lactifluus kanadii on soil under Castanopsis sp., Penicillium uttarakhandense from soil. Italy, Penicillium ferraniaense from compost. Namibia, Bezerromyces gobabebensis on leaves of unidentified succulent, Cladosporium stipagrostidicola on leaves of Stipagrostis sp., Cymostachys euphorbiae on leaves of Euphorbia sp., Deniquelata hypolithi from hypolith under a rock, Hysterobrevium walvisbayicola on leaves of unidentified tree, Knufia hypolithi and Knufia walvisbayicola from hypolith under a rock, Lapidomyces stipagrostidicola on leaves of Stipagrostis sp., Nothophaeotheca mirabibensis (incl. Nothophaeotheca gen. nov.) on persistent inflorescence remains of Blepharis obmitrata, Paramyrothecium salvadorae on twigs of Salvadora persica, Preussia procaviicola on dung of Procavia sp., Sordaria equicola on zebra dung, Volutella salvadorae on stems of Salvadora persica. Netherlands, Entoloma ammophilum on sandy soil, Entoloma pseudocruentatum on nutrient poor (acid) soil, Entoloma pudens on plant debris, amongst grasses. New Zealand, Amorocoelophoma neoregeliae from leaf spots of Neoregelia sp., Aquilomyces metrosideri and Septoriella callistemonis from stem discolouration and leaf spots of Metrosideros sp., Cadophora neoregeliae from leaf spots of Neoregelia sp., Flexuomyces asteliae (incl. Flexuomyces gen. nov.) and Mollisia asteliae from leaf spots of Astelia chathamica, Ophioceras freycinetiae from leaf spots of Freycinetia banksii, Phaeosphaeria caricis-sectae from leaf spots of Carex secta. Norway, Cuphophyllus flavipesoides on soil in semi-natural grassland, Entoloma coracis on soil in calcareous Pinus and Tilia forests, Entoloma cyaneolilacinum on soil semi-natural grasslands, Inocybe norvegica on gravelly soil. Pakistan, Butyriboletus parachinarensis on soil in association with Quercus baloot. Poland, Hyalodendriella bialowiezensis on debris beneath fallen bark of Norway spruce Picea abies. Russia, Bolbitius sibiricus on. moss covered rotting trunk of Populus tremula, Crepidotus wasseri on debris of Populus tremula, Entoloma isborscanum on soil on calcareous grasslands, Entoloma subcoracis on soil in subalpine grasslands, Hydropus lecythiocystis on rotted wood of Betula pendula, Meruliopsis faginea on fallen dead branches of Fagus orientalis, Metschnikowia taurica from fruits of Ziziphus jujube, Suillus praetermissus on soil, Teunia lichenophila as endophyte from Cladonia rangiferina. Slovakia, Hygrocybe fulgens on mowed grassland, Pleuroflammula pannonica from corticated branches of Quercus sp. South Africa, Acrodontium burrowsianum on leaves of unidentified Poaceae, Castanediella senegaliae on dead pods of Senegalia ataxacantha, Cladophialophora behniae on leaves of Behnia sp., Colletotrichum cliviigenum on leaves of Clivia sp., Diatrype dalbergiae on bark of Dalbergia armata, Falcocladium heteropyxidicola on leaves of Heteropyxis canescens, Lapidomyces aloidendricola as epiphyte on brown stem of Aloidendron dichotomum, Lasionectria sansevieriae and Phaeosphaeriopsis sansevieriae on leaves of Sansevieria hyacinthoides, Lylea dalbergiae on Diatrype dalbergiae on bark of Dalbergia armata, Neochaetothyrina syzygii (incl. Neochaetothyrina gen. nov.) on leaves of Syzygium chordatum, Nothophaeomoniella ekebergiae (incl. Nothophaeomoniella gen. nov.) on leaves of Ekebergia pterophylla, Paracymostachys euphorbiae (incl. Paracymostachys gen. nov.) on leaf litter of Euphorbia ingens, Paramycosphaerella pterocarpi on leaves of Pterocarpus angolensis, Paramycosphaerella syzygii on leaf litter of Syzygium chordatum, Parateichospora phoenicicola (incl. Parateichospora gen. nov.) on leaves of Phoenix reclinata, Seiridium syzygii on twigs of Syzygium chordatum, Setophoma syzygii on leaves of Syzygium sp., Starmerella xylocopis from larval feed of an Afrotropical bee Xylocopa caffra, Teratosphaeria combreti on leaf litter of Combretum kraussii, Teratosphaericola leucadendri on leaves of Leucadendron sp., Toxicocladosporium pterocarpi on pods of Pterocarpus angolensis. Spain, Cortinarius bonachei with Quercus ilex in calcareus soils, Cortinarius brunneovolvatus under Quercus ilex subsp. ballota in calcareous soil, Extremopsis radicicola (incl. Extremopsis gen. nov.) from root-associated soil in a wet heathland, Russula quintanensis on acidic soils, Tubaria vulcanica on volcanic lapilii material, Tuber zambonelliae in calcareus soil. Sweden, Elaphomyces borealis on soil under Pinus sylvestris and Betula pubescens. Tanzania, Curvularia tanzanica on inflorescence of Cyperus aromaticus. Thailand, Simplicillium niveum on Ophiocordyceps camponoti-leonardi on underside of unidentified dicotyledonous leaf. USA, Calonectria californiensis on leaves of Umbellularia californica, Exophiala spartinae from surface sterilised roots of Spartina alterniflora, Neophaeococcomyces oklahomaensis from outside wall of alcohol distillery. Vietnam, Fistulinella aurantioflava on soil. Morphological and culture characteristics are supported by DNA barcodes.
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| 2. |
- Shupe, M. D., et al.
(författare)
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Overview of the MOSAiC expedition : Atmosphere
- 2022
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Ingår i: Elementa. - : University of California Press. - 2325-1026. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the Arctic rapidly changing, the needs to observe, understand, and model the changes are essential. To support these needs, an annual cycle of observations of atmospheric properties, processes, and interactions were made while drifting with the sea ice across the central Arctic during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition from October 2019 to September 2020. An international team designed and implemented the comprehensive program to document and characterize all aspects of the Arctic atmospheric system in unprecedented detail, using a variety of approaches, and across multiple scales. These measurements were coordinated with other observational teams to explore crosscutting and coupled interactions with the Arctic Ocean, sea ice, and ecosystem through a variety of physical and biogeochemical processes. This overview outlines the breadth and complexity of the atmospheric research program, which was organized into 4 subgroups: atmospheric state, clouds and precipitation, gases and aerosols, and energy budgets. Atmospheric variability over the annual cycle revealed important influences from a persistent large-scale winter circulation pattern, leading to some storms with pressure and winds that were outside the interquartile range of past conditions suggested by long-term reanalysis. Similarly, the MOSAiC location was warmer and wetter in summer than the reanalysis climatology, in part due to its close proximity to the sea ice edge. The comprehensiveness of the observational program for characterizing and analyzing atmospheric phenomena is demonstrated via a winter case study examining air mass transitions and a summer case study examining vertical atmospheric evolution. Overall, the MOSAiC atmospheric program successfully met its objectives and was the most comprehensive atmospheric measurement program to date conducted over the Arctic sea ice. The obtained data will support a broad range of coupled-system scientific research and provide an important foundation for advancing multiscale modeling capabilities in the Arctic.
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| 3. |
- Kadir, Ahmadul, et al.
(författare)
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PET imaging of the in vivo brain acetylcholinesterase activity and nicotine binding in galantamine-treated patients with AD
- 2008
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Ingår i: Neurobiology of Aging. - : Elsevier BV. - 0197-4580 .- 1558-1497. ; 29:8, s. 1204-1217
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of galantamine treatment on cortical acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and nicotinic receptor binding was investigated by positron emission tomography (PET) in 18 patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) in relation to galantamine concentration and the patients’ cognitive performances. The first 3 months of the study was of a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled design, during which 12 patients received galantamine (16–24 mg/day) and 6 patients the placebo, and this was followed by 9 months’ galantamine treatment in all patients. The patients underwent PET examinations to measure cortical AChE activity (11C-PMP) and 11C-nicotine binding. Neuropsychological tests were performed throughout the study. Inhibition (30–40%) of cortical AChE activity was observed after 3 weeks to 12 months of galantamine treatment. No significant change in mean cortical 11C-nicotine binding was observed during the study. 11C-Nicotine binding, however, positively correlated with plasma galantamine concentration. Both the changes of AChE activity and 11C-nicotine binding correlated positively with the results of a cognitive test of attention. In conclusion, galantamine caused sustained AChE inhibition for up to 12 months. At the individual level, the in vivo cortical AChE inhibition and 11C-nicotine binding were associated with changes in the attention domain of cognition rather than episodic memory.
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| 4. |
- Benavent, N., et al.
(författare)
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Substantial contribution of iodine to Arctic ozone destruction
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Geoscience. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1752-0894 .- 1752-0908. ; 15, s. 770-773
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Unlike bromine, the effect of iodine chemistry on the Arctic surface ozone budget is poorly constrained. We present ship-based measurements of halogen oxides in the high Arctic boundary layer from the sunlit period of March to October 2020 and show that iodine enhances springtime tropospheric ozone depletion. We find that chemical reactions between iodine and ozone are the second highest contributor to ozone loss over the study period, after ozone photolysis-initiated loss and ahead of bromine.
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| 5. |
- Blomquist, B. W., et al.
(författare)
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Wind Speed and Sea State Dependencies of Air-Sea Gas Transfer : Results From the High Wind Speed Gas Exchange Study (HiWinGS)
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans. - 2169-9275 .- 2169-9291. ; 122:10, s. 8034-8062
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A variety of physical mechanisms are jointly responsible for facilitating air-sea gas transfer through turbulent processes at the atmosphere-ocean interface. The nature and relative importance of these mechanisms evolves with increasing wind speed. Theoretical and modeling approaches are advancing, but the limited quantity of observational data at high wind speeds hinders the assessment of these efforts. The HiWinGS project successfully measured gas transfer coefficients (k(660)) with coincident wave statistics under conditions with hourly mean wind speeds up to 24 m s(-1) and significant wave heights to 8 m. Measurements of k(660) for carbon dioxide (CO2) and dimethylsulfide (DMS) show an increasing trend with respect to 10 m neutral wind speed (U-10N), following a power law relationship of the form: k660CO2 approximate to U10N1.68 and k660dms approximate to U10N1.33. Among seven high wind speed events, CO2 transfer responded to the intensity of wave breaking, which depended on both wind speed and sea state in a complex manner, with k660CO2 increasing as the wind sea approaches full development. A similar response is not observed for DMS. These results confirm the importance of breaking waves and bubble injection mechanisms in facilitating CO2 transfer. A modified version of the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment Gas transfer algorithm (COAREG ver. 3.5), incorporating a sea state-dependent calculation of bubble-mediated transfer, successfully reproduces the mean trend in observed k(660) with wind speed for both gases. Significant suppression of gas transfer by large waves was not observed during HiWinGS, in contrast to results from two prior field programs.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Darreh-Shori, T., et al.
(författare)
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Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase in CSF versus brain assessed by 11C-PMP PET in AD patients treated with galantamine
- 2008
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Ingår i: Neurobiology of Aging. - : Elsevier BV. - 0197-4580 .- 1558-1497. ; 29:2, s. 168-184
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relationship between acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the CSF and brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) was investigated in 18 mild AD patients following galantamine treatment. The first 3 months of the study had a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled design, during which 12 patients received galantamine (16-24 mg/day) and six patients placebo. This was followed by 9 months Galantamine treatment in all patients. Activities and protein levels of both the "read-through" AChE (AChE-R) and the synaptic (AChE-S) variants in CSF were assessed in parallel together with the regional brain AChE activity by C-11-PMP and PET. The AChE-S inhibition was 30-36% in CSF, which correlated well with the in vivo AChE inhibition in the brain. No significant AChE inhibition was observed in the placebo group. The increased level of the AChE-R protein was 16% higher than that of AChE-S. Both the AChE inhibition and the increased level of AChE-R protein positively correlated with the patient's performance in cognitive tests associated with visuospatial ability and attention. In conclusion, AChE levels in CSF closely mirror in vivo brain AChE levels prior to and after treatment with the cholinesterase inhibitors. A positive cognitive response seems to dependent on the AChE inhibition level, which is balanced by an increased protein level of the AChE-R variant in the patients.
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| 10. |
- Glimelius, B., et al.
(författare)
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Number of patients potentially eligible for proton therapy
- 2005
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Ingår i: Acta Oncol. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 44:8, s. 836-49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A group of Swedish radiation oncologists and hospital physicists have estimated the number of patients in Sweden suitable for proton beam therapy in a facility where one of the principal aims is to facilitate randomized and other studies in which the advantage of protons can be shown and the magnitude of the differences compared with optimally administered conventional radiation treatment, also including intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and brachytherapy, can be shown. The estimations have been based on current statistics of tumour incidence in Sweden, number of patients potentially eligible for radiation treatment, scientific support from clinical trials and model dose planning studies and knowledge of the dose-response relations of different tumours together with information on normal tissue complication rates. In Sweden, it is assessed that between 2200 and 2500 patients annually are eligible for proton beam therapy, and that for these patients the potential therapeutic benefit is so great as to justify the additional expense of proton therapy. This constitutes between 14-15% of all irradiated patients annually.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Blomquist, Göran K., et al.
(författare)
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Separation of fungal propagules by partition in aqueous polymer 2-phase systems
- 1984
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Ingår i: Applied and Environmental Microbiology. - 0099-2240. ; 47:6, s. 1316-1318
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conidia of Penicillium chrysogenum and Penicillium frequentans and sporangiospores of Rhizopus rhizopodiformis, Rhizomucor pusillus, and Mucor racemosus were subjected to partition in aqueous polymer two-phase systems. The partition behavior differed drastically between the conidia of the two Penicillium species and the sporangiospores of the three species of phycomycetes. This difference in partition behavior can be used for purification of fungi belonging to different taxonomical groups. P. frequentans was completely separated from M. racemosus by two extractions, whereas four extractions were needed to purify M. racemosus. This method was used on an air sample from a locality where wood fuel chips are handled. The conidia of the fungi Trichoderma viride and Rhizopus rhizopodiformis were removed completely by only two extractions.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Blomquist, M, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison between a conventional treatment energy and 50 MV photons for the treatment of lung tumours
- 2002
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Ingår i: Physics in Medicine and Biology. - 0031-9155 .- 1361-6560. ; 47:6, s. 889-897
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Radiation therapy in the thoracic region is difficult due to the presence of many dose-limiting structures and the large density differences that affect the dose distribution. Conventional irradiation techniques use low-energy photon beams to avoid build-up effects superficially in the tumour and increased lateral scattering of the beams. For deep-seated tumours higher beam energies could have lung-sparing properties that would enable dose escalation. A comparison was made for a conventional low photon energy (6 MV) and 50 MV photons for the treatment of a lung tumour. A representative patient geometry was selected, consisting of a small tumour semi-enclosed in lung tissue. Treatment plans were designed using a commercial 3D-pencil beam treatment planning system. The treatment beams designed in the TPS were simulated with the Monte Carlo code EGS4/BEAM and the dose distribution in the phantom created from the patients CT-data was calculated using MCDOSE with identical beam geometry for both energies. The intrinsic difference between the two photon energies implies a sparing effect of lung that can be utilized for dose escalation. For a treatment with two beams the mean total dose to the tumour could be increased by 5.3% for 50 MV, corresponding to 3.2 Gy for a prescription dose of 60 Gy, with the same complication probability for the treated lung as for 6 MV. In conclusion, high-energy beams have qualities that can be taken advantage of for irradiation of lung tumours. Optimum solutions would probably require the use of both high- and low-energy beams.
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| 19. |
- Blomquist, M, et al.
(författare)
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Multileaf collimation of electrons-clinical effects on electron energy modulation and mixed beam therapy depending on treatment head design
- 2002
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Ingår i: Physics in Medicine and Biology. - 0031-9155 .- 1361-6560. ; 47:7, s. 1013-1024
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim Of this Study was to explore the possibilities of using multileaf-collimated electron beams for advanced radiation therapy with conventional scattering foil flattened beams. Monte Carlo simulations were performed with the aim to improve electron beam characteristics and enable isocentric multileaf collimation. The scattering foil positions, monitor chamber thickness, the MLC location and the amount of He in the treatment head were optimized for three common commercial accelerators. The performance of the three optimized treatment head designs was compared for different SSDs in air. at treatment depth in water and for some clinical cases. The effects of electron/photon beam matching including generalized random and static errors using Gaussian one-dimensional (1D) error distributions, and also electron energy modulation, were studied at treatment depth in beater, The modification of the treatment heads improved the electron beam characteristics and enabled the use of multileaf collimation in isocentric delivery of both electron and photon beams in a mixed beam IMRT procedure.
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| 20. |
- Blomquist, M, et al.
(författare)
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Scanned intensity modulations for 50 MV photons
- 1998
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Ingår i: Physics in Medicine and Biology. - 0031-9155 .- 1361-6560. ; 43:5, s. 1185-1197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optimization of the dose distributions by individual beam compensation is a useful tool in conformal radiation therapy. Intensity modulation by electromagnetic scanning of a narrow elementary beam allows fast dose delivery and causes little change in beam quality compared with other methods, especially for high energies such as 50 MV. Intensity modulated beams from the MM50 accelerator were measured and compared with calculations based on Monte Carlo simulations. Good agreement between measurements and calculations were found, typically within 1% for central dose profiles. The steepest wedge angle that was produced with the scanning beam technique was of 45 degrees or 3.5% cm(-1) for a 20 cm x 20 cm field, slightly varying with depth. The elementary 50 MV photon 'pencil beam' for a full range, high-z bremsstrahlung target, is a wide dose distribution at 10 cm depth in water which limits the modulation gradient and hence the complexity of the modulation by the scanning of a photon pencil beam only. Scanned wedge beam distributions were modelled in the treatment planning system and a pelvic treatment with three fields was used to illustrate a clinical application. The resulting dose volume data were compared for different radiation qualities but with similar beam portals. 'Energy modulation' by field matching with lower photon energies was performed to sharpen the penumbra towards organs at risk.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Blomquist, Torbjörn, 1972-
(författare)
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Waves and rays in open billiards
- 2002
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Semiconductor systems where the deBroglie wavelength of the electron is comparable to the size of the system are called mesoscopic. Such systems are readily produced in laboratories, and have been studied extensively. These systems offer possibilities to study the borderline between quantum and classical physics, chaos and more. The continuous shrink in size of semiconductor devices will make their operation quantum mechanical by the year 2010, this offers both problems and possibilities; so called quantum computing is a very hot research subject.A class of systems called billiards are studied in this thesis. A billiard is a two-dimensional system with a constant inner potential and hard wall confinement, just like the table in a game of billiards. The billiards can be mesoscopic (then often called quantum dots) or macroscopic. The introduction of this thesis shortly describes experimental two-dimensional semiconductor and microwave billiards. Theory is described and methods for computing conductance through billiards classically, semi-classically and quantum mechanically are then developed in detail. The main emphasis in this thesis has been on development of methods for semi-classical calculations.The following papers are included:In paper I a semi-classical interpretation is provided for an experimental billiard, explaining the characteristic frequencies in its measured conductance in terms of pairs of classical trajectories. Further, the phase coherence length in the billiard is extracted from these frequencies and the relation between conductance oscillations and the common picture of periodic orbits is outlined.In paper II the conductance and weak localisation corrections in a triangularbilliard in magnetic field are calculated using both the semi-classical method and quantum mechanics. The semi-classical method is however shown to not reproduce the quantum mechanical results, break current conservation and symmetry of conductance with respect to direction of current and magnetic fields. The reason for the discrepancies is traced to the topology of the classical trajectories. The findings pinpoint some limitations of the semi-classical theory and rise question to what extent one can rely on some of the statistical predictions of the semi-classical theory, e.g. weak localisation line shapes and fractal conductance.Paper III presents experimental studies as well as theoretical quantum mechanicaand semi-classical studies, of a square microwave billiard. The quantum mechanical calculations show excellent agreement with experimental results. By means of semi-classical simulations, the characteristic oscillations in transmission and reflection amplitudes are shown to be related to the length of trajectories in the billiard. Oscillations in the transmission and reflection probabilities arc also shown to be related to length differences in pairs of trajectories.In paper IV the effects of the choice of boundary conditions at the lead mouths, are studied. A new formula for the S-matrix elements is derived, and shown to yield superior results when comparing semi-classical and quantum mechanical simulations. Paper V studies the time-resolved dynamics in classically regular and chaotic billiards, comparing classical trajectories and a quantum mechanical wave packets. For short times (up to approx. the Heisenberg time), the features in the quantum mechanical current is directly related to classical trajectories. In contrast, the longtime asymptotics of the quantum mechanical currents decay exponentially, and is not sensitive to the nature of the classical asymptotics, i.e. exponential for chaotic systems and power law for regular.
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| 23. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- ERICSSON, CH, et al.
(författare)
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Repeatability of airway deposition and tracheobronchial clearance rate over three days in chronic bronchitis
- 1995
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Ingår i: The European respiratory journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 8:11, s. 1886-1893
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous investigations on tracheobronchial clearance in chronic bronchitis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have usually referred to measurements during a short time-period, i.e. a few hours. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to study regional particle deposition and tracheobronchial clearance during 72 h. In 14 patients with chronic bronchitis clearance of 111In-labelled 3.6 micrograms Teflon particles and lung function were measured on two occasions, with an interval of 2 weeks. Lung retention of test particles was measured at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h using a profile scanner. The weight of expectorated sputum samples was measured after the two clearance measurements. The particle retentions at all time-points were reproducible, as seen from the two measurements ( r > 0.90). The fast clearance phase was completed within 72 h. No correlation between sputum volume and clearance was seen. There was a significant negative correlation between airway resistance and the 72 h retention (r= -0.66), and an even better correlation between specific airway resistance and the 72 h retention (r = -0.82), indicating more central deposition in obstructed airways. There was no significant correlation between lung function tests reflecting smaller airways and the 72 h retentions. Deposition data agreed well with theoretical calculations and experimental data in healthy subjects. In spite of earlier findings that mucociliary transport is usually severely impaired in chronic bronchitis and COPD, the present results indicate that overall tracheobronchial mucus clearance in these patients is fairly effective, probably due to a productive cough. Alveolar deposition may be estimated by measurements of the 72 h retention in subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The 72 h retention is dependent mainly on the calibre of larger airways. The present method of studying airway clearance during 3 days is highly reproducible.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Galnander, B, et al.
(författare)
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Non-destructive chemical analysis of sandwich structures by means of soft X-ray emission
- 1999
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Ingår i: THIN SOLID FILMS. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA. - 0040-6090. ; 344, s. 35-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Soft X-ray emission spectroscopy provides information about elemental composition, including the light elements, as well as the chemical bonding. The probe depth reaches hundreds of nanometers but under certain conditions considerable surface sensitivity
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Holgersson, G., et al.
(författare)
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Molecular profiling using tissue microarrays as a tool to identify predictive biomarkers in laryngeal cancer treated with radiotherapy
- 2010
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Ingår i: Cancer Genomics & Proteomics. - 1109-6535 .- 1790-6245. ; 7:1, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To explore the usefulness of the expression of five potential cancer biomarkers in predicting outcome in patients with laryngeal cancer. Materials and Methods: In the present study, the Swedish National Cancer Registry databases were used to identify patients with laryngeal cancer diagnosed during the years 1978-2004 in the Uppsala-Örebro region and treated with radiotherapy. The expression of Ki-67, MutS homolog 2, (MSH2), p53, B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and cyclin D1 in the cancer cells was assessed immunohistochemically using tissue microarrays (TMAs) and its predictve value on survival and relapse was analyzed using Cox regression models. Results: A total of 39 patients were included in the present study. Nuclear MSH2 staining was statistically significantly correlated to Ki-67 expression (p=0.022). However, univariate and multivariate Cox analyses showed no statistically significant association between the expression of the investigated biomarkers and overall survival or relapse. Conclusion: The present exploratory study does not show any significant predictive value of the biomarkers examined with respect to survival or relapse. However, with larger patient cohorts, we believe that protein profiling using TMAs and immunohistochemistry is a feasible strategy for prognostic and predictive biomarker screening in laryngeal cancer.
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| 37. |
- J.Lindner, A.Scherz, P.Poulopoulos, C.Rudt, A.N.Anisimov, H.Wende, K.Baberschke, P.Blomquist, R.Wäppling, F.Wilhelm, N.B.Brookes
(författare)
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Ultrathin Fe-limit in Fe/V(001) superlattices
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials. ; 256:1-3, s. 404-411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 38. |
- Kalska, B, et al.
(författare)
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A study of the different interfaces in Fe/V superlattices
- 2001
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Ingår i: EUROPHYSICS LETTERS. - : E D P SCIENCES. - 0295-5075. ; 53:3, s. 395-400
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interfaces in Fe(xML)/V(yML) multilayers have been examined. Two pairs of samples each with definite x and y were prepared using the same deposition process and the same Elemental variations with the Fe-57 probe layers interfoliated between completed V an
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Kalska, B, et al.
(författare)
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Interface roughness/intermixing and magnetic moments in a Fe/Co(001) superlattice
- 2001
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER. - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD. - 0953-8984. ; 13:13, s. 2963-2970
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The superiority of a local probe method over diffraction methods in determining, the interface details is demonstrated by a comparison between Fe/Co and Fe/V superlattice data. From Mossbauer spectra, the higher interface quality in the Fe/Co superlattice
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| 41. |
- Kalska, B, et al.
(författare)
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Layer-resolved magnetic moments for Fe in a Co/Fe (001) superlattice
- 2001
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0304-8853. ; 226, s. 1773-1775
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- From the Mossbauer spectrum of a high-quality Fe/Co superlattice, the interface quality was ascertained by comparison of the details of the spectrum with the published value of the magnetic hyperfine held for iron in cobalt and no detectable roughness/int
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| 42. |
- Kalska, B, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of V and Fe thicknesses on the Fe magnetic exchange in Fe/V multilayers
- 2001
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0304-8853. ; 226, s. 1782-1784
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Fe hyperfine field distribution in Fe(xML)/V(yML) with x=5 and 10 and y=5,10 and 14 has been determined. A strong dependence in Fe magnetic field distribution as a function of thickness V as well as Fe layers has been found. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science
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| 43. |
- Karlsson, P G, et al.
(författare)
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Interfacial properties of the nanostructured dye-sensitized solid heterojunction TiO2/RuL2(NCS)(2)/CuI
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 120:23, s. 11224-11232
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interfaces of the nanostructured dye-sensitized solid heterojunction TiO2/Ru-dye/CuI have been studied using photoelectron spectroscopy of core and valence levels, x-ray absorption spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. A nanostructured anatase TiO2 film sensitized with RuL2(NCS)(2) [cis-bis(4,4'-dicarboxy-2,2'-bipyridine)-bis(isothio-cyanato)-ruthenium(II)] was prepared in a controlled way using a novel combined in-situ and ex-situ (Ar atmosphere) method. Onto this film CuI was deposited in-situ. The formation of the dye-CuI interface and the changes brought upon the dye-TiO2 interface could be monitored in a stepwise fashion. A direct interaction between the dye NCS groups and the CuI is evident in the core level photoelectron spectra. Concerning the energy matching of the valence electronic levels, the photoelectron spectra indicate that the dye HOMO overlaps in energy with the Cu 3d-I 5p hydrid states. The CuI grow in the form of particles, which at the initial stages displace the dye molecules causing dye-TiO2 bond breaking. Consequently, the very efficient charge injection channel provided by the dye-TiO2 carboxylic bonding is directly affected for a substantial part of the dye molecules. This may be of importance for the functional properties of such a heterojunction. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Nordberg, A, et al.
(författare)
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Amyloid imaging in MCI patients
- 2006
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Ingår i: NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING. - 0197-4580. ; 27, s. S15-S15
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 47. |
- Olmarker, K, et al.
(författare)
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Chondroitinase ABC (pharmaceutical grade) for chemonucleolysis. Functional and structural evaluation after local application on intraspinal nerve structures and blood vessels.
- 1996
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Ingår i: Spine. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0362-2436. ; 21:17, s. 1952-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects on nerve tissue and blood vessels of locally applied chondroitinase ABC were studied in two experimental models using chymopapain and the vehicle of chondroitinase ABC for controls.To assess the effects of chondroitinase ABC on blood vessels and nerve tissue after local application.Chondroitinase ABC has been suggested for chemonucleolysis because it has a high specificity for nucleus pulposus matrix, which could mean a high efficiency in dissolving disc tissue combined with a low risk of side effects on other tissues.Chondroitinase ABC or controls were injected intrathecally in the pig, and nerve conduction velocity and histologic changes were assessed after 7 days. The same substances were injected into the hamster cheek pouch and studied for 60 minutes for microvascular effects. The vehicle for the enzyme was used as a negative control and chymopapain in a therapeutic concentration served as a positive control.In all series there was a slight intrathecal fibrotic reaction that was most pronounced after chymopapain injection. The effects on nerve conduction velocity and nerve morphology were similar between chondroitinase ABC and its vehicle. Chymopapain induced a significant reduction in nerve conduction velocity and pronounced histologic changes. In the cheek pouch, chymopapain induced a stand-still of blood flow at the injection site, and microhemorrhage and macromolecular leakage from the vessels at the border of the injection site. Only a slightly reduced blood flow was occasionally found after injection of chondroitinase ABC and controls.In agreement with the current literature, these observations indicate that chondroitinase ABC is safe regarding adverse effects on nerve tissue and blood vessels. The slight reduction in conduction velocity after intrathecal injection of chondroitinase ABC or its vehicle is most likely the result of surgical injury while releasing the nerve roots from the intrathecal fibrous adhesions. Such adhesions may be related to the laminectomy per se, and probably have no pathophysiologic significance.
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| 48. |
- Olmarker, K, et al.
(författare)
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Inflammatogenic properties of nucleus pulposus.
- 1995
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Ingår i: Spine. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0362-2436. ; 20:6, s. 665-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The inflammatogenic properties of nucleus pulposus were assessed in two experimental models previously used for screening of inflammatogenic properties of other substances. This study was performed to assess the inflammatogenic properties of nucleus pulposus in models previously screened for other substances.Previous experimental studies, as well as clinical observations, have indicated that inflammatory mechanisms may constitute an important pathogenetic component in sciatica due to herniation of the nucleus pulposus.In the first experimental series, autologous nucleus pulposus and retroperitoneal fat were placed in perforated titanium chambers, which were placed subcutaneously in pigs, together with an empty chamber as sham. After 7 days, the number of leukocytes in the chambers was determined. In the second experimental series, the microvascular reactions were studied by vital microscopy of the hamster cheek-pouch after local injections of suspensions of homologous nucleus pulposus and homologous subcutaneous fat. Macromolecular extravascular leakage was studied by fluorescence microscopy using FITC-dextran as a tracer.The leukocyte ratio between fat control and sham was 0.9 +/- 0.6 and between nucleus pulposus and sham 2.4 +/- 0.7. The nucleus pulposus thus attracted significantly more leukocytes than fat. Injection of nucleus pulposus suspension induced thrombosis formation and pronounced leakages of macromolecules in a majority of the injection sites. However, injection of vehicle and fat suspension in the cheek-pouch only resulted in minor vital microscopic changes.Nucleus pulposus demonstrated inflammatogenic properties as indicated by leukotaxis and an increase of vascular permeability. It was not clear, however, it these reactions were induced by substances from the nucleus pulposus per se or from substances being liberated from other tissues as a response to an interaction with components of the nucleus pulposus.
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| 49. |
- Pagoldh, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of a supplementary diet with specially processed cereals in patients with short bowel syndrome.
- 2008
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Ingår i: European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology. - 1473-5687 .- 0954-691X. ; 20:11, s. 1085-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Short bowel syndrome patients frequently experience impaired health-related quality of life. This syndrome is also associated with increased costs for the individuals concerned and the community. Intake of specially processed cereals has been demonstrated to decrease intestinal secretion. This study evaluates the effect of a supplementary diet with specially processed cereals compared with nonprocessed cereals. METHODS: This investigation is a randomized double-blind, cross-over multicentre prospective study of 26 intestinal resected out patients, considered as short bowel syndrome patients. The patients were divided into groups A or B, in accordance with the first allocated treatment. Subgroup analyses of the underlying diagnoses and type of surgical procedure were performed. The studied parameters were faecal volume, nocturnal stools, abdominal pain/discomfort, health-related quality of life, peripheral blood tests and anthropometric data. RESULTS: In both groups, intake of nonprocessed cereals significantly decreased the faecal volume. The subgroup analyses of patients with a history of ulcerative colitis (compared with Crohn's disease) and nonileostomy-operated procedure (compared with ileostomi-operated procedure) showed significantly decreased faecal volume during nonprocessed cereals intake. Peripheral blood tests, quality of life and anthropometry were not affected. CONCLUSION: In this study, nonprocessed cereals seemed to be as effective as specially processed cereals in decreasing faecal volume in general and especially in ulcerative colitis patients (mainly operated with nonileostomy techniques). Our results indicate that use of supplementary cereals is safe for this group of patients, but should optimally include evaluation of the underlying diagnosis and the surgical method used.
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