SwePub
Sök i SwePub databas

  Utökad sökning

Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Borné Yan) "

Sökning: WFRF:(Borné Yan)

  • Resultat 1-50 av 112
Sortera/gruppera träfflistan
   
NumreringReferensOmslagsbildHitta
1.
  • Zhang, Shunming, et al. (författare)
  • Protein foods from animal sources and risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in representative cohorts from North and South China
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 1365-2796 .- 0954-6820. ; 293:3, s. 340-353
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence suggests that animal protein foods may increase the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We therefore examined the NAFLD risk reduction related to substituting plant protein foods for animal protein foods.METHODS: The cohort in North China included 14,541 participants from the Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health (TCLSIH) study, and the cohort in South China included 1297 participants from the Guangzhou Nutrition and Health Study (GNHS). Dietary intake was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaires. NAFLD was ascertained by abdominal ultrasound. The Cox model was used to fit the substitution analysis.RESULTS: In the TCLSIH cohort, when replacing one type of animal protein food (eggs, processed meat, unprocessed red meat, poultry, and fish) with an equivalent serving of plant protein foods (nuts, legumes, and whole grains), the replacement of animal protein foods with whole grains showed the strongest benefit; substituting one serving per day of whole grains for an equal amount of eggs (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.89; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.79, 1.00), processed meat (HR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.64, 0.91), unprocessed red meat (HR = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.81, 1.00), poultry (HR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.92), or fish (HR = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.78, 0.97) was associated with a lower risk of NAFLD. In both the TCLSIH and GNHS cohorts, replacing poultry with fish, nuts, legumes, or whole grains was associated with a lower risk of NAFLD. When different numbers of protein foods were simultaneously replaced, the risk reduction of NAFLD was stronger.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that replacing animal protein foods with plant protein foods is related to a significant reduction in NAFLD risk.
  •  
2.
  • An, De-Wei, et al. (författare)
  • Carotid-Femoral Pulse Transit Time Variability Predicted Mortality and Improved Risk Stratification in the Elderly
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Hypertension. - 1524-4563. ; 78:5, s. 1287-1295
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity, determined by pulse transit time (PTT) and distance, is a well-established measure of arterial stiffness and predicts adverse outcomes. However, its predictive value decreases with aging. To explore new risk indicator in the elderly, we investigated if the variation of carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity, registered as beat-to-beat variability of carotid-to-femoral PTT (cf-PTT), could predict outcome. Totally 3015 (median age, 72.4 years; 39.6% men) and 1181 (75.6 years; 42.2% men) subjects from communities of Malmö, Sweden, and Shanghai, China, were analyzed, respectively. Continuous pulse waves for 10 seconds were recorded sequentially at carotid and femoral arterial sites with applanation tonometry (SphygmoCor, Atcor, Australia). During a median of 6.6 and 10.2 years, 389 and 427 deaths occurred in the Malmö and Shanghai cohorts, respectively. Each one-SD increase in the log-transformed coefficient of variation of cf-PTT was associated with 24% (95% CI, 13%–37%) and 21% (10%–33%) increased risk for all-cause mortality in the Malmö and Shanghai subjects, and 60% (33%–91%) for cardiovascular mortality in the Malmö subjects. Adding the coefficient of variation of cf-PTT to the models including conventional risk factors and carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity significantly (P<0.05) improved prediction for all-cause mortality in both cohorts (integrated discrimination improvement, 0.005–0.008) and cardiovascular mortality in the Malmö cohort (net reclassification improvement, 0.206). In both cohorts, a coefficient of variation of cf-PTT <6% was not associated with increased mortality risk. In conclusion, the beat-to-beat variability of cf-PTT predicted mortality and improved risk stratification, which might be a novel risk indicator for elderly people.
  •  
3.
  •  
4.
  • Guo, Qian Hui, et al. (författare)
  • Difference in the risk profiles of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity : results from two community-based studies in China and Sweden
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Journal of Human Hypertension. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0950-9240 .- 1476-5527.
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and its risk factors may differ between various populations. Few studies have compared the risk profiles associated with cfPWV in different ethnic populations. The study population included 4321 subjects from Shanghai, China (n = 1272, age 75.0 ± 6.5 years, female 57.3%) and Malmö, Sweden (n = 3049, age 72.5 ± 5.5 years, female 60.4%). cfPWV was measured using the SphygmoCor device in both cohorts, with some difference in the determination of pulse transmission distance. The median cfPWV was 8.9 and 10.1 m/s (P < 0.001) respectively in the Chinese and Swedish subjects. cfPWV was associated (P < 0.05) with age, body mass index (BMI), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate, fasting plasma glucose and serum triglycerides in both populations. The standardized effect size (m/s) associated with age (0.091 vs. 0.048, P < 0.001) and fasting plasma glucose (0.025 vs. 0.012, P = 0.046) was greater in the Swedish than Chinese subjects, whereas those with BMI (0.046 vs. 0.008, P < 0.001), MAP (0.079 vs. 0.067, P = 0.016), and heart rate (0.057 vs. 0.046, P = 0.036) were greater in Chinese. No difference was observed in those associated with serum triglycerides (P = 0.128). cfPWV was additionally associated with sex, serum total cholesterol, and on antihypertensive medication in the Swedish subjects, and with serum uric acid in the Chinese subjects (P ≤ 0.041). In conclusion, Chinese and Swedish subjects shared similar major risk factors of arterial stiffness, but with some differences in the strength of associations.
  •  
5.
  • Adamsson Eryd, Samuel, et al. (författare)
  • Red blood cell distribution width is associated with incidence of atrial fibrillation.
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 1365-2796 .- 0954-6820. ; 275:1, s. 84-92
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Red blood cell distribution width (RDW), a measure of variation in erythrocyte volume, has been associated with several cardiovascular disorders, but the relationship with atrial fibrillation (AF) remains unclear. We investigated the association between RDW and incidence of first hospitalization due to AF in a population-based cohort.
  •  
6.
  • Adamsson Eryd, Samuel, et al. (författare)
  • Response to Letter to the Editor 'Red cell distribution width in patients with atrial fibrillation'
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 1365-2796 .- 0954-6820. ; 275:5, s. 544-544
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • RDW is a new and easily available risk marker for adverse cardiovascular outcomes and we agree that this may encourage a wider use in clinical practice. As pointed out by Balta et al [2], the underlying causal links are unclear. The causal links could hypothetically involve some of the factors mentioned by Balta et al [2], but also properties of the red cells per se. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
  •  
7.
  • Andersson, Eva M., 1968, et al. (författare)
  • Partial Mediation by Cadmium Exposure of the Association Between Tobacco Smoking and Atherosclerotic Plaques in the Carotid Artery
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: American Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 187:4, s. 806-816
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Exposure to cadmium confers increased cardiovascular risk. Tobacco smoke contains cadmium, which, hypothetically, may mediate parts of the tobacco-associated risk of developing atherosclerotic plaques. Baseline data from the Swedish Malmo Diet and Cancer cohort (1991-1996) were used to test this hypothesis. Mediation analysis was used to examine associations between smoking and blood cadmium levels and the prevalence of ultrasound-assessed carotid atherosclerotic plaques. The total association with smoking status (never smokers, 2 categories of former smokers, and current smokers) was split into direct and indirect association, and the proportion mediated was estimated. The adjusted estimated plaque prevalence was approximately 27% among never smokers. We identified both a direct and an indirect pathway between smoking and carotid plaques; the indirect association, through cadmium, was observed among current smokers and former smokers who had quit smoking less than 15 years before. For current smokers, the prevalence ratio for plaque was 1.5, with 60%-65% of the association with smoking being mediated through cadmium. Recent former smokers had a prevalence ratio of 1.3, and 40%-45% was mediated through cadmium. Long-time former smokers had a prevalence ratio of 1.2, but none of the association was mediated through cadmium. In conclusion, about two-thirds of the proatherosclerotic association with smoking was mediated by cadmium.
  •  
8.
  • Bao, Xue, et al. (författare)
  • Comparing the inflammatory profiles for incidence of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases : A prospective study exploring the 'common soil' hypothesis
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Cardiovascular Diabetology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1475-2840. ; 17:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Chronic low-grade inflammation and associated insulin resistance and metabolic abnormalities have been proposed as 'common soil' for diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This paper aimed to investigate the inflammatory profiles of DM and CVD and to distinguish their shared and specific markers. Methods: Based on the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort, total and differential leukocyte counts were measured in 25,969 participants without previous DM or CVD and were studied in relation to incident DM (mean follow-up 17.4±5.58years) and incident CVD (i.e., coronary events, including fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction, or stroke); mean follow-up 17.7±5.46years, using multivariable Cox regression models. Furthermore, plasma concentrations of another seven inflammatory markers were examined in relation to incident DM and incident CVD in a sub-cohort of 4658 participants. The associations of each inflammatory marker with incident DM versus incident CVD were compared using the Lunn-McNeil competing risks approach. In sensitivity analyses, those who developed both DM and CVD during follow-up were excluded. Results: After adjustment for conventional risk factors, total and differential leukocyte counts, orosomucoid, and C-reactive protein were associated with an increased risk of both DM and CVD. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, ceruloplasmin, alpha1-antitrypsin and soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor predicted increased risk of CVD but not DM, while haptoglobin and complement C3 showed the opposite pattern. In competing risks analyses, lymphocyte count and complement C3 had stronger associations with risk of DM than with risk of CVD (p for equal associations=0.020 and 0.006). The reverse was true for neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (p for equal associations=0.025). Results were consistent in sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: The results indicated substantial similarities in the inflammatory profiles associated with DM and CVD. However, there are also significant differences. These findings may help discriminate between individuals at elevated risk of DM and those at elevated risk of CVD, which is a prerequisite for targeted therapies.
  •  
9.
  • Bao, Xue, et al. (författare)
  • Complement C3 and incident hospitalization due to chronic kidney disease : a population-based cohort study
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: BMC Nephrology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2369. ; 20
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Circulating C3 has been associated with diabetes and hypertension, which are the leading causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD). C3 activation is considered to contribute to several renal diseases. Here we examined whether elevated C3 concentration is associated with hospitalization due to CKD in the general population, and whether this relationship is mediated by factors such as diabetes and hypertension. METHODS: Baseline plasma C3 was quantified in 4552 participants, without previous hospital admission due to CKD, from the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort study. Incidence of first hospitalization due to CKD (main diagnosis) was investigated in relation to C3 levels using Cox proportional hazards regression models after a mean follow-up of 19.2 ± 4.16 years. Traditional risk factors of CKD including diabetes, blood pressure, C-reactive protein and baseline renal function were considered in adjustments and sensitivity analyses. RESULTS: During the follow-up period, 94 subjects were admitted to hospital due to CKD. After multivariate adjustment, the hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for hospitalization from CKD across quartiles of C3 were 1.00 (reference), 1.68 (0.69, 4.13), 2.71 (1.15, 6.39), and 3.16 (1.36, 7.34) (p for trend = 0.003). Results were generally consistent across different sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that C3 is associated with incidence of first hospitalization due to CKD in the general population. The observed relationship cannot be entirely attributed to hyperglycemia and hypertension.
  •  
10.
  • Bao, Xue, et al. (författare)
  • Growth differentiation factor-15 and incident chronic kidney disease : a population-based cohort study
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: BMC Nephrology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2369. ; 22:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: The relationship between growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) and the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is still unclear. We sought to examine whether plasma GDF-15 was related to incident CKD and kidney function decline using a large prospective cohort study. Methods: 4318 participants of the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study-Cardiovascular Cohort were examined in 1991-1994. Incidence of CKD was followed prospectively by linkage with national patient registers. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was available for all participants at baseline, and was re-measured in a subgroup of 2744 subjects after 16.6 ± 1.49 years. Incidence of CKD was examined in relation to GDF-15 using Cox regression analysis. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of GDF-15 with eGFR change and eGFR-based CKD. Models were carefully corrected for potential confounders including baseline eGFR, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, and competing risk from death. Results: 165 patients developed CKD after 19.2 ± 4.04 years of follow-up. The adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval, CI) for CKD in 4th versus 1st quartile of GDF-15 was 2.37 (1.33, 4.24) (p for trend < 0.01). Each per 1 standard deviation increase in GDF-15 was associated with a decline in eGFR of − 0.97 mL/min/1.73 m2 (95% CI, − 1.49 ~ − 0.45; p < 0.001). GDF-15 was also significantly associated eGFR-based CKD in 2713 subjects with baseline eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Conclusions: GDF-15 predicted incidence of CKD and eGFR decline in the general population, independent of a wide range of potential risk factors and competing risk of death.
  •  
11.
  • Bao, Xue, et al. (författare)
  • Growth differentiation factor-15 is a biomarker for all-cause mortality but less evident for cardiovascular outcomes : A prospective study
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: American Heart Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-8703. ; 234, s. 81-89
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Previous studies have proposed growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) as a predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes and mortality. The present study aimed to determine if such associations remain after accounting for death as a competing risk, and if GDF-15 provides superior prediction performance than other biomarkers. Methods: Plasma GDF-15 levels and cardiovascular risk factors were measured in individuals without cardiovascular diseases (n = 4,143, aged 57.4 ± 5.96 years, 38.6 % men) from Malmö Diet and Cancer-Cardiovascular Cohort and were followed up for more than 20 years. Incidence of coronary events, ischemic stroke, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality was studied in relation to GDF-15 using Cox proportional hazards regression, with adjustment for potential confounders. Confounding from death as competing risk was carefully checked using the Fine and Gray subdistribution hazard model. Predictive capabilities were further evaluated using C-statistics, continuous net reclassification improvement, and integrated discrimination improvement. Results: During follow-up, 424 coronary events, 327 ischemic stroke, 368 cardiovascular deaths, and 1,308 all-cause deaths occurred. After controlling for death from other causes as competing events, only all-cause mortality remained significantly related to GDF-15. The addition of GDF-15 significantly improved prediction for all-cause mortality in addition to the traditional risk factors, high-sensitive C-reactive protein and N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide. Only N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide improved prediction for CVD mortality. Conclusions: GDF-15 is a robust biomarker for all-cause mortality but less reliable for coronary event, ischemic stroke or cardiovascular mortality. Competing risk from death is an important consideration when interpreting the results.
  •  
12.
  • Bao, Xue, et al. (författare)
  • Growth differentiation factor 15 is positively associated with incidence of diabetes mellitus : the Malmö Diet and Cancer–Cardiovascular Cohort
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 62:1, s. 78-86
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Aims/hypothesis: Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily. Circulating levels of GDF-15 are associated with hyperglycaemia among people with obesity or diabetes, but longitudinal evidence on the association between GDF-15 levels and diabetes risk is scarce. Our aim was to explore whether circulating levels of GDF-15 at baseline are positively associated with future diabetes incidence in a middle-aged urban population. Methods: Between 1991 and 1994, baseline fasting plasma GDF-15 levels were measured in 4360 individuals without diabetes (mean age 57.4 ± 5.96 years, 38.6% men) who were participants in the Malmö Diet and Cancer–Cardiovascular Cohort. After a follow-up of 19.0 ± 5.16 years (mean ± SD), Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used for the study of the relationship between baseline GDF-15 and incident diabetes, with adjustment for established confounders. A sensitivity analysis included further adjustment for levels of C-reactive protein (CRP). Results: During the follow-up period, 621 individuals developed diabetes. The multivariate-adjusted HR for diabetes incidence was 1.43 (95% CI 1.11, 1.83; p for trend = 0.007) for the fourth compared with the first quartile of GDF-15, and was 1.17 (95% CI 1.07, 1.28; p < 0.001) per SD increase of GDF-15. If participants were grouped according to baseline fasting glucose, the association between GDF-15 and diabetes risk was only evident in the group without impaired fasting glucose (n = 3973). The association tended to be less significant with increasing age: multivariate-adjusted HRs for diabetes per SD increase of GDF-15 were 1.24 (95% CI 1.08, 1.42), 1.19 (95% CI 1.00, 1.41) and 1.04 (95% CI 0.89, 1.23) for participants aged ≤55, 56–60 (>55 and ≤60) and >60 years, respectively. With adjustment for levels of CRP, the HR per SD increase of GDF-15 (1.21, 95% CI 1.09, 1.35) was significant (p = 0.015), but the HR for the fourth compared with the first quartile of GDF-15 was not significant (HR 1.30; 95% CI 1.01, 1.67; p for trend = 0.061). Conclusions/interpretation: GDF-15 may be useful for identification of people with a risk of incident diabetes, especially if those people are ≤60 years old.
  •  
13.
  • Bao, Xue, et al. (författare)
  • The associations of self-rated health with cardiovascular risk proteins : A proteomics approach
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Clinical Proteomics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1542-6416 .- 1559-0275. ; 16
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Though subjective, poor self-rated health (SRH) has consistently been shown to predict cardiovascular disease (CVD). The underlying mechanism is unclear. This study evaluates the associations of SRH with biomarkers for CVD, aiming to explore potential pathways between poor SRH and CVD. Methods: Based on the Malmö Diet and Cancer Cardiovascular Cohort study, a targeted proteomics approach was used to assess the associations of SRH with 88 cardiovascular risk proteins, measured in plasma from 4521 participants without CVD. The false discovery rate (FDR) was controlled using the Benjamini and Hochberg method. Covariates taken into consideration were age, sex, traditional CVD risk factors (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, anti-hypertensive medication, diabetes, body mass index, smoking), comorbidity, life-style and psycho-social factors (education level, living alone, alcohol consumption, low physical activity, psychiatric medication, sleep duration, and unemployment). Results: Age and sex-adjusted associations with SRH was found for 34 plasma proteins. Nine of them remained significant after adjustments for traditional CVD risk factors. After further adjustment for comorbidity, life-style and psycho-social factors, only leptin (β = - 0.035, corrected p = 0.016) and C-C motif chemokine 20 (CCL20; β = - 0.054, corrected p = 0.016) were significantly associated with SRH. Conclusions: Poor SRH was associated with raised concentrations of many plasma proteins. However, the relationships were largely attenuated by adjustments for CVD risk factors, comorbidity and psycho-social factors. Leptin and CCL20 were associated with poor SRH in the present study and could potentially be involved in the SRH-CVD link.
  •  
14.
  • Barregård, Lars, 1948, et al. (författare)
  • Blood Cadmium Levels and Incident Cardiovascular Events during Follow-up in a Population-Based Cohort of Swedish Adults: The Malmo Diet and Cancer Study
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Environmental Health Perspectives. - : Environmental Health Perspectives. - 0091-6765 .- 1552-9924. ; 124:5, s. 594-600
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Cadmium exposure may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. The only published longitudinal study on cadmium and incident cardiovascular disease was performed in American Indians with relatively high cadmium exposure. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to examine the association between blood cadmium at baseline and incident cardiovascular events in a population-based study of Swedish men and women with cadmium levels similar to those of most European and U.S. populations. METHODS: A Swedish population-based cohort (n = 6,103, age 46-67 years) was recruited between 1991 and 1994. After we excluded those with missing data on smoking, 4,819 participants remained. Acute coronary events, other major cardiac events, stroke, and cardiovascular mortality were followed until 2010. Associations with blood cadmium (estimated from cadmium in erythrocytes) were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression including potential confounders and important cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS: Hazard ratios for all cardiovascular end points were consistently increased for participants in the 4th blood cadmium quartile (median, 0.99 mu g/L). In models that also included sex, smoking, waist circumference, education, physical activity, alcohol intake, serum triglycerides, HbA1c, and C-reactive protein, the hazard ratios comparing the highest and lowest quartiles of exposure were 1.8 (95%CI: 1.2, 2.7) for acute coronary events, and 1.9 (1.3, 2.9) for stroke. Hazard ratios in never-smokers were consistent with these estimates. CONCLUSIONS: Blood cadmium in the highest quartile was associated with incident cardiovascular disease and mortality in our population-based samples of Swedish adults. The consistent results among never-smokers are important because smoking is a strong confounder. Our findings suggest that measures to reduce cadmium exposures are warranted, even in populations without unusual sources of exposure.
  •  
15.
  • Barregård, Lars, 1948, et al. (författare)
  • Cadmium Exposure and Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study of Swedish Middle-Aged Adults
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Environmental health perspectives. - 1552-9924 .- 0091-6765. ; 129:6
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The general population is ubiquitously exposed to the toxic metal cadmium through the diet and smoking. Cadmium exposure is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in myocardial infarction and stroke. Atherosclerosis is the main underlying mechanism of myocardial infarction. However, associations between cadmium and coronary artery atherosclerosis have not been examined.Our study sought to examine the hypothesis that blood cadmium (B-Cd) is positively associated with coronary artery calcification, as a measure of coronary artery atherosclerosis in the population-based Swedish SCAPIS study.Our analysis included 5,627 individuals (51% women), age 50-64 y, enrolled from 2013 to 2018. The coronary artery calcium score (CACS) was obtained from computed tomography. Blood cadmium was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Associations between B-Cd and coronary artery calcium score (CACS Agatston score) were evaluated using prevalence ratios (PRs) in models adjusted for sex, age, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, low-density cholesterol/high-density cholesterol ratio, and family history.The median B-Cd concentration was 0.24 μ g / L . The prevalence of positive coronary artery calcium ( CACS > 0 ) was 41% and the prevalence of CACS ≥ 100 was 13%. Relative to the lowest quartile (Q) of B-Cd ( < 0.16 μ g / L ), the highest quartile (median 0.63 μ g / L ) was associated with a small but significant increase in CACS > 0 (PR 1.1; 95% CI: 1.0, 1.3), and a greater relative increase in CACS ≥ 100 (PR 1.6; 95% CI: 1.3, 2.0). When restricted to 2,446 never-smokers, corresponding PRs were 1.1 (95% CI 0.9, 1.3) for CACS > 0 (63 cases in Q4) and 1.7 (95% CI 1.1, 2.7) for CACS ≥ 100 (17 cases in Q4).Blood cadmium in the highest quartile was associated with CACS in a general population sample with low to moderate cadmium exposure. This supports the hypothesis that atherosclerosis is an important mechanism underlying the associations between cadmium and incident cardiovascular disease. The findings suggest that public health measures to reduce cadmium exposure are warranted. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8523.
  •  
16.
  • Berntsson, John, et al. (författare)
  • Increased vascular endothelial growth factor D is associated with atrial fibrillation and ischaemic stroke
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Heart. - : BMJ. - 1355-6037 .- 1468-201X. ; 105:7, s. 553-558
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: Vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D) has important functions in lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis. High plasma levels of VEGF-D have been associated with incidence of heart failure. The association of VEGF-D with atrial fibrillation (AF) and stroke is unclear and we hypothesised that VEGF-D could also be associated with incidence of AF and ischaemic stroke. Methods: VEGF-D was measured in fasting blood samples of 4689 subjects (40% men) without a history of AF from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study, a prospective, population-based study in Sweden. Median age was 58 years (range 46-68). Cox regression analyses, adjusted for multiple risk factors, was used to assess AF and ischaemic stroke risk in relation to VEGF-D levels. Results: During a median follow-up time of 20.6 years, there were 637 cases of incident AF and 322 cases of first ischaemic stroke. After adjustment, VEGF-D was significantly associated with AF (HR 1.13(95% CI 1.04 to 1.23) per 1 SD increase) and ischaemic stroke (HR 1.14(95% CI 1.02 to 1.28) per 1 SD). The association with ischaemic stroke was explained by an increased incidence of AF-related stroke. HRs per 1 SD were 1.34 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.71) for AF-related ischaemic stroke and 1.04 (95% CI 0.90 to 1.19) for ischaemic stroke without AF. Conclusions: Increased VEGF-D concentrations were associated with AF and ischaemic stroke. The relationship with ischaemic stroke was more pronounced in subjects with a diagnosis of AF.
  •  
17.
  • Berntsson, John, et al. (författare)
  • Plasma Natriuretic Peptides and Incidence of Subtypes of Ischemic Stroke.
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Cerebrovascular Diseases. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9786 .- 1015-9770. ; 37:6, s. 444-450
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background and Purpose: Natriuretic peptides predict poor outcomes in cardiovascular disease. However, the knowledge of their relationship to stroke is limited and prospective studies from the general population are few. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and midregional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP) plasma levels and the risk for ischemic stroke and its subtypes. Methods: NT-proBNP and MR-proANP were measured in fasting blood samples from 4,862 subjects (40.2% men, mean age 57.5 ± 6.0 years) without cardiovascular disease from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study, a prospective, population-based study in Sweden. Incidence of ischemic stroke was monitored over a mean follow-up of 14.9 ± 3.0 years. Stroke cases were etiologically classified according to the TOAST classification. Cox proportional-hazards regression was used to study the incidence of stroke in relationship to NT-proBNP and MR-proANP. Results: During follow-up, 227 had a first-ever ischemic stroke (large-artery atherosclerosis, n = 35; cardioembolic stroke, n = 44; small-artery occlusion, n = 80; undetermined cause, n = 68). In the age- and sex-adjusted model, only NT-proBNP was associated with total ischemic stroke. This association was completely explained by an increased incidence of cardioembolic stroke. Adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors (age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, body mass index and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), the hazard ratios (HRs, 95% confidence interval, 95% CI) for cardioembolic stroke were 1.00 (reference), 1.42 (0.34-6.00), 2.79 (0.77-10.12) and 5.64 (1.66-19.20), respectively, for the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th quartiles of NT-proBNP. The corresponding HRs (95% CIs) for quartiles of MR-proANP were 1.00 (reference), 1.83 (0.55-6.14), 1.20 (0.33-4.34) and 3.96 (1.31-11.99), respectively. In total, 335 (6.9%) subjects were diagnosed with atrial fibrillation during follow-up. Among the cardioembolic stroke cases, 30% were diagnosed with atrial fibrillation before the stroke event and another 36% within 6 months after the stroke. Of the cardioembolic stroke cases with atrial fibrillation, 59% were in the top quartile of NT-proBNP, 69% in the top quartile of MR-proANP and 79% were either in the top quartile of NT-proBNP or in the top quartile of MR-proANP. Conclusion: High plasma levels of NT-proBNP and MR-proANP are associated with a substantially increased risk of cardioembolic stroke, but not with other subtypes of ischemic stroke. The results suggest that assessment of stroke risk, including electrocardiography, is warranted in subjects with high NT-proBNP or MR-proANP. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel.
  •  
18.
  • Binder, Pauline, et al. (författare)
  • Shared Language Is Essential : Communication in a Multiethnic Obstetric Care Setting
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Journal of health communication. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1081-0730 .- 1087-0415. ; 17:10, s. 1171-1186
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This study focuses on communication and conceptions of obstetric care to address the postulates that immigrant women experience sensitive care through the use of an ethnically congruent interpreter and that such women prefer to meet health providers of the same ethnic and gender profile when in a multiethnic obstetrics care setting. During 2005–2006, we conducted in-depth interviews in Greater London with immigrant women of Somali and Ghanaian descent and with White British women, as well as with obstetric care providers representing a variety of ethnic profiles. Questions focused on communication and conceptions of maternity care, and they were analyzed using qualitative techniques inspired by naturalistic inquiry. Women and providers across all informant groups encountered difficulties in health communication. The women found professionalism and competence far more important than meeting providers from one's own ethnic group, while language congruence was considered a comfort. Despite length of time in the study setting, Somali women experienced miscommunication as a result of language barriers more than did other informants. An importance of the interpreter's role in health communication was acknowledged by all groups; however, interpreter use was limited by issues of quality, trust, and accessibility. The interpreter service seems to operate in a suboptimal way and has potential for improvement.
  •  
19.
  • Borné, Yan, et al. (författare)
  • Anthropometric measures in relation to risk of heart failure hospitalization : a Swedish population-based cohort study
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 24:2, s. 215-220
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: It is unclear which anthropometric measure is most useful for assessment of the cardiovascular risk. We investigated the association between different anthropometric measures and risk of heart failure (HF) hospitalization. Methods: BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage (BF%), weight and height were measured among 26 653 subjects (aged 45-73 years) without history of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke or HF from the Malmo Diet and Cancer cohort at baseline in 1991-96. Incidence of HF hospitalizations was monitored during a mean follow-up of 15 years. Results: Seven hundred and twenty-seven subjects were hospitalized with HF as primary diagnosis, of whom 157 had an MI before or concurrent with the HF. After adjustment for potential confounding factors, the hazard ratios of HF hospitalization (fourth vs. first sex-specific quartile) were 1.80 (95% CI: 1.45-2.24) for BMI, 1.87 (1.50-2.34) for WC, 1.77 (1.43-2.19) for WHR, 1.35 (1.09-1.68) for BF%, 1.93 (1.57-2.39) for weight and 1.18 (0.96-1.44) for height. Significant interactions between BMI and WC and WHR, respectively, were observed, and the joint exposure of high BMI and high WC or high WHR further increased the risk. The results were similar in secondary analyses, i.e. excluding incident HF with previous MI during the follow-up. Conclusion: Our results support the view that raised BMI, WC, WHR or BF% increases the risk of HF hospitalization. The joint exposure of high BMI and high WHR or high WC further increased the risk in an additive way.
  •  
20.
  • Borné, Yan, et al. (författare)
  • Biomarkers of blood cadmium and incidence of cardiovascular events in non-smokers: results from a population-based proteomics study
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Clinical Proteomics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1542-6416 .- 1559-0275. ; 16:21
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BackgroundCadmium is a toxic metal with multiple adverse health effects, including risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The mechanistic link between cadmium and CVD is unclear. Our aim was to examine the associations between blood cadmium (B-Cd) and 88 potential protein biomarkers of CVD.MethodsB-Cd and 88 plasma proteins were measured in a community-based prospective cohort, the Malmo Diet and Cancer study. The primary analysis was performed in never smokers (n=1725). Multiple linear regression was used with adjustments for age and sex, and correction for multiple comparisons using the false discovery rate method. Proteins significantly associated with B-Cd were replicated in long-term former smokers (n=782). Significant proteins were then studied in relation to incidence of CVD (i.e., coronary events or ischemic stroke) in never smokers.ResultsFifteen proteins were associated with B-Cd in never smokers. Eight of them were replicated in long-term former smokers. Kidney injury molecule-1, fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23), tumor necrosis factor receptor-2, matrix metalloproteinase-12, cathepsin L1, urokinase plasminogen activator receptor, C-C motif chemokine-3 (CCL3), and chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand-1 were associated with B-Cd both in never smokers and long-term former smokers. Except for CCL3 and FGF23, these proteins were also significantly associated with incidence of CVD.ConclusionsB-Cd in non-smokers was associated with eight potential plasma biomarkers of CVD and kidney injury. The results suggest pathways for the associations between B-Cd and CVD and kidney injury.
  •  
21.
  • Borné, Yan, et al. (författare)
  • Cadmium, Carotid Atherosclerosis, and Incidence of Ischemic Stroke.
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Journal of the American Heart Association. - 2047-9980. ; 6:12
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Exposure to cadmium has been associated with carotid plaques, inflammation in carotid plaques, and increased risk of ischemic stroke. This study examined the separate and interacting effects of blood cadmium levels and carotid plaques on the risk of incident ischemic stroke.Cadmium levels were measured in 4156 subjects (39.2% men; mean±SD age 57.3±5.9years) without history of stroke, from the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort. The right carotid artery was examined using B-mode ultrasound examination at baseline. Incidence of ischemic stroke was monitored over a mean follow-up of 16.7years. Carotid plaque was present in 34.5% of participants. Cadmium was significantly higher in subjects with plaque (mean±SD: 0.53±0.58μg/L versus 0.42±0.49μg/L; P<0.001). A total of 221 subjects had ischemic stroke during the follow-up. Incidence of ischemic stroke was associated both with carotid plaque (hazard ratio 1.44, 95% confidence interval, 1.09-1.90, P=0.009) and cadmium (hazard ratio for quartile [Q] 4 versus Q1-3: 1.95, confidence interval, 1.33-2.85, P=0.001), after adjustment for risk factors. There was a significant interaction between cadmium and plaque with respect to risk of ischemic stroke (P=0.011). Adjusted for risk factors, subjects with plaque and cadmium in Q4 had a hazard ratio of 2.88 (confidence interval, 1.79-4.63) for ischemic stroke, compared with those without plaque and cadmium in Q1 to Q3.Cadmium was associated with incidence of ischemic stroke, both independently and in synergistic interaction with carotid plaques. This supports the hypothesis that cadmium promotes vulnerability of carotid plaques, thereby increasing the risk of rupture and ischemic stroke.
  •  
22.
  • Borné, Yan, et al. (författare)
  • Cadmium Exposure and Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus - Results from the Malmo Diet and Cancer Study
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:11
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Cadmium is a pollutant with multiple adverse health effects: renal dysfunction, osteoporosis and fractures, cancer, and probably cardiovascular disease. Some studies have reported associations between cadmium and impaired fasting glucose and diabetes. However, this relationship is controversial and there is a lack of longitudinal studies. Objectives: To examine prospectively whether cadmium in blood is associated with incidence of diabetes mellitus. Methods: The study population consists of 4585 subjects without history of diabetes (aged 46 to 67 years, 60% women), who participated in the Malmo Diet and Cancer study during 1991-1994. Blood cadmium levels were estimated from hematocrit and cadmium concentrations in erythrocytes. Incident cases of diabetes were identified from national and local diabetes registers. Results: Cadmium concentrations in blood were not associated with blood glucose and insulin levels at the baseline examination. However, cadmium was positively associated with HbA1c in former smokers and current smokers. During a mean follow-up of 15.2 +/- 4.2 years, 622 (299 men and 323 women) were diagnosed with new-onset of diabetes. The incidence of diabetes was not significantly associated with blood cadmium level at baseline, neither in men or women. The hazard ratio (4th vs 1st quartile) was 1.11 (95% confidence interval 0.82-1.49), when adjusted for potential confounders. Conclusions: Elevated blood cadmium levels are not associated with increased incidence of diabetes. The positive association between HbA1c and blood cadmium levels has a likely explanation in mechanisms related to erythrocyte turnover and smoking.
  •  
23.
  • Borné, Yan, et al. (författare)
  • Cadmium exposure and incidence of heart failure and atrial fibrillation: a population-based prospective cohort study
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 5:6
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVES: Cadmium is a non-essential toxic metal with multiple adverse health effects. Cadmium has been shown to be associated with cardiovascular diseases, but few studies have investigated heart failure (HF) and none of them reported atrial fibrillation (AF). We examined whether cadmium exposure is associated with incidence of HF or AF. DESIGN: A prospective, observational cohort study with a 17-year follow-up. SETTING: The city of Malmö, Sweden. PARTICIPANTS: Blood cadmium levels were measured in 4378 participants without a history of HF or AF (aged 46-67years, 60% women), who participated in the Malmö Diet and Cancer (MDC) study during 1992-1994. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence of HF and AF were identified from the Swedish hospital discharge register. RESULTS: 143 participants (53% men) were diagnosed with new-onset HF and 385 individuals (52% men) were diagnosed with new-onset AF during follow-up for 17years. Blood cadmium in the sex-specific 4th quartile of the distribution was significantly associated with incidence of HF. The (HR, 4th vs 1st quartile) was 2.64 (95% CI 1.60 to 4.36), adjusted for age, and 1.95 (1.02 to 3.71) after adjustment also for conventional risk factors and biomarkers. The blood cadmium level was not significantly associated with risk of incident AF. CONCLUSIONS: Blood cadmium levels in the 4th quartile were associated with increased incidence of HF in this cohort with comparatively low exposure to cadmium. Incidence of AF was not associated with cadmium. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.
  •  
24.
  • Borné, Yan, et al. (författare)
  • Complement C3 Associates With Incidence of Diabetes, but No Evidence of a Causal Relationship
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 102:12, s. 4477-4485
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose: This study explored whether complement factor 3 (C3) in plasma is associated with incidence of diabetes in a population-based cohort. We also identified genetic variants related to C3 and explored whether C3 and diabetes share common genetic determinants.Methods: C3 was analyzed in plasma from 4368 nondiabetic subjects, 46 to 68 years old, from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study. Incidence of diabetes was studied in relationship to C3 levels during 17.7± 4.4 years of follow-up. Genotypes associated with C3 were identified in a genome-wide association study. Diabetes Genetics Replication and Meta-Analysis and the European Genetic Database were used for in silico look-up.Results: In all, 538 (12.3%) subjects developed diabetes during 18 years of follow-up. High C3 was significantly associated with incidence of diabetes after risk factor adjustments (hazard ratio comparing 4th vs 1st quartile, 1.54 (95% confidence interval, 1.13 to 2.09; P = 0.005). C3 was associated with polymorphisms at the complement factor H locus (P < 10-8). However, no relationship with diabetes was observed for this locus. Another eight loci were associated with C3 with P < 10-5. One of them, the glucose kinase regulatory protein (GCKR) locus, has been previously associated with diabetes. The relationship between C3 levels and the GCKR locus was replicated in the European Genetic Database cohort.Conclusions: Plasma concentration of C3 is a risk marker for incidence of diabetes. The results suggest that this association could, in part, be explained by pleiotropic effects related to the GCKR gene.
  •  
25.
  • Borné, Yan, et al. (författare)
  • Country of birth and risk of hospitalization due to heart failure : a Swedish population-based cohort study
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 26:4, s. 275-283
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • To explore the relation between country of birth and risk of hospitalization due to heart failure (HF). All 40-89 year-old inhabitants in the city of Malmö, Sweden (n = 114,917, of whom 15.2% were born outside Sweden) were followed from November 1st, 1990 until December 31st, 2007. During a mean follow-up of 13.5 ± 5.3 years, a total of 7,640 individuals (47.4% men) were discharged from hospital with first-ever HF as primary diagnosis. Of them, 1,243 individuals had myocardial infarction (MI) before or concurrent with the HF hospitalization. The risk of HF was compared between immigrants from selected countries and Swedish natives. The overall analysis showed substantial differences among immigrant groups (P < 0.001). Compared to Swedish natives, significantly increased HF risk was found among immigrants from Finland (HR (hazard ratio): 1.40; 95% CI, 1.10-1.81), Former Yugoslavia (1.45: 1.23-1.72) and Hungary (1.48: 1.16-1.89), taking age, sex, marital status, annual income and housing condition into account. Analysis results were similar when cases with MI before or concurrent with the HF hospitalization were included in the analysis. In general, the risk of HF was significantly higher among immigrants from high-income and middle-income countries. Marital status, annual income and housing condition were also significant independent risk factors for HF in this population. There are substantial differences in risk of hospitalization due to HF among immigrants from different countries that can not be explained by socioeconomic factors. To what extent these differences could be explained by biological risk factors remains to be explored.
  •  
26.
  • Borné, Yan, et al. (författare)
  • Genome wide association study identifies two loci associated with cadmium in erythrocytes among never-smokers
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Hum Mol Genet. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 25:11, s. 2342-2348
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Cadmium is a non-essential toxic metal with multiple adverse health effects. Exposure in the general population occurs by smoking and diet. Cadmium in erythrocytes is a valid biomarker of exposure and body burden of cadmium. Objectives: We aimed to identify genetic variants related to concentrations of cadmium in erythrocytes. Methods: Erythrocyte cadmium was analyzed in 4432 individuals (1728 never smokers) from the Swedish population-based Malmo Diet and Cancer cohort. Genotyping was performed using the Illumina HumanOmniExpressExome Bead chip with genome-wide coverage. Genome wide analyses were performed in the whole sample and in never smokers. Results: No single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) reached a genome-wide significant association with erythrocyte cadmium in the whole sample. However, in never smokers, 14 variants showed genome-wide significant relationships with erythrocyte cadmium after adjusting for age and sex. Thirteen variants were in linkage disequilibrium on chromosome 8q13.3 in the XKR9 and LACTB2 genes. The lead SNP on 8q13.3 was rs12681420 (minor allele G, minor allele frequency [MAF] = 0.46, beta: -0.11, P = 3.48 x 10(-11)), an intron variant within the XKR9 gene. The other significant locus, rs17574271 (minor allele C, MAF = 0.09, beta: 0.17, P = 6.18 x 10(-9)), was an intron variant within the DLGAP1 gene at chromosome 18p11.31. Conclusion: This genome-wide study of never smokers from the general population identified two independent regions related to erythrocyte cadmium. The strongest locus covers the XKR9 and LACTB2 genes, which both could have related functions in cadmium absorption and metabolism. Replication studies are needed to confirm the findings and mechanisms should be further investigated.
  •  
27.
  • Borné, Yan, et al. (författare)
  • Immigrant status and increased risk of heart failure: the role of hypertension and life-style risk factors
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2261. ; 12:20
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Studies from Sweden have reported association between immigrant status and incidence of cardiovascular diseases. The nature of this relationship is unclear. We investigated the relationship between immigrant status and risk of heart failure (HF) hospitalization in a population-based cohort, and to what extent this is mediated by hypertension and life-style risk factors. We also explored whether immigrant status was related to case-fatality after HF. Methods: 26,559 subjects without history of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke or HF from the community-based Malmo Diet and Cancer (MDC) cohort underwent a baseline examination during 1991-1996. Incidence of HF hospitalizations was monitored during a mean follow-up of 15 years. Results: 3,129 (11.8%) subjects were born outside Sweden. During follow-up, 764 subjects were hospitalized with HF as primary diagnosis, of whom 166 had an MI before or concurrent with the HF. After adjustment for potential confounding factors, the hazard ratios (HR) for foreign-born were 1.37 (95% CI: 1.08-1.73, p = 0.009) compared to native Swedes, for HF without previous MI. The results were similar in a secondary analysis without censoring at incident MI. There was a significant interaction (p < 0.001) between immigrant status and waist circumference (WC), and the increased HF risk was limited to immigrants with high WC. Although not significant foreign-born tended to have lower one-month and one-year mortality after HF. Conclusions: Immigrant status was associated with long-term risk of HF hospitalization, independently of hypertension and several life-style risk factors. A significant interaction between WC and immigrant status on incident HF was observed.
  •  
28.
  • Borné, Yan (författare)
  • Incidence of heart failure in an urban population
  • 2012
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The overall aim of the thesis was to study heart failure (HF) in an urban population, with reference to immigrant status, biological, life style and socioeconomic risk factors. The thesis is based on four papers. Paper I included inhabitants (N=114,917; aged 40-89 years) in the city of Malmö, Sweden, followed from November 1st, 1990 until December 31st, 2007. Paper II-IV used the population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort (n=28,449; aged 45-73 years),followed from 1991-1996 until December 31st, 2008 or June 30th, 2009. Cases of HF were retrieved through the Swedish Hospital Discharge Register. Information on background characteristics in paper I was retrieved from the Population and Housing Census and the Swedish total population register. Participants in paper II-IV underwent sampling of peripheral venous blood, measurement of blood pressure and anthropometric measures and filled out a self-administered questionnaire. The risk of HF hospitalization was significantly higher among immigrants from Finland, Former Yugoslavia and Hungary compared to Swedish natives, after taking marital status, annual income and housing conditions into account. Furthermore, foreign-born had a significantly higher risk for HF hospitalization independently of hypertension, socioeconomic and several life-style risk factors. A significant interaction was seen between waist circumference and immigrant status on incident HF hospitalization; the increased HF risk was limited to immigrants with high waist circumference. Elevated body mass index, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, body fat percentage and weight increased the risk of HF hospitalization in both sexes, independently of several sociodemographic, life style and biological factors. The joint exposure of high body mass index and high waist-hip ratio, or waist circumference, further increased the risk for HF hospitalization. In addition, the top quartile compared to the bottom quartile of red cell distribution width had a significantly higher risk for HF hospitalization after adjusting for other risk factors. In conclusion, there are substantial differences in risk of hospitalization due to HF among immigrants from different countries. Immigrant status was associated with risk of HF hospitalization independently of hypertension, socioeconomic and several life-style risk factors. Obesity is a risk factor for HF hospitalization, and the joint exposure to high body mass index and high waist-hip ratio or waist circumference further increased the HF risk. Red cell distribution width was found to be associated with long-term incidence of first hospitalization due to HF among middle-aged subjects.
  •  
29.
  • Borné, Yan, et al. (författare)
  • Increased plasma level of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor is associated with incidence of heart failure but not atrial fibrillation.
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Heart Failure. - : Wiley. - 1879-0844 .- 1388-9842. ; 16:4, s. 377-383
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) in plasma is a novel inflammatory marker thought to be released from the cell surface of neutrophils, T cells, and macrophages. Other inflammatory markers, mainly acute phase proteins produced in the liver, have been associated with the incidence of heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF). We investigated the association between suPAR and incident HF and AF in a population-based cohort.
  •  
30.
  •  
31.
  • Borné, Yan, et al. (författare)
  • Red cell distribution width and risk for first hospitalization due to heart failure: a population-based cohort study.
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: European Journal of Heart Failure. - : Wiley. - 1879-0844 .- 1388-9842. ; 13, s. 1355-1361
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • AIMS: Red cell distribution width (RDW) has been associated with cardiovascular disease, but the relation to heart failure (HF) is unclear. We investigated the association between RDW and incidence of first hospitalization due to HF in a population-based cohort. METHODS AND RESULTS: Red cell distribution width was measured in 26 784 subjects (aged 45-73 years, 61% women), without history of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke or HF, who participated in the Malmö Diet and Cancer study during 1991-1996. Incidence of HF was identified from the national Swedish hospital discharge register during a mean follow-up of 15 years and studied in relation to RDW. During follow-up, 773 subjects (55% men) were hospitalized due to HF, of whom 166 had an MI before or concurrent with the HF. After adjustment for potential confounding factors (including history of coronary revascularization, biological, lifestyle, and socio-economic factors), the hazard ratios (HR) for HF were 1.47 (95% CI: 1.14-1.89) in the top compared with the bottom quartile of RDW (P for trend 0.005), censoring subjects with incident MI before HF. The results were similar when all hospitalized HF cases were included (HR: 1.33, 1.07-1.66), (P for trend 0.020). After additional adjustment for N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, cystatin C and high-sensitive C-reactive protein in a randomly selected subcohort (n= 4761), HR was 1.64 (CI: 0.90-3.00) comparing the top vs. bottom quartile of RDW. CONCLUSION: Red cell distribution width was found to be associated with long-term incidence of first hospitalization due to HF among middle-aged subjects.
  •  
32.
  •  
33.
  • Borné, Yan, et al. (författare)
  • Socioeconomic circumstances and incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in an urban population in Sweden
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1541-2555 .- 1541-2563. ; 16:1, s. 51-57
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The association between socioeconomic circumstances and incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was investigated in an urban population in Sweden. The study included all 40–89 year-old inhabitants in Malmö, Sweden (N = 117,479) without previous hospitalization due to COPD, who were followed over 14 years for COPD related hospital admissions. The Malmö Preventive Project (MPP) cohort (n = 27,358) with information on biological and lifestyle factors was also used to study the association between socioeconomic circumstances and COPD. The Swedish hospital discharge register was used to record incidence of COPD hospitalizations. A total of 2,877 individuals (47.5% men) were discharged from hospital with COPD as the primary diagnosis during follow-up in Malmö. Low annual income (hazard ratio (HR): 2.23; 95%CI: 1.97–2.53, P < 0.001) and rented (vs. self-owned) housing (HR: 1.41; 1.30–1.52, P < 0.001) were associated with a higher risk for COPD. In addition, compared to married subjects, divorced (HR: 1.61; 1.46–1.78, P < 0.001) and widowed (HR: 1.30; 1.16–1.46, P < 0.001) individuals had an increased risk for hospitalization due to COPD. Low income, low occupation and being divorced or widowed were similarly associated with COPD in the MPP cohort, after adjustments for smoking, FEV 1 , BMI, age and sex. However, socioeconomic circumstances were not associated with COPD in analyses restricted to never smokers. Low socioeconomic circumstances were associated with an increased risk of COPD after adjustments for biological and lifestyle risk factors including smoking status. However, this relationship was not significant in those who never smoked.
  •  
34.
  • Borné, Yan, et al. (författare)
  • Total and Differential Leukocyte Counts in Relation to Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Population-Based Cohort Study.
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 11:2
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: High concentrations of leukocytes in blood have been associated with diabetes mellitus. This prospective study aimed to explore whether total and differential leukocyte counts are associated with incidence of diabetes. A missense variant R262W in the SH2B3 (SH2B adaptor protein 3) gene, coding for a protein that negatively regulates hematopoietic cell proliferation, was also studied in relation to incidence of diabetes. METHODS AND RESULTS: Leukocyte count and its subtypes (neutrophils, lymphocytes and mixed cells) were analyzed in 26,667 men and women, 45-73 years old, from the population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer study. Information about the R262W polymorphism (rs3184504) in SH2B3 was genotyped in 24,489 subjects. Incidence of diabetes was studied during a mean follow-up of 14 years. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to examine incidence of diabetes by total and differential leukocyte counts. Mendelian randomization analysis using R262W as an instrumental variable was performed with two-stage least squares regression. A total of 2,946 subjects developed diabetes during the follow-up period. After taking several possible confounders into account, concentrations of total leukocyte count, neutrophils and lymphocytes were all significantly associated with incidence of diabetes. The adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval; quartile 4 vs quartile 1) were 1.37 (1.22-1.53) for total leukocytes, 1.33 (1.19-1.49) for neutrophils and 1.29 (1.15-1.44) for lymphocytes. The R262W polymorphism was strongly associated with leukocytes (0.11x109 cells/l per T allele, p = 1.14 x10-12), lymphocytes (p = 4.3 x10-16), neutrophils (p = 8.0 x10-6) and mixed cells (p = 3.0 x10-6). However, there was no significant association between R262W and fasting glucose, HbA1c or incidence of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Concentrations of total leukocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes are associated with incidence of diabetes. However, the lack of association with the R262W polymorphism suggests that the associations may not be causal, although limitations in statistical power and balancing pleiotropic effects cannot be excluded.
  •  
35.
  •  
36.
  • Carlsson, A. C., et al. (författare)
  • Prediction of cardiovascular disease by abdominal obesity measures is dependent on body weight and sex - Results from two community based cohort studies
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: NMCD. Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases. - : Elsevier BV. - 0939-4753 .- 1590-3729. ; 24:8, s. 891-899
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Aim: To study waist-hip ratio (WHR), waist circumference (WC), sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD), and waist-hip-height ratio (WHHR) as predictors of CVD, in men and women stratified by BMI (cut-off >= 25). Methods and results: A cohort of n = 3741 (53% women) 60-year old individuals without CVD was followed for 11-years (375 CVD cases). To replicate the results, we also assessed another large independent cohort; The Malmo Diet and Cancer study - cardiovascular cohort (MDCC, (n = 5180, 60% women, 602 CVD cases during 16-years). After adjustment for established risk factors in normal-weight women, the hazard ratio (HR) per one standard deviation (SD) were; WHR; 1.91 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.35-2.70), WC; 1.81 (95% CI 1.02-3.20), SAD; 1.25 (95% CI 0.74-2.11), and WHHR; 1.97 (95% CI 1.40-2.78). In men the association with WHR, WHHR and WC were not significant, whereas SAD was the only measure that significantly predicted CVD in men (HR 1.19 (95% CI 1.04-1.35). After adjustments for established risk factors in overweight/obese women, none of the measures were significantly associated with CVD risk. In men, however, all measures were significant predictors; WHR; 1.24 (955 CI 1.04-1.47), WC 1.19 (95% CI 1.00-1.42), SAD 1.21 (95% CI 1.00-1.46), and WHHR; 1.23 (95% CI 1.05-1.44). Only the findings in men with BMI >= 25 were verified in MDCC. Conclusion: In normal weight individuals, WHHR and WHR were the best predictors in women, whereas SAD was the only independent predictor in men. Among overweight/obese individuals all measures failed to predict CVD in women, whereas WHHR was the strongest predictor after adjustments for CVD risk factors in men.
  •  
37.
  • Carlsson, Axel, et al. (författare)
  • Differences in anthropometric measures in immigrants and Swedish-born individuals : results from two community-based cohort studies
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Preventive Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0091-7435 .- 1096-0260. ; 69, s. 151-156
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • AIM: To study differences in body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), waist circumference (WC), sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD), waist-hip-height ratio (WHHR) and percent body fat in immigrants and Swedish-born men and women in two large population-based samples.METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis of 60-year-old individuals, n=4 232. To replicate the results, we also assessed another large independent cohort cross-sectionally, the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDC, n=26 777). The data from both cohorts were collected in the 1990s in Sweden.RESULTS: Significant differences between Finnish-born, Middle Eastern and women from the rest of the world were seen for all anthropometric measures, using Swedish-born women as referent. However, WHHR was the only anthropometric measure that identified all these three groups of immigrant women as different from Swedish-born women with high statistical certainty (p<0.001). Apart from WHHR that identified differences in anthropometry in all immigrant groups of men using Swedish-born men as referent, few significant differences were seen in anthropometry among groups of immigrant men. These finding were observed in both cohorts, and remained after adjustments for smoking, physical activity and educational level.CONCLUSION: The present study confirms previous findings of more obesity among immigrants and is the first to report that WHHR measurements may detect anthropometric differences between different ethnic groups better than other anthropometrical measures.
  •  
38.
  • Chen, Ning, et al. (författare)
  • Sex-Specific Associations of Circulating Uric Acid with Risk of Diabetes Incidence : A Population-Based Cohort Study from Sweden
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy. - 1178-7007. ; 13, s. 4323-4331
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: To explore the longitudinal, as well as sex-specific, associations between circulating uric acid (UA) and diabetes incidence.Methods: A cohort study of the Malmö Diet Cancer-cardiovascular Cohort (Malmö, Sweden) consisting of 3140 individuals without diabetes at baseline, was followed up until the end of 2018. Incident diabetes cases were identified by linking to local and national diabetes registers. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to assess plasma UA levels in relation to diabetes incidence with adjustment for established confounders.Results: At baseline, with increasing levels of UA, subjects were more likely to be older and have significantly higher body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides, C-reactive protein, fasting glucose and 2-h plasma glucose postoral glucose tolerance test, and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein. During a mean follow-up period of 8.09±2.24 years, 315 (10.0%) participants developed diabetes, and diabetes incidence rates were 7.89, 9.48 and 18.11 per 1000 person-years for subjects in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd tertiles of UA, respectively (log-rank test: p<0.001). With adjustment for potential confounders, elevated UA levels were significantly associated with increased risks of diabetes incidence, with the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval) for per standard deviation increment of UA of 1.22 (1.08-1.39, p=0.002). Compared with the 1st tertile of UA, the 3rd tertile showed significantly increased risk of diabetes incidence with the adjusted HR of 1.74 (1.24-2.45, p=0.002), and there was a significant trend between increasing tertiles of UA and diabetes incidence (trend test: p<0.001). Stratified analyses showed that elevated circulating UA levels were independently associated with increased risks of diabetes incidence in men but not in women, although the interaction between sex and UA was not statistically significant.Conclusion: Elevated circulating UA was independently associated with increased risk of diabetes incidence, especially for men.
  •  
39.
  • Chen, X., et al. (författare)
  • A genome-wide association study of IgM antibody against phosphorylcholine: shared genetics and phenotypic relationship to chronic lymphocytic leukemia
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 27:10, s. 1809-1818
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Phosphorylcholine (PC) is an epitope on oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), apoptotic cells and several pathogens like Streptococcus pneumoniae. Immunoglobulin M against PC (IgM anti-PC) has the ability to inhibit uptake of oxLDL by macrophages and increase clearance of apoptotic cells. From our genome-wide association studies (GWASs) in four European-ancestry cohorts, six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 11q24.1 were discovered (in 3002 individuals) and replicated (in 646 individuals) to be associated with serum level of IgM anti-PC (the leading SNP rs35923643-G, combined beta = 0.19, 95% confidence interval 0.13-0.24, P = 4.3 x 10-11). The haplotype tagged by rs35923643-G (or its proxy SNP rs735665-A) is also known as the top risk allele for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and a main increasing allele for general IgM. By using summary GWAS results of IgM anti-PC and CLL in the polygenic risk score (PRS) analysis, PRS on the basis of IgM anti-PC risk alleles positively associated with CLL risk (explained 0.6% of CLL variance, P = 1.2 x 10-15). Functional prediction suggested that rs35923643-G might impede the binding of Runt-related transcription factor 3, a tumor suppressor playing a central role in the immune regulation of cancers. Contrary to the expectations from the shared genetics between IgM anti-PC and CLL, an inverse relationship at the phenotypic level was found in a nested case-control study (30 CLL cases with 90 age- and sex-matched controls), potentially reflecting reverse causation. The suggested function of the top variant as well as the phenotypic association between IgM anti-PC and CLL risk needs replication and motivates further studies.
  •  
40.
  • Cordova, Reynalda, et al. (författare)
  • Consumption of ultra-processed foods and risk of multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases : a multinational cohort study
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: The Lancet Regional Health - Europe. - 2666-7762. ; 35
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: It is currently unknown whether ultra-processed foods (UPFs) consumption is associated with a higher incidence of multimorbidity. We examined the relationship of total and subgroup consumption of UPFs with the risk of multimorbidity defined as the co-occurrence of at least two chronic diseases in an individual among first cancer at any site, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study including 266,666 participants (60% women) free of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes at recruitment from seven European countries in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Foods and drinks consumed over the previous 12 months were assessed at baseline by food-frequency questionnaires and classified according to their degree of processing using Nova classification. We used multistate modelling based on Cox regression to estimate cause-specific hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations of total and subgroups of UPFs with the risk of multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases. Findings: After a median of 11.2 years of follow-up, 4461 participants (39% women) developed multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases. Higher UPF consumption (per 1 standard deviation increment, ∼260 g/day without alcoholic drinks) was associated with an increased risk of multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases (HR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.12). Among UPF subgroups, associations were most notable for animal-based products (HR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.12), and artificially and sugar-sweetened beverages (HR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.12). Other subgroups such as ultra-processed breads and cereals (HR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.94, 1.00) or plant-based alternatives (HR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.91, 1.02) were not associated with risk. Interpretation: Our findings suggest that higher consumption of UPFs increases the risk of cancer and cardiometabolic multimorbidity. Funding: Austrian Academy of Sciences, Fondation de France, Cancer Research UK, World Cancer Research Fund International, and the Institut National du Cancer.
  •  
41.
  • Debras, Charlotte, et al. (författare)
  • Dietary intake of dicarbonyl compounds and changes in body weight over time in a large cohort of European adults
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: British Journal of Nutrition. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0007-1145 .- 1475-2662. ; 131:11, s. 1902-1914
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Dicarbonyl compounds are highly reactive precursors of Advanced Glycation End-products (AGEs), produced endogenously, present in certain foods, and formed during food processing. AGEs contribute to development of adverse metabolic outcomes but health effects of dietary dicarbonyls are largely unexplored. We investigated associations between three dietary dicarbonyl compounds, methylglyoxal (MGO), glyoxal (GO), and 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG), and body-weight changes in European adults. Dicarbonyl intakes were estimated using food composition database from 263,095 EPIC-PANACEA participants with two body-weight assessments (median follow-up time=5.4y). Associations between dicarbonyls and 5-year body-weight changes were estimated using mixed linear regression models. Stratified analyses by sex, age, and baseline BMI were performed. Risk of becoming overweight/obese was assessed using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression. MGO intake was associated with 5-year body-weight gain of 0.089kg (per 1-SD increase, 95%CI=0.072, 0.107). 3-DG was inversely associated with body-weight change (-0.076kg, -0.094, -0.058). No significant association was observed for GO (0.018kg, -0.002, 0.037). In stratified analyses, GO was associated with body-weight gain among women and older participants (above median of 52.4y). MGO was associated with higher body-weight gain among older participants. 3-DG was inversely associated with body-weight gain among younger and normal-weight participants. MGO was associated with higher risk of becoming overweight/obese, while inverse associations were observed for 3-DG. No associations were observed for GO with overweight/obesity. Dietary dicarbonyls are inconsistently associated with body-weight change among European adults. Further research is needed to clarify the role of these food components in overweight and obesity, their underlying mechanisms, and potential public-health implications.
  •  
42.
  • Dukuzimana, Justine, et al. (författare)
  • High consumption of dairy products and risk of major adverse coronary events and stroke in a Swedish population
  • Ingår i: British Journal of Nutrition. - 1475-2662. ; , s. 1-12
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The association between the consumption of dairy products and risk of CVD has been inconsistent. There is a lack of studies in populations with high intakes of dairy products. We aimed to examine the association between intake of dairy products and risk of incident major adverse coronary events and stroke in the Swedish Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort study. We included 26 190 participants without prevalent CVD or diabetes. Dietary habits were obtained from a modified diet history, and endpoint data were extracted from registers. Over an average of 19 years of follow-up, 3633 major adverse coronary events cases and 2643 stroke cases were reported. After adjusting for potential confounders, very high intakes of non-fermented milk (>1000 g/d) compared with low intakes (<200 g/d) were associated with 35 % (95 % CI (8, 69)) higher risk of major adverse coronary events. In contrast, moderate intakes of fermented milk (100-300 g/d) were associated with a lower risk of major adverse coronary events compared with no consumption. Intakes of cheese (only in women) and butter were inversely associated with the risk of major adverse coronary events. We observed no clear associations between any of the dairy products and stroke risk. These results highlight the importance of studying different dairy foods separately. Further studies in populations with high dairy consumption are warranted.
  •  
43.
  • Fagerberg, Björn, 1943, et al. (författare)
  • Cadmium exposure and atherosclerotic carotid plaques -Results from the Malmo diet and Cancer study
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Environmental Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0013-9351 .- 1096-0953. ; 136, s. 67-74
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Epidemiological studies indicate that cadmium exposure through diet and smoking is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. There are few data on the relationship between cadmium and plaques, the hallmark of underlying atherosclerotic disease. Objectives: To examine the association between exposure to cadmium and the prevalence and size of atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid artery. Methods: A population sample of 4639 Swedish middle-aged women and men was examined in 1991-1994. Carotid plaque was determined by B-mode ultrasound. Cadmium in blood was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results: Comparing quartile 4 with quartile 1 of blood cadmium, the odds ratio (OR) for prevalence of any plaque was 1.9 (95% confidence interval 1.6-2.2) after adjustment for sex and, age; 1.4 (1.1-1.8) after additional adjustment for smoking status; 1.4 (1.1-1.7) after the addition of education level and life style factors; 1.3 (1.03-1.8) after additional adjustment for risk factors and predictors of cardiovascular disease. No effect modification by sex was found in the cadmium-related prevalence of plaques. Similarly, ORs for the prevalence of small and large plaques were after full adjustment 1.4 (1.0-2.1) and 1.4 (0.9-2.0), respectively. The subgroup of never smokers showed no association between cadmium and atherosclerotic plaques. Conclusions: These results extend previous studies on cadmium exposure and clinical cardiovascular events by adding data on the association between cadmium and underlying atherosclerosis in humans. The role of smoking remains unclear. It may both cause residual confounding and be a source of proatherogenic cadmium exposure. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND
  •  
44.
  • Fagerberg, Björn, 1943, et al. (författare)
  • Cadmium exposure is associated with soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor, a circulating marker of inflammation and future cardiovascular disease
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Environmental Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0013-9351 .- 1096-0953. ; 152
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background Diet and smoking are the main sources of cadmium exposure in the general population. Cadmium increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, and experimental studies show that it induces inflammation. Blood cadmium levels are associated with macrophages in human atherosclerotic plaques. Soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is an emerging biomarker for cardiovascular events related to inflammation and atherosclerotic plaques. The aim was to examine whether blood cadmium levels are associated with circulating suPAR and other markers of inflammation. Methods A population sample of 4648 Swedish middle-aged women and men was examined cross-sectionally in 1991–1994. Plasma suPAR was assessed by ELISA, leukocytes were measured by standard methods, and blood cadmium was analysed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Prevalent cardiovascular disease, ultrasound-assessed carotid plaque occurrence, and several possible confounding factors were recorded. Results After full adjustment for risk factors and confounding variables, a 3-fold increase in blood cadmium was associated with an 10.9% increase in suPAR concentration (p<0.001). In never-smokers, a 3-fold increase in blood cadmium was associated with a 3.7% increase in suPAR concentration (p<0.01) after full adjustment. Blood cadmium was not associated with C-reactive protein, white blood cell count and Lp-PLA2 but with neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio in one of two statistical models. Conclusions Exposure to cadmium was associated with increased plasma suPAR in the general population, independently of smoking and cardiovascular disease. These results imply that cadmium is a possible cause for raised levels of this inflammatory marker. ©
  •  
45.
  • Fagerberg, Björn, 1943, et al. (författare)
  • Circulating cadmium concentration and risk of aortic aneurysms: A nested case-control study within the Malmo Diet and Cancer cohort
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150. ; 261, s. 37-43
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background and aims: Diet and smoking expose the general population to cadmium (Cd), which is a toxic metal that accumulates in the arterial wall. In experimental studies, Cd causes reductions in proliferation of smooth muscle cells and cellular synthesis of procollagen. The aim of this study was to examine whether blood Cd levels, a valid measure of Cd exposure, are associated with increased risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Methods: All middle-aged men and women enrolled in the Malmo Diet and Cancer study (n = 30 447) were followed from the baseline examination in 1991-1996 through 2009. A total of 297 cases with AAA and two randomly selected control subjects for each case, matched for age and sex, were included. Blood Cd was analysed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Diagnoses of AAA, thoracic aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection were obtained from registers. Results: Increased blood Cd was associated with increased risk of incident AAA after adjustment for smoking and other established risk factors for AAA. The highest tertile of blood Cd concentrations had a rate ratio of 2.5 (95% confidence interval 1.3, 5.0) for incident AAA. Concentration of blood Cd (log transformed) was not associated with AAA in never-smokers (n = 24). Conclusions: Blood Cd levels corresponding to the upper tertile of the distribution in the age-and sex-matched control group were associated with a 2.5-fold increase in rate ratio for incident AAA. This relationship was not found in the small group of never-smokers. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
  •  
46.
  • Frondelius, Kasper, et al. (författare)
  • Lifestyle and dietary determinants of serum apolipoprotein A1 and apolipoprotein B concentrations : Cross-sectional analyses within a Swedish Cohort of 24,984 individuals
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643. ; 9:3
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Low serum apolipoprotein (Apo) A1 concentrations and high serum ApoB concentrations may be better markers of the risk of cardiovascular disease than high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). However, the associations between modifiable lifestyle factors and Apo concentrations have not been investigated in detail. Therefore, this study investigated the associations between Apo concentrations and education, lifestyle factors and dietary intake (macronutrients and 34 food groups). These cross-sectional associations were examined among 24,984 individuals in a Swedish population-based cohort. Baseline examinations of the cohort were conducted between 1991 and 1996. Dietary intake was assessed using a modified diet history method. The main determinants of high ApoA1 concentrations (r between 0.05 and 0.25) were high alcohol consumption, high physical activity, non-smoking, and a low body mass index (BMI), and the main determinants of high ApoB concentrations were smoking and a high BMI. The intake of sucrose and food products containing added sugar (such as pastries, sweets, chocolate, jam/sugar and sugar-sweetened beverages) was negatively correlated with ApoA1 concentrations and positively correlated with ApoB concentrations and the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio, whereas the intake of fermented dairy products, such as fermented milk and cheese, was positively correlated with ApoA1 concentrations and negatively correlated with the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio. These results indicate that smoking, obesity, low physical activity, low alcohol consumption and a diet high in sugar and low in fermented dairy products are correlated with an unfavorable Apo profile.
  •  
47.
  • Gambelunghe, A., et al. (författare)
  • Low-level exposure to lead, blood pressure, and hypertension in a population-based cohort
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Environmental Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0013-9351. ; 149, s. 157-163
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Environmental lead exposure is a possible causative factor for increased blood pressure and hypertension, but large studies at low-level exposure are scarce, and results inconsistent. Objective: We aimed to examine the effects of environmental exposure to lead in a large population based sample. Methods: We assessed associations between blood lead and systolic/diastolic blood pressure and hypertension in 4452 individuals (46-67 years) living in Malmo, Sweden, in 1991-1994. Blood pressure was measured using a mercury sphygmomanometer after 10 min supine rest. Hypertension was defined as high systolic ( >= 140 mmHg) or diastolic ( >= 90 mmHg) blood pressure and/or current use of anti hypertensive medication. Blood lead was calculated from lead in erythrocytes and haematocrit. Multi variable associations between blood lead and blood pressure or hypertension were assessed by linear and logistic regression. Two-thirds of the cohort was re-examined 16 years later. Results: At baseline, mean blood pressure was 141/87 mmHg, 16% used antihypertensive medication, 63% had hypertension, and mean blood lead was 28 mu g/L. Blood lead in the fourth quartile was associated with significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure (point estimates: 1-2 mmHg) and increased prevalence of hypertension (odds ratio: 1.3, 95% confidence interval: 1.1-1.5) versus the other quartiles after adjustment for sex, age, smoking, alcohol, waist circumference, and education. Associations were also significant with blood lead as a continuous variable. Blood lead at baseline, having a halflife of about one month, was not associated with antihypertensive treatment at the 16-year follow-up. Conclusions: Low-level lead exposure increases blood pressure and may increase the risk of hypertension.
  •  
48.
  • Glans, Isabelle, et al. (författare)
  • Association Between Dietary Habits in Midlife With Dementia Incidence Over a 20-Year Period
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Neurology. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 0028-3878 .- 1526-632X. ; 100:1, s. E28-E37
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background and ObjectivesDementia cases are expected to triple during the next 30 years, highlighting the importance of finding modifiable risk factors for dementia. The aim of this study was to investigate whether adherence to conventional dietary recommendations or to a modified Mediterranean diet are associated with a subsequent lower risk of developing all-cause dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), or with future accumulation of AD-related beta-amyloid (A beta) pathology.MethodsBaseline examination in the prospective Swedish population-based Malmo Diet and Cancer Study took place in 1991-1996 with a follow-up for incident dementia until 2014. Nondemented individuals born 1923-1950 and living in Malmo were invited to participate. Thirty thousand four hundred forty-six were recruited (41% of all eligible). Twenty-eight thousand twenty-five had dietary data and were included in this study. Dietary habits were assessed with a 7-day food diary, detailed food frequency questionnaire, and 1-hour interview. Main outcomes were incident all-cause dementia, AD, or VaD determined by memory clinic physicians. Secondary outcome was A beta-accumulation measured using CSF A beta 42 (n = 738). Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine associations between diet and risk of developing dementia (adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, smoking, physical activity, and alcohol).ResultsSixty-one percent were women, and the mean (SD) age was 58.1 (7.6) years. One thousand nine hundred forty-three (6.9%) were diagnosed with dementia (median follow-up, 19.8 years). Individuals adhering to conventional dietary recommendations did not have lower risk of developing all-cause dementia (hazard ratio [HR] comparing worst with best adherence, 0.93, 95% CI 0.81-1.08), AD (HR 1.03, 0.85-1.23), or VaD (HR 0.93, 0.69-1.26). Neither did adherence to the modified Mediterranean diet lower the risk of developing all-cause dementia (HR 0.93 0.75-1.15), AD (HR 0.90, 0.68-1.19), or VaD (HR 1.00, 0.65-1.55). The results were similar when excluding participants developing dementia within 5 years or those with diabetes. No significant associations were found between diet and abnormal A beta accumulation, conventional recommendations (OR 1.28, 0.74-2.24) or modified Mediterranean diet (OR 0.85, 0.39-1.84).DiscussionIn this 20-year follow-up study, neither adherence to conventional dietary recommendations nor to modified Mediterranean diet were significantly associated with subsequent reduced risk for developing all-cause dementia, AD dementia, VaD, or AD pathology.
  •  
49.
  • González-Padilla, Esther, et al. (författare)
  • Association between Adherence to Swedish Dietary Guidelines and Mediterranean Diet and Risk of Stroke in a Swedish Population
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643. ; 14:6
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Dietary factors associated with stroke risk are still rather unknown. The aim was to examine the association between adherence to healthy dietary patterns and incidence of stroke among 25,840 individuals from the Swedish Malmö Diet and Cancer Study cohort. Dietary data were obtained using a combination of a 7-day food record, diet questionnaire, and interview. A Swedish Dietary Guidelines Score (SDGS), including five dietary components based on the current Swedish dietary guidelines, and a modified Mediterranean diet score (mMDS), composed of ten dietary components, were constructed. Over a mean follow-up period of 19.5 years, 2579 stroke cases, of which 80% were ischaemic, were identified through national registers. Weak, non-significant associations were found between the dietary indices and the risk of stroke. However, after excluding potential misreporters and individuals with unstable food habits (35% of the population), we observed significant inverse association (p-trend < 0.05) between SDGS and mMDS and total and ischaemic stroke (HR per point for total stroke: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.92–1.00 for SDGS and 0.95; 95% CI: 0.91–0.99 for mMDS). In conclusion, high quality diet in line with the current Swedish dietary recommendations or Mediterranean diet may reduce the risk of total and ischaemic stroke.
  •  
50.
  • González-Padilla, Esther, et al. (författare)
  • Association between sugar intake and intima media thickness as a marker for atherosclerosis : A cross-sectional study in the Malmö diet and cancer study (Sweden)
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643. ; 13:5
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • It has been suggested that sugar intake may play a role in the development of atherosclero-sis. However, studies on this matter are lacking. Intima media thickness (IMT) is a well-established measurement of subclinical atherosclerosis. This study aimed to investigate the cross-sectional association between sugar intake (i.e., added, free and total sugar and sugar-rich foods and beverages) and IMT. Our study comprised 5269 individuals (45–73 years, 40% men) of the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study, a population-based cohort conducted in Sweden with data collected from 1991 to 1994. Measurements of IMT were performed with B-mode ultrasound at the right common carotid artery (IMTcca) and the bifurcation of the carotids (IMTbif). Dietary intake was estimated using a combina-tion of a 7-day food record, diet questionnaire and interview. After adjusting for methodological, lifestyle and dietary confounders, no statistically significant associations were observed for any of the sugar intake variables and IMT. For example, added sugar intake presented no significant linear association with IMTcca or IMTbif (Ptrends: IMTcca 0.81 for men and 0.98 for women and IMTbif 0.20 for men and 0.40 for women). In conclusion, we found no clear association between sugar intake and IMT measurements in this study.
  •  
Skapa referenser, mejla, bekava och länka
  • Resultat 1-50 av 112
Typ av publikation
tidskriftsartikel (110)
doktorsavhandling (1)
forskningsöversikt (1)
Typ av innehåll
refereegranskat (110)
övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt (2)
Författare/redaktör
Borné, Yan (111)
Engström, Gunnar (71)
Melander, Olle (36)
Hedblad, Bo (27)
Persson, Margaretha (26)
Sonestedt, Emily (24)
visa fler...
Orho-Melander, Marju (19)
Nilsson, Jan (18)
Barregård, Lars, 194 ... (17)
Fagerberg, Björn, 19 ... (15)
Sällsten, Gerd, 1952 (14)
Muhammad, Iram Faqir (14)
Niu, Kaijun (13)
Zhang, Shunming (13)
Nilsson, Peter M (10)
Söderholm, Martin (10)
Ericson, Ulrika (9)
Qi, Lu (9)
Li, Huiping (9)
Bao, Xue (8)
Smith, Gustav (7)
Nilsson, Peter (6)
Östling, Gerd (6)
Wang, Yaogang (6)
González-Padilla, Es ... (6)
Tjønneland, Anne (5)
Masala, Giovanna (5)
Liu, Li (5)
Lind, Lars (5)
Huybrechts, Inge (5)
Schulze, Matthias B. (5)
Forsgard, Niklas (5)
Pan, Jingxue (5)
Wang, Xing (5)
Zhang, Qing (5)
Zhou, Ming (5)
Janzi, Suzanne (5)
Gu, Yeqing (5)
Meng, Ge (5)
Wu, Hongmei (5)
Ärnlöv, Johan, 1970- (4)
Katzke, Verena (4)
Sun, Jiangming (4)
Bajracharya, Rashmit ... (4)
Guevara, Marcela (4)
Gigante, Bruna (4)
Forsgard, N. (4)
Harari, Florencia, 1 ... (4)
Ramne, Stina (4)
Zaigham, Suneela (4)
visa färre...
Lärosäte
Lunds universitet (111)
Göteborgs universitet (19)
Uppsala universitet (13)
Karolinska Institutet (9)
Högskolan Dalarna (5)
Umeå universitet (3)
visa fler...
Linköpings universitet (3)
Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (1)
Malmö universitet (1)
visa färre...
Språk
Engelska (112)
Forskningsämne (UKÄ/SCB)
Medicin och hälsovetenskap (110)

År

Kungliga biblioteket hanterar dina personuppgifter i enlighet med EU:s dataskyddsförordning (2018), GDPR. Läs mer om hur det funkar här.
Så här hanterar KB dina uppgifter vid användning av denna tjänst.

 
pil uppåt Stäng

Kopiera och spara länken för att återkomma till aktuell vy