| 1. |
- Abolfathi, Bela, et al.
(författare)
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The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey : First Spectroscopic Data from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the Second Phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. - : IOP Publishing Ltd. - 0067-0049 .- 1538-4365. ; 235:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since 2014 July. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the 14th from SDSS overall (making this Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes the data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (2014-2016 July) public. Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey; the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data-driven machine-learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from the SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS web site (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020 and will be followed by SDSS-V.
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| 2. |
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Advances in Pattern-Based Ontology Engineering
- 2021
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ontologies are the corner stone of data modeling and knowledge representation, and engineering an ontology is a complex task in which domain knowledge, ontological accuracy and computational properties need to be carefully balanced. As with any engineering task, the identification and documentation of common patterns is important, and Ontology Design Patterns (ODPs) provide ontology designers with a strong connection to requirements and a better communication of their semantic content and intent.This book, Advances in Pattern-Based Ontology Engineering, contains 23 extended versions of selected papers presented at the annual Workshop on Ontology Design and Patterns (WOP) between 2017 and 2020. This yearly event, which attracts a large number of researchers and professionals in the field of ontology engineering and ontology design patterns, covers issues related to quality aspects of ontology engineering and ODPs for data and knowledge representation, and is usually co-located with the International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC), apart from WOP 2020, which was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Topics covered by the papers collected here focus on recent advances in ontology design and patterns, and range from a method to instantiate content patterns, through a proposal on how to document a content pattern, to a number of patterns emerging in ontology modeling in various situations and applications.The book provides an overview of important advances in ontology engineering and ontology design patterns, and will be of interest to all those working in the field.
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| 3. |
- Albertsen, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Describing Ontology Applications
- 2007
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 4th Annual European Semantic Web Conference (ESWC 2007).
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Semantic Web technologies are finally, after a few years of infancy, truly entering the business world to support the growing needs of computer aided information selection and processing. There are already quite well-defined development processes and methods in the software engineering field to handle the construction of large scale and complex enterprise systems, and to reuse knowledge in different software domains patterns are considered to be common practise. Patterns can be described on different levels of abstraction, but the patterns in the focus of this paper are on the software architecture level. In this paper we present a definition of the notion ”ontology application pattern”, as a special form of software architecture patterns describing an ontology-based system. We also show how such patterns, as well as the description of the pattern instantiations, can be described using a modified architecture description language.
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| 4. |
- Alirezaie, Marjan, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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An ontology-based context-aware system for smart homes : E-care@home
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Sensors. - Basel : MDPI AG. - 1424-8220. ; 17:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Smart home environments have a significant potential to provide for long-term monitoring of users with special needs in order to promote the possibility to age at home. Such environments are typically equipped with a number of heterogeneous sensors that monitor both health and environmental parameters. This paper presents a framework called E-care@home, consisting of an IoT infrastructure, which provides information with an unambiguous, shared meaning across IoT devices, end-users, relatives, health and care professionals and organizations. We focus on integrating measurements gathered from heterogeneous sources by using ontologies in order to enable semantic interpretation of events and context awareness. Activities are deduced using an incremental answer set solver for stream reasoning. The paper demonstrates the proposed framework using an instantiation of a smart environment that is able to perform context recognition based on the activities and the events occurring in the home.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Alirezaie, Marjan, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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SmartEnv as a network of ontology patterns
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Semantic Web. - : IOS Press. - 1570-0844 .- 2210-4968. ; 9:6, s. 903-918
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article we outline the details of an ontology, called SmartEnv, proposed as a representational model to assist the development process of smart (i.e., sensorized) environments. The SmartEnv ontology is described in terms of its modules representing different aspects including physical and conceptual aspects of a smart environment. We propose the use of the Ontology Design Pattern (ODP) paradigm in order to modularize our proposed solution, while at the same time avoiding strong dependencies between the modules in order to manage the representational complexity of the ontology. The ODP paradigm and related methodologies enable incremental construction of ontologies by first creating and then linking small modules. Most modules (patterns) of the SmartEnv ontology are inspired by, and aligned with, the Semantic Sensor Network (SSN) ontology, however with extra interlinks to provide further precision and cover more representational aspects.The result is a network of 8 ontology patterns together forming a generic representation for a smart environment. The patterns have been submitted to the ODP portal and are available on-line at stable URIs.
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| 7. |
- Alirezaie, Marjan, et al.
(författare)
-
SmartEnv ontology in E-care@home (Short paper)
- 2018
-
Ingår i: CEUR Workshop Proceedings. - : CEUR-WS. ; , s. 72-79, s. 72-79
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this position paper we briey introduce SmartEnv ontology which relies on SEmantic Sensor Network (SSN) ontology and is used to represent different aspects of smart and sensorized environments. We will also talk about E-carehome project aiming at providing an IoT-based health-care system for elderly people at their homes. Furthermore, we refer to the role of SmartEnv in Ecarehome and how it needs to be further extended to achieve semantic interoperability as one of the challenges in development of autonomous health care systems at home.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Anderberg, Mats, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Strukturerade intervjuer inom missbruksvården : - som en grund för kunskapsutveckling
- 2009
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Anderberg, Mats & Dahlberg, Mikael (2009). Strukturerade intervjuer inom missbruksvården – som en grund för kunskapsutveckling (Structured interviews in substance abuse treatment - as a foundation for the development of knowledge). In the discussion on knowledge development in social work, structured interviews have attracted an increasing amount of attention. The aim of this thesis is to examine and analyze how structured interviews can serve as a basis in the compilation and development of knowledge for practice and research in addiction treatment. More precisely, it means a problematization of the methodological issues that are of central importance in studying treatment outcomes, in which structured interviews form the basis. The methodological aspects in focus here are scientific concepts such as reliability, validity and specific factors in the evaluation of treatment interventions. A further objective is to outline a model for analysis when compiling and evaluating treatment outcome. The five empirical studies have been conducted in their natural context, in organisations in which structured interviews with clients are carried out as an everyday routine and used for e.g. treatment planning. The structured interview DOK (a Swedish abbreviation for Documentation of clients) is used as a basis and an example for the empirical studies in this thesis. The validation studies show that the DOK interview generally attains a good level of reliability and validity, but also contains a small number of variables that do not live up to the requirements which may be imposed. Deficiencies in operationalization and question construction seem to have a large impact. Another conclusion is that it is possible to carry out validation studies, where each variable is examined separately and evaluated with the aid of both sound methodological starting points and relevant statistical theory. Another of the central questions, the thesis addresses, is how structured interviews can be used as a basis for evaluation of treatment. The two studies which highlight this issue show that it is obvious that structured interviews are suitable for such a purpose, through its standardized form and multi-dimensional nature. Validation of structured interviews or evaluation of social interventions should not be reduced to single numbers or values. The multidimensional nature of the structured interview shall also be reflected in the results and analysis. The thesis presents an analysis model for evaluating treatment outcome in relation to two empirical examples and foregoing theoretical starting points. Our view is that structured interviews can provide a link between practice and research and thus contribute to the development of knowledge in social work and substance abuse treatment.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Andreassen, Eva, et al.
(författare)
-
Kokbok för förändringsledare : Metdoder för att stötta engagerade människor att förverkliga idéer
- 2020
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det här är en kokbok för förändringsledare. Du kan använda denna bok om du ska leda utvecklingsaktiviteter och letar efter bra och beprövade metoder för att leda grupper och processer. Vi beskriver metoderna som vi har använt inom vårt projekt SMICE, i vilket sammanhang metoderna använts och när de olika metoderna fungerat bra. Vår förhoppning med att nedteckna dessa metoder är att du ska inspireras och vågar prova något nytt för att skapa nytta. Vi tror att ett detaljerat sätt att dokumentera metoderna gör dem mer användbara för dig men också för oss själva. Metoderna är graderade efter vilket behov av förkunskap och förberedelser du behöver, från det enklaste, där du kan öppna kokboken och använda metoden på en gång, till metoder som kräver utbildning eller specialistkompetens innan du sätter igång. Boken är indelad i fyra huvuddelar; Starta, Forma, Utveckla och förankra och Bygga vidare. Till dessa delar har vi identifierat metodstöd som kan användas vid en rad olika tillfällen; vid idégenerering, vid idéutveckling, vid affärsutveckling, för att inspirera, för att skapa samsyn och samverkan och för att mobilisera större grupper av människor och organisationer. Något för alla, alltså. Avslutningsvis finner du tips och stöd för att driva dessa utvecklingsprocesser på distans med digitala verktyg i digitala möten. Ska vi sammanfatta någon lärdom av detta arbete så blir det våra nycklar som presenteras på nästa sida. Du kan se dessa nycklar som våra bästa råd för att du ska lyckas med ditt arbete med att leda processer och att ordna möten. Lycka till! Metoderna har testats och utvecklats inom SMICE - Samskapande Mittnordisk Innovationsarena för Cirkulär Ekonomi, ett projekt inom Interreg som pågått 2017-2020.
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| 13. |
- Antonsson, Jakob, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling Colloidal Particle Aggregation Using Cluster Aggregation with Multiple Particle Interactions
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry B. - 1520-6106 .- 1520-5207. ; 128:18, s. 4513-4524
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we investigate the aggregation dynamics of colloidal silica by generating simulated structures and comparing them to experimental data gathered through scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). More specifically, diffusion-limited cluster aggregation and reaction-limited cluster aggregation models with different functions for the probability of particles sticking upon contact were used. Aside from using a constant sticking probability, the sticking probability was allowed to depend on the masses of the colliding clusters and on the number of particles close to the collision between clusters. The different models of the sticking probability were evaluated based on the goodness-of-fit of spatial summary statistics. Furthermore, the models were compared to the experimental data by calculating the structures’ fractal dimension and mass transport properties from simulations of flow and diffusion. The sticking probability, depending on the interaction with multiple particles close to the collision site, led to structures most similar to the STEM data.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Blomqvist, Eva, et al.
(författare)
-
An integrated dataset of energy efficiency measures published as linked open data
- 2015
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Ingår i: Energy Efficiency. - : SPRINGER. - 1570-646X .- 1570-6478. ; 8:6, s. 1125-1147
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite an extensive energy efficiency potential, measures are sometimes not adopted due to barriers, such as lack of information. An integrated database of available energy efficiency measures, which has not existed previously, is one step towards overcoming such barriers. To address this, we present a dataset (i.e., data-base) integrating energy efficiency data from Sweden (from the Swedish Energy Agency) and the USA (from the Department of Energys Industrial Assessment Centers), and publishing the data on the Web, using standardized Web languages and following the principles and best practices of so-called linked data. Additionally, several demonstration interfaces to access the data are provided, in order to show the potential of the result. These are entirely novel results, since this is the first dataset we are aware of that publishes this type of data using linked data principles and standards, thus integrating data from entirely different sources making them jointly searchable and reusable. Our results show that such data integration is possible, and that the integrated dataset has several benefits for different categories of users, e.g., supporting industry and energy efficiency auditors in overcoming the information barrier for investment in energy efficiency measures, and supporting application developers to more easily integrate such data into support tools for energy efficiency assessment.
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| 16. |
- Blomqvist, Eva
(författare)
-
Case-based Reasoning for Ontology Engineering
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Tenth Scandinavian Conference on Artificial Intelligence - SCAI 2008. - Amsterdam : IOS Press. - 9781586038670 ; , s. 36-43
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- When developing semantic applications, constructing the underlying ontologies is a crucial part. Construction of both Semantic Web and enterprise ontologies need to be semi-automatic in order to reduce the effort required and the need for expert ontology engineers. Another important issue is to introduce knowledge reuse in the ontology construction process. By basing our semi-automatic method on the principles of case-based reasoning (CBR) we envision a novel semi-automatic ontology construction approach and also a novel application of case-based reasoning. The development of OntoCase is still ongoing work, in this paper we report mainly on the motivation for using CBR and the possible benefits of this.
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| 17. |
- Blomqvist, Eva, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparing and Evaluating Ontology Construction in an Enterprise Context
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Enterprise Information Systems. - Berlin-Heidelberg : Springer. - 9783540775805 ; , s. 221-240
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Structuring enterprise information and supporting knowledge management is a growing application field for enterprise ontologies. Research work presented in this paper focuses on construction of enterprise ontologies. In an experiment, two methods were used in parallel when developing an ontology for a company in automotive supplier industries. One method is based on automatic ontology construction, the other method is a manual approach based on cookbook-like instructions. The paper compares and evaluates the methods and their results. For ontology evaluation, selected approaches were combined including both evaluation by ontology engineers and evaluation by domain experts. The main conclusion is that the compared methods have different strengths and an integration of both developed ontologies and used methods should be investigated.
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| 18. |
- Blomqvist, Eva, et al.
(författare)
-
Configuration of Dynamic SME Supply Chains Based on Ontologies
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Holonic and Multi-Agent Systems for Manufacturing. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. ; , s. 246-256
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to the increasing implementation of agile and networked manufacturing, supply chain has entered a new phase, virtual supply chain. The phase is characterized by the integration of activities, operations, and functions carried out at different and geographically distributed supply chain stages. The paper proposes an approach to the configuration of a network of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) being integrated into a supply chain. The SME supply chain configuration is based on a shared domain ontology for supply chain management, offering the configuration task as a function of supply chain management. Principles of the development of the shared ontology and possible ways of matching between enterprise and domain ontologies are considered.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Blomqvist, Eva, et al.
(författare)
-
Constructing an Enterprise Ontology for an Automotive Supplier
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of 12th IFAC Symposium on Information Control Problems in Manufacturing, Saint-Etienne, France, May 2006. - 008044654X
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents experiences and conclusions from ontology engineering applied in the automotive suppliers domain. The work focuses on construction of enterprise ontologies to support structuring of enterprise information and knowledge management. Two methods for ontology construction, developed by previous research activities, were used in parallel when developing an ontology for a company in automotive supplier industries. One method is automatic and the other method is a manual approach. A conclusion was that the developed ontologies complemented each other well and therefore the decision was made to combine them for use in the project. The resulting ontology will now be used in the coming development of a pilot application.
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| 21. |
- Blomqvist, Eva, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Constructing an enterprise ontology for an automotive supplier
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Engineering applications of artificial intelligence. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0952-1976 .- 1873-6769. ; 21:3, s. 386-397
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents experiences and conclusions from ontology engineering applied in the automotive suppliers domain. The work focuses on construction of enterprise ontologies to support structuring of enterprise information and knowledge management. Two methods for ontology construction, developed by previous research activities, were used in parallel when developing an ontology for a company in automotive supplier industries. One method is automatic and the other method is a manual approach. A conclusion was that the developed ontologies complemented each other well and therefore the decision was made to merge them for use in the project. The resulting ontology will now be used in several pilot applications.
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| 22. |
- Blomqvist, Eva, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Cross-domain Modelling - A Network of Core Ontologies for the Circular Economy
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 14th Workshop on Ontology Design and Patterns (WOP 2023). - Aachen, Germany : CEUR Workshop Proceedings.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Circular Economy (CE) aims to reduce value loss and avoid waste by extending the life of products,components, and materials. Circular value networks (CVN), i.e. networks of actors realising partsof the CE, are often complex and involving a multitude of actors, such as suppliers, manufacturers,recyclers, and end-users, from different industry sectors. In addition, the networks enable and managevarious flows of resources, energy, information and value. To set up and operate such networks, datasharing is essential, however, one of the main challenges is semantic interoperability, and as a resultdata are difficult to understand, integrate, and use. Ontologies support semantic interoperability, andcan represent domain knowledge and enable stakeholders to communicate. However, the knowledgedomains involved are many, including sustainability, materials, products, manufacturing, and logistics,where well-established ontologies already exist. In addition, these domains need to be connected torelevant industry sectors. In order to bridge these domains we propose a set of core ontology modules,allowing to express links between existing ontologies as well as filling gaps related to core CE concepts.
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| 23. |
- Blomqvist, Eva, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Decentralized Digital Twins of Circular Value Networks - A Position Paper
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Semantic Digital Twins. - : CEUR Workshop Proceedings.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Circular economy aims at reducing value loss and avoiding waste, by circulating material or productparts before they become waste. Today, lack of support for sharing data in a secure, quality assured, andautomated way is one of the main obstacles that industry actors point to when attempting to create newcircular value networks. Together with using different terminologies and not having explicit definitions ofthe concepts that appear in data, this makes it very difficult to create new ecosystems of actors in Europetoday. A solution to these challenges needs to leverage open standards for semantic data interoperabilityin establishing a shared vocabulary (ontology network) for data documentation, as well as create adecentralized digital platform that enables collaboration in a secure and confidentiality-preservingmanner. This vocabulary can then be used to construct digital twins of circular value networks to furtherenable open collaboration. Once defined, the blueprints of these digital twins will be reusable as templatesand can be reused with a different set of actors, or used within a different industry domain. This visionincludes a number of open research problems, including the development of ontologies that need to modela wide range of different materials and products, not only providing vertical interoperability but alsohorizontal interoperability, for cross-industry value networks. As well as transdisciplinary research onmethods to find, analyse and assess new circular value chain configurations, and form their decentralizeddigital twins. The solutions will allow for automation of planning, management, and execution of circularvalue networks, at a European scale, and beyond. Thereby supporting the acceleration of the digitaland green transitions, automating the discovery and formation of new collaborations in the circulareconomy.
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| 24. |
- Blomqvist, Eva, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Engineering Ontologies with Patterns : The eXtreme Design Methodology
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Ontology Engineering with Ontology Design Patterns. - : IOS Press. - 9781614996750 - 9781614996767 ; , s. 23-50
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- When using Ontology Design Patterns (ODPs) for modelling new parts of an ontology, i.e., new ontology modules, or even an entire ontology from scratch, ODPs can be used both as inspiration for different modelling solutions, as well as concrete templates or even “building blocks” reused directly in the new solution. This chapter discusses how ODPs, and in particular Content ODPsIn fact, throughout this chapter when mentioning ODPs, this mainly refers to Content ODPs if not specified further., can be used in ontology engineering. In particular, a specific ontology engineering methodology is presented, which was originally developed for supporting ODP use. However, this methodology, the eXtreme Design (XD), also has some characteristics that set it apart from most other ontology engineering methodologies, and which may be interesting to consider regardless of how much emphasis is put on the ODP usage. Towards the end of the chapter some XD use cases are also reported and discussed, as well as lessons learned from applying XD. The chapter is concluded through a summary and discussion about future work.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Blomqvist, Eva
(författare)
-
Fully Automatic Construction of Enterprise Ontologies Using Design Patterns: Initial Method and First Experiences
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of OTM 2005 Conferences, Ontologies, DataBases, and Applications of Semantics (ODBASE), Agia Napa, Cyprus, Oct 31- Nov 4, 2005. - 9783540297383
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The main contribution of this paper is an initial method for automatically exploiting ontology design patterns with the aim of further automating the creation of enterprise ontologies in small-scale application contexts. The focus is so far on developing a fully automated construction method, thereby somewhat reducing the requirements on ontology customization and level of detail. In this paper we present an approach how to use knowledge (patterns) from other areas, like data modeling, knowledge reuse, software analysis and software design, to create ontology patterns. These design patterns are then used within our method for automatically matching and pruning them, in accordance with information extracted from existing knowledge sources within the company in question. Though the method still needs some fine-tuning, it has already been used when creating an enterprise ontology for a suppliercompany within the automotive industry.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Blomqvist, Eva, et al.
(författare)
-
Ontology Construction in an Enterprise context: Comparing and Evaluating two Approaches
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of 8th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems, Paphos, Cyprus, May 2006. ; , s. 8-
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Structuring enterprise information and supporting knowledge management is a growing application field for enterprise ontologies. Research work presented in this paper focuses on construction of enterprise ontologies. In an experiment, two methods were used in parallel when developing an ontology for a company in automotive supplier industries. One method is based on automatic ontology construction, the other method is a manual approach based on cookbook-like instructions. The paper compares and evaluates the methods and their results. For ontology evaluation, selected approaches were combined including both evaluation by ontology engineers and evaluation by domain experts. The main conclusion is that the compared methods have different strengths and an integration of both developed ontologies and used methods should be investigated.
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| 29. |
- Blomqvist, Eva, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Ontology Testing - Methodology and Tool
- 2012
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ontology engineering is lacking methods for verifying that ontological requirements are actually fulfilled by an ontology. There is a need for practical and detailed methodologies and tools for carrying out testing procedures and storing data about a test case and its execution. In this paper we first describe a methodology for conducting ontology testing, as well as three examples of this methodology for testing specic types of requirements. Next, we describe a tool that practically supports the methodology.We conclude that there is a need to support users in this crucial part of ontology engineering, and that our proposed methodology is a step in this direction.
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| 30. |
- Blomqvist, Eva
(författare)
-
Pattern Ranking for Semi-automatic Ontology Construction
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2008 ACM symposium on Applied computing. - 9781595937537 ; , s. 2248-
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- When developing semantic applications, the construction of ontologies is a crucial part. We are developing a semiautomatic ontology construction approach, OntoCase, relying on ontology patterns as additional resources. A crucial part of this approach is how to select the appropriate patterns based on the input representation extracted from a text corpus. In this paper, we suggest a pattern ranking and selection approach with the ability to partially bridge the gap between abstract patterns and specific terms, as well as being specifically tuned to the characteristics of ontology patterns. Compared to existing ontology ranking schemes our approach adds indirect matching of terms as well as relation matching. An initial experiment indicates that Onto- Case ranking performs better, especially when ranking small and abstract patterns, than existing ranking approaches.
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| 31. |
- Blomqvist, Eva, et al.
(författare)
-
Patterns in Ontology Engineering – Classification of Ontology Patterns
- 2005
-
Ingår i: ICEIS 2005. - 9728865198 ; , s. 4-
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In Software Engineering, patterns are an accepted way to facilitate and support reuse. This paper focuses on patterns in the field of Ontology Engineering and proposes a classification scheme for ontology patterns. The scheme divides ontology patterns into five levels: Application Patterns, Architecture Patterns, Design Patterns, Semantic Patterns, and Syntactic Patterns. Semantic and Syntactic Patterns are quite well-researched but the higher levels of pattern abstraction are so far almost unexplored. To illustrate the possibilities of patterns on these levels some examples are discussed, together with ideas of future work.
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| 32. |
- Blomqvist, Eva, et al.
(författare)
-
Preface
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Advances in Pattern-Based Ontology Engineering. - Amsterdam : IOS Press. - 9781643681740 - 9781643681757 ; , s. i-viii
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 33. |
- Blomqvist, Eva, 1977-
(författare)
-
Semi-automatic Ontology Construction based on Patterns
- 2009
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis aims to improve the ontology engineering process, by providing better semiautomatic support for constructing ontologies and introducing knowledge reuse through ontology patterns. The thesis introduces a typology of patterns, a general framework of pattern-based semi-automatic ontology construction called OntoCase, and provides a set of methods to solve some specific tasks within this framework. Experimental results indicate some benefits and drawbacks of both ontology patterns, in general, and semi-automatic ontology engineering using patterns, the OntoCase framework, in particular.The general setting of this thesis is the field of information logistics, which focuses on how to provide the right information at the right moment in time to the right person or organisation, sent through the right medium. The thesis focuses on constructing enterprise ontologies to be used for structuring and retrieving information related to a certain enterprise. This means that the ontologies are quite 'light weight' in terms of logical complexity and expressiveness.Applying ontology content design patterns within semi-automatic ontology construction, i.e. ontology learning, is a novel approach. The main contributions of this thesis are a typology of patterns together with a pattern catalogue, an overall framework for semi-automatic patternbased ontology construction, specific methods for solving partial problems within this framework, and evaluation results showing the characteristics of ontologies constructed semiautomatically based on patterns. Results show that it is possible to improve the results of typical existing ontology learning methods by selecting and reusing patterns. OntoCase is able to introduce a general top-structure to the ontologies, and by exploiting background knowledge, the ontology is given a richer structure than when patterns are not applied.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Blomqvist, Eva
(författare)
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State of the Art : Patterns in Ontology Engineering
- 2004
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report brings together three different areas, Ontology Learning, ontology reuse and patterns in Computer Science in general. These three areas may not seem to have much in common but the report aims to illustrate the potential of bringing them together and to outline research possibilities in the field. Patterns have been successfully applied as a means for facilitating reuse and managing complexity in many areas. So far not many pattern approaches have emerged in Ontology Engineering especially when considering patterns for use with Ontology Learning systems or patterns to facilitate reuse of ontologies. This report is concluded by a discussion about future research possibilities in the field. Among other things more exchange between Ontology Engineering and Software Engineering is suggested. Researchers should draw from already existing knowledge when creating ontology patterns. The most interesting applications of ontology patterns in the future are to further facilitate Ontology Learning, by for example using the patterns as construction templates, and to facilitate reuse of ontologies by using the patterns to search and sort ontology libraries.
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| 36. |
- Blomqvist, Eva, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Statistical Knowledge Patterns for Characterising Linked Data
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Ontology and Semantic Web Patterns (WOP 2013) co-located with 12th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2013). - : CEUR-WS.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Knowledge Patterns (KPs), and even more specifically Ontology Design Patterns (ODPs), are no longer only generated in a top-down fashion, rather patterns are being extracted in a bottom-up fashion from online ontologies and data sources, such as Linked Data. These KPs can assist in tasks such as making sense of datasets and formulating queries over data, including performing query expansion to manage the diversity of properties used in datasets. This paper presents an extraction method for generating what we call Statistical Knowledge Patterns (SKPs) from Linked Data. SKPs describe and characterise classes from any reference ontology, by presenting their most frequent properties and property characteristics, all based on analysis of the underlying data. SKPs are stored as small OWL ontologies but can be continuously updated in a completely automated fashion. In the paper we exemplify this method by applying it to the classes of the DBpedia ontology, and in particular we evaluate our method for extracting range axioms from data. Results show that by setting appropriate thresholds, SKPs can be generated that cover (i.e. allow us to query, using the properties of the SKP) over 94% of the triples about individuals of that class, while only needing to care about 27% of the total number of distinct properties that are used in the data.
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| 37. |
- Blomqvist, Eva, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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The Event Processing ODP
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Ontology and Semantic Web Patterns co-located with 12th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2013). - : CEUR-WS.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this abstract we present a model for representing heterogeneous event objects in RDF, building on pre-existing work and focusing on structural aspects, which have not been addressed before, such as composite event objects encapsulating other event objects. The model extends the SSN and Event-F ontologies, and is available for download in the ODP portal.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Blomqvist, Eva, 1977-
(författare)
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The use of Semantic Web technologies for decision support – a survey
- 2014
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Ingår i: Semantic Web. - : IOS Press. - 1570-0844 .- 2210-4968. ; 5:3, s. 177-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Semantic Web shares many goals with Decision Support Systems (DSS), e.g., being able to precisely interpret information, in order to deliver relevant, reliable and accurate information to a user when and where it is needed. DSS have in addition more specific goals, since the information need is targeted towards making a particular decision, e.g., making a plan or reacting to a certain situation. When surveying DSS literature, we discover applications ranging from Business Intelligence, via general purpose social networking and collaboration support, Information Retrieval and Knowledge Management, to situation awareness, emergency management, and simulation systems. The unifying element is primarily the purpose of the systems, and their focus on information management and provision, rather than the specific technologies they employ to reach these goals. Semantic Web technologies have been used in DSS during the past decade to solve a number of different tasks, such as information integration and sharing, web service annotation and discovery, and knowledge representation and reasoning. In this survey article, we present the results of a structured literature survey of Semantic Web technologies in DSS, together with the results of interviews with DSS researchers and developers both in industry and research organizations outside the university. The literature survey has been conducted using a structured method, where papers are selected from the publisher databases of some of the most prominent conferences and journals in both fields (Semantic Web and DSS), based on sets of relevant keywords representing the intersection of the two fields. Our main contribution is to analyze the landscape of semantic technologies in DSS, and provide an overview of current research as well as open research areas, trends and new directions. An added value is the conclusions drawn from interviews with DSS practitioners, which give an additional perspective on the potential of Semantic Web technologies in this field; including scenarios for DSS, and requirements for Semantic Web technologies that may attempt to support those scenarios.
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| 40. |
- Blomqvist, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Towards causal knowledge graphs - position paper
- 2020
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Ingår i: CEUR Workshop Proceedings. - : CEUR-WS. ; , s. 58-62, s. 58-62
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this position paper, we highlight that being able to analyse the cause-effect relationships for determining the causal status among a set of events is an essential requirement in many contexts and argue that cannot be overlooked when building systems targeting real-world use cases. This is especially true for medical contexts where the understanding of the cause(s) of a symptom, or observation, is of vital importance. However, most approaches purely based on Machine Learning (ML) do not explicitly represent and reason with causal relations, and may therefore mistake correlation for causation. In the paper, we therefore argue for an approach to extract causal relations from text, and represent them in the form of Knowledge Graphs (KG), to empower downstream ML applications, or AI systems in general, with the ability to distinguish correlation from causation and reason with causality in an explicit manner. So far, the bottlenecks in KG creation have been scalability and accuracy of automated methods, hence, we argue that two novel features are required from methods for addressing these challenges, i.e. (i) the use of Knowledge Patterns to guide the KG generation process towards a certain resulting knowledge structure, and (ii) the use of a semantic referee to automatically curate the extracted knowledge. We claim that this will be an important step forward for supporting interpretable AI systems, and integrating ML and knowledge representation approaches, such as KGs, which should also generalise well to other types of relations, apart from causality. © 2020 for this paper by its authors. Use permitted under Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Blomqvist, Ida, 1981-
(författare)
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Adolescent mental health : time trends and validity of self-report measures
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Studies of time trends of adolescent self-reported mental health suggest an increase of mental health symptoms globally. Unfortunately, several studies within the field have methodological problems, such as short time-period between measurements and different mental health measures over time. When estimating mental health through self-report measures, the measures need to be both valid and reliable. Reports from the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare have shown that several self-report scales used in Child- and Adolescent Psychiatry lack validation in Swedish, and some are direct translations of adult self-report scales without proper age- adaption.Aims: This thesis aims to add to previous knowledge regarding time trends of self-reported mental health among Swedish youth and to validate internationally used reliable self-report measures for use in Sweden.Methods: In Study I, we investigated changes in self-reported mental health symptoms, both internalized and externalized, in two samples: The first sample in 1981 and the second in 2014, both samples including all grade 9 students of Luleå. The same composite self-report measures were used at both time points. In study II we translated and validated the Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale second edition (RADS-2) with classical test theory. In study III, eight pediatric Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) item banks were translated to Swedish and culturally adapted using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) methodology. Study IV describes the item response theory (IRT) validation of two item banks, the PROMIS Pediatric Bank v2.0 – Anxiety and the PROMIS Pediatric Bank v2.0 - Depressive Symptoms, in a school- and Child- and Adolescent Psychiatry patient sample.Results: Study I: There has been an increase in internalizing symptoms, especially among girls. Externalizing symptoms have decreased, especially among boys, and in 2014 compared to 1981; there is no significant difference between girls and boys. Study 2: The factor structure of the Swedish version of RADS-2 was confirmed and measurement invariance for sex and age-group. Reliability was acceptable to excellent for all subscales and the RADS-2 total scale. Concurrent, convergent, and discriminant validity was acceptable. Study III: All of the eight pediatric PROMIS item banks had translation issues to resolve. However, the translated and adapted versions were linguistically acceptable. Study IV: After removing a few items, the pediatric PROMIS item banks of anxiety and depressive symptoms showed good IRT fit statistics and no differential item functioning. A computer adaptive test (CAT) simulation supports the idea of the item banks to be appropriate to use with CAT.Conclusion: This study supports the previous knowledge pointing to a rise in self-reported mental health, especially among girls. Valid and reliable diagnostic measures are needed in Child- and Adolescent Psychiatry. RADS-2 is an internationally established measure, and the Swedish version is now validated in a relatively large school sample. Item response theory has several advantages compared to classical test theory. We have translated eight PROMIS item banks to Swedish, and two of them, anxiety and depressive symptoms, have been validated with IRT in a school- and patient sample.
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| 45. |
- Blomqvist, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Increase of internalized mental health symptoms among adolescents during the last three decades
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 29:5, s. 925-931
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Previous studies suggest an overall increase of adolescent mental health symptoms globally since the 1980s until today, especially an increase of internalizing symptoms in girls. Due to methodological limitations of these studies, further studies are warranted to obtain a more solid knowledgebase.Methods: This study was cross-sectional and compared two separate but geographically identical groups of adolescents in a middle-sized industrial municipality in Northern Sweden at two time-points [(i) 1981, n = 1083, (505 girls, 577 boys), response rate 99.7%; (ii) 2014, n = 682, (338 girls, 344 boys), response rate 98.3%]. All students in their last year of compulsory school were included. The same self-report questionnaire, consisting of four sub-scales (functional somatic-, anxiety-, depressive symptoms and conduct problems), was used at both occasions. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, two-way ANOVA and general linear model.Results: Symptoms of anxiety and depression and functional somatic symptoms, increased among both boys and girls from 1981 until 2014 (P < 0.001 for all subscales), and the increase of these symptoms was higher in girls. Conduct problems were significantly higher in boys in 1981 and decreased over time so that in 2014 there was no longer a significant difference between boys and girls regarding conduct problems (P = 0.286).Conclusion: In this population-based study spanning over 30 years, both girls and boys showed increasing internalizing problems, while conduct problems decreased. To halt this trend, we need a deeper understanding of the impact of the major societal changes that have occurred during the last three decades.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Blomqvist, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish translation and cross-cultural adaptation of eight pediatric item banks from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)(R)
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2509-8020. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background This study is part of the Swedish initiative for the establishment of standardized, modern patient-reported measures for national use in Swedish healthcare. The goal was to translate and culturally adapt eight pediatric Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS(R)) item banks (anger, anxiety, depressive symptoms, family relationships, fatigue, pain interference, peer relationships and physical activity) into Swedish. Methods Authorization to translate all currently available pediatric PROMIS item banks (autumn, 2016) into Swedish was obtained from the PROMIS Health Organization. The translation followed the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy translation recommendations with one major modification, which was the use of a bilingual multi-professional review workshop. The following steps were applied: translation, reconciliation, a two-day multi professional reviewer workshop, back translation, and cognitive debriefing with eleven children (8-17 years) before final review. The bilingual multi-professional review workshop provided a simultaneous, in-depth assessment from different professionals. The group consisted of questionnaire design experts, researchers experienced in using patient-reported measures in healthcare, linguists, and pediatric healthcare professionals. Results All item banks had translation issues that needed to be resolved. Twenty-four items (20.7%) needed resolution at the final review stage after cognitive debriefing. The issues with translations included 1. Lack of matching definitions with items across languages (6 items); 2. Problems related to language, vocabulary, and cultural differences (6 items); and 3. Difficulties in adaptation to age-appropriate language (12 items). Conclusions The translated and adapted versions of the eight Swedish pediatric PROMIS item banks are linguistically acceptable. The next stage will be cross-cultural validation studies in Sweden. Despite the fact that there are cultural differences between Sweden and the United States, our translation processes have successfully managed to address all issues. Expert review groups from already-established networks and processes regarding pediatric healthcare throughout the country will facilitate the future implementation of pediatric PROMIS item banks in Sweden.
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| 48. |
- Blomqvist, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of the Swedish version of the Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale second edition (RADS-2) in a normative sample
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 75:4, s. 292-300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Due to the sharp global increase in prevalence of adolescent major depressive disorder as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, we need internationally validated tools for multi-dimensional assessment. Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale second edition (RADS-2) measures dysphoric mood, anhedonia/negative affect, negative self-evaluation and somatic complaints and is widely used internationally, but not yet available in Swedish.Aim: The aim of this study is to test the psychometric characteristics of the Swedish version of RADS-2 in a normative sample.Material and method: Data was gathered from junior and high school students in Northern Sweden (N = 637). We performed: 1. Confirmatory factor analysis to examine the 4-factor structure proposed by Reynolds, 2. Measurement invariance analysis for sex (girls, boys) and age group (12-15 years, 16-20 years). 3. Reliability testing and 4. Tests for concurrent, discriminant and convergent validity using Beck's Youth Inventories of Emotional and Social Impairment Depression and Anger subscales, the Patient Reported Outcome Measurements Information System, Anxiety and Friends subscales and the World Health Organization Wellness Index.Results: The sample consisted of n = 637 students (n = 389 girls and n = 248 boys), mean age 15.73 (SD = 1.76); 12-20 years. The 4-factor structure was confirmed, as well as measurement invariance for sex and age group. Reliability was acceptable to excellent for all subscales and RADS-2 total scale. Concurrent, convergent and discriminant validity was good.Conclusion: The Swedish version of RADS-2 showed acceptable reliability and validity in a Swedish normative sample.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Blomqvist, Kerstin, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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What happens when you involve patients as experts? : a participatory action research project at a renal failure unit
- 2010
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Ingår i: Nursing Inquiry. - 1320-7881 .- 1440-1800. ; 17:4, s. 317-323
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although there is a trend towards developing health care in a patient-centred direction, changes are usually planned by the professionals without involving the patients. This paper presents an ongoing participatory action research project where patients with chronic renal failure, nurses at a specialist renal failure unit, a hospital manager and a researcher worked together to develop patient-centred care. The project combined the expertise of patients in their own experiences of living with a chronic condition with the professional expertise of nurses, the manager and the researcher. As the workload on the unit was uneven, the development work needed to be low in intensity but long-term. Based on a number of dialogues in focus groups, four main development areas were identified; access to test results, prerequisites for postponing the progress of the illness, general awareness and understanding of living with chronic renal failure, and family-focused care. A number of changes have been planned or implemented, such as developing a prototype for a web-based feed-back system, expanding patient education to newly diagnosed patients, steering the nurses' role towards a guiding and family-focused function, and planning a digital story-telling workshop. Involving committed people who have the mandate to change practices were prerequisites for success.
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