| 1. |
- Palmer, Nicholette D, et al.
(författare)
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A genome-wide association search for type 2 diabetes genes in African Americans.
- 2012
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Ingår i: PloS one. - San Francisco : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:1, s. e29202-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- African Americans are disproportionately affected by type 2 diabetes (T2DM) yet few studies have examined T2DM using genome-wide association approaches in this ethnicity. The aim of this study was to identify genes associated with T2DM in the African American population. We performed a Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) using the Affymetrix 6.0 array in 965 African-American cases with T2DM and end-stage renal disease (T2DM-ESRD) and 1029 population-based controls. The most significant SNPs (n = 550 independent loci) were genotyped in a replication cohort and 122 SNPs (n = 98 independent loci) were further tested through genotyping three additional validation cohorts followed by meta-analysis in all five cohorts totaling 3,132 cases and 3,317 controls. Twelve SNPs had evidence of association in the GWAS (P<0.0071), were directionally consistent in the Replication cohort and were associated with T2DM in subjects without nephropathy (P<0.05). Meta-analysis in all cases and controls revealed a single SNP reaching genome-wide significance (P<2.5×10(-8)). SNP rs7560163 (P = 7.0×10(-9), OR (95% CI) = 0.75 (0.67-0.84)) is located intergenically between RND3 and RBM43. Four additional loci (rs7542900, rs4659485, rs2722769 and rs7107217) were associated with T2DM (P<0.05) and reached more nominal levels of significance (P<2.5×10(-5)) in the overall analysis and may represent novel loci that contribute to T2DM. We have identified novel T2DM-susceptibility variants in the African-American population. Notably, T2DM risk was associated with the major allele and implies an interesting genetic architecture in this population. These results suggest that multiple loci underlie T2DM susceptibility in the African-American population and that these loci are distinct from those identified in other ethnic populations.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Fiskbestånd och miljö i hav och sötvatten : Resurs- och miljööversikt 2012
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Detta är den nionde utgåvan av den samlade översikten över fisk- och kräftdjursbeståndens status i våra vatten. Kunskap om fiskbestånden och miljön är en förutsättning för att utnyttjandet av fiskresurserna skall bli bärkraftigt. För svenska vattenområden beskrivs miljöutvecklingen i ett ekosystemsperspektiv, dels för att tydliggöra fiskens ekologiska roll och beskriva yttre miljöfaktorer som påverkar fiskbestånden, dels för att belysa fiskets effekter på miljön.Fiskbestånd och miljö i hav och sötvatten är utarbetad av Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU), Institutionen för akvatiska resurser (SLU Aqua), på uppdrag av Havs- och vattenmyndigheten. Rapporten sammanfattar utveckling och beståndsstatus för de kommersiellt viktigaste fisk- och kräftdjursarterna i våra vatten. Bedömningar och förvaltningsråd är baserade på Internationella Havsforskningsrådets (ICES) rådgivning, SLU Aquas nationella och regionala provfiskedata, samt yrkesfiskets rapportering.
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| 3. |
- Boström, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of substrate feed rate on recombinant protein secretion, degradation and invlusion body formation in Escherichia coli
- 2005
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Ingår i: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0175-7598 .- 1432-0614. ; 68:1, s. 82-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of changes in substrate feed rate during fedbatch cultivation was investigated with respect to soluble protein formation and transport of product to the periplasm in Escherichia coli. Production was transcribed from the P-malK promoter; and the cytoplasmic part of the production was compared with production from the P-lacUV5 promoter. The fusion protein product, Zb-MalE, was at all times accumulated in the soluble protein fraction except during high-feed-rate production in the cytoplasm. This was due to a substantial degree of proteolysis in all production systems, as shown by the degradation pattern of the product. The product was also further subjected to inclusion body fori-nation. Production in the periplasm resulted in accumulation of the full-length protein; and this production system led to a cellular physiology where the stringent response could be avoided. Furthermore, the secretion could be used to abort the diauxic growth phase resulting from use of the P-malK promoter. At high feed rate, the accumulation of acetic acid, due to overflow metabolism, could furthermore be completely avoided.
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| 4. |
- Mak, Jonathan K. L., et al.
(författare)
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Development of an Electronic Frailty Index for Hospitalized Older Adults in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences. - : Oxford University Press. - 1079-5006 .- 1758-535X. ; 77:11, s. 2311-2319
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Frailty assessment in the Swedish health system relies on the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), but it requires training, in-person evaluation, and is often missing in medical records. We aimed to develop an electronic frailty index (eFI) from routinely collected electronic health records (EHRs) and assess its association with adverse outcomes in hospitalized older adults. Methods EHRs were extracted for 18 225 patients with unplanned admissions between 1 March 2020 and 17 June 2021 from 9 geriatric clinics in Stockholm, Sweden. A 48-item eFI was constructed using diagnostic codes, functioning and other health indicators, and laboratory data. The CFS, Hospital Frailty Risk Score, and Charlson Comorbidity Index were used for comparative assessment of the eFI. We modeled in-hospital mortality and 30-day readmission using logistic regression; 30-day and 6-month mortality using Cox regression; and length of stay using linear regression. Results Thirteen thousand one hundred and eighty-eight patients were included in analyses (mean age 83.1 years). A 0.03 increment in the eFI was associated with higher risks of in-hospital (odds ratio: 1.65; 95% confidence interval: 1.54-1.78), 30-day (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.43; 1.38-1.48), and 6-month mortality (HR: 1.34; 1.31-1.37) adjusted for age and sex. Of the frailty and comorbidity measures, the eFI had the highest area under receiver operating characteristic curve for in-hospital mortality of 0.813. Higher eFI was associated with longer length of stay, but had a rather poor discrimination for 30-day readmission. Conclusions An EHR-based eFI has robust associations with adverse outcomes, suggesting that it can be used in risk stratification in hospitalized older adults.
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| 5. |
- Mak, Jonathan K. L., et al.
(författare)
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Two Years with COVID-19 : The Electronic Frailty Index Identifies High-Risk Patients in the Stockholm GeroCovid Study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Gerontology. - : S. Karger. - 0304-324X .- 1423-0003. ; 69:4, s. 396-405
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Frailty, a measure of biological aging, has been linked to worse COVID-19 outcomes. However, as the mortality differs across the COVID-19 waves, it is less clear whether a medical record-based electronic frailty index (eFI) that we have previously developed for older adults could be used for risk stratification in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Objectives: The aim of the study was to examine the association of frailty with mortality, readmission, and length of stay in older COVID-19 patients and to compare the predictive accuracy of the eFI to other frailty and comorbidity measures. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using electronic health records (EHRs) from nine geriatric clinics in Stockholm, Sweden, comprising 3,980 COVID-19 patients (mean age 81.6 years) admitted between March 2020 and March 2022. Frailty was assessed using a 48-item eFI developed for Swedish geriatric patients, the Clinical Frailty Scale, and the Hospital Frailty Risk Score. Comorbidity was measured using the Charlson Comorbidity Index. We analyzed in-hospital mortality and 30-day readmission using logistic regression, 30-day and 6-month mortality using Cox regression, and the length of stay using linear regression. Predictive accuracy of the logistic regression and Cox models was evaluated by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and Harrell's C-statistic, respectively. Results: Across the study period, the in-hospital mortality rate decreased from 13.9% in the first wave to 3.6% in the latest (Omicron) wave. Controlling for age and sex, a 10% increment in the eFI was significantly associated with higher risks of in-hospital mortality (odds ratio = 2.95; 95% confidence interval = 2.42-3.62), 30-day mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.39; 2.08-2.74), 6-month mortality (HR = 2.29; 2.04-2.56), and a longer length of stay (beta-coefficient = 2.00; 1.65-2.34) but not with 30-day readmission. The association between the eFI and in-hospital mortality remained robust across the waves, even after the vaccination rollout. Among all measures, the eFI had the best discrimination for in-hospital (AUC = 0.780), 30-day (Harrell's C = 0.733), and 6-month mortality (Harrell's C = 0.719). Conclusion: An eFI based on routinely collected EHRs can be applied in identifying high-risk older COVID-19 patients during the continuing pandemic.
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| 6. |
- Sandén, Anna Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Solubility and proteolysis of the Zb-MaIE and Zb-MaIE31 proteins during overproduction in Escherichia coli
- 2005
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Ingår i: Biotechnology and Bioengineering. - : Wiley. - 0006-3592 .- 1097-0290. ; 90:2, s. 239-247
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- From the hypothesis that the rate of expression of a nascent polypeptide controls the accumulation of soluble full-length protein, accumulation of the model fusion proteins Zb-MalE and Zb-MalE31, were studied. MalE and MalE31 are two isoforms of the maltose binding protein, differing only in two consecutive amino acids. Parameters controlling the expression rate were the transcription rate, which was controlled by IPTG induction of the lacUV5 promoter and the substrate addition levels during fed-batch cultivation. Results show that the two product proteins appear in both soluble and insoluble fractions during cultivation and are both subjected to proteolysis. However, the accumulation of the soluble form of Zb-MalE31 protein is radically lower, at all conditions, due to the small difference in primary structure. It was shown that both proteolysis and inclusion body formation could be influenced by the selected parameters although a change in feed rate had a considerably higher effect. A high concentration of inducer and a "high" feed rate result in a low accumulation of soluble product, due to a high proteolysis. The concentration of inducer leading to different levels of transcription is, however, an efficient tool to influence inclusion body formation. At low IPTG concentrations (<= 5 mu M), this formation is almost abolished while at a comparatively high concentration (>= 300 mu M) 50% of the total product accumulated was in the form of inclusion bodies.
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| 7. |
- Östman, Örjan, et al.
(författare)
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Estimating Competition between Wildlife and Humans-A Case of Cormorants and Coastal Fisheries in the Baltic Sea
- 2013
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:12, s. e83763-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cormorants and other wildlife populations have come in real or perceived conflicts with humans over exploited fish stocks. From gut contents of cormorants, and using an extension of the Catch equation, we estimated the degree of short term competition between great cormorants and coastal fisheries in two areas along the Swedish Baltic Sea. Cormorants consumed 10 and 44%, in respective area, of the fish biomass of six fish species harvested by humans; eel, flounder, herring, perch, pike, and whitefish. On average, cormorants consumed smaller individuals than harvested in fisheries. But for perch, cod and flounder, cormorants consumed harvestable sized fish corresponding >20% of human catches. Our competition model estimated the direct decrease in fisheries catches due to cormorant predation to be <10% for all species except flounder (>30%) and perch (2-20%). When also including the indirect effects of cormorant predation on smaller fish that never reached harvestable size, the estimated decrease in fisheries catches at least doubled for perch (13-34%) and pike (8-19%). Despite large uncertainties, our model indicates that cormorants may locally have a direct impact on human catches of at least flounder, and when incorporating indirect effects also on perch and pike. The study indicates that the degree of competition between cormorants and humans varies substantially between areas. We also included economical values in the model and concluded that for the commercially most important species, eel and cod, the estimated economic impact of cormorants on fisheries was low.
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| 8. |
- Almqvist, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Fördjupad analys av den svenska klimatomställningen 2020 : Klimat och luft i fokus
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sverige har ambitiösa klimatåtaganden där regeringen uttalat att Sverige ska bli världens första fossilfria välfärdsland. Riksdagen har antagit ambitiösa mål för att minska utsläppen av växthusgaser i Sverige för att vara med i omställningen och begränsa den globala uppvärmningen i linje med Parisavtalet. Under 2017 antog riksdagen ett klimatpolitiskt ramverk för Sverige med nya klimatmål. Det långsiktiga klimatmålet innebär att Sverige senast år 2045 inte ska ha några nettoutsläpp av växthusgaser till atmosfären, för att därefter uppnå negativa utsläpp. Det innebär att utsläppen av växthusgaser inom Sveriges gränser ska ha minskat med minst 85 procent senast år 2045 jämfört med utsläppen år 1990.Naturvårdsverket visar vägen mot klimatmålenNaturvårdsverket ansvarar för uppföljningen av Sveriges nationellt fastställda klimatmål. Årets rapport innehåller fördjupade analyser av trender i den svenska klimatomställningen för Sveriges utsläpp och nettoupptag av växthusgaser och ger en övergripande bild av hur vi befinner oss på vägen mot Sveriges klimatmål. Rapporten innehåller ett särskilt fokuskapitel som beskriver möjligheter med att integrera åtgärdsstrategier i luft- och klimatarbetet.Sveriges utsläpp av växthusgaser minskar för långsamtSveriges territoriella utsläpp av växthusgaser var 50,9 miljoner ton koldioxidekvivalenter år 2019, vilket motsvarar en minskning om 2,4 procent jämfört med 2018. För att nå det långsiktiga klimatmålet om nettonollutsläpp till 2045 krävs en genomsnittlig minskningstakt om 6–10 procent per år från 2019.Det senaste årets utsläppsminskning beror främst på minskade utsläpp inom industrisektorn och el- och fjärrvärmesektorn. Inom industrin har utsläppen framför allt minskat på grund av planerade underhållsstopp på raffinaderier och minskad produktion inom mineralindustrin. Minskade utsläpp syns i de flesta sektorerna, förutom jordbrukssektorn och arbetsmaskiner där utsläppen har ökat jämfört med föregående år.
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| 9. |
- Arm, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Gasbildning i aska
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Asplund, Maria. E., 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Methane Emissions From Nordic Seagrass Meadow Sediments
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Marine Science. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-7745. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Shallow coastal soft bottoms are important carbon sinks. Submerged vegetation has been shown to sequester carbon, increase sedimentary organic carbon (C-org) and thus suppress greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The ongoing regression of seagrass cover in many areas of the world can therefore lead to accelerated emission of GHGs. In Nordic waters, seagrass meadows have a high capacity for carbon storage, with some areas being recognized as blue carbon hotspots. To what extent these carbon stocks lead to emission of methane (CH4) is not yet known. We investigated benthic CH4 emission (i.e., net release from the sediment) in relation to seagrass (i.e. Zostera marina) cover and sedimentary C-org content (%) during the warm summer period (when emissions are likely to be highest). Methane exchange was measured in situ with benthic chambers at nine sites distributed in three regions along a salinity gradient from similar to 6 in the Baltic Sea (Finland) to similar to 20 in Kattegat (Denmark) and similar to 26 in Skagerrak (Sweden). The net release of CH4 from seagrass sediments and adjacent unvegetated areas was generally low compared to other coastal habitats in the region (such as mussel banks and wetlands) and to other seagrass areas worldwide. The lowest net release was found in Finland. We found a positive relationship between CH4 net release and sedimentary C-org content in both seagrass meadows and unvegetated areas, whereas no clear relationship between seagrass cover and CH4 net release was observed. Overall, the data suggest that Nordic Zostera marina meadows release average levels of CH4 ranging from 0.3 to 3.0 mu g CH4 m(-2) h(-1), which is at least 12-78 times lower (CO2 equivalents) than their carbon accumulation rates previously estimated from seagrass meadows in the region, thereby not hampering their role as carbon sinks. Thus, the relatively weak CH4 emissions from Nordic Z. marina meadows will not outweigh their importance as carbon sinks under present environmental conditions.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Bennett, Sarah E., et al.
(författare)
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Assessing acceptability and identifying barriers and facilitators to implementation of the EULAR recommendations for patient education in inflammatory arthritis : a mixed-methods study with rheumatology professionals in 23 European and Asian countries
- 2022
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Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 81:10, s. 1348-1357
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To disseminate and assess the level of acceptability and applicability of the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) recommendations for patient education among professionals in rheumatology across Europe and three Asian countries and identify potential barriers and facilitators to their application. Methods: A parallel convergent mixed-methods design with an inductive approach was used. A web-based survey, available in 20 different languages, was distributed to health professionals by non-probability sampling. The level of agreement and applicability of each recommendation was assessed by (0-10) rating scales. Barriers and facilitators to implementation were assessed using free-text responses. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively and qualitative data by content analysis and presented in 16 categories supported by quotes. Results: A total of 1159 completed the survey; 852 (73.5%) were women. Most of the professionals were nurses (n=487), rheumatologists (n=320), physiotherapists (n=158). For all recommendations, the level of agreement was high but applicability was lower. The four most common barriers to application were lack of time, lack of training in how to provide patient education, not having enough staff to perform this task and lack of evaluation tools. The most common facilitators were tailoring patient education to individual patients, using group education, linking patient education with diagnosis and treatment and inviting patients to provide feedback on patient education delivery.Conclusions: This project has disseminated the EULAR recommendations for patient education to health professionals across 23 countries. Potential barriers to their application were identified and some are amenable to change, namely training patient education providers and developing evaluation tools. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
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| 13. |
- Benulic, Kajsa-Stina
(författare)
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A Beef with Meat : Media and Audience Framings of Environmentally Unsustainable Production and Consumption
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this thesis is to identify potential routes of participation in environmentally sustainable changes of the Swedish meat production and consumption. Changes are needed as meat production and consumption have been linked to serious environmental problems, such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and land use change. Scientists, international organizations, and Swedish government authorities have identified individual consumer responsibility as key in making that change happen. The public is to be informed and educated to make more environmentally sustainable choices as meat consumers, and become more supportive of policy instruments. This strategy, which mirrors the dominant approach to solving environmental problems, is suggested by government authorities despite their suspicion that media should have made most Swedes aware of the environmental impacts of meat.In this thesis potential participatory routes are identified through the analysis of Swedish news media and audience framings of meat production and consumption. Media framing is studied as an important source of information, and perhaps motivation, crucial in the individualized consumer responsibility approach. The media framing is studied through content analysis of mainstream and alternative radical newspapers. The audiences’ framing of meat may be influenced by media, but also by their everyday experiences, beliefs, values, and opinions. Focus group discussions with reception elements are the methods used for studying how audiences frame meat and use media in the process. The concept of participation is broadened to include passive and active forms to capture in which roles individuals consider to contribute to changing meat production and consumption. It is not self-evident that routes to change must include individual participation, since responsibility may be attributed to other actors, both by media and their audiences.The results imply only participatory route supported by media and audience framing. It is the one that mirrors the individualized consumer responsibility approach to solving environmental problems. The major barrier to the route is the audiences’ perceived inability to act. In an alternative route supported by both media and audience framing, state centered actors are made responsible for enforcing change. Here, the major barrier is the perceived unlikeliness of powerful actors assuming responsibility. Audiences construct no citizen roles for themselves to participate in. Neither does media, who only address audiences as consumers. Based on these findings it is suggested that the outlook for the individualized responsibility approach to making meat production and consumption environmentally sustainable is gloomy. At least if it the approach is to continuously rely on the information and motivation offered by media.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Berkhout, Maria (Marjo) Johanna, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Hypertension treatment in the oldest-old: focus group interviews with Swedish general practitioners.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of primary health care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7724 .- 0281-3432. ; 40:3, s. 395-404
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explored the considerations and experiences of Swedish General Practitioners (GPs) of hypertension treatment in patients 80years and above.Qualitative design with focus group interviews. Data were analysed by qualitative content analysis.Primary health care centres (PHCCs), both rural and urban, in the Region of Västra Götaland, Sweden.GPs and GP trainees working at PHCCs in 2019 and 2020. Five focus group interviews with 24 physicians were performed.Considerations and experiences of hypertension treatment in the oldest-old.Eighteen GPs and six GP trainees participated in the study. The latent content was formulated in a theme: 'The physician's decision-making in the treatment of hypertension in the oldest-old implies the inclusion of both medical and humanistic considerations.' The manifest content constituted three main categories: 'The patient characteristics' included medical condition, behavioural factors and daily life. 'The physician's role' described the GP as a professional and her/his experienced support. 'The treatment decision' considered these categories and involved risk-benefit balancing and communication. For the future, the participants proposed better guidelines for the oldest-old multimorbid patients, increased teamwork, continuous cooperation with nurses and better cooperation with hospital physicians.Hypertension care for the oldest-old was experienced as complicated by GPs, due to the need of balancing medical and humanistic considerations. The GP's clinical experience and the received support were of importance when making the treatment decision based on risk-benefit balancing and communication with the patient.Key pointsGPs experienced the task of caring for the oldest-old patients with hypertension as complicated.Patient factors like multimorbidity, polypharmacy, behavioural factors and the patient's condition of daily life were identified.Clinical experience and the experienced support at the PHCC were discussed as important for the GPs' treatment decision.Treatment decisions for the oldest-old patients with hypertension were based on risk-benefit balancing and communication with the patients.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Boström, Adrian, et al.
(författare)
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A MIR4646 associated methylation locus is hypomethylated in adolescent depression
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Affective Disorders. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-0327 .- 1573-2517. ; 220, s. 117-128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Studies of epigenetics and transcriptional activity in adolescents may provide knowledge about possible preventive strategies of depression. Methods: We present a methylome-wide association study (MWAS) and cohort validation analysis of depression in adolescents, in two separate cohorts: discovery (n = 93) and validation data set 1 (n = 78). The genome-wide methylation pattern was measured from whole blood using the Illumina 450K array. A second validation cohort, validation data set 2, consists of post-mortem brain biopsies from depressed adults (n = 58). We performed a MWAS by robust multiple linear regressions of methylation to a modified risk-score assessment of depression. Methylation levels of candidate CpG sites were correlated with expression levels of the associated gene in an independent cohort of 11 healthy volunteers. Results: The methylation state of two CpG sites reliably predicted ratings of depression in adolescents (cg13227623 and cg04102384) (p < 10E-06). Cohort validation analysis confirmed cg04102384 - located in the promoter region of microRNA 4646 (MIR4646) - to be hypomethylated in both validation data set 1 and validation data set 2 (p < 0.05). Cg04102384 was inversely correlated to expression levels of MIR4646-3p in healthy controls (p < 0.05). Limitations: MIR4646 was not differentially expressed in a subset of samples with adolescent depression measured by qRT-PCR measurements. Conclusion: We identify a specific MIR4646 associated epigenetic risk site to be associated with depression in adolescents. Cg04102384 putatively regulates gene expression of MIR4646-3p. Target gene prediction and gene set overrepresentation analysis revealed involvement of this miRNA in fatty acid elongation, a process related to omega-3 fatty acids, previously associated with depression.
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| 19. |
- Boström, Adrian Desai E., et al.
(författare)
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Epigenetic changes in the CYP2D6 gene are related to severity of suicide attempt : A cross-sectional study of suicide attempters
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychiatric Research. - : Elsevier. - 0022-3956 .- 1879-1379. ; 160, s. 217-224
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The ability to accurately estimate risk of suicide deaths on an individual level remains elusive.Methods: This study reports on a case-control study set-up from a well-characterized cohort of 88 predominantly female suicide attempters (SA), stratified into low- (n = 57) and high-risk groups (n = 31) based on reports of later death by suicide, as well as degree of intent-to-die and lethality of SA method. We perform an unbiased analysis of 12,930 whole-blood derived CpG-sites (Illumina Infinium EPIC BeadChip) previously demonstrated to be more conciliable with brain-derived variations. The candidate site was validated by pyrosequencing. External replication was performed in (1) relation to age at index suicide attempt in 97 women with emotionally unstable personality disorder (whole-blood) and (2) death by suicide in a mixed group of 183 prefrontal-cortex (PFC) derived samples who died by suicide or from non-psychiatric etiologies.Results: CYP2D6-coupled CpG-site cg07016288 was hypomethylated in severe suicidal behavior (p < 10E-06). Results were validated by pyrosequencing (p < 0.01). Replication analyses demonstrate hypomethylation of cg07016288 in relation to age at index SA in females (p < 0.05) and hypermethylation in PFC of male suicide completers (p < 0.05). Limitations: Genotyping of CYP2D6 was not performed and CpG-site associations to gene expression were not explored.Conclusions: CYP2D6-coupled epigenetic markers are hypomethylated in females in dependency of features known to confer increased risk of suicide deaths and hypermethylated in PFC of male suicide completers. Further elucidating the role of CYP2D6 in severe suicidality or suicide deaths hold promise to deduce clinically meaningful results.
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| 20. |
- Boström, Adrian, et al.
(författare)
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Hypermethylation-associated downregulation of microRNA-4456 in hypersexual disorder with putative influence on oxytocin signalling : A DNA methylation analysis of miRNA genes
- 2020
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Ingår i: Epigenetics. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1559-2294 .- 1559-2308. ; 15:1-2, s. 145-160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hypersexual disorder (HD) was proposed as a diagnosis in the DSM-5 and the classification ‘Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder’ is now presented as an impulse-control disorder in ICD-11. HD incorporates several pathophysiological mechanisms; including impulsivity, compulsivity, sexual desire dysregulation and sexual addiction. No previous study investigated HD in a methylation analysis limited to microRNA (miRNA) associated CpG-sites. The genome wide methylation pattern was measured in whole blood from 60 subjects with HD and 33 healthy volunteers using the Illumina EPIC BeadChip. 8,852 miRNA associated CpG-sites were investigated in multiple linear regression analyses of methylation M-values to a binary independent variable of disease state (HD or healthy volunteer), adjusting for optimally determined covariates. Expression levels of candidate miRNAs were investigated in the same individuals for differential expression analysis. Candidate methylation loci were further studied for an association with alcohol dependence in an independent cohort of 107 subjects. Two CpG-sites were borderline significant in HD – cg18222192 (MIR708)(p < 10E-05,pFDR = 5.81E-02) and cg01299774 (MIR4456)(p < 10E-06, pFDR = 5.81E-02). MIR4456 was significantly lower expressed in HD in both univariate (p < 0.0001) and multivariate (p < 0.05) analyses. Cg01299774 methylation levels were inversely correlated with expression levels of MIR4456 (p < 0.01) and were also differentially methylated in alcohol dependence (p = 0.026). Gene target prediction and pathway analysis revealed that MIR4456 putatively targets genes preferentially expressed in brain and that are involved in major neuronal molecular mechanisms thought to be relevant for HD, e.g., the oxytocin signalling pathway. In summary, our study implicates a potential contribution of MIR4456 in the pathophysiology of HD by putatively influencing oxytocin signalling.
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| 21. |
- Boström Cars, Maria, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Mind the Gap! : Maritime education for gender-equal career advancement
- 2015. - 1
-
Ingår i: Maritime Women. - Berlin Heidelberg : Springer. - 9783662453841 ; , s. 143-154
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Seafaring as an occupation, and the maritime community as a whole, is still a male-dominated industry. In order to encourage more women to engage in a career at sea, a number of campaigns have been launched by various stakeholders. Since gender gaps in education generally are larger in the developing world, while steadily closing in the developed countries, it is both understandable and appropriate that efforts largely have been directed towards enabling women in developing countries to engage in professional education and training, may it be maritime or other. However, is opening the door and encouraging women to participate in maritime training sufficient to keep and encourage women to embark on a maritime career?In this paper, we set out to examine how gender equality is addressed in the curricula of maritime education. A document analysis was performed, examining official study plans and curricula from eight maritime universities in Finland, Norway, Sweden and the Philippines; all nations ranked in the top five in the Global gender Gap Index. The results show that gender issues are not explicitly mentioned or addressed in these documents, indicating a lack of clear strategies for these matters. Educational institutions are important bearers of societal norms and values. Without effective gender-inclusive strategies and pedagogical and didactic approaches, there is a risk of reproducing inequality, instead of producing equality. Increasing numbers of female students will not alone close the gender gap in the maritime industry. Gender issues must be well defined, operationalised and included in educational policy and curricula-making at individual, structural as well as symbolical levels.
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| 22. |
- Boström Cars, Maria, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
-
Mind the gap! Maritime education for gender-equal career advancement
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Maritime Women: Global Leadership 2nd International Conference, Malmö, March 31 - April 1, 2014. - Malmö.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Seafaring as an occupation and the maritime community as a whole is still a male-dominated industry. In order to encourage more women to engage in a career at sea, a number of campaigns have been launched by various stakeholders. Since gender gaps in education generally are larger in the developing world while steadily closing in the developed countries, it is both understandable and appropriate that efforts largely have been directed towards enabling women in developing countries to engage in professional education and training, may it be maritime or other. However, is opening the door and encouraging women to participate in maritime training sufficient to keep and encourage women to embark on a maritime career?In this paper, we set out to examine how gender equality is addressed in the curricula of maritime education. A document analysis was performed, examining official study plans and curricula from in all eight maritime universities in Finland, Norway, Sweden and the Philippines, all ranked in the top five in the Global gender Gap Index. The results show that gender issues are not explicitly mentioned or addressed in these documents, indicating a lack of clear strategies for these matters. Educational institutions are important bearers of societal norms and values. Without effective gender inclusive strategies and pedagogical and didactic approaches, there is a risk of reproducing inequality instead of producing equality. Increasing numbers of female students will not alone close the gender gap in the maritime industry. Gender issues must be well defined, operationalized and included in educational policy and curricula making at individual, structural as well as symbolical level.
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| 23. |
- Boström, Dan, et al.
(författare)
-
Hexakis(dimethyl sulfoxide-kappa O)aluminium(III) trichloride
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Acta Crystallographica Section E. - 1600-5368. ; 59, s. M934-M935
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The title compound, [Al{(CH3)(2)SO}(6)]Cl-3, crystallizes in the trigonal space group R(3) over bar. In this structure, the O atoms of six dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) molecules are bonded to the Al3+ ion in the form of a trigonally distorted octahedron. The Al3+ ion is situated at special site 3b (symmetry (3) over bar), while the Cl- ions are situated at special sites 3a and 6c (symmetries (3) over bar and 3). Considering only the Al3+ ions separately, they are arranged in a slightly distorted cubic close-packed arrangement. In this crystal structure, the Cl- ions occupy both the tetrahedral sites and the octahedral sites, giving a Cl-:Al3+ ratio of 3:1. This geometric condition results in a distorted rhombododecahedral arrangement of Cl- ions around the Al3+ ions.
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| 24. |
- Boström, Dan, et al.
(författare)
-
Hexakis(dimethyl sulfoxide-KO)aluminium(III) trichloride
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Acta Crystallographica Section E. - : International Union of Crystallography. - 1600-5368. ; 59:10, s. m934-m935
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The title compound, [Al{(CH3)2SO}6]Cl3, crystallizes in the trigonal space group R. In this structure, the O atoms of six dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) molecules are bonded to the Al3+ ion in the form of a trigonally distorted octahedron. The Al3+ ion is situated at special site 3b (symmetry ), while the Cl- ions are situated at special sites 3a and 6c (symmetries and 3). Considering only the Al3+ ions separately, they are arranged in a slightly distorted cubic close-packed arrangement. In this crystal structure, the Cl- ions occupy both the tetrahedral sites and the octahedral sites, giving a Cl-:Al3+ ratio of 3:1. This geometric condition results in a distorted rhombododecahedral arrangement of Cl- ions around the Al3+ ions.
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| 25. |
- Boström, Elisabeth Almer, 1983, et al.
(författare)
-
Resistin and insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling in rheumatoid arthritis.
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Arthritis and rheumatism. - : Wiley. - 1529-0131 .- 0004-3591. ; 63:10, s. 2894-904
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human resistin has proinflammatory properties that activate NF-κB-dependent pathways, whereas its murine counterpart is associated with insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to examine potential cross-talk between resistin and insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Boström, Elisabeth Almer, 1983, et al.
(författare)
-
Resistin is stored in neutrophil granules being released upon challenge with inflammatory stimuli.
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Biochimica et biophysica acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-3002. ; 1793:12, s. 1894-900
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have recently shown that resistin is a key mediator of arthritis accumulating in the inflamed joints and exerting its pro-inflammatory properties independently of TNFalpha. Here we evaluate neutrophils as a cellular source of resistin. Human neutrophils were subjected to subcellular fractionation where the presence of resistin was assessed using western blot, ELISA, and mass spectrometry. Presence of resistin on the neutrophil surface was visualized by flow cytometry. More than 95% of the neutrophils in circulation and in synovial fluid express resistin on their surface. Stimulation of mature neutrophils with fMLF induced release of resistin into supernatants and increased expression of resistin on the surface. Resistin is mobilized simultaneously with lactoferrin, a protein found in specific granules, and with granule-stored CR3/CD11b. Subcellular fractionation of human neutrophils demonstrated the presence of resistin in azurophilic and in specific granules. Here we show that neutrophils have two pools of resistin, the major one exists in specific granules, and the second on their cell membrane. Release of resistin from the neutrophil granules probably serves the main source of resistin at the site of inflammation.
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| 28. |
- Boström, Elisabeth Almer, 1983, et al.
(författare)
-
Salivary resistin reflects local inflammation in Sjögrens syndrome
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Journal of Rheumatology. - 0315-162X .- 1499-2752. ; 35:10, s. 2005-2011
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of resistin in primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) and its relation to local inflammation. METHODS: Blood and saliva were collected from 37 patients with pSS (duration of symptoms 12.6+/-1 yrs) and 32 healthy controls. Expression of resistin in salivary glands was visualized immunohistologically, and levels of resistin were detected by ELISA. Levels of resistin were evaluated at baseline and following oral dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) treatment (50 mg/day). The effect of DHEA treatment on the secretion of resistin was assessed in vitro in human leukocytes after challenge with insulin and lipopolysaccharide. RESULTS: Levels of resistin in saliva were significantly higher in patients with pSS than in controls, while circulating levels of resistin were similar in both groups. Resistin was expressed in the epithelial cells of striated ducts and in the lymphocytic foci. Resistin levels in saliva were related to the intensity of inflammation in the minor salivary glands of pSS patients. No changes of the levels of resistin in blood or saliva were observed during DHEA treatment. Exposure of naive leukocytes to DHEA in vitro induced significant expression of resistin compared to nonstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (p=0.031). CONCLUSION: We showed that levels of resistin are upregulated locally in the salivary glands of patients with pSS; and that the levels of resistin correspond to the intensity of lymphocytic inflammation in patients with pSS. We suggest that resistin is expressed in the salivary glands of patients with pSS and may be a driving factor of local inflammation.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Boström, Hanna L. B., et al.
(författare)
-
How Reproducible is the Synthesis of Zr-Porphyrin Metal-Organic Frameworks? An Interlaboratory Study
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Advanced Materials. - 0935-9648 .- 1521-4095. ; 36:15
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a rapidly growing class of materials that offer great promise in various applications. However, the synthesis remains challenging: for example, a range of crystal structures can often be accessed from the same building blocks, which complicates the phase selectivity. Likewise, the high sensitivity to slight changes in synthesis conditions may cause reproducibility issues. This is crucial, as it hampers the research and commercialization of affected MOFs. Here, it presents the first-ever interlaboratory study of the synthetic reproducibility of two Zr-porphyrin MOFs, PCN-222 and PCN-224, to investigate the scope of this problem. For PCN-222, only one sample out of ten was phase pure and of the correct symmetry, while for PCN-224, three are phase pure, although none of these show the spatial linker order characteristic of PCN-224. Instead, these samples resemble dPCN-224 (disordered PCN-224), which has recently been reported. The variability in thermal behavior, defect content, and surface area of the synthesised samples are also studied. The results have important ramifications for field of metal-organic frameworks and their crystallization, by highlighting the synthetic challenges associated with a multi-variable synthesis space and flat energy landscapes characteristic of MOFs. It performed an interlaboratory study of the synthesis of the metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) PCN-222 and PCN-224. Ten participants independently synthesized the two MOFs and the products are analyzed, primarily by X-ray diffraction. The success rates are low (one-three samples corresponding to a pure sample of the correct phase), thus highlighting the problems with irreproducibility in MOF synthesis. image
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| 31. |
- Boström, Ida Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
CTG18.1 expansion in transcription factor 4 (TCF4) in corneal graft failure : preliminary study
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Cell and Tissue Banking. - : Springer Science+Business Media B.V.. - 1389-9333 .- 1573-6814. ; 25, s. 613-618
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is caused by a corneal endothelial cell loss, leading to corneal edema and visual impairment. The most significant genetic risk factor for FECD is an expansion of the CTG18.1 locus in transcription factor 4 (TCF4). The current treatment for severe FECD is corneal transplantation, with Descemet stripping automated keratoplasty (DSAEK) as a common surgical method. Although successful in most cases, the risk for transplant failure due to diverse causes must be considered. In this study, we investigated if presence of TCF4 CTG18.1 expansion with more than 31 (n ≥ 31) repeats in donated corneal grafts could be a reason for corneal transplant failure after DSAEK. For this, nine consecutively failed DSAEK corneal grafts were genotyped for CTG18.1 repeat length. One-sided Mann–Whitney U test was performed to evaluate if failed DSAEK corneal grafts had longer CTG18.1 repeats than healthy controls from the same population. All failed corneal grafts had CTG18.1 n ≤ 27 with a median of 18 (IQR 8.0) repeats for the longest allele. There was no statistical difference in CTG18.1 repeat lengths between failed corneal grafts and the geographically matched healthy control group. In conclusion, none of the nine failed corneal grafts in our material had CTG18.1 repeat lengths ≥ 31, a cut-off known to have a biological relevance in FECD. Thus, our results suggest that the assessment of donors and inspection of the corneal tissue before the decision for procurement is sufficient, in terms of recognizing FECD in the donor.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Boström, Lena, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Learning Styles in Nordic Research: Theoretical Origins and Empirical Observations on Grammar and Music : Paper presented at the ELSIN-conference 2010, Aviero, Portugal
- 2010
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The term Learning Styles as become widely recognised over the past two decades, and its application is extensive throughout Scandinavia in both schools and the business sector. There are increasing calls to culturally validate, contextualize, review and critically examine this pedagogical theory. This article reports, examines and compares the two existing dissertations in Scandinavia on Dunn's Learning Styles model. As the two theses are very different in character and approach, the research-related designs are also analyzed in the light of the achieved results. This article is based on an exploratory analysis and is reanalytical; in other words, the results are based on past research and our own analytical contributions. The findings in this article have emerged in the encounter between past research and our understanding of Learning Styles theory and its practical application, after a couple of years' distance from our basic research. With the help of a linguistic and discursive perspective, the distinction between the common approaches, qualitatively and qualitatively, can be minimized and an integrative approach to Learning Styles theory can be identified. Against this background there is a discussion on challenges and opportunities to using the Learning Styles theory in Scandinavia for development and review as well as in a cultural context. The findings in this article are that Dunn's Learning Styles model can be used practically and methodically in our school culture in relation to the individualization our governing documents stipulate. The model can furthermore be modified to incorporate in its definition both theoretical knowledge and practical skills that are difficult and new. A continuous review of the model, however, demands a broad, single methodological perspective.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Boström, Lena, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
Lärstilar i nordisk forskning; teoretiska utgångspunkter och empiriska iakttagelser om grammatik och musik
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Pædagogisk Psykologisk Tidsskrift. - Virum : Dansk psykologisk Forlag. - 1903-0002. ; 47:4, s. 337-350
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The term Learning Styles as become widely recognised over the past two decades, and its application is extensive throughout Scandinavia in both schools and the business sector. There are increasing calls to culturally validate, contextualize, review and critically examine this pedagogical theory. This article reports, examines and compares the two existing dissertations in Scandinavia on Dunn's Learning Styles model. As the two theses are very different in character and approach, the research-related designs are also analyzed in the light of the achieved results. This article is based on an exploratory analysis and is reanalytical; in other words, the results are based on past research and our own analytical contributions. The findings in this article have emerged in the encounter between past research and our understanding of Learning Styles theory and its practical application, after a couple of years' distance from our basic research. With the help of a linguistic and discursive perspective, the distinction between the common approaches, qualitatively and qualitatively, can be minimized and an integrative approach to Learning Styles theory can be identified. Against this background there is a discussion on challenges and opportunities to using the Learning Styles theory in Scandinavia for development and review as well as in a cultural context. The findings in this article are that Dunn's Learning Styles model can be used practically and methodically in our school culture in relation to the individualization our governing documents stipulate. The model can furthermore be modified to incorporate in its definition both theoretical knowledge and practical skills that are difficult and new. A continuous review of the model, however, demands a broad, single methodological perspective.
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| 36. |
- Boström, Maria, 1963, et al.
(författare)
-
Changes in work situation and work ability in young female and male workers. A prospective cohort study.
- 2012
-
Ingår i: BMC public health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 12:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Good work ability is very important in young workers, but knowledge of work situations that influence work ability in this group is poor. The aim of this study was to assess whether changes in self-reported work factors are associated with self-reported work ability among young female and male workers. METHODS: A sample of 1,311 (718 women and 593 men) was selected from a Swedish cohort of workers aged 21--25 years. At baseline and at 1-year follow-up, participants completed a self-administrated questionnaire including ratings of physical and psychosocial work factors and current work ability. Prevalence ratios were calculated to assess univariate and multivariate associations between changes in work factors and changes in work ability. RESULTS: Decreased job control (PR 1.7, 95% CI 1.49--2.12) and increased negative influence of job demands on private life (PR 1.5, 95% CI 1.25--1.69) were associated with reduced work ability for both female and male workers in the multivariate analyses. Among female workers, an association was found between improved work ability and increased social support at work (PR 2.4, CI 1.43-- 3.95). For male workers, increased job control (PR 2.3, 95% CI 1.21--4.54) and decreased negative influence of job demands on private life (PR 2.1, 95% CI 1.10--3.87) were associated with improved work ability in the multivariate analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Decreased job control and increased negative influence of job demands on private life over time seem to be the most important work factors associated with reduced work ability among young workers of both sexes. Increased social support at work, increased job control, and decreased negative influence of job demands on private life were also found to be the main work factors associated with improved work ability, although with possible gender differences.
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| 37. |
- Boström, Magnus, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
Conditions for Transformative Learning for Sustainable Development : A Theoretical Review and Approach
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 10:12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Continued unsustainability and surpassed planetary boundaries require not only scientific and technological advances, but deep and enduring social and cultural changes. The purpose of this article is to contribute a theoretical approach to understand conditions and constraints for societal change towards sustainable development. In order to break with unsustainable norms, habits, practices, and structures, there is a need for learning for transformation, not only adaption. Based on a critical literature review within the field of learning for sustainable development, our approach is a development of the concept of transformative learning, by integrating three additional dimensions—Institutional Structures, Social Practices, and Conflict Perspectives. This approach acknowledges conflicts on macro, meso, and micro levels, as well as structural and cultural constraints. It contends that transformative learning is processual, interactional, long-term, and cumbersome. It takes place within existing institutions and social practices, while also transcending them. The article adopts an interdisciplinary social science perspective that acknowledges the importance of transformative learning in order for communities, organizations, and individuals to be able to deal with global sustainability problems, acknowledging the societal and personal conflicts involved in such transformation.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Boström, Maria, 1963, et al.
(författare)
-
Experiences of work ability in young workers: an exploratory interview study
- 2016
-
Ingår i: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-0131 .- 1432-1246. ; 89:4, s. 629-640
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Purpose The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of and influences on work ability in young workers related to their work and life situation. Methods In a qualitative study of a strategic sample of 12 young female and 12 young male workers, aged 25-30 years, in work or recently left work, recruited from the 5-year follow-up of a Swedish cohort, semi-structured interviews were performed to explore the experiences of work ability in these young workers. Systematic text condensation inspired by phenomenology was used in the analysis. Results Work ability was experienced as complex, consisting of four themes, each with three subthemes. To be alert and have energy, to possess sufficient education, skills and working life experience and experience meaningfulness and engagement in work, were perceived to be fundamental for work ability and were seen as the worker’s own responsibility. Moreover, work ability can be improved or reduced by the psychosocial work climate, the work organization and the private life. Optimal work ability was experienced when all themes integrated in a positive way. Conclusions Work ability was experienced as the worker’s own responsibility that could be influenced by work circumstances and private life. To promote good work ability among young workers, work ability has to be understood in its specific context. Whether the understanding of work ability found in this study is explicit for the group of young adults, needs to be explored in a more general population in further research.
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| 40. |
- Boström, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Health and work environment among female and male Swedish elementary school teachers - A cross-sectional study
- 2020
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 17:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Changes in teachers' work situation in Sweden since the 1990s may have contributed to an increase in common mental disorders (CMDs) and burnout. However, there is a lack of research in this field. The aim was to describe how Swedish elementary school teachers experience their health, organizational and social work environment, and the psychosocial safety climate at the workplace, and especially differences and similarities between female and male teachers.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were collected with the COPSOQ, OLBI, UWES and PSC-12 from 478 elementary teachers, 81.0% of them women, from twenty schools. The response rate was 96.4%.RESULTS: Teachers reported relatively good general health but experienced high stress, high work pace and emotional demands, low influence at work and a poor psychosocial safety climate. These factors were especially prominent among female teachers. Both women and men experienced good development possibilities and high work engagement.CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study can help us to develop a more sustainable work environment for female and male teachers. A more sustainable work environment might attract more people to the profession and incentivize existing teachers to remain in the profession.
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| 41. |
- Boström, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
How to achieve sustainable procurement for “peripheral” products with significant environmental impacts
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Sustainability. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1548-7733. ; 11:1, s. 21-31
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Departing from previous theoretical and empirical studies on sustainable supply-chain management, we investigate organizational commitment (drivers and motivations) and capabilities (resources, structures, and policy instruments) in sustainable procurement of “noncore” products. By focusing on chemicals in textiles, the article explores the activi-ties of differently sized organizations and discusses the potentials and limitations of sustainable procurement measures. The study is based on a qualitative and comparative approach, with empirical findings from 26 case stud-ies of Swedish public and private procurement organizations. These organizations operate in the sectors of hotels/ conference venues, transport, cinema, interior design, and hospitals/daycare. While this work demonstrates major challenges for buyers to take into account peripheral items in sustainable procurement, it also identifies constructive measures for moving forward. A general sustainability/environmental focus can, as an effect, spill over to areas per-ceived as peripheral. © 2014 Boström et al.
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| 42. |
- Boström, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Hur ger man lärare och studenter bästa möjliga stöd och support
- 2014
-
Ingår i: NU2014, Umeå 8-10 oktober, Abstracts. ; , s. 34-34
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Högskolan Dalarna har i tre år arbetat med att bygga upp en gemensam supportorganisation både för administrativa och tekniska frågor. Projektet kallades ”En väg in”, vilket var vad vi ville uppnå. Alla, både studenter och lärare ska bara ha en väg in till supporten; ett telefonnummer, en e-postadress, ett mötesrum på nätet för onlinesupport och en reception för personliga besök. I mitten av februari i år driftssattes den nya supportorganisationen. Vägen har varit lång och krokig, men vi tror på detta som ett vinnande koncept, inte bara för våra studenter och lärare, utan även för den personal som arbetar i supportorganisationen, Vi har fått en större gemenskap och förståelse för varandra mellan avdelningarna, vilket både underlättar vårt dagliga arbete och ökar trivseln bland personalen.Bakgrunden till projektet var att det i olika sammanhang framkommit att studenter, lärare och övrig personal upplevde att det fanns en otydlighet om vart man skulle vända sig med olika frågor, så hösten 2011 inleddes samtal mellan IT-avdelningen, Avdelningen för studentservice, NGL-centrum och Lokal- och Försörjningsavdelningen och en förstudie startades.Hösten 2012 tillsattes två projektledare som fick till uppgift att driva och samordna projektet Ny supportorganisation.Personal från de fyra ingående avdelningarna engagerades i varje delprojektgrupp, för att få en bred förankring.Den stora utmaningen i projektet har varit att få med sig all personal. Vi upptäckte en hel del skillnader i arbetssätt, rutiner, öppettider mm. Vi har bla arbetat med informationsmöten, dialogmöten och gruppdiskussioner. Vi har även tagit in en extern resurs som behandlat förändringsarbete och gruppdynamik. Vi ser nu efter tre år att inställningen har förändrats, från att ha varit avvaktande hos många, till att nu se fördelarna. Denna förändring i inställning var en förutsättning för att den gemensamma supportorganisationen skulle kunna driftssättas.Vi vill gärna dela med oss av våra erfarenheter samt ta del av hur andra lärosäten arbetar med stöd och support för sina lärare och studenter. Högskolan Dalarna har sett detta som en oerhört viktig och central del för att lärarna ska få det stöd de behöver med tekniska och administrativa frågor, för att då kunna fokusera på sin roll, att skapa förutsättningar för lärande. Lika viktigt är att studenterna ska uppleva att de snabbt och effektivt får rätt hjälp i rätt tid.
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| 43. |
- Boström, Magnus, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
-
IKEA and the Responsible Governance of Supply Chains : IKEA’s work on chemicals in textiles
- 2013
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report focuses on IKEA’s management and communication surrounding sustainability in general and chemical risks specifically. IKEA’s work is analysed in relation to theoretical concepts around responsibility, supply chain, and governance . The report focuses on IKEA’s visions and organizational structures, its policy instruments to deal with chemical risks, supplier-relations and communication and learning. The study is based on previous scholarly literature, analyses of relevant documents, a field visit at a few of IKEA’s suppliers in southern India, as well as interviews with staff working at IKEA in Sweden. The report focuses on IKEA’s systems and processes for dealing with chemical risks, and not on the implementation of such measures in quantitative terms.
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| 44. |
- Boström, Maria, 1963, et al.
(författare)
-
Opportunities for recovery at work and excellent work ability - a cross-sectional population study among young workers
- 2016
-
Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Background Better opportunities for recovery at work are thought to be associated with work ability in a young workforce but evidence is scarce to lacking. The aim of this study was to examine cross-sectional associations between opportunities for recovery at work and excellent work ability among young workers and specifically for young workers with high work demands. Methods A study group of 1295 women and 1056 men aged 18–29 years was selected from three biennial years of a population cohort. The subsample reporting high work demands consisted of 439 women and 349 men. The study group had completed a work environment questionnaire in a survey conducted by Statistics Sweden. Associations between opportunities for recovery at work and excellent work ability were assessed by multiple logistic regression models stratified for gender. Results Having varied work was associated with excellent work ability in all young men (p < 0.0006; prevalence ratio [PR] 1.3) and also specifically in men with high work demands (p = 0.019; PR 1.3). For the latter group the possibility of deciding when to perform a work task was also associated with excellent work ability (p = 0.049; PR 1.3). Among young women with high work demands, the possibility of deciding one’s working hours was associated with excellent work ability (p = 0.046; PR 1.2). Conclusions For young men, having varied work can contribute to excellent work ability. In addition, for men with high work demands, the possibility of deciding when to perform a work task may be favourable for excellent work ability. For young women with high work demands, the possibility of deciding one’s working hours can contribute to excellent work ability. Employers could use these opportunities for recovery in promoting work ability among young workers.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Boström, Maria, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Risk factors for generally reduced productivity--a prospective cohort study of young adults with neck or upper-extremity musculoskeletal symptoms.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health. - : Työterveyslaitos. - 0355-3140 .- 1795-990X. ; 34:2, s. 120-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: This study prospectively assessed the importance of individual conditions and computer use during school or work and leisure time as risk factors for self-reported generally reduced productivity due to musculoskeletal complaints among young adults with musculoskeletal symptoms in the neck or upper extremities. METHODS: A cohort of 2914 young adults (18-25 years, vocational school and college or university students) responded to an internet-based questionnaire concerning musculoskeletal symptoms related to individual conditions and computer use during school or work and leisure time that possibly affected general productivity. Prevalence ratios (PR) were used to assess prospective risk factors for generally reduced productivity. RESULTS: The selected study sample (N=1051) had reported neck or upper-extremity symptoms. At baseline, 280 of them reported reduced productivity. A follow-up of the 771 who reported no reduced productivity was carried out after 1 year. Risk factors for self-reported generally reduced productivity for those followed-up were symptoms in two or three locations or dimensions for the upper back or neck and the shoulders, arms, wrists, or hands [PR 2.30, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.40-3.78], symptoms persisting longer than 90 days in the shoulders, arms, wrists, or hands (PR 2.50, 95% CI 1.12-5.58), current symptoms in the shoulders, arms, wrists, or hands (PR 1.78, 95% CI 1.10-2.90) and computer use 8-14 hours/week during leisure time (PR 2.32, 95% CI 1.20-4.47). A stronger relationship was found if three or four risk factors were present. For women, a relationship was found between generally reduced productivity and widespread and current symptoms in the upper extremities. CONCLUSIONS: The main risk factors for generally reduced productivity due to musculoskeletal symptoms among young adults in this study were chronic symptoms in the upper extremities and widespread symptoms in the neck and upper extremities.
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| 48. |
- Boström, Magnus, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable and responsible supply chain governance : challenges and opportunities
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 107, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper introduces the Special Volume on sustainable and responsible supply chain governance. As globalized supply chains cross multiple regulatory borders, the firms involved in these chains come under increasing pressure from consumers, NGOs and governments to accept responsibility for social and environmental matters beyond their immediate organizational boundaries. Governance arrangements for global supply chains are therefore increasingly faced with sustainability requirements of production and consumption. Our primary objectives for this introductory paper are to explore the governance challenges that globalized supply chains and networks face in becoming sustainable and responsible, and thence to identify opportunities for promoting sustainable and responsible governance. In doing so, we draw on 16 articles published in this Special Volume of the Journal of Cleaner Production as well as upon the broader sustainable supply chain governance literature. We argue that the border-crossing nature of global supply chains comes with six major challenges (or gaps) in sustainability governance and that firms and others attempt to address these using a range of tools including eco-labels, codes of conduct, auditing procedures, product information systems, procurement guidelines, and eco-branding. However, these tools are not sufficient, by themselves, to bridge the geographical, informational, communication, compliance, power and legitimacy gaps that challenge sustainable global chains. What else is required? The articles in this Special Volume suggest that coalition and institution building on a broader scale is essential through, for example, the development of inclusive multi-stakeholder coalitions; flexibility to adapt global governance arrangements to local social and ecological contexts of production and consumption; supplementing effective monitoring and enforcement mechanisms with education and other programs to build compliance capacity; and integration of reflexive learning to improve governance arrangements over time.
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| 49. |
- Boström, Magnus, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Towards responsible procurement in relation to chemical risks in textiles? Findings from an interview study
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the present study, we ask whether and how different organizations work with sustainable procurement and how this work relates to the complexity of the product chain. We have chosen to focus on chemical risks in relation to textiles – an issue that increasingly is becoming part of the public discourse and a target for journalists. In the case of textiles, the product chain from raw material to consumption often involves a great number of production steps, sub-contractors and users, often on a global scale. Sustainable management of the supply chain would improve health, quality of life, and labour conditions, for instance in the areas and factories in developing countries where production and processing often take place. However, such management faces great difficulties and challenges in terms of capabilities, knowledge, communication, and policy instruments. These difficulties are related to high uncertainties and other problems that in turn are related to the high complexity of global product chains. The objective of the present report is to gain insights into the opportunities and challenges that private and public organizations face regarding the development of responsible procurement in relation to a complex and uncertain issue. The report focuses on chemicals in textiles and uses a qualitative methodology with semi-structured interviews. Key elements of a pro-active, responsible procurement strategy are defined in the report and include criteria such as using a preventive, systematic, responsive, integrative, and reflective approach. The analysis includes the following topics: (i) priorities and knowledge, (ii) communicative strategies, (iii) policy instruments, (iv) monitoring and trust in relation to suppliers. The results show a fairly modest level of organizational responsibility, although it is possible to observe an initial positive development among the cases investigated. The report ends by suggesting a number of topics that require further investigation.
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| 50. |
- Boström, Magnus, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Transformative learning
- 2024
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Ingår i: Elgar Encyclopedia of Environmental Sociology. - : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 9781803921037 - 9781803921044 ; , s. 550-556
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This entry reviews the concept of transformative learning. Transformative learning theory stresses a learning perspective for situations when actors in (self-)critical ways recognize and reassess basic assumptions and expectations that steer their thinking, feeling, and acting. The theory relies on the humanistic assumption that people have, via deliberative acts, inner capacities to change circumstances. Transformative learning is defined as the process through which actors transform problematic frames of reference. The concept has been applied broadly in sustainability studies, including environmental sociology. The entry discusses five such fields of research, with relevance for environmental sociology: (1) environmental and sustainability education research, (2) the role of emotions in relation to, for example, climate change, (3) research on environmental activism, (4) lifestyle change, and (5), on transformative learning on community/organizational levels.
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