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- Asdahl, Peter Haubjerg, et al.
(author)
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Gastrointestinal and liver disease in Adult Life After Childhood Cancer in Scandinavia : A population-based cohort study
- 2016
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In: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136. ; 139:7, s. 1501-1511
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Survival after childhood cancer diagnosis has remarkably improved, but emerging evidence suggests that cancer-directed therapy may have adverse gastrointestinal late effects. We aimed to comprehensively assess the frequency of gastrointestinal and liver late effects among childhood cancer survivors and compare this frequency with the general population. Our population-based cohort study included all 1-year survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden diagnosed from the 1940s and 1950s. Our outcomes of interest were hospitalization rates for gastrointestinal and liver diseases, which were ascertained from national patient registries. We calculated standardized hospitalization rate ratios (RRs) and absolute excess rates comparing hospitalizations of any gastrointestinal or liver disease and for specific disease entities between survivors and the general population. The study included 31,132 survivors and 207,041 comparison subjects. The median follow-up in the hospital registries were 10 years (range: 0-42) with 23% of the survivors being followed at least to the age of 40 years. Overall, survivors had a 60% relative excess of gastrointestinal or liver diseases [RR: 1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.6-1.7], which corresponds to an absolute excess of 360 (95% CI: 330-390) hospitalizations per 100,000 person-years. Survivors of hepatic tumors, neuroblastoma and leukemia had the highest excess of gastrointestinal and liver diseases. In addition, we observed a relative excess of several specific diseases such as esophageal stricture (RR: 13; 95% CI: 9.2-20) and liver cirrhosis (RR: 2.9; 95% CI: 2.0-4.1). Our findings provide useful information about the breadth and magnitude of late complications among childhood cancer survivors and can be used for generating hypotheses about potential exposures related to these gastrointestinal and liver late effects.
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| 2. |
- Bonnesen, Trine Gade, et al.
(author)
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Liver diseases in Adult Life after Childhood Cancer in Scandinavia (ALiCCS) : A population-based cohort study of 32,839 one-year survivors
- 2018
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In: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136. ; 142:4, s. 702-708
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Information on late onset liver complications after childhood cancer is scarce. To ensure an appropriate follow-up of childhood cancer survivors and reducing late liver complications, the need for comprehensive and accurate information is presented. We evaluate the risk of liver diseases in a large childhood cancer survivor cohort. We included all 1-year survivors of childhood cancer treated in the five Nordic countries. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate hospitalisation rate (hazard) ratios (HRs) for each liver outcome according to type of cancer. We used the risk among survivors of central nervous system tumour as internal reference. With a median follow-up time of 10 years, 659 (2%) survivors had been hospitalised at least once for a liver disease. The risk for hospitalisation for any liver disease was high after hepatic tumour (HR = 6.9) and leukaemia (HR = 1.7). The Danish sub-cohort of leukaemia treated with haematopoietic stem cell transplantation had a substantially higher risk for hospitalisation for all liver diseases combined (HR = 3.8). Viral hepatitis accounted for 286 of 659 hospitalisations corresponding to 43% of all survivors hospitalised for liver disease. The 20-year cumulative risk of viral hepatitis was 1.8% for survivors diagnosed with cancer before 1990 but only 0.3% for those diagnosed after 1990. The risk of liver disease was low but significantly increased among survivors of hepatic tumours and leukaemia. Further studies with focus on the different treatment modalities are needed to further strengthen the prevention of treatment-induced late liver complications.
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| 3. |
- Bonnesen, Trine Gade, et al.
(author)
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Long-term risk of renal and urinary tract diseases in childhood cancer survivors : A population-based cohort study
- 2016
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In: European Journal of Cancer. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-8049. ; 64, s. 52-61
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Childhood cancer has been associated with long-term risk of urinary tract diseases, but risk patterns remain to be comprehensively investigated. We analysed the lifetime risk of urinary tract diseases in survivors of childhood cancer in the Nordic countries. Methods We identified 32,519 one-year survivors of childhood cancer diagnosed since the 1940s and 1950s in the five Nordic cancer registries and selected 211,156 population comparisons of a corresponding age, sex, and country of residence from the national population registries. To obtain information on all first-time hospitalizations for a urinary tract disease, we linked all study subjects to the national hospital registry of each country. Relative risks (RRs) and absolute excess risks (AERs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for urinary tract diseases among cancer survivors were calculated with the appropriate morbidity rates among comparisons as reference. Results We observed 1645 childhood cancer survivors ever hospitalized for urinary tract disease yielding an RR of 2.5 (95% CI 2.4-2.7) and an AER of 229 (95% CI 210-248) per 100,000 person-years. The cumulative risk at age 60 was 22% in cancer survivors and 10% in comparisons. Infections of the urinary system and chronic kidney disease showed the highest excess risks, whereas survivors of neuroblastoma, hepatic and renal tumours experienced the highest RRs. Conclusion Survivors of childhood cancer had an excess risk of urinary tract diseases and for most diseases the risk remained elevated throughout life. The highest risks occurred following therapy of childhood abdominal tumours.
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| 5. |
- Høgsholt, Stine, et al.
(author)
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Disease-specific hospitalizations among 5-year survivors of Wilms tumor : A Nordic population-based cohort study
- 2021
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In: Pediatric Blood and Cancer. - : Wiley. - 1545-5009 .- 1545-5017. ; 68:5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: With modern therapy, over 90% of Wilms tumor patients can expect to become long-term survivors, and focus on morbidity and late effects become increasingly important. We provide a novel evaluation and insight to subsequent hospitalizations in 5-year survivors of Wilms tumor. Methods: As part of the Adult Life after Childhood Cancer in Scandinavia (ALiCCS) study, we identified 5-year survivors of Wilms tumor. Based on stratified random sampling, we constructed a population comparison cohort. Outcomes of interest were overall hospitalizations; hospitalizations for specific organ systems and disease-specific categories. Standardized hospitalization rate ratios (SHRR) and absolute excess risks (AER) were calculated. Results: We included 913, 5-year survivors of Wilms tumor and 152 231 population comparisons. Survivors of Wilms tumor had an increased overall risk of being hospitalized (SHRR 1.8; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7-2.0). The hospitalization risk was increased within all major organ systems: urinary and genital organs (SHRR 2.5; 95% CI 2.1-3.0), endocrine (SHRR 2.5; 95% CI 1.9-3.3), cardiovascular (SHRR 2.2; 95% CI 1.7-2.9), and gastrointestinal (SHRR 1.5; 95% CI 1.3-1.8). Risks for specific diseases are reported in the study. Conclusions: Survivors of Wilms tumor had higher risks than population comparisons for a wide range of diseases, with the highest risks seen for urinary, endocrine, and cardiovascular disorders. Five to 20 years after the Wilms tumor diagnosis, 43% of survivors had been hospitalized at least once versus 29% of population comparisons. The overall AER was 2.3, which translates into 0.2 extra hospitalizations in 10 years for every Wilms tumor survivor.
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