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| 9. |
- Meulenbroek, O., et al.
(författare)
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European multicentre double-blind placebo-controlled trial of Nilvadipine in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease - The substudy protocols: NILVAD frailty; NILVAD blood and genetic biomarkers; NILVAD cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers; NILVAD cerebral blood flow
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 6:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: In conjunction with the NILVAD trial, a European Multicentre Double-Blind Placebo Controlled trial of Nilvadipine in Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD), there are four NILVAD substudies in which eligible NILVAD patients are also invited to participate. The main NILVAD protocol was previously published in BMJ Open (2014). The objectives of the NILVAD substudies are to determine whether frailty, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood biomarker profile and Apolipoprotein E (APOE) status predict response to Nilvadipine, and to investigate the effect of Nilvadipine on cerebral blood flow and blood biomarkers. Methods and analysis: All participants who fulfil criteria for the main NILVAD study are eligible for participation in the NILVAD substudies. Participation is subject to informed consent and whether the substudy is available at a particular NILVAD study site. Each substudy entails extra measurements during the course of the main NILVAD study. For example, in the blood and genetic biomarkers substudy, extra blood (30 mL) will be collected at week 0, week 13, week 52 and week 78, while in the cerebral blood flow substudy, participants will receive an MRI and transcranial Doppler measurements at week 0, week 26 and week 78. In the CSF substudy, 10 mL CSF is collected at week 0 and week 78. Ethics and dissemination: All NILVAD substudies and all subsequent amendments have received ethical approval within each participating country, according to national regulations. Each participant provides written consent to participate. All participants remain anonymised throughout and the results of each substudy will be published in an international peer reviewed journal. © 2016 Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited.
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| 10. |
- Bäckström, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
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Raman scattering in YBa2Cu4O8 and PrBa2Cu4O8 - indications of pseudogap effects in non-superconducting PrBa2Cu4O8
- 2000
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Ingår i: Physica. C, Superconductivity. - 0921-4534 .- 1873-2143. ; 341, s. 2251-2252
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By analysis of the temperature evolution of Raman spectra, we connect an observed supression in low-energy electronic density of states to an anomalous sharpening of the Ba-phonon mode in superconducting YBa2Cu4O8 (Y-124) at around T=150 K. We link the supression of electronic excitations to an opening of a pseudogap. Similar effects observed for the Ba-phonon mode at roughly the same temperature in non-superconducting PrBa2Cu4O8 (Pr-124) suggests that a pseduogap opens up around 150 K also in this material.
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| 11. |
- Abrashev, M. V., et al.
(författare)
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Raman spectroscopy of the charge- and orbital-ordered state in La0.5Ca0.5MnO3
- 2001
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. ; 64:14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polarized Raman spectra from microcrystals of La0.5Ca0.5MnO3 were studied as a function of temperature, excitation photon energy, and scattering configuration. At temperatures below the transition from ferromagnetic metallic phase to antiferromagnetic insulating charge- and orbital-ordered (COO) phase, several lines appear in Raman spectra excited with photon energies (h) over bar omega (L)<2.5 eV. We argue that their appearance signals ordering and freezing of the Jahn-Teller distortions at this transition temperature into a superstructure with a doubled elementary cell. We suggest a simplified structural model based on an analysis of the normal phonon modes in the COO phase, neglecting the octahedral tilts and containing ordered Mn4+O6 (undistorted) and Mn3+O6 (Jahn-Teller distorted) octahedra. The symmetries of the experimentally observed Raman lines are determined by comparing their relative intensities to those predicted by the polarization selection rules for a finely twinned quasicubic crystal. The most intensive Raman lines are assigned to definite normal modes in close comparison with corresponding modes in COO layered manganites and undoped RMnO3 (R=La, Y).
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| 12. |
- Kall, M., et al.
(författare)
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Resonance Raman scattering as a probe of oxygen dynamics in YBa2Cu3Ox
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. - 0022-3697 .- 1879-2553. ; 59, s. 1988-1990
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the metastable photo-bleaching of the 2.15 eV yellow Raman resonance in oxygen deficient YBa2Cu3Ox (x = 6.35-6.87), extending investigations by Wake ct al. (Phys. Rev. Lett., 1991,67, 3728) for x approximate to 7. Polarization, x dependence and phonon spectra indicate that the resonance is localized at oxygen vacancies in long CuO-chains. The resonance is thermally reactivated from the metastable bleached state with a relaxation time tau similar to exp[Delta/k(B)T] with Delta approximate to 1 eV. The resulting temperature dependent equilibrium resonance intensity essentially miners the oxygen superstructure disordering around T* approximate to 100 degrees C observed in the same crystals by hard X-ray diffraction, thus offering a new effective probe of chain-oxygen dynamics in YBa2Cu3Ox. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 13. |
- Osada, M., et al.
(författare)
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In situ resonant Raman scattering and reversible photoinduced structural change in YBa2Cu3O6+x
- 2005
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Ingår i: Physical Review B Condensed Matter. - 0163-1829 .- 1095-3795. ; 71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on bidirectional photoswitching associated with the CuO chains in oxygen-deficient YBa2Cu3O6+x single crystals. By varying the wavelength of light polarized along the CuO chains, the material can be reversibly switched between two metastable states characterized by the existence or absence of a specific Raman scattering resonance. A comparison of the spectral efficiencies for this photoswitching with analogous data for the persistent photoconductivity and photoconductivity quenching effects suggests that the two phenomena have the same microscopic origin. We argue that the effects are due to photoinduced Cu-O charge-transfer excitations, which destabilize chains of different length depending on wavelength, and promote the growth of thermally inaccessible oxygen ordering configurations.
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| 14. |
- Osada, M., et al.
(författare)
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Photoinduced effects and oxygen dynamics in YBa2Cu3Ox
- 2001
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Ingår i: Physica. C, Superconductivity. - 0921-4534 .- 1873-2143. ; 364, s. 545-548
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oxygen-deficient YBa2Cu3Ox (Y123) exhibits persistent photoconductivity when illuminated by visible light. We have investigated resonant Raman spectra as a function of excitation wavelength and temperature, which shed new light on photoinduced effects and chain oxygen dynamics in Y123. Experimental evidence suggests that the mechanism behind the unusual photoinduced effects primary involves photoinduced oxygen ordering. Our Raman data also constitute the non-diffraction observations of the superstructure phase transition in Y123. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 15. |
- Osada, M., et al.
(författare)
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Resonant Raman scattering and photoinduced metastability in oxygen-deficient YBa2Cu3Ox
- 2000
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Ingår i: Physica C. ; 338, s. 157-160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We studied the photoinduced metastable states in oxygen-deficient YBa2Cu3Ox (Y123) (x = 6.35-6.87). The states are identified by the intensity dependences of CuO-chain resonance on photo irradiation and temperature. Below room temperature (RT) the CuO-chain resonance can be completely suppressed by irradiation with visible light polarized along the CuO chains, indicating photo-assisted oxygen ordering. Above RT, the resonance intensity returns and saturates at T > 100 degrees C. This behavior exactly reflects the temperature dependence of chain oxygen ordering in the same crystals observed by hard X-ray diffraction. The stability of the photo-induced state is in agreement with reported persistent photo-induced superconductivity effects. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 16. |
- Shanks, Hayley R. C., et al.
(författare)
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p75 neurotrophin receptor modulation in mild to moderate Alzheimer disease: a randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2a trial
- 2024
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Ingår i: NATURE MEDICINE. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 30:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) signaling pathways substantially overlap with degenerative networks active in Alzheimer disease (AD). Modulation of p75NTR with the first-in-class small molecule LM11A-31 mitigates amyloid-induced and pathological tau-induced synaptic loss in preclinical models. Here we conducted a 26-week randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded phase 2a safety and exploratory endpoint trial of LM11A-31 in 242 participants with mild to moderate AD with three arms: placebo, 200 mg LM11A-31 and 400 mg LM11A-31, administered twice daily by oral capsules. This trial met its primary endpoint of safety and tolerability. Within the prespecified secondary and exploratory outcome domains (structural magnetic resonance imaging, fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers), significant drug-placebo differences were found, consistent with the hypothesis that LM11A-31 slows progression of pathophysiological features of AD; no significant effect of active treatment was observed on cognitive tests. Together, these results suggest that targeting p75NTR with LM11A-31 warrants further investigation in larger-scale clinical trials of longer duration. EU Clinical Trials registration: 2015-005263-16; ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT03069014. A phase 2a trial of LM11A-31 in mild to moderate Alzheimer disease suggests that p75NTR modulation is safe and attenuates measures of degeneration.
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| 18. |
- Abrashev, M. V., et al.
(författare)
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Raman spectroscopy of CaMnO(3) : Mode assignment and relationship between Raman line intensities and structural distortions
- 2002
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Ingår i: Physical Review B Condensed Matter. - 0163-1829 .- 1095-3795. ; 65:18, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polarized Raman spectra of oriented finely twinned CaMnO(3) thin films and nonpolarized Raman spectra of CaMnO(3) ceramics were studied at room temperature using several excitation laser wavelengths. The selection rules for the polarized Raman spectra, obtained from samples consisting of finely twinned orthorhombic domains, were calculated and the symmetry of all observed Raman lines was determined. The relationship between the intensity of the Raman lines and the distortions in the ABO(3) perovskites with GdFeO(3)-type structure is discussed. These distortions can be described as superposition of four simple basic distortions: two MnO(6) octahedral tilts, Jahn-Teller deformation of Mn(3+) O(6) octahedra, and shift of the A ions from their sites in the ideal perovskite. Twenty of the 24 Raman-allowed modes in the real GdFeO(3)-type structure have counterparts in only one of the four simpler structures, obtained by a single basic distortion. The assignment of the Raman lines of CaMnO(3) to definite atomic vibrations, most of them activated by a single basic distortion, was made in close comparison with the results of lattice dynamical calculations and the Raman spectra of isostructural LaMnO(3) and CaGeO(3).
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| 20. |
- Bjornsson, P., et al.
(författare)
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Lattice and charge excitations in La1-xSrxMnO3
- 2000
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Ingår i: Physical Review B Condensed Matter. - 0163-1829 .- 1095-3795. ; 61, s. 1193-1197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We employ inelastic Light scattering to study the dependence of the lattice and charge excitations in La1-xSrxMnO3 compounds on doping and temperature. The phonons reveal strong local lattice distortions in the paramagnetic state, which gradually vanish below the ferromagnetic transition. We identify charge excitations in the metallic state. They exhibit a dependence on the doping level and symmetry selection rules typical for a plasmonlike excitation. Their energy scale of 100 meV requires a low-carrier-density component of the plasma outlining the importance of electronic interactions in La1-xSrxMnO3.
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| 23. |
- Kakihana, M., et al.
(författare)
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A simple and reproducible way to synthesize PrBa2Cu4O8 under 1 atm of oxygen by amorphous citrate method
- 1999
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Ingår i: Physica. C, Superconductivity. - 0921-4534 .- 1873-2143. ; 321, s. 74-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A simple aqueous solution technique utilizing citric acid (CA) as a complexant was applied to prepare PrBa2Cu4O8 (Pr124) at ambient oxygen pressure. Heating of a mixed-solution of CA, water (H2O) and ions of Pr, Ba and Cu with a molar ratio of [CA]:[H2O]:[Pr + Ba + Cu] = 3.6:40:1 on a hot-plate set at 200 degrees C produced a transparent amorphous citrate "gel" without any precipitation, which after heat-treatment at 450 degrees C was converted to a precursor for Pr124. The Pr124 compound with only minor traces of BaCuO2, PrBaO3 and CuO formed after heat-treating the precursor twice at 850 degrees C for 60 h under 1 atm oxygen pressure. The amount of impurities in the citrate-derived Pr124 was approximately half of that in the best sample previously prepared by the more elaborate high-pressure technique. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 28. |
- Wramner, Lars, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Impaired kidney graft survival is associated with the TNF-alpha genotype
- 2004
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Ingår i: Transplantation. - 0041-1337. ; 78:1, s. 117-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The TNF2 allele at position -308 of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha gene is associated with high TNF production. The purpose was to study the association of this gene polymorphism with rejection episodes and graft survival after kidney transplantation. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of transplant outcomes of patients who only had been treated with one single form of immunosuppression consisting of cyclosporine, azathioprine, and prednisolon was performed. RESULTS: We found that 115 (73%) patients had the TNF1/TNF1 genotype, whereas 42 (27%) were TNF2 positive. There was no difference in the overall acute rejection frequency between these two groups (50% in each), but our data showed a non-significant tendency towards a higher frequency of steroid resistant rejections in the TNF2 positive group (57% vs. 40%). There was no significant difference in graft survival between the two genotype groups, although an early tendency towards worse survival was seen in TNF2 recipients. However, the TNF2 positive recipients with rejection episodes had far worse graft survival compared with the TNF1/TNF1 recipients with rejection episodes (P<0.02). No difference was seen between the two genotype groups in patients without rejection episodes. CONCLUSION: Our data propose that potentially high TNF producers with the TNF2 allele do not have an increased risk for rejection episodes, but if rejection episodes occur, they have a significantly increased risk for early graft loss. TNF production may intensify rejection, but is not a primary factor for the induction of such acute immune activation.
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| 30. |
- Bagedahl-Strindlund, M, et al.
(författare)
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Postnatal depression: a hidden illness
- 1998
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Ingår i: Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-690X .- 1600-0447. ; 98:4, s. 272-275
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 31. |
- Borjesson, A, et al.
(författare)
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Male Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Users with Personality Disorders Report More Aggressive Feelings, Suicidal Thoughts, and Criminality
- 2020
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Ingår i: Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania). - : MDPI AG. - 1648-9144. ; 56:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and objectives: Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are mainly used for aesthetic and performance-enhancing reasons. Their use is a growing public health problem and concern for society because of their adverse effects. The primary aim of this study was to identify psychiatric and personality disorders and to measure anxiety and depression in AAS users. Materials and Methods: Fifty-six males who actively contacted the Anti-Doping Hot-Line and wished to stop using AAS were included. Structured Clinical Interviews Diagnosis-I and -II were used to diagnose psychiatric and personality disorders. The Brief Scale for Anxiety and Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (subscales from the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale) were used to measure changes in anxiety and depression. Structured Clinical Interviews Diagnosis-I and -II were performed at one time point. Anxiety and depression were measured at inclusion and after six months. Urine samples were collected for an analysis of AAS and drugs of abuse. Results: All participants reported some adverse effects that they associated with AAS use. In total, 56% and 52% of the cohort fulfilled the criteria for Structured Clinical Interviews Diagnosis-I and -II diagnoses, respectively. A significantly increased risk of reporting aggressive feelings/behaviors (Odds Ratio (OR) = 4.9; Confidence Interval (CI) 0.99–25, p = 0.04), suicidal thoughts/attempts (OR = 4.6, CI 95; 0.99–21, p = 0.04) and criminality (OR = 6.5, CI 1–39, p = 0.03) was found among individuals with AAS use fulfilling the criteria for personality disorders compared with those without such AAS use. The Brief Scale for Anxiety score decreased from the median of 15 at inclusion to 10 at the follow-up visit six months later (p = 0.01, n = 19). Conclusions: Our findings indicate that among individuals with AAS use, those with a personality disorder report more aggressive behaviors, suicidal thoughts/suicidal attempts, and criminality than those without a personality disorder.
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| 37. |
- Borjesson, U., et al.
(författare)
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Providing Mothers with a Pedometer and Subsequent Effect on the Physical Activity of Their Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Children with Obesity
- 2020
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Ingår i: Childhood Obesity. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 2153-2168 .- 2153-2176. ; 16:1, s. 20-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Obesity continues to rise, particularly among children, and is one of the greatest public health challenges of the 21st century. Physical activity may reduce weight and increase well-being. A pedometer study from the United States, Australia, and Sweden showed that boys need to walk 15,000 steps/day, and girls 12,000 steps/day to maintain a healthy profile. Research shows children with obesity have limited physical activity and they may need parent support to increase their physical activity level. Objective: The aim of this randomized controlled study was to estimate the effect of mothers using pedometers on their children's daily number of steps. Methods: Children/adolescents aged 6-16 years were included and all of them received a pedometer and a step diary. In the intervention group, their mothers received pedometers but not so in the control group. Fifty children were randomized and 32 could be followed-up for 24 weeks. There was no difference in outcome between groups in intention to treat analysis. A complete case analysis showed that the intervention group increased their daily steps (2400, 95% confidence interval 430-4500) compared with the control group (p = 0.019). Conclusions: Involving and activating mothers may increase the children and adolescent's physical activity if implemented more successfully than was done in this study.
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| 39. |
- Bruchfeld, A, et al.
(författare)
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Macrophage MIF in ANCA-AAV
- 2011
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Ingår i: CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY. - 0009-9104. ; 164, s. 143-143
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 46. |
- Karlsson, Maths, et al.
(författare)
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Quasielastic neutron scattering of hydrated BaZr(0.90)A(0.10)O(2.95) (A = Y and Sc)
- 2009
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Ingår i: Solid State Ionics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2738. ; 180:1, s. 22-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Proton motions in hydrated proton conducting perovskites BaZr(0.90)A(0.10)O(2.95) (A = Y and Sc) have been investigated using quasielastic neutron scattering. The results reveal a localized motion on the ps time scale and with an activation energy of similar to 10-30 meV, in both materials. The temperature dependence of the total mean square displacement of the protons shows an onset of this motion at a temperature of about 300 K. The low activation energy, much lower than the activation energy for the macroscopic proton conductivity, suggests that this motion is not the rate-limiting process for the long-range proton diffusion, i.e. it is not linked to the two materials significantly different proton conductivities. In fact, a comparison of the QENS results with density functional theory calculations indicates that for both materials the observed motion may be ascribed to intra-octahedral proton transfers occurring close to a dopant atom. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 48. |
- Lind, M, et al.
(författare)
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Perceived structure from optic flow: Consistent versus variable mapping of 3-D Euclidean structure
- 2001
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Ingår i: SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY. - : BLACKWELL PUBL LTD. - 0036-5564. ; 42:2, s. 105-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In an earlier study (Borjesson & Lind, 1996), the perception of Euclidean structure from polar projected two-frame apparent motion sequences was studied. The results showed that Euclidean structure is not perceived. However, at larger visual angles a cert
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