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- Boldeman, C, et al.
(författare)
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Sunbed use among Swedish adolescents in the 1990s: a decline with an unchanged relationship to health risk behaviors
- 2003
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of public health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 31:3, s. 233-237
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Sunbed use is common among adolescents, and may give an increment to UV exposure and an overall skin cancer risk comparable to that of the sun. Sunbed use was studied among 15- to 19-year-old adolescents in Stockholm County. Methods: Data from two questionnaire surveys (1,252 respondents in 1993, and 2,950 respondents in 1999, survey tool partly revised) were analysed. By stepwise binary logistic regression the occurrence of sunbed use was assessed and analysed versus sunbed erythema, skin type, outdoor tanning, sunscreen use and smoking. Results: Sunbed use declined between the surveys. In 1993, 70% of females, and 44% of males used sunbeds; in 1999, these were 45% and 19% respectively. Sunbeds were used against user recommendations. Of the sunbed users in 1993, 45% and 43% reported sunbed erythema; in 1999, 29% and 19% did so. Sunbed erythema, though related to sun sensitivity, occurred in all skin types. In both surveys, sunbed use was positively related to moderately sensitive skin type (females), outdoor tanning, and smoking (females). Smoking was a strong predictor for sunbed use among females in both surveys. Conclusions: Even though different survey tools were used, and in spite of a decline in sunbed use, sunbed erythema was still common, and the relation to other health risk behaviour remained. Further research on sunbed use and its role in the aggregation of health risk behaviours in vulnerable ages is warranted, particularly its relation to outdoor tanning and smoking. A national and international harmonization of survey tools is also recommended for improved comparability.
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- Johansson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Emotional state after the trip to school and associations with children’s attitude towards sustainable mobility patterns
- 2010
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Ingår i: IAPS 21 Conference, Abstracts of Presentations.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A sustainable development of the built environment asks for changes in urban residents’ mobility patterns. The extensive use of the car contributes to sedentary lifestyle and negative environmental impact in many respects. Children living in urban areas are faced with limits of their independent use of the environment both in terms of travel and outdoor play. Many parents hold favourable attitudes towards sustainable ways of mobility for their children, at least as long as the children are accompanied by an adult. In reality however many of the children’s daily trips are carried out by car. Parents’ are thereby also risking that their own present unsustainable daily mobility patterns are transferred to the next generation. Our modal choice is partly a result of affective factors. Nilsson and Küller (2000) showed that urban residents who expressed affection for their car also travelled more by car. Gatersleben and Uzzell (2007) showed that commuting by cycle to work was beneficent for the commuter’s affective state. Children seem to like to walk and cycle, to move around by kick bikes and skateboard. How does physical active travel influence their emotional state? Is the children’s emotional response towards their way of travel also associated with their attitude towards different mobility patterns in travel and play? These are some of the research questions that are to be analysed within the interdisciplinary research programme “Children on foot”. The research is carried out in cooperation between The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lund University, Karolinska Institute and The Linneaus University. Theoretically the study departs from Küller’s (1991) model of Human-Environment-Interaction stating that a person’s successful interaction with the environment can be seen as a result of a basic emotional process that takes into consideration the activity to be carried out by a person, characteristics of the physical and social environment with consideration for individual factors. In the basic emotional process, the core affects of arousal and pleasure are two crucial components. These core affects have been shown to be the basic units of emotions and are linked to distinct patters of brain activity. During one week in September 2009 over 200 10-year old Swedish children reported how they travelled to school and assessed their emotional state by a paper and pencil test as soon as they arrived at school. At one point during the week the children rated their preference of various travel modes and leisure activities in a separate questionnaire. The travel modes and activities had previously been assessed by experts to give rise to different levels of energy expenditure. Moreover data was collected for the children’s daily physical activity by pedometer. The paper will within the symposium “Sustainable everyday mobility patterns in urban childhoods” present the results of correlational analyses of these data and discuss the implications of possibilities to travel to school for development of sustainable mobility patterns among children in urban areas
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