| 1. |
- Bombarda, F., et al.
(författare)
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Runaway electron beam control
- 2019
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Ingår i: Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1361-6587 .- 0741-3335. ; 61:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
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- 2018
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Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 58:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Krasilnikov, A., et al.
(författare)
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Evidence of 9 Be + p nuclear reactions during 2ω CH and hydrogen minority ICRH in JET-ILW hydrogen and deuterium plasmas
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 58:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The intensity of 9Be + p nuclear fusion reactions was experimentally studied during second harmonic (2ω CH) ion-cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) and further analyzed during fundamental hydrogen minority ICRH of JET-ILW hydrogen and deuterium plasmas. In relatively low-density plasmas with a high ICRH power, a population of fast H+ ions was created and measured by neutral particle analyzers. Primary and secondary nuclear reaction products, due to 9Be + p interaction, were observed with fast ion loss detectors, γ-ray spectrometers and neutron flux monitors and spectrometers. The possibility of using 9Be(p, d)2α and 9Be(p, α)6Li nuclear reactions to create a population of fast alpha particles and study their behaviour in non-active stage of ITER operation is discussed in the paper.
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Overview of the JET results
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 0029-5515 .- 1741-4326. ; 55:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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- 2018
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Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 58:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 27. |
- De Leoz, M. L. A., et al.
(författare)
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NIST Interlaboratory Study on Glycosylation Analysis of Monoclonal Antibodies: Comparison of Results from Diverse Analytical Methods
- 2020
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Ingår i: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. - 1535-9476. ; 19:1, s. 11-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A broad-based interlaboratory study of glycosylation profiles of a reference and modified IgG antibody involving 103 reports from 76 laboratories. Glycosylation is a topic of intense current interest in the development of biopharmaceuticals because it is related to drug safety and efficacy. This work describes results of an interlaboratory study on the glycosylation of the Primary Sample (PS) of NISTmAb, a monoclonal antibody reference material. Seventy-six laboratories from industry, university, research, government, and hospital sectors in Europe, North America, Asia, and Australia submitted a total of 103 reports on glycan distributions. The principal objective of this study was to report and compare results for the full range of analytical methods presently used in the glycosylation analysis of mAbs. Therefore, participation was unrestricted, with laboratories choosing their own measurement techniques. Protein glycosylation was determined in various ways, including at the level of intact mAb, protein fragments, glycopeptides, or released glycans, using a wide variety of methods for derivatization, separation, identification, and quantification. Consequently, the diversity of results was enormous, with the number of glycan compositions identified by each laboratory ranging from 4 to 48. In total, one hundred sixteen glycan compositions were reported, of which 57 compositions could be assigned consensus abundance values. These consensus medians provide community-derived values for NISTmAb PS. Agreement with the consensus medians did not depend on the specific method or laboratory type. The study provides a view of the current state-of-the-art for biologic glycosylation measurement and suggests a clear need for harmonization of glycosylation analysis methods.
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| 28. |
- Cassetta, L, et al.
(författare)
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Differential expansion of circulating human MDSC subsets in patients with cancer, infection and inflammation
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal for immunotherapy of cancer. - : BMJ. - 2051-1426. ; 8:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are a functional myeloid cell subset that includes myeloid cells with immune suppressive properties. The presence of MDSC has been reported in the peripheral blood of patients with several malignant and non-malignant diseases. So far, direct comparison of MDSC across different diseases and Centers is hindered by technical pitfalls and a lack of standardized methodology. To overcome this issue, we formed a network through the COST Action Mye-EUNITER (www.mye-euniter.eu) with the goal to standardize and facilitate the comparative analysis of human circulating MDSC in cancer, inflammation and infection. In this manuscript, we present the results of the multicenter study Mye-EUNITER MDSC Monitoring Initiative, that involved 13 laboratories and compared circulating MDSC subsets across multiple diseases, using a common protocol for the isolation, identification and characterization of these cells.MethodsWe developed, tested, executed and optimized a standard operating procedure for the isolation and immunophenotyping of MDSC using blood from healthy donors. We applied this procedure to the blood of almost 400 patients and controls with different solid tumors and non-malignant diseases. The latter included viral infections such as HIV and hepatitis B virus, but also psoriasis and cardiovascular disorders.ResultsWe observed that the frequency of MDSC in healthy donors varied substantially between centers and was influenced by technical aspects such as the anticoagulant and separation method used. Expansion of polymorphonuclear (PMN)-MDSC exceeded the expansion of monocytic MDSC (M-MDSC) in five out of six solid tumors. PMN-MDSC expansion was more pronounced in cancer compared with infection and inflammation. Programmed death-ligand 1 was primarily expressed in M-MDSC and e-MDSC and was not upregulated as a consequence of disease. LOX-1 expression was confined to PMN-MDSC.ConclusionsThis study provides improved technical protocols and workflows for the multi-center analysis of circulating human MDSC subsets. Application of these workflows revealed a predominant expansion of PMN-MDSC in solid tumors that exceeds expansion in chronic infection and inflammation.
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| 31. |
- Bodnar, Olha, senior lecturer, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Application of Bayesian model averaging using a fixed effects model with linear drift for the analysis of key comparison CCM.P-K12
- 2013
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Ingår i: Measurement techniques. - : Springer-Verlag New York. - 0543-1972 .- 1573-8906. ; 56:6, s. 584-590
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we extend a recently proposed procedure for the analysis of key comparison data to the case where the traveling standard shows a linear drift. The procedure is based on a fixed effects model and assumes that a certain number of the laboratories measure without bias. The analysis is carried out by applying Bayesian model averaging to all possible different models, each assuming zero biases for a different subset of laboratories. The method is applied to the key comparison CCM.P-K12.
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| 32. |
- Jousten, K., et al.
(författare)
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Final report of key comparison CCM.P-K12 for very low helium flow rates (leak rates)
- 2013
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Ingår i: Metrologia. - : IOP Publishing Ltd.. - 0026-1394 .- 1681-7575. ; 50:Suppl.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Quantitative leak tests with vacuum technology have become an important tool in industry for safety and operational reasons and to meet environmental regulations. In the absence of a relevant key comparison, so far, there are no calibration measurement capabilities published in the BIPM data base. To enable national metrology institutes providing service for leak rate calibrations to apply for these entries in the data base and to ensure international equivalence in this field, key comparison CCM.P-K12 was organized. The goal of this comparison was to compare the national calibration standards and procedures for helium leak rates. Two helium permeation leak elements of 4×10−11 mol/s (L1) and 8×10−14 mol/s (L2) served as transfer standards and were measured by 11 national metrology institutes for L1 and 6 national metrology institutes for L2. Equivalence could be shown for 8 laboratories in the case of L1 and for all 6 in the case of L2. Three different evaluation methods were applied and are presented in this report, but the random effects model was accepted as most suitable in our case.
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| 33. |
- Bodnár, K., et al.
(författare)
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Promotion of Mefenamic Acid Nucleation by a Surfactant Additive, Docusate Sodium
- 2019
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Ingår i: Crystal Growth and Design. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1528-7483 .- 1528-7505. ; 19:2, s. 591-603
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of docusate sodium (DOSS) on the nucleation of mefenamic acid (MEF) has been studied in different dimethylacetamide (DMA)-water mixtures. A series of induction time experiments were conducted under moderate supersaturations, varying the solvent composition and the concentration of DOSS. In 40% DMA-60% water, the presence of 0.1 and 0.2 mg/mL DOSS increased the nucleation rate. Evaluating the results by the classical nucleation theory reveals that the pre-exponential factor (A) increases by approximately 50% while the interfacial energy is essentially uninfluenced. It is also found that the crystal growth rate becomes higher in the presence of DOSS. It is thus hypothesized that transport and desolvation of MEF molecules are facilitated in the presence of DOSS. With increasing amount of DMA in the binary solvent mixture, the influence of DOSS appears to decrease.
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| 34. |
- Bodnar, K., et al.
(författare)
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Stepwise use of additives for improved control over formation & stability of mefenamic acid nanocrystals produced by antisolvent precipitation
- 2017
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Ingår i: Crystal Growth and Design. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1528-7483 .- 1528-7505. ; 17:2, s. 454-466
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method of introducing different additives at different times during the process, i.e., stepwise addition of additives, has been developed to produce stable nanoparticles of mefenamic acid (MEF) by antisolvent precipitation. In the absence of additives, at optimized conditions, MEF crystals were prepared in the size range of 0.25-3.05 μm; however, these crystals formed large agglomerates in suspension (∼12.1 μm). In the presence of all additives evaluated, with the exception of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), smaller particles were produced in suspension, the most effective additive being sodium docusate (DOSS), generating nanoparticles, ∼312 nm in size. However, the particle size was not stable but increased to ∼788 nm after 80 min in suspension associated with a polymorphic transformation. Combining the initial use of DOSS with the subsequent addition of HPMC or poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) allowed for the production of a stable suspension of MEF nanocrystals (∼317 and ∼311 nm, respectively). The interaction of HPMC and PVA with MEF particles delayed polymorphic transformation by inhibiting nucleation and/or growth of the stable MEF polymorph. The results show that using stepwise addition of additives, separately targeting nucleation and crystal growth/phase transformation, can improve the manufacturing and stabilization of nanocrystal suspensions.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Bodnar, Taras, et al.
(författare)
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Direct shrinkage estimation of large dimensional precision matrix
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Multivariate Analysis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0047-259X .- 1095-7243. ; 146, s. 223-236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work we construct an optimal shrinkage estimator for the precision matrix in high dimensions. We consider the general asymptotics when the number of variables p -> infinity and the sample size n -> infinity so that p/n -> c is an element of (0, +infinity). The precision matrix is estimated directly, without inverting the corresponding estimator for the covariance matrix. The recent results from random matrix theory allow us to find the asymptotic deterministic equivalents of the optimal shrinkage intensities and estimate them consistently. The resulting distribution-free estimator has almost surely the minimum Frobenius loss. Additionally, we prove that the Frobenius norms of the inverse and of the pseudo-inverse sample covariance matrices tend almost surely to deterministic quantities and estimate them consistently. Using this result, we construct a bona fide optimal linear shrinkage estimator for the precision matrix in case c < 1. At the end, a simulation is provided where the suggested estimator is compared with the estimators proposed in the literature. The optimal shrinkage estimator shows significant improvement even for non-normally distributed data.
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| 37. |
- Bodnar, Taras, et al.
(författare)
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Statistical Inference for the Beta Coefficient
- 2019
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Ingår i: Risks. - : MDPI AG. - 2227-9091. ; 7:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The beta coefficient plays a crucial role in finance as a risk measure of a portfolio in comparison to the benchmark portfolio. In the paper, we investigate statistical properties of the sample estimator for the beta coefficient. Assuming that both the holding portfolio and the benchmark portfolio consist of the same assets whose returns are multivariate normally distributed, we provide the finite sample and the asymptotic distributions of the sample estimator for the beta coefficient. These findings are used to derive a statistical test for the beta coefficient and to construct a confidence interval for the beta coefficient. Moreover, we show that the sample estimator is an unbiased estimator for the beta coefficient. The theoretical results are implemented in an empirical study.
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| 41. |
- Mocsar, Gabor, et al.
(författare)
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MHC I Expression Regulates Co-clustering and Mobility of Interleukin-2 and-15 Receptors in T Cells
- 2016
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Ingår i: Biophysical Journal. - : Cell Press. - 0006-3495 .- 1542-0086. ; 111:1, s. 100-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- MHC glycoproteins form supramolecular clusters with interleukin-2 and -15 receptors in lipid rafts of T cells. The role of highly expressed MHC I in maintaining these clusters is unknown. We knocked down MHC I in FT7.10 human T cells, and studied protein clustering at two hierarchic levels: molecular aggregations and mobility by Forster resonance energy transfer and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy; and segregation into larger domains or superclusters by superresolution stimulated emission depletion microscopy. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy-based molecular brightness analysis revealed that the studied molecules diffused as tight aggregates of several proteins of a kind. Knockdown reduced the number of MHC I containing molecular aggregates and their average MHC I content, and decreased the heteroassociation of MHC I with IL-2R alpha/IL-15R alpha. The mobility of not only MHC I but also that of IL-2R alpha/IL-15R alpha increased, corroborating the general size decrease of tight aggregates. A multifaceted analysis of stimulated emission depletion images revealed that the diameter of MHC I superclusters diminished from 400-600 to 200-300 nm, whereas those of IL-2R alpha/IL-15R alpha hardly changed. MHC I and IL-2R alpha/IL-15R alpha colocalized with GM1 ganglioside-rich lipid rafts, but MHC I clusters retracted to smaller subsets of GM1-and IL-2R alpha/IL-15R alpha-rich areas upon knockdown. Our results prove that changes in expression level may significantly alter the organization and mobility of interacting membrane proteins.
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Spinelli, L., et al.
(författare)
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Determination of reference values for optical properties of liquid phantoms based on Intralipid and India ink
- 2014
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Ingår i: Biomedical Optics Express. - : Optical Society of America. - 2156-7085. ; 5:7, s. 2037-2053
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A multi-center study has been set up to accurately characterize the optical properties of diffusive liquid phantoms based on Intralipid and India ink at near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths. Nine research laboratories from six countries adopting different measurement techniques, instrumental set-ups, and data analysis methods determined at their best the optical properties and relative uncertainties of diffusive dilutions prepared with common samples of the two compounds. By exploiting a suitable statistical model, comprehensive reference values at three NIR wavelengths for the intrinsic absorption coefficient of India ink and the intrinsic reduced scattering coefficient of Intralipid-20% were determined with an uncertainty of about 2% or better, depending on the wavelength considered, and 1%, respectively. Even if in this study we focused on particular batches of India ink and Intralipid, the reference values determined here represent a solid and useful starting point for preparing diffusive liquid phantoms with accurately defined optical properties. Furthermore, due to the ready availability, low cost, long-term stability and batch-to-batch reproducibility of these compounds, they provide a unique fundamental tool for the calibration and performance assessment of diffuse optical spectroscopy instrumentation intended to be used in laboratory or clinical environment. Finally, the collaborative work presented here demonstrates that the accuracy level attained in this work for optical properties of diffusive phantoms is reliable.
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