| 1. |
- Palmer, Nicholette D, et al.
(författare)
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A genome-wide association search for type 2 diabetes genes in African Americans.
- 2012
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Ingår i: PloS one. - San Francisco : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:1, s. e29202-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- African Americans are disproportionately affected by type 2 diabetes (T2DM) yet few studies have examined T2DM using genome-wide association approaches in this ethnicity. The aim of this study was to identify genes associated with T2DM in the African American population. We performed a Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) using the Affymetrix 6.0 array in 965 African-American cases with T2DM and end-stage renal disease (T2DM-ESRD) and 1029 population-based controls. The most significant SNPs (n = 550 independent loci) were genotyped in a replication cohort and 122 SNPs (n = 98 independent loci) were further tested through genotyping three additional validation cohorts followed by meta-analysis in all five cohorts totaling 3,132 cases and 3,317 controls. Twelve SNPs had evidence of association in the GWAS (P<0.0071), were directionally consistent in the Replication cohort and were associated with T2DM in subjects without nephropathy (P<0.05). Meta-analysis in all cases and controls revealed a single SNP reaching genome-wide significance (P<2.5×10(-8)). SNP rs7560163 (P = 7.0×10(-9), OR (95% CI) = 0.75 (0.67-0.84)) is located intergenically between RND3 and RBM43. Four additional loci (rs7542900, rs4659485, rs2722769 and rs7107217) were associated with T2DM (P<0.05) and reached more nominal levels of significance (P<2.5×10(-5)) in the overall analysis and may represent novel loci that contribute to T2DM. We have identified novel T2DM-susceptibility variants in the African-American population. Notably, T2DM risk was associated with the major allele and implies an interesting genetic architecture in this population. These results suggest that multiple loci underlie T2DM susceptibility in the African-American population and that these loci are distinct from those identified in other ethnic populations.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Boström, R., Eriksson, A.I., Åhlén, L., Blomberg, L., Gustafsson, G., Holback, B., Holmgren, G., Holtet, J., Jansson, S.E., Lindqvist, P.A., Lybekk, B., Mälkki, A., Riihelä, P. and Wahlund, J.E.
(författare)
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The Rosetta Dual Langmuir Probe Instrument for Measurements of Plasma Density, Temperature and Flow Velocity.
- 2001
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Ingår i: ESA SP-1165.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Döhler, Jéssica S., et al.
(författare)
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An application of four-wire grid-forming power inverter in unbalanced distribution network
- 2023
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Ingår i: IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution. - : Institution of Engineering and Technology. - 1751-8687 .- 1751-8695. ; 17:2, s. 324-336
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The modelling of a three-phase four-leg four-wire grid-forming inverter in a low voltage distribution system 18-bus European Cigre under unbalanced conditions in an autonomous distribution network is presented. The case study has two types of inverters control strategy: (i) grid-forming to supply all the system demand in the interval of the intentional supply interruption and (ii) grid-following to integrate photovoltaic renewable energy resources into power systems. The model suggests a control scheme with two loops: An inner current loop with a proportional-integral controller and an outer voltage loop with a proportional controller, both in the synchronous reference frame (dq0), in which dq-axis are decomposed in positive and negative sequences. Simulation results, carried out using the PSCAD software, showed the effectiveness of the suggested control strategy with smooth synchronization where the grid-forming inverter was able to form a network with an unbalanced degree lower than 2%, sinusoidal voltage and frequency within standard limits 49.5-50.5 Hz.
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| 7. |
- Eriksson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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RPC-LAP : The Rosetta Langmuir probe instrument
- 2007
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Ingår i: Space Science Reviews. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0038-6308 .- 1572-9672. ; 128:04-jan, s. 729-744
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Rosetta dual Langmuir probe instrument, LAP, utilizes the multiple powers of a pair of spherical Langmuir probes for measurements of basic plasma parameters with the aim of providing detailed knowledge of the outgassing, ionization, and subsequent plasma processes around the Rosetta target comet. The fundamental plasma properties to be studied are the plasma density, the electron temperature, and the plasma flow velocity. However, study of electric fields up to 8 kHz, plasma density fluctuations, spacecraft potential, integrated UV flux, and dust impacts is also possible. LAP is fully integrated in the Rosetta Plasma Consortium (RPC), the instruments of which together provide a comprehensive characterization of the cometary plasma.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Romelsjö, A, et al.
(författare)
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The relationship between stressful working conditions and high alcohol consumption and severe alcohol problems in an urban general population.
- 1992
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Ingår i: British journal of addiction. - 0952-0481. ; 87:8, s. 1173-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relationship between 15 measures of stressful working conditions and high alcohol consumption (35 g 100% ethanol per day or more for men and 25 g or more for women) was studied, using cross-sectional data from a general population survey of 1344 males and 1494 females; the ages 25-64 years in metropolitan Stockholm in 1984. In a longitudinal component of the study, hospitalization and mortality with alcohol-related diagnosis was assessed during 1984-90, and also the association between previous experience of unemployment and high alcohol consumption. Some of the associations, expressed as age-adjusted odds ratios, were positive and some were negative when high alcohol consumption was the endpoint, but there was a clear variation by sex and social class. Generally the positive associations were stronger among male non-manual employees. Among males, there was a clear association between stressful working conditions and subsequent risk of severe medical alcohol-related problems, but the precision of the estimates was low due to low number of cases. The odds ratio was 6.18 (95% confidence interval 1.86, 20.61) for twisted working positions and 6.74 (95% confidence interval 1.67, 27.19). Previous unemployment among males was associated with increased risk for high alcohol consumption, with an odds ratio of 5.71 (95% CI 1.39, 15.97) among those who had been unemployed more than once, and 1.67 (95% CI 0.76, 3.64) among those who had been unemployed once during the previous 5 years. Those and other increased odds ratios were lower when subjects with an alcohol diagnosis at inpatient care during 1980-84 were excluded in the analyses. On the whole, our findings are not conclusive. The strong, but imprecise associations between stressful working conditions and severe alcohol problems, are however challenging, and warrants further studies, preferably with longitudinal design and repeated measurements of both working condition and alcohol habits.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Backlund, S, et al.
(författare)
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Partical phase equilibria and partition of alcohol cosurfactants in ionic microemulsions
- 1990
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Ingår i: Progress in Colloid and Polymer Science. - 0340-255X .- 1437-8027. ; 82, s. 290-295
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The partial phase behaviour of quintinary microemulsions containing water (0.5 m NaCl), sodium dodecylfate, octane and alcohol, where the alcohol is a butanol or pentanol isomer, has been determined. In addition, the partition of the cosurfactant between the phases has been investigated, as well as in detail for the 1-butanol system. The efficiency of the cosurfactant for forming microemulsions is found to exhibit no simple relationship to its solubility properties. In addition, while branched alcohol cosurfactants promote the formation of solution phases at high surfactant contents.
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| 15. |
- Berntsson, Shala G., 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Rapidly increasing off-label use of rituximab in multiple sclerosis in Sweden : Outlier or predecessor?
- 2018
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 138:4, s. 327-331
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Off-label use of rituximab to treat MS patients in Sweden is high, and the need for long-term safety data may not be met. Our objectives were to assess the rate of rituximab prescription in patients with multiple sclerosis in Sweden and, in addition, to evaluate the safety of rituximab in a single centre for patients with multiple sclerosis.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Review of the Swedish MS register was performed to study the number of MS patients treated with rituximab during the last 6 years. Investigation also included a retrospective review of medical files in search for possible side effects/adverse events in all adult patients with MS treated with rituximab at Uppsala University Hospital.RESULTS: Presently, in Sweden the rate of rituximab prescriptions in relation to other annually started of disease- modifying drugs in MS is 53.5%.CONCLUSIONS: The share of MS patients in Sweden who are treated with rituximab is very high, and also rapidly increasing. Taken into account the off-label use, cases with adverse medical conditions that could possibly be related to rituximab use should be reported thoroughly.
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| 16. |
- Bjurshammar, N., et al.
(författare)
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The Effect of Local Phototherapy on Gingival Inflammation - A Randomized Controlled Study
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aim: To investigate if a toothbrush with incorporated 450 nm LEDs used in daily oral care can reduce dental plaque and gingival inflammation.Materials and methods: An 8-week single blinded randomized clinical trial comparing toothbrushes with and without 450 nm blue LED light emission including 48 subjects. Clinical parameters of interest were plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and bleeding on probing (BOP). Analyzes were also made on Interleukin-1β (IL), IL-6, IL -8, and Tumor necrosis factor alpha.Results: A significant reduction in PI, GI and BOP was detected within the groups from baseline to follow-up visit, but no statistical differences between subjects using a toothbrush with 450 nm blue light and a toothbrush without light. Significant decreases in the levels of both MMP-8 and TIMP-1 in saliva, and IL-1b and IL-8 in GCF for the blue light toothbrush groups.Conclusion: A toothbrush with 450 nm LEDs did not yield any statistical significant adjunctive effect to tooth brushing with regard to reduction in gingival inflammation. A larger decrease in PI for the blue light toothbrush compared to control was found at a significance level of p=0.058. To get an optimal phototherapeutic effect we suggest that a wavelength of 405 nm should be used in future studies.
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| 17. |
- Boström, Adrian Desai E., et al.
(författare)
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HPA-axis dysregulation is not associated with accelerated epigenetic aging in patients with hypersexual disorder
- 2022
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Ingår i: Psychoneuroendocrinology. - : Elsevier. - 0306-4530 .- 1873-3360. ; 141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundHypersexual disorder (HD) - a nonparaphilic sexual desire disorder with impulsivity component - was evaluated for inclusion as a diagnosis in the DSM-5 and the diagnosis compulsive sexual behavior disorder is included as an impulse control disorder in the ICD-11. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis hyperactivity is believed to affect cellular senescence and has been implicated in HD. No previous study investigated HD or HPA-axis dysregulation in relation to measures of epigenetic age (EA) acceleration.MethodsThis study reports on a case-control study set-up from a well-characterized cohort, contrasting EA predictors in relation to 60 HD patients and 33 healthy volunteers (HV) and 19 mixed HD/HV exhibiting dexamethasone suppression test (DST) non-suppression to 73 mixed HD/HV DST controls. The genome-wide methylation pattern was measured in whole blood from 94 subjects using the Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip and preprocessed according to specialized protocols suitable for epigenetic age estimation. The online DNAm Age Calculator (https://dnamage.genetics.ucla.edu/) was implemented to retrieve various EA predictors, which were compared between the in-silico generated subgroups.ResultsQuality control analyses indicated strong correlations between the EA measure DNA methylation GrimAge (DNAm GrimAge – the EA clock most reliably associated with mortality risk) and chronological age in all sub-groups. The study was adequately powered to detect differences of 2.5 and 3.0 years in DNAm GrimAge minus age in relation to both HD and HPA-axis dysregulation, respectively. Baseline DNAm GrimAge exceeded chronological age by 2.8 years on average across all samples. No EA acceleration marker was associated with HD or DST suppression status (p > 0.05).ConclusionEA acceleration markers shown to be strongly predictive of physiological dysregulation and mortality-risk, are not related to HD or DST non-suppression status (measured after 0.5 mg dexamethasone). The independency of HPA-axis dysregulation to EA acceleration does not support the biological relevance of this dosage-regimen when applied to patients with HD. These findings do not support the notion of accelerated cellular senescence in HD. Studies stratifying DST non-suppressors according to established dosage-regimens in somatic settings are needed to fully elucidate the putative contribution of HPA-axis dysregulation to EA.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Boström, B., et al.
(författare)
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Systemering med datorstöd : En introduktion till verksamhetsbeskrivning (med Lärarhandledning)
- 1986
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- Med systemering menar vi utveckling av datorbaserade informationssystem för en verksamhet. Systemering är en process där man utifrån en idé successivt arbetar sig fram till ett färdigt datasystem. Vid systemering är det nödvändigt att arbeta enligt en metod.I denna bok presenterar vi en konkret metod för systemering. En väsentlig del av metoden är att beskriva verksamheter med hjälp av V-grafer (verksamhetsgrafer). Med ett datorstöd kan man skapa V-grafer enklare, säkrare och snabbare. Vi presenterar därför ett praktiskt datorstöd, GraphDoc, som är ett kraftfullt hjälpmedel vid systemering.Vi ser metod, datorstöd och utbildning som tre ledstjärnor för effektivare systemering. Syftet med vår bok är att knyta samman dessa delar till en helhet. Boken ska fungera som en uppslagsbok för metoden, en manual för datorstödet och en lärobok för utbildningsändamål. Det är första gången som ett sådant försök genomförs inom detta område.Till boken finns framtagen en Lärarhandledning "Systemering med datorstöd - En introduktion till verksamhetsbeskrivning", Esselte Studium, Stockholm.Boken finns översatt och utgiven på både norska och holländska
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| 21. |
- Boström, Dan, et al.
(författare)
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Sodium trirubidium metavanadate monohydrate
- 2003
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Ingår i: Acta Crystallographica Section E. - : International Union of Crystallography. - 1600-5368. ; E59:11, s. i151-i153
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The title compound, sodium trirubidium metavanadate monohydrate, NaRb3(VO3)4(H2O), crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma. The structure, which represents a rare type of catena-vanadate, is built up of strongly folded chains of corner-sharing [VO4] tetrahedra, running in the [010] direction with a periodicity of four. A three-dimensional framework is obtained by sodium ions linking adjacent chains in the [001] direction and by rubidium ions linking adjacent chains in the [100] direction. The single water molecule binds to the sodium ion and to two rubidium ions.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Boström, G, et al.
(författare)
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Socioeconomic differences in smoking in an urban Swedish population. The bias introduced by non-participation in a mailed questionnaire.
- 1993
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of social medicine. - 0300-8037. ; 21:2, s. 77-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stockholm Health of the Population Study is a cross-sectional study carried out from 1984-85. Postal questionnaires, telephone interviews and health interviews were used to get information from a sample of 5,199 persons, 18-64 years of age, on health status, risk exposures, healthcare consumption and social factors. Non-participation with respect to the postal questionnaire was 36.8%. With subsequent telephone interviews and an invitation to a health interview, non-participation was reduced to 17.8%. The estimated prevalence of daily smoking increased from 36.1% to 38.7. The non-responders had a higher prevalence of daily smoking in all sub-groups. This effect of the efforts to reduce non-participation differed socially. The prevalence of smoking for men, 40-64 years of age, who were reached by telephone was 60.3%. Male professionals and intermediate non-manual workers, 40-64 years of age reached by telephone had a prevalence of smoking, which was twice as high as for the responders of the questionnaire (62.5 and 26.8%, respectively). In the younger age-group, non-responders had the same socioeconomic pattern in smoking as the responders. Independent of socioeconomic group, there was a tendency of ill or disabled smokers to respond more quickly than healthy smokers. Using a postal questionnaire with a high non-response rate might lead to an overestimation of socioeconomic differences and an underestimation of smoking prevalence.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Boström, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Calibration of Cholesky Auxiliary Basis Sets for Multiconfigurational Perturbation Theory Calculations of Excitation Energies
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1549-9618 .- 1549-9626. ; 6:3, s. 747-754
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The accuracy of auxiliary basis sets derived from Cholesky decomposition of two-electron integrals is assessed for excitation energies calculated at the state-average complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) and multiconfigurational second order perturbation theory (CASPT2) levels of theory using segmented as well as generally contracted atomic orbital basis sets. Based on 196 valence excitations in 26 organic molecules and 72 Rydberg excitations in 3 organic molecules, the results show that Cholesky auxiliary basis sets can be used without compromising the accuracy of the multiconfigurational methods. Specifically, with a decomposition threshold of 10(-4) au, the mean error due to the Cholesky auxiliary basis set is 0.001 eV, or smaller, decreasing with increasing atomic orbital basis set quality.
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| 26. |
- Boström, J., et al.
(författare)
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Spectroscopic factors with generator coordinate method and application to 25Mg states
- 2023. - 1
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. - 1742-6588. ; 2586
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nuclei can be studied through the analysis of their shell structure, that provides important information on the wavefunctions useful for interpreting many phenomena, from excitations to transfer reactions. Spectroscopic factors provide the degree of single particle behaviour of a nuclear state and are used to represent the shell structure of a nucleus. In this manuscript, we expand our recently developed model, which uses the generator coordinate method with an effective Hamiltonian, to calculate spectroscopic factors of states of odd deformed nuclei. Here we provide the results for 25Mg.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Boström, Mathias
(författare)
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Van der Waals and Casimir interactions near metal films
- 2000
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis deals with van der Waals and Casimir forces near metal films. Thick, thin and strictly two-dimensional metal films will be investigated. For many applications one can model a double quantum-well structure with two strictly two-dimensional metallic sheets. The correlation energy of such structures changes when the carriers in the two sheets drift relative each other. This change in the van der Waals energy gives rise to a current drag. We found that the dragged current varies with separation as d-3.5, this is the same as the separation dependence found for the van der Waals force between thin metal films. We have used both optical data and model dielectric functions to investigate the retarded van der Waals interaction between thin and thick metal films. Usually the correct separation dependence of the van der Waals interaction can be found from simple summation of pair-interactions. Thin metallic sheets are an exception to this general rule. To find the correct separation dependence the longitudinal collective excitations must be accounted for. Using optical data and numerical methods we examined the validity of asymptotic results.The extension of the van der Waals interaction between macroscopic objects to finite temperatures is the Helmholz free energy of attraction. We have investigated the temperature dependence of the Casimir attraction between a pair of quantum wells. For many small objects found in nature, thermal effects will be a dominating source of attraction. This is also true for quantum well structures. Thermal corrections will be important already at temperatures less than 1 K. At zero temperature the retarded van der Waals energy has three separation regions. At separations of the order of the Thomas-Fermi screening length and smaller both single-particle and collective excitations contribute; in the intermediate range the collective longitudinal excitations dominate and give rise to the van der Waals forces; at large separations the collective transverse modes dominate and the result is identical to the Casimir attraction. The zero frequency part of the Helmholz free energy gives contributions at all finite temperatures. This part of the interaction will dominate at smaller and smaller separations with increasing temperatures. The interaction between thin metal films has one more conceptually interesting property. We have found that there is a possibility that the retarded van der Waals energy between two thin metal films may be larger than the corresponding non-retarded van der Waals energy. The interaction between two 20 Å gold sheets may constitute a candidate to observe this phenomenon. This is related to an unusually large relative contribution from transverse electric modes. When retardation is neglected these modes do not give any contributions at all. This anomalous effect vanishes with increasing dissipation and with increasing film thickness.In a comment on a recent calculation of the zero temperature Casimir force between imperfect conductors we corrected a few errors in the treatment of optical data. We have further investigated the temperature dependence of the Casimir force between real metal surfaces. This thesis presents result from calculations performed on both the real and imaginary frequency axis. The result is the same regardless of integration path. Using both optical data and the Drude dielectric function with dissipation included, we found a long-range high temperature asymptote in agreement with the corresponding asymptote for the interaction between quantum wells. This asymptote is in agreement with the result obtained by E. M. Lifshitz for general dielectric surfaces. It is on the other hand half as large as the result obtained by J. Schwinger and coworkers for perfect conductors. This later result has been used in comparison with experiments. It has very recently been argued that one should ignore the physical behaviour of the dielectric function in such a way as to get agreement between the high temperature asymptotes of real and ideal metals. This can be obtained if a plasma model with no dissipation is used for the dielectric response of the metals. We regard it to be a weak proof to simply claim that the correct thermal corrections to the Casimir force of a real material and an idealisation have to be identical. There is however at least one good reason why one can not simply disregard this argument. The experimental data of a recent experiment seems to agree better with this idealisation. As discussed in this thesis one should have in mind that the experimental data are found after a very large electrostatic contribution is subtracted. We have in particular found that the thermal corrections in the limit of low temperatures and small separations are substantially larger than previously assumed. We consider the disagreement between our theoretical results and the experimental ones by Lamoreaux to be intriguing and we hope that it will act as an inspiration for new experimental and theoretical efforts.In article 6 the retarded van der Waals energy of an atom between thin silver sheets was investigated. Film thickness, temperature, and retardation influence this interaction. Nienhaus et al. recently used ultra thin (∼50 Å) Ag films on a Si surface to detect hydrogen gas. Dimensionality effects are important for metallic films of this size. Our result is not relevant for that work, but could be important in other cases where atoms interact with ultra thin metal films.We have finally calculated the wetting angle as function of doping concentration for water on ln203:Sn (ITO) and determined the critical concentration for spreading. One has tried to overcome the problem of ice on car windscreens by coating the outer surface of the windshield with ITO. ITO is a both transparent and conducting material. Unfortunately, it turns out that one runs into another problem. The material wets too much. Our calculation relies on the dielectric properties of water and the doped semiconductor. We have modelled these properties.
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| 33. |
- Carter, Megan, et al.
(författare)
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Crystal structure, biochemical and cellular activities demonstrate separate functions of MTH1 and MTH2
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Deregulated redox metabolism in cancer leads to oxidative damage to cellular components including deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs). Targeting dNTP pool sanitizing enzymes, such as MTH1, is a highly promising anticancer strategy. The MTH2 protein, known as NUDT15, is described as the second human homologue of bacterial MutT with 8-oxo-dGTPase activity. We present the first NUDT15 crystal structure and demonstrate that NUDT15 prefers other nucleotide substrates over 8-oxo-dGTP. Key structural features are identified that explain different substrate preferences for NUDT15 and MTH1. We find that depletion of NUDT15 has no effect on incorporation of 8-oxo-dGTP into DNA and does not impact cancer cell survival in cell lines tested. NUDT17 and NUDT18 were also profiled and found to have far less activity than MTH1 against oxidized nucleotides. We show that NUDT15 is not a biologically relevant 8-oxo-dGTPase, and that MTH1 is the most prominent sanitizer of the cellular dNTP pool known to date.
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| 34. |
- Dalemo, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Bone mineral density in primary care patients related to serum calcium concentrations: a longitudinal cohort study from Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0281-3432 .- 1502-7724. ; 36:2, s. 198-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Elevated calcium concentration is a commonly used measure in screening analyses for primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) and cancer. Low bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis are common features of pHPT and strengthen the indication for parathyroidectomy. It is not known whether an elevated calcium concentration could be a marker of low BMD in suspected pHPT patients with a normal parathyroid hormone concentration. Purpose: To study if low BMD and osteoporosis are more common after ten years in patients with elevated compared with normal calcium concentrations at baseline. Subjects: One hundred twenty-seven patients (28 men) with baseline elevated, and 254 patients (56 men) with baseline normal calcium concentrations, mean age 61 years, were recruited. After ten years, 77% of those still alive (74 with elevated and 154 with normal calcium concentrations at baseline) participated in a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry measurement for BMD assessment and analysis of calcium and parathyroid hormone concentrations. Main outcome measures: Association between elevated and normal calcium concentration at base-line and BMD at follow-up. Correlation between calcium and parathyroid hormone concentrations and BMD at follow-up. Results: A larger proportion of the patients with elevated baseline calcium concentrations who participated in the follow-up had osteoporosis (p value - 0.036), compared with the patients with normal concentrations. In contrast, no correlation was found between calcium or parathyroid hormone concentrations and BMD at follow-up. Conclusions: In this study, patients with elevated calcium concentrations at baseline had osteoporosis ten years later more often than controls (45% vs. 29%), which highlights the importance of examining these patients further using absorptiometry, even when their parathyroid hormone level is normal.
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| 35. |
- Dalemo, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term follow-up of patients with elevated serum calcium concentration in Swedish primary care
- 2013
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0281-3432 .- 1502-7724. ; 31:4, s. 248-254
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To follow up patients with elevated calcium concentrations after 10 years. Design. Longitudinal, using medical records, questionnaires, and clinical investigation. Setting. Primary care in Tibro, Sweden, 2008–2010. Subjects. 127 patents with elevated calcium concentrations and 254 patients with normal calcium concentrations from the local community, attending the health care centre. Main outcome measures. Diagnoses and mortality in patients with elevated calcium concentrations in 1995–2000, compared with patients with normal calcium concentrations and the background population. Results. The proportion of patients for whom no underlying cause was detected decreased from 55% at baseline to 12% at follow-up. Primary hyperparathyroidism was most common in women, 23% at baseline and 36% at follow-up, and the cancer prevalence increased from 5% to 12% in patients with elevated calcium concentration. Mortality tended to be higher in men with elevated calcium concentrations compared with men with normal calcium concentrations, and was significantly higher than in the background population (SMR 2.3, 95% CI 1.3–3.8). Cancer mortality was significantly increased in men (p = 0.039). Low calcium concentrations were also associated with higher mortality (p = 0.004), compared with patients with normal calcium concentrations. Conclusion. This study underscores the importance of investigating patients with increased calcium concentrations suggesting that most of these patients – 88% in our study – will turn out to have an underlying disease associated with hypercalcaemia during a 10-year follow-up period. Elevated calcium concentrations had a different disease pattern in men and women, with men showing increased cancer mortality in this study. Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/02813432.2013.861152
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| 36. |
- Danielsson, L., et al.
(författare)
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En bok som flyttar fokus bort ifrån datorer och programmering : Systemering med datorstöd
- 1986
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Ingår i: Computer Sweden, Produktnyheter, 31 oktober 1986, sid. 20.
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Recension (refereegranskat)abstract
- Boken "Systemering med datorstöd" beskriver på ett lättfattligt sätt hur ett systemeringsprojekt kan genomföras. Tyngdpunkten ligger inte på datorernas roll i ett system, utan på verksamheten som utförs i systemet. De som känner till ISAC-metoden känner också igen de åskådningsexempel som finns i boken. ISAC-metodens verksamhetsbeskrivning med V-grafer används för att visa olika systemeringsexempel
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| 37. |
- de Fouw, Jimmy, et al.
(författare)
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A facultative mutualism facilitates European seagrass meadows
- 2023
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Ingår i: Ecography. - 0906-7590 .- 1600-0587. ; 2023:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coastal ecosystem functioning often hinges on habitat-forming foundation species that engage in positive interactions (e.g. facilitation and mutualism) to reduce environmental stress. Seagrasses are important foundation species in coastal zones but are rapidly declining with losses typically linked to intensifying global change-related environmental stress. There is growing evidence that loss or disruption of positive interactions can amplify coastal ecosystem degradation as it compromises its stress mitigating capacity. Multiple recent studies highlight that seagrass can engage in a facultative mutualistic relationship with lucinid bivalves that alleviate sulphide toxicity. So far, however, the generality of this mutualism, and how its strength and relative importance depend on environmental conditions, remains to be investigated. Here we study the importance of the seagrass-lucinid mutualistic interaction on a continental-scale using a field survey across Europe. We found that the lucinid bivalve Loripes orbiculatus is associated with the seagrasses Zostera noltii and Zostera marina across a large latitudinal range. At locations where the average minimum temperature was above 1 °C, L. orbiculatus was present in 79% of the Zostera meadows; whereas, it was absent below this temperature. At locations above this minimum temperature threshold, mud content was the second most important determinant explaining the presence or absence of L. orbiculatus. Further analyses suggest that the presence of the lucinids have a positive effect on seagrass biomass by mitigating sulphide stress. Finally, results of a structural equation model (SEM) support the existence of a mutualistic feedback between L. orbiculatus and Z. noltii. We argue that this seagrass-lucinid mutualism should be more solidly integrated into management practices to improve seagrass ecosystem resilience to global change as well as the success of restoration efforts.
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| 38. |
- Duffy, J. Emmett, et al.
(författare)
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Toward a Coordinated Global Observing System for Seagrasses and Marine Macroalgae
- 2019
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Marine Science. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-7745. ; 6
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In coastal waters around the world, the dominant primary producers are benthic macrophytes, including seagrasses and macroalgae, that provide habitat structure and food for diverse and abundant biological communities and drive ecosystem processes. Seagrass meadows and macroalgal forests play key roles for coastal societies, contributing to fishery yields, storm protection, biogeochemical cycling and storage, and important cultural values. These socio-economically valuable services are threatened worldwide by human activities, with substantial areas of seagrass and macroalgal forests lost over the last half-century. Tracking the status and trends in marine macrophyte cover and quality is an emerging priority for ocean and coastal management, but doing so has been challenged by limited coordination across the numerous efforts to monitor macrophytes, which vary widely in goals, methodologies, scales, capacity, governance approaches, and data availability. Here, we present a consensus assessment and recommendations on the current state of and opportunities for advancing global marine macrophyte observations, integrating contributions from a community of researchers with broad geographic and disciplinary expertise. With the increasing scale of human impacts, the time is ripe to harmonize marine macrophyte observations by building on existing networks and identifying a core set of common metrics and approaches in sampling design, field measurements, governance, capacity building, and data management. We recommend a tiered observation system, with improvement of remote sensing and remote underwater imaging to expand capacity to capture broad-scale extent at intervals of several years, coordinated with strati fied in situ sampling annually to characterize the key variables of cover and taxonomic or functional group composition, and to provide ground-truth. A robust networked system of macrophyte observations will be facilitated by establishing best practices, including standard protocols, documentation, and sharing of resources at all stages of work flow, and secure archiving of open-access data. Because such a network is necessarily distributed, sustaining it depends on close engagement of local stakeholders and focusing on building and long-term maintenance of local capacity, particularly in the developing world. Realizing these recommendations will producemore effective, efficient, and responsive observing, a more accurate global picture of change in vegetated coastal systems, and stronger international capacity for sustaining observations.
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Fahlgren, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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The effects of PTH, loading and surgical insult on cancellous bone at the bone-implant interface in the rabbit
- 2013
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Ingår i: Bone. - : Elsevier. - 8756-3282 .- 1873-2763. ; 52:2, s. 718-724
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Enhancing the quantity and quality of cancellous bone with anabolic pharmacologic agents may lead to more successful outcomes of non-cemented joint replacements. Using a novel rabbit model of cancellous bone loading, we examined two specific questions regarding bone formation at the bone-implant interface: (1) does the administration of intermittent PTH, a potent anabolic agent, and mechanical loading individually and combined enhance the pen-implant cancellous bone volume fraction; and, (2) does surgical trauma enhance the anabolic effect of PTH on pen-implant bone volume fraction. In this model, PTH enhanced pen-implant bone volume fraction by 30% in loaded bone, while mechanical loading alone increased bone volume fraction modestly (+10%). Combined mechanical loading and PTH treatment had no synergistic effect on any cancellous parameters. However, a strong combined effect was found in bone volume fraction with combined surgery and PTH treatment (+34%) compared to intact control limbs. Adaptive changes in the cancellous bone tissue included increased ultimate stress and enhanced remodeling activity. The number of proliferative osteoblasts increased as did their expression of pro-collagen 1 and PTH receptor 1, and the number of TRAP positive osteoclasts also increased. In summary, both loading and intermittent PTH treatment enhanced pen-implant bone volume, and surgery and PTH treatment had a strong combined effect This finding is of clinical importance since enhancing early osseointegration in the post-surgical period has numerous potential benefits.
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| 41. |
- Faxen-Irving, G., et al.
(författare)
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Do malnutrition, sarcopenia and frailty overlap in nursing-home residents?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Frailty & Aging. - : Springer. - 2260-1341 .- 2273-4309. ; 10:1, s. 1-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To study the prevalence and overlap between malnutrition, sarcopenia and frailty in a selected group of nursing home (NH) residents. Design Cross-sectional descriptive study. Setting: Nursing homes (NH).Participants: 92 residents taking part in an exercise and oral nutritional supplementation study; >75 years old, able to rise from a seated position, body mass index <= 30 kg/m(2)and not receiving protein-rich oral nutritional supplements.Measurements: The MNA-SF and Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria were used for screening and diagnosis of malnutrition (moderate or severe), respectively. Sarcopenia risk was assessed by the SARC-F Questionnaire (0-10p; >= 4=increased risk), and for diagnosis the European Working Group of Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) criteria was used. To screen for frailty the FRAIL Questionnaire (0-5p; 1-2p indicating pre-frailty, and >3p indicating frailty), was employed.Results: Average age was 86 years; 62% were women. MNA-SF showed that 30 (33%) people were at risk or malnourished. The GLIM criteria verified malnutrition in 16 (17%) subjects. One third (n=33) was at risk for sarcopenia by SARC-F. Twenty-seven (29%) subjects displayed confirmed sarcopenic according to EWGSOP2. Around 50% (n=47) was assessed as pre-frail or frail. Six people (7%) suffered from all three conditions. Another five (5%) of the residents were simultaneously malnourished and sarcopenic, but not frail, while frailty coexisted with sarcopenia in 10% (n=9) of non-malnourished residents. Twenty-nine (32%) residents were neither malnourished, sarcopenic nor frail.Conclusions: In a group of selected NH residents a majority was either (pre) frail (51%), sarcopenic (29%) or malnourished (17%). There were considerable overlaps between the three conditions.
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| 42. |
- Florez, Jose C., et al.
(författare)
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The Kruppel-like factor 11 (KLF11) Q62R polymorphism is not associated with type 2 diabetes in 8,676 people
- 2006
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 1939-327X .- 0012-1797. ; 55:12, s. 3620-3624
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Kruppel-like factor 11 is a pancreatic transcription factor whose activity induces the insulin gene. A common glutamine-to-arginine change at codon 62 (Q62R) in its gene KLF11 has been recently associated with type 2 diabetes in two independent samples. Q62R and two other rare missense variants (A347S and T220M) were also shown to affect the function of KLF11 in vitro, and insulin levels were lower in carriers of the minor allele at Q62R. We therefore examined their impact on common type 2 diabetes in several family-based and case-control samples of northern-European ancestry, totaling 8,676 individuals. We did not detect the rare A347S and T220M variants in our samples. With respect to Q62R, despite > 99% power to detect an association of the previously published magnitude, Q62R was not associated with type 2 diabetes (pooled odds ratio 0.97 [95% Cl 0.88-1.08], P = 0.63). In a subset of normoglycemic individuals, we did not observe significant differences in various insulin traits according to genotype at KLF11 Q62R. We conclude that the KLF11 A347S and T220M mutations do not contribute to increased risk of diabetes in European-derived populations and that the Q62R polymorphism has, at best, a minor effect on diabetes risk.
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| 43. |
- Gauffin, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Narcolepsy treatment in Sweden: An observational study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 145:2, s. 185-192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives To describe the pharmacological treatments (2005-2017) and the healthcare utilization (1997-2016) for patients with narcolepsy in Sweden in order to create a framework for future organizational and economic analyses. Material & Methods Patients of all ages with a diagnosis of narcolepsy registered in the National Patient Registry in specialist care in Sweden were included and information on treatments for narcolepsy was retrieved from The Swedish Prescribed Drug Register. Results We collected 2508 patients with narcolepsy, 43,3% men and 56,7% women and 47,9% were prescribed modafenil, 33,8% metylphenidate and 26,2% amphetamine. In total, 3817 treatments were initiated. Patients treated with amphetamine had a higher mean age. More women than men used modafinil, methylphenidate, amphetamine and antidepressants. The narcolepsy population had more outpatient than inpatient healthcare. Patients treated with sodium oxybate had more outpatient visits than other narcolepsy patients, before and during treatment (p = .00). Conclusions This study gives valuable information on pharmaceutical treatments and healthcare utilization for patients with narcolepsy and can be used to estimate the healthcare cost in the future. Patients with sodium oxybate treatment had more outpatient visits than other patients before and during treatment which may be due to the need to monitor potentially severe side-effects or may indicate that patients with sodium oxybate treatment have a severe disease. The number of included patients was less than expected; however, this may depend on patients escaping our collection of data, which does not contain information from primary care.
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| 44. |
- Gemo, Nicola, et al.
(författare)
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TiO2 nanoparticles vs. TiO2 nanowires as support in hydrogen peroxide direct synthesis : the influence of N and Au doping
- 2016
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Ingår i: RSC Advances. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2046-2069. ; 6:105, s. 103311-103319
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The performance of Pd on titania support were evaluated in the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide. The equipment used was a high pressure, semi-batch apparatus equipped with a special injection system. Pd (1 wt%) catalysts on TiO2 materials with different nature were prepared by wet impregnation method. Three aspects were investigated: (a) the structure of the support (nanoparticles vs. nanowires); (b) the addition of a second active metal (Au); (c) the influence of N-doping of the support. All samples were characterized by means of XPS, TEM and XRD analyses. TiO2 nanoparticle supported catalyst demonstrated higher H2O2 selectivity and higher turnover frequency (TOF) than the catalysts based on TiO2 nanowires. The addition of Au to the Pd TiO2 nanowire catalyst improved the H2O2 selectivity due to altered particle size and electronic effects. Both N-doped versions of the catalysts gave rise to higher H2O2 selectivity than the parent non-doped ones. The synthetic procedure was the source of this observation: larger mean Pd nanoparticles were present, thus favouring the formation of H2O2 as the primary product.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
- Herr, Patrick, et al.
(författare)
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Cell Cycle Profiling Reveals Protein Oscillation, Phosphorylation, and Localization Dynamics
- 2020
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Ingår i: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1535-9476 .- 1535-9484. ; 19:4, s. 608-623
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cell cycle is a highly conserved process involving the coordinated separation of a single cell into two daughter cells. To relate transcriptional regulation across the cell cycle with oscillatory changes in protein abundance and activity, we carried out a proteome- and phospho-proteome-wide mass spectrometry profiling. We compared protein dynamics with gene transcription, revealing many transcriptionally regulated G2 mRNAs that only produce a protein shift after mitosis. Integration of CRISPR/Cas9 survivability studies further highlighted proteins essential for cell viability. Analyzing the dynamics of phosphorylation events and protein solubility dynamics over the cell cycle, we characterize predicted phospho-peptide motif distributions and predict cell cycle-dependent translocating proteins, as exemplified by the S-adenosylmethionine synthase MAT2A. Our study implicates this enzyme in translocating to the nucleus after the G1/S-checkpoint, which enables epigenetic histone methylation maintenance during DNA replication. Taken together, this data set provides a unique integrated resource with novel insights on cell cycle dynamics.
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| 47. |
- Högberg, J., et al.
(författare)
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Creep behavior of the newly developed advanced heat resistant austenitic stainless steel grade UNS S31035
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the ASME Pressure Vessels And Piping Conference 2010. - : ASME Press. - 9780791849255 ; , s. 421-428
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The UNS S31035 austenitic stainless steel grade is a newly developed advanced heat resistant material for use in coal fired boilers at material temperatures up to about 700°C. This new grade has good resistance to oxidation and hot corrosion, and shows higher creep rupture strength than other austenitic stainless steels available today. This paper will mainly focus on the study of the creep mechanisms in this grade from 550?C up to 800°C by using TEM, SEM and LOM. the creep mechanisms at different temperatures and loading conditions have been identified. the interaction between dislocations and precipitates and their contribution on the creep rupture strength and fracture mechanisms have been discussed. In this paper, different models have been used to evaluate the long term creep behavior of the grade. A creep rupture strength near 100MPa at 700°C for 100 000h has been predicted. This makes it an interesting alternative for super-heaters and reheaters in future high-efficient coal fired boilers.
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| 48. |
- Idini, A., et al.
(författare)
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Collective wavefunction of Yrast states in 50Cr
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nuovo Cimento della Societa Italiana di Fisica C. - 2037-4909. ; 47:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the generator coordinate method the wavefunctions are defined with respect to reference states that can indicate different shapes and deformations, which are examples of collective generator coordinates. In this work, we study the collective wavefunctions of Yrast states up to the terminating state of 50Cr using a recently introduced framework to calculate projected states of spins up to I = 14 based on effective Hamiltonians and a 5 dimensional collective coordinate space.
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| 49. |
- Idini, A., et al.
(författare)
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Towards microscopic optical potentials in deformed nuclei
- 2023. - 1
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. - 1742-6588. ; 2586
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A microscopic and consistent description of both nuclear structure and reactions is instrumental to extend the predictivity of models calculating scattering observables. In particular, this is crucial in the case of exotic nuclei not yet discovered. In this manuscript, we will present the plan of the Lund effort for a symmetry breaking description of bound and scattering observables using a generator coordinate method model based on an effective Hamiltonian constrained with a (Skyrme) functional. Following this, we will illustrate the steps to construct an optical potential for deformed nuclei from microscopic wavefunctions obtained with projected generator coordinate method from Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov basis.
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