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- Sachdev, P. S., et al.
(författare)
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STROKOG (stroke and cognition consortium): An international consortium to examine the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of neurocognitive disorders in relation to cerebrovascular disease
- 2017
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 7, s. 11-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction The Stroke and Cognition consortium (STROKOG) aims to facilitate a better understanding of the determinants of vascular contributions to cognitive disorders and help improve the diagnosis and treatment of vascular cognitive disorders (VCD). Methods Longitudinal studies with ≥75 participants who had suffered or were at risk of stroke or TIA and which evaluated cognitive function were invited to join STROKOG. The consortium will facilitate projects investigating rates and patterns of cognitive decline, risk factors for VCD, and biomarkers of vascular dementia. Results Currently, STROKOG includes 25 (21 published) studies, with 12,092 participants from five continents. The duration of follow-up ranges from 3months to 21years. Discussion Although data harmonization will be a key challenge, STROKOG is in a unique position to reuse and combine international cohort data and fully explore patient level characteristics and outcomes. STROKOG could potentially transform our understanding of VCD and have a worldwide impact on promoting better vascular cognitive outcomes. © 2016 The Authors
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Heléne, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Trauma-induced reactive gliosis is reduced after treatment with octanol and carbenoxolone
- 2011
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Ingår i: Neurological research. - 0161-6412. ; 33:6, s. 614-624
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Reactive gliosis and scar formation after brain injury can inhibit the recovery process. As many glial cells utilize gap junctions for intercellular signaling, this study investigated whether two commonly used gap junction blockers, octanol and carbenoxolone, could attenuate reactive gliosis following a minor traumatic brain injury. Methods: Octanol (710 mg/kg) or carbenoxolone (90 mg/kg) was administered 30 minutes before or after a needle track injury in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. To mark dividing cells, animals were injected with bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU; 150 mg/kg) intraperitoneally two times per day, 8 hours apart and killed 2 days later. Immunohistochemistry for BrdU and markers for reactive glial cells [glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), ED1, and NG2] were investigated using immunohistochemistry and western blot techniques. Results: Two days after injury, increased cellular proliferation, activated astrocytes and microglia, and upregulation of NG2 expression were observed surrounding the injury site. Octanol and carbenoxolone administrated prior to injury significantly decreased cell proliferation by 60 and 70% respectively. The distance of GFAP immunoreactive astrocytes from the wound margin was decreased by 32 and 18% when octanol was administrated prior to or post injury respectively. Treatment with octanol also decreased the number of reactive microglia by 55% and, when administrated prior to injury, octanol reduced the distance of NG2 expression from the wound by 48%. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that two important components of reactive gliosis, cellular activation and proliferation, can be attenuated by octanol and carbenoxolone.
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| 4. |
- Blomstrand, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in plasma concentrations of aromatic and branched-chain amino acids during sustained exercise in man and their possible role in fatigue.
- 1988
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Ingår i: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6772 .- 1365-201X. ; 133:1, s. 115-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The plasma concentrations of branched-chain and aromatic amino acids have been measured in two different types of sustained dynamic exercise. Twenty-two subjects participated in the 1986 Stockholm Marathon and eight subjects took part in an army training programme of approximately 1.5-h duration. Both types of exercise caused a significant decrease in the plasma concentration of branched-chain amino acids, while there was no change in the concentration of total (free plus bound to albumin) tryptophan. The plasma concentration of free tryptophan, which was measured in the marathon runners, was found to increase 2.4-fold during the race. This increase is probably caused by a pronounced elevation in the concentration of plasma free fatty acids during exercise, since these are known to displace tryptophan from albumin. The observed increase in plasma free tryptophan concentration, together with the decrease in plasma concentration of branched-chain amino acids, gives rise to a marked increase in the plasma concentration ratio of free tryptophan/branched-chain amino acids. This should lead to an increase in the rate of transport of tryptophan across the blood-brain barrier and hence to an increase in the rate of synthesis of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the brain. An elevated concentration of 5-HT in specific areas of the brain may be responsible, at least in part, for the development of physical, and/or mental fatigue during prolonged exercise.
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| 6. |
- Burke, L M, et al.
(författare)
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BJSM reviews : A-Z of nutritional supplements
- 2009
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Ingår i: British Journal of Sports Medicine. - : BMJ. - 0306-3674 .- 1473-0480. ; 43:14, s. 1088-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Hansson, H, et al.
(författare)
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Glutamate induced astroglial swelling
- 1997
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Ingår i: On astrocytes and glutamate neurotransmission. - : Neuroscience Intelligence Unit, Springer, R.G. Landes Company. - 9780412134715 ; , s. 106-120, s. 155-187
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 10. |
- Hult, L., et al.
(författare)
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Post systolic shortening by speckle tracking echocardiography as a predictor for cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press. - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 43, s. 923-923
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Post systolic shortening (PSS), measured by speckle tracking echocardiography has emerged as a novel method to evaluate left ventricular function and has been linked to adverse outcomes. Purpose: Our aim was to assess if the presence of pathological PSS had prognostic value in the prediction of major cardiovascular events in a cohort of patients with type-II diabetes (T2D). Method: Three-hundred-and-sixty-four patients with T2D in the CARDIPP study (Cardiovascular Risk factors in Patients with Diabetes – a Prospective study in Primary care) underwent echocardiography between 2005 and 2009. All patients were evaluated with strain analysis by speckle tracking. PSS was defined as any myocardial contraction occurring after aortic valve closure (Figure 1). Pathological PSS was defined as a post systolic index (PSI) >5% where PSI was calculated as: (peak global longitudinal strain – peak systolic longitudinal strain) / (peak global longitudinal strain) x 100. The composite endpoint of any major cardiovascular event (MACE) was defined as the diagnosis of or death in heart failure, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Cox proportional hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated and were adjusted for sex, age, body mass index, hypertension, smoking, previous cardiovascular events and HbA1c. Results: Mean follow-up time was 11.2±2.3 years. Patients with pathological PSS had an increased unadjusted risk of MACE, (HR 3.73, 95% CI 2.06–6.76), which persisted after adjustment (HR 2.20, 95% CI 1.11–4.37) as compared to subjects without pathological PSS. When adding PSS to a risk prediction model including Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS), the adjusted HR (95% CI) for MACE was 2.94 (1.33–6.52) for subjects with reduced GLS (lower limit of normal −16%) and PSI >5%, compared to those with normal GLS and PSI ≤5%. Adverse events were more common in subjects with the combination of pathological PSS and GLS (Figure 2). Conclusions: Our results suggest that PSS may provide important additional prognostic information in patients with T2D.
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| 11. |
- Sadar, MD, et al.
(författare)
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Induction of CYP1A1 by GABA receptor ligands
- 1996
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Ingår i: Biochemical and biophysical research communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-291X. ; 229:1, s. 231-237
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 15. |
- Werlenius, Katja, et al.
(författare)
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A randomized phase II trial of efficacy and safety of the immunotherapy ALECSAT as an adjunct to radiotherapy and temozolomide for newly diagnosed glioblastoma.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Neuro-oncology advances. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2632-2498. ; 3:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is an urgent need for effective treatments against glioblastoma (GBM). In this trial, we investigated the efficacy and safety of an adoptive cell-based immunotherapy.Patients with newly diagnosed GBM were recruited at 4 study sites in Sweden. The patients were randomized 1:2 to receive either radiotherapy (RT), 60 Gy/30 fractions, with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) only, or RT and TMZ with the addition of Autologous Lymphoid Effector Cells Specific Against Tumor (ALECSAT) in an open-label phase II trial. The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary endpoints were survival and safety of ALECSAT.Sixty-two patients were randomized to either standard of care (SOC) with RT and TMZ alone (n = 22) or SOC with ALECSAT (n = 40). Median age was 57 years (range 38-69), 95% of the patients were in good performance status (WHO 0-1). There was no significant difference between the study arms (SOC vs ALECSAT + SOC) in PFS (7.9 vs 7.8 months; hazard ratio [HR] 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.70-2.36; P = .42) or in median overall survival (OS) (18.3 vs 19.2 months; HR 1.16, 95% CI 0.58-2.31; P = .67). The treatment groups were balanced in terms of serious adverse events (52.4% vs 52.5%), but adverse events ≥grade 3 were more common in the experimental arm (81.0% vs 92.5%).Addition of ALECSAT immunotherapy to standard treatment with radiochemotherapy was well tolerated but did not improve PFS or OS for patients with newly diagnosed GBM.
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| 16. |
- Åberg, N David, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Relationship between Levels of Pre-Stroke Physical Activity and Post-Stroke Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
- 2020
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Ingår i: Biomedicines. - : MDPI AG. - 2227-9059. ; 8:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Physical activity (PA) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) have beneficial effects for patients who have suffered an ischemic stroke (stroke). However, the relationship between the levels of PA and IGF-I after stroke has not been explored in detail. We investigated the pre-stroke PA level in relation to the post-stroke serum IGF-I (s-IGF-I) level, at baseline and at 3 months after the index stroke, and calculated the change that occurred between these two time-points (Delta IGF-I). Patients (N = 380; 63.4% males; mean age, 54.7 years) with data on 1-year leisure-time pre-stroke PA and post-stroke s-IGF-I levels were included from the Sahlgrenska Academy Study on Ischemic Stroke (SAHLSIS). Stroke severity was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Pre-stroke, leisure-time PA was self-reported as PA1-4, with PA1 representing sedentary and PA2-4 indicating progressively higher PA levels. Associations between s-IGF-I and PA were evaluated by multiple linear regressions with PA1 as the reference and adjustments being made for sex, age, history of previous stroke or myocardial infarctions, cardiovascular risk factors, and stroke severity. PA correlated with baseline s-IGF-I and Delta IGF-I, but not with the 3-month s-IGF-I. In the linear regressions, there were corresponding associations that remained as a tendency (baseline s-IGF-I, p = 0.06) or as a significant effect (Delta IGF-I, p = 0.03) after all the adjustments. Specifically, for each unit of PA, Delta IGF-I increased by 9.7 (95% CI 1,1-18.4) ng/mL after full adjustment. This supports the notion that pre-stroke PA is independently related to Delta IGF-I.
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