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| 3. |
- Alborn, Sven-Eric, 1952, et al.
(author)
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Välja väg: Utredning, stöd och behandling vid alkohol- och narkotikaproblem
- 2023
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Alkohol- och narkotikaproblem är vanligt förekommande i vårt samhälle. Både de personer som har ett beroende och deras anhöriga drabbas, vilket är viktigt att beakta när samhället erbjuder vård, stöd och behandling. Välja väg är en kliniskt orienterad bok med omfattande forskningsbas som beskriver ett bra utredningsförfarande och grunderna för en kvalitativt god behandling och relevanta stödinsatser, oavsett metod och verksamhetsform. I fördjupande kapitel tar författarna upp bland annat motivation, psykiatrisk samsjuklighet, ungdomar, vård utan samtycke och individanpassning. Boken vänder sig till personal inom verksamheter som arbetar med personer som har alkohol- och narkotikaproblem och med samsjuklighet, samt till studenter som utbildar sig till exempelvis socionomer, psykologer, sjuksköterskor och beteendevetare.
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| 4. |
- Anderberg, Mats, et al.
(author)
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Mer än varannan ungdom med alkohol- och narkotikaproblem i öppenvården har erfarenhet av utsatthet i barndomen
- 2019
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In: Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift. - 0037-833X. ; 96:6, s. 786-799
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Few Swedish studies investigated experiences of childhood maltreatment in adolescents with substance use problems, especially in outpatient care. This study analyzed experiences of neglect and abuse during childhood in adol- escents (mean age 18 years) who started outpatient treatment for substance use problems. The results showed that several of them had experience of child maltreatment. Child maltreatment was also related to perceived pro- blems in the upbringing family, e.g. financial difficulties, substance use pro- blems, mental illness and violence in the family. This indicate the importance to investigate experiences of child maltreatment among adolescents in tre- atment for substance use problems, especially since there is evidence to- day that psychiatric co-morbidity (e.g. trauma reaction and drug problems) should be treated simultaneously to achieve the best effect.
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| 5. |
- Berglund, Kristina, 1969, et al.
(author)
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Impacts of alcohol consumption by mothers and fathers, parental monitoring, adolescent disclosure and novelty-seeking behaviour on the likelihood of alcohol use and inebriation among adolescents
- 2022
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In: International Journal of Adolescence and Youth. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0267-3843 .- 2164-4527. ; 27:1, s. 582-596
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this prospective cohort study was to examine how alcohol consumption by mothers and fathers, parental monitoring (knowledge, control and solicitation), adolescent disclosure and novelty seeking were associated with the likelihood of alcohol use and inebriation among adolescents in three different age groups (13-14 years, 14-15 years, and 17 years). The results showed that alcohol consumption by parents is of significance for adolescent alcohol consumption (odds ratio mothers: 1.47 [1.17-1.84], odds ratio fathers 1.33 [1.08-1.65]) and inebriation, especially in the 17-year-old age group. The results showed that novelty seeking was a strong risk factor in all three age groups, while parental control and knowledge had no impact. This study shows that parental solicitation increased the odds at age 17 for alcohol consumption (2.64 [1.02-6.83]) and inebriation, while adolescent disclosure decreased the odds (0.18 [0.05-0.68]). In summary, the study shows that parents should be particularly attentive to adolescents with high novelty-seeking behaviour and that parental alcohol consumption influences adolescent alcohol habits.
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| 6. |
- Boson, Karin, 1984, et al.
(author)
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Adolescents with substance use problems in outpatient treatment: a one-year prospective follow-up study focusing on mental health and gender differences
- 2022
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In: Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1747-597X. ; 17:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Although several studies have found a high incidence of coexisting mental health problems among adolescents with substance use problems, follow-up studies addressing how these conditions change over time are rare. The study will describe and analyze indications of mental health problems and how various risk factors predict outcomes 1 year after initial treatment contact. In addition, gender-specific risk factors are explored. Methods A clinical sample of 455 adolescents (29% girls, median age 17 years) answered a structural interview at baseline and were followed up using official records 1 year after initiated treatment. Bivariate associations and logistic regressions were conducted to analyse the links between risk factors at the individual, social, and structural levels as well as links between various mental illness symptoms at treatment start and indications of mental health problems 1 year later were analysed. Results The results show that mental health problems among adolescents largely persisted 1 year after start of outpatient care for substance use problems. Forty-two per cent of the sample displayed indications of mental health problems at follow-up, and registrations for both outpatient treatment and psychiatric medication were more common among the girls. Girls also reported more mental illness symptoms at treatment start than boys did, especially anxiety. Depression and suicidal thoughts had predictive values regarding indications of mental health problems and small cumulative effects were found for 6-10 co-occurring risk factors. Conclusions Adolescents with depression and suicidal thoughts at treatment start should yield attention among clinicians as these general risk factors could predict indication of mental health problems at 1 year follow-up effectively. Also, patients with more than six co-occurring risk factors seem more vulnerable for continued mental health problems. Generally, girls displayed a greater mental health and psychosocial burden at treatment initiation and were more likely to show indication of mental health problems at follow-up. These results suggests that girls are more likely to get psychiatric out-treatment parallel to, or after, substance abuse treatment. We recommend further investigation of gender differences and gender-specific needs in substance use treatment.
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| 7. |
- Boson, Karin, 1984, et al.
(author)
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Characteristics of non-drinking adolescents: a longitudinal Swedish study
- 2024
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In: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENCE AND YOUTH. - 0267-3843 .- 2164-4527. ; 29:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study investigated whether non-drinking adolescents (n = 195), with no previous experience with alcohol, differed over time from drinking adolescents (n = 406). Potential differences in psychological health (mental well-being, psychosomatic symptoms, conduct problems), social interaction frequencies (new friends, time spent with friends and social interaction through a screen device), psychoactive substance use, and positive attitudes towards alcohol was investigated. Additionally, the study examined whether these attributes in 9th grade could predict total abstinence two years later. Non-drinkers were consistently characterized by fewer social interactions, less positive attitudes towards alcohol, a lower probability of using other drugs, and fewer conduct problems from 14 to 17 years, which may imply a more introverted personality function. This study contributes insights into predicting factors linked to alcohol abstinence in adolescence, particularly the characteristics of non-drinking adolescents in a society where a declining trend of alcohol consumption is emerging.
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| 9. |
- Boson, Karin, 1984, et al.
(author)
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Personality traits and mental health as predictors of alcohol inebriation among young adolescents: gender-specific patterns
- 2018
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In: European Association for Research on Adolescence. Ghent, Belgium..
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Objective: Our main aim was to explore the links between mental health, personality and alcohol use in early adolescence. For this purpose, a two-dimensional model of mental health was used consisting a problem dimension (emotional and behavioral) and a well-being dimension. We wanted to know which dimension of mental health that were most related to early alcohol drinking and inebriation, the lack of well-being or the presence of emotional and behavioral problems. Further, the study examined if personality factors (such as temperament and character) possibly moderate the effect between mental health and alcohol use. If so, how and to which degree? The association between mental health and personality was mapped to provide a better understanding of the health and personality structure and potential measurement variances across gender. Method: With self-reported data from 777 adolescents, aged 13-15 years, evenly distributed between genders, from the Longitudinal Research on Development In Adolescence (LoRDIA) program, we used the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Mental Health Continuum Short Form (MHC-SF) and Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (JTCI) to predict alcohol use and inebriation through logistic regression analyses . Separated gender analyses were performed throughout the study to reveal gender specific patterns between mental health variables, personality dimensions and alcohol use in early adolescence. Results: Externalizing problems increased the risk of early alcohol use and inebriation for both genders and internalizing problems decreased the risk among boys. Well-being could not effectively predict alcohol use nor inebriation. Novelty Seeking and Reward Dependence increased the risk of alcohol use and Harm Avoidance decreased the risk of inebriation among girls. Self-Directedness among girls and Cooperativeness among boys decreased the risk of inebriation. Conclusions: The relation between personality factors and mental health differ between girls and boys already in early adolescence and there are gender specific patterns concerning early alcohol use and inebriation among young adolescents. The combination of having externalizing problems, high Novelty Seeking, high Reward Dependence with low Harm Avoidance and low Self-directedness might be a risk profile specifically among girls as well as low internalizing problems, high externalizing problems and low Cooperativeness among boys. Implications: These risk profiles provide professionals with valuable information about gender specific considerations when developing and conducting preventative interventions targeting risk and resilience factors for early alcohol drinking among young adolescents.
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| 10. |
- Boson, Karin, 1984, et al.
(author)
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Personality traits as predictors of early alcohol inebriation among young adolescents: Mediating effects by mental health and gender-specific patterns
- 2019
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In: Addictive Behaviors. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-4603 .- 1873-6327. ; 95, s. 152-159
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- © 2019 Elsevier Ltd The aim of this study was to predict alcohol inebriation and mental health (internalizing and externalizing problems plus well-being), and potential gender-specific patterns among young adolescents, by a biopsychosocial model of personality traits. Self-reported data from 853 adolescents (479 girls) in Sweden, aged 13–15 years, from the Longitudinal Research on Development In Adolescence (LoRDIA) program were used. Predictions from personality to inebriation and mediating effects of mental health were estimated by means of logistic regression and generalized structural equation modelling. Separated gender analyses were performed throughout the study to reveal potential gender-specific patterns. Externalizing problems, Novelty Seeking and Cooperativeness had independent effects on alcohol inebriation for both genders as well as Harm Avoidance among girls and Internalizing problems among boys. Novelty Seeking and Self-Directedness had indirect effects through externalizing problems and Harm Avoidance and Self-Directedness had indirect effects through internalizing problems for boys. Self-directedness showed an indirect effect through externalizing problems for girls. The combination of an immature character (low Self-directedness and Cooperativeness) with an extreme temperament profile (high Novelty Seeking and low Harm Avoidance) was a predictor of inebriation across gender, both directly and indirectly through mental health. This study contributes with valuable information about gender-specific considerations when developing and conducting preventative interventions targeting psychological risk and resilience factors for early alcohol inebriation among young adolescents.
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| 11. |
- Boson, Karin, 1984
(author)
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Psychological perspectives on alcohol use among young adolescents: Mental health and personality
- 2018
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Alcohol use is an important risk factor in psychosocial development through adolescence that has been incompletely examined among the youngest adolescents. The aim of this doctoral thesis is to investigate how mental health and personality traits are related to alcohol use and inebriation in early adolescence. Participants were recruited through the Swedish multidisciplinary Longitudinal Research program on Development In Adolescence (LoRDIA). In Study I, patterns of self-reported internalizing and externalizing problems and well-being in relation to alcohol experiences were investigated among 1383 adolescents aged 12 to 13. Person-oriented analyses were applied to the data with the purpose of finding specific configurations (“types”) that were more frequent than expected by chance. Boys with early alcohol debut reported generally high well-being and no concurrent internalizing or externalizing problems. Girls with both internalizing problems and low well-being, however, were statistically over-represented among those with alcohol experiences. Hence, both gender and mental well-being need to be taken into account when describing and explaining early alcohol initiation among young adolescents. In Study II, the psychometric properties of a Swedish version of the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (JTCI), a personality measurement for children and adolescents, were investigated, as was congruence between self and caregiver ratings. The study included 1046 girls and boys aged 12 to 14 years and 654 caregivers. Internal consistency and convergent validity were analyzed. Norms for the Swedish self and caregiver version of JTCI were established and the congruence on these reports was investigated. The internal structure of the JTCI was not fully satisfactory; the dimension Persistence did not form a reliable construct in the Swedish self-report version. Revision and expansion of this dimension is therefore suggested. Obtaining the child’s own perspective as well as the caregiver’s is preferable to using just one report to provide a thorough understanding of the child’s personality. The results also support the importance of age- and gender-specific norms on the JTCI. Study III aimed to predict alcohol inebriation and potential gender-specific patterns among 853 adolescents, aged 13 to 15 years by using a biopsychosocial model of personality traits and a two-continua model of mental health (internalizing and externalizing problems plus well-being). Pathways to inebriation were more similar than different for girls and boys and high Novelty Seeking, low Cooperativeness (direct effects) and low Self Directedness (indirect effect via externalizing problems) were significant predictors. Specifically for girls, low Harm Avoidance (direct effect) was a significant predictor. Mental well-being had no effect on inebriation and interestingly internalizing problems had a “protective” effect for boys. Findings from this thesis improve our knowledge of how mental health (both positive and negative aspects) relate to early alcohol use, and how personality traits (i.e., temperament and character) function as important underlying factors in both mental health and alcohol use. Gender-specific considerations are suggested when developing and conducting preventative interventions targeting psychological risks and protective factors against early alcohol use among young adolescents.
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| 13. |
- Boson, Karin, 1984, et al.
(author)
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The Junior Temperament and Character Inventory (JTCI): Psychometric Properties of Multi-Informant Ratings
- 2018
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In: Psychological Assessment. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 1040-3590 .- 1939-134X. ; 30:4, s. 550-555
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- (PsycINFO Database Record © 2017 APA, all rights reserved). The aims of the study were (a) to establish norms for the Swedish child self-report and caregiver rating versions of the Junior and Temperament Character Inventory (JTCI) among young adolescents, (b) to investigate its psychometric properties, and © to investigate congruence between children's self-reports and caregivers' ratings of a child's personality. The sample was a general population of 1,046 children ages 12-14 years and 654 caregivers. The JTCI was found to be reliable on all dimensions except Persistence in the child self-report version. Caregivers rated their own children's personalities as more mature than did the children themselves. Caregivers especially overestimated their daughters' self-reported capabilities for self-acceptance and self-efficacy and might have underestimated their daughters' need for emotional support. This highlights the importance of including the child's self-report on personality in both research and clinical assessments. The results also support the importance of age- and gender-separated norms.
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| 17. |
- Boson, Karin, 1984, et al.
(author)
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Well-being, mental health problems, and alcohol experiences among young Swedish adolescents: A general population study
- 2016
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In: Journal for Person-Oriented Research. - : Journal for Person-Oriented Research. - 2002-0244. ; 2:3, s. 123-134
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate patterns of self-reported emotional and behavioral problems and self-rated well-being in relation to alcohol experiences among Swedish girls and boys in early adolescence. A general sample of 1383 young people aged 12 to 13 years reported their internalizing and externalizing problem styles, and their well-being and alcohol experiences were measured. Person-oriented analyses were applied to the data to determine specific mental health configurations (“types”) that occurred more frequently than expected by chance. Externalizing problems, in contrast to internalizing problems, occurred more commonly in adolescents who reported a high degree of well-being. Girls with low well-being and mental health problems were overrepresented among those with alcohol experiences. Findings suggest that gender and positive psychology perspectives should be taken into account when describing and explaining mental health among adolescents, especially adolescents with an early alcohol debut.
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| 18. |
- Dahlberg, Mikael, 1965-, et al.
(author)
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Long-Term Outcomes for Young People With Substance Use Problems in Outpatient Treatment: Gender-Specific Patterns
- 2022
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In: Frontiers in Psychiatry. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-0640. ; 13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study presents the results of a longitudinal research project focusing on long-term outcomes among young people after initiation of outpatient treatment for substance use problems (SUP) in Sweden. Young people are defined with the age group 13-25 years. A clinical sample of 451 young people (29% girls, median age 17 years) completed a structured interview at baseline and was followed using official records one, two, and 3 years after initiation of treatment. Gender-specific patterns at intake were described and bivariate associations and logistic regressions were calculated to analyse the links between risk factors at treatment start and indications of substance use problems 3 years later. Significantly more boys than girls displayed indications of continued SUP at 3-year follow-up. More specifically, 49% of the boys vs. 35% of the girls were identified through records as still having problems with substance use. Predictive risk factors also displayed gender-specific patterns. Primary drug use frequency and age at intake predicted indications of SUP among boys but not among girls. Placement in foster care/residential homes, depression, and early drug debut had significant predictive value regarding indications of SUP among females but not among males. Girls also displayed a greater psychosocial burden at treatment start, but a more favorable treatment outcome at follow-up. Youths with a heavy risk load at treatment start (i.e., over six risk factors) did not display a greater risk of SUP at 3-year follow-up, although our results suggest that this subgroup has indications of continued problems with mental health. Consequently, future studies should further explore gender-specific treatment pathways for young people with substance use problems. Since women and girls seem to have different risk factors, co-occurring psychiatric problems and more experiences of trauma compared to men, they might need multidimensional and more comprehensive treatment interventions that run over a longer period of time.
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| 19. |
- Kapetanovic, Sabina, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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Discrepancies in parents' and adolescents' reports on parent-adolescent communication and associations to adolescents' psychological health
- 2020
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In: Current Psychology. - : Springer Nature. - 1046-1310 .- 1936-4733.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Parental knowledge of adolescents’ whereabouts is central for healthy adolescent development. However, parents and their adolescent children often perceive parenting practices differently. Using data from matching parent and adolescent dyads (n = 477) from the longitudinal research program LoRDIA, we investigated in what way disagreement between parents’ and adolescents’ reports on parental knowledge, solicitation and behavioral control and adolescent disclosure, is longitudinally related to girls’ and boys’ psychological problems (internalizing and externalizing) and well-being. The adolescents’ mean age was 13.0 years (SD = .56) at T1 and 14.30 years (SD = .61) at T2, evenly distributed between boys (52.6%) and (47.4%) girls at baseline. The discrepancy scores were calculated by subtracting the adolescent’s scores from the parent’s scores. Parent-adolescent discrepancies had somewhat different patterns of associations with boys’ and girls’ psychological problems and well-being. Parental knowledge discrepancy was related to higher levels of girls’ externalizing problems while parental solicitation discrepancy was related to higher levels of boys’ externalizing problems and lower levels of girls’ wellbeing. Adolescent disclosure discrepancy was related to higher levels of girls’ internalizing problems and lower levels of well-being. Negative concurrent associations were shown between parental control discrepancy and adolescents’ internalizing problems. Parents’ overestimating the level of parent-adolescent communication, including adolescent disclosure, and parental solicitation in particular, is disadvantageous for adolescent psychological health. © 2020, The Author(s).
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