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- Aalbers, J., et al.
(författare)
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A next-generation liquid xenon observatory for dark matter and neutrino physics
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 0954-3899 .- 1361-6471. ; 50:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The nature of dark matter and properties of neutrinos are among the most pressing issues in contemporary particle physics. The dual-phase xenon time-projection chamber is the leading technology to cover the available parameter space for weakly interacting massive particles, while featuring extensive sensitivity to many alternative dark matter candidates. These detectors can also study neutrinos through neutrinoless double-beta decay and through a variety of astrophysical sources. A next-generation xenon-based detector will therefore be a true multi-purpose observatory to significantly advance particle physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, solar physics, and cosmology. This review article presents the science cases for such a detector.
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- Hernández‑Morcillo, Monica, et al.
(författare)
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Scanning the solutions for the sustainable supply of forest ecosystem services in Europe
- 2022
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Ingår i: Sustainability Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1862-4057 .- 1862-4065. ; 17:5, s. 2013-2029
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Forests are key components of European multifunctional landscapes and supply numerous forest ecosystem services (FES) fundamental to human well-being. The sustainable provision of FES has the potential to provide responses to major societal challenges, such as climate change, biodiversity loss, or rural development. To identify suitable strategies for the future sustenance of FES, we performed a solution scanning exercise with a group of transdisciplinary forest and FES experts from diferent European regions. We identifed and prioritized ffteen major challenges hindering the balanced provision of multiple FES and identifed a series of potential solutions to tackle each of them. The most prominent challenges referred to the increased frequency and impacts of extreme weather events and the normative mindset regarding forest management. The respective solutions pointed to the promotion of forest resilience via climate-smart forestry and mainstreaming FES-orientedmanagement through a threefold strategy focusing on education, awareness raising, and networking. In a subsequent survey,most solutions were assessed as highly efective, transferable, monitorable, and with potential for being economically efcient. The implementation of the solutions could have synergistic efects when applying the notion of leverage points. Sevenemerging pathways towards the sustainable supply of FES have been identifed. These pathways build on each other and areorganized based on their potential for transformation: (1) shifting forest management paradigms towards pluralistic ecosystem valuation; (2) using integrated landscape approaches; (3) increasing forest resilience; (4) coordinating actions betweenforest-related actors; (5) increasing participation in forest planning and management; (6) continuous, open, and transparentknowledge integration; and (7) using incentive-based instruments to support regulating and cultural FES. These pathwayscan contribute to the implementation of the new EU Forestry Strategy to support the balanced supply of multiple FES.
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- Wedin, H., et al.
(författare)
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Unstable flow structures in the Blasius boundary layer
- 2014
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Ingår i: The European Physical Journal E Soft matter. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1292-8941 .- 1292-895X. ; 37:4, s. 34-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Finite amplitude coherent structures with a reflection symmetry in the spanwise direction of a parallel boundary layer flow are reported together with a preliminary analysis of their stability. The search for the solutions is based on the self-sustaining process originally described by Waleffe (Phys. Fluids 9, 883 (1997)). This requires adding a body force to the Navier-Stokes equations; to locate a relevant nonlinear solution it is necessary to perform a continuation in the nonlinear regime and parameter space in order to render the body force of vanishing amplitude. Some states computed display a spanwise spacing between streaks of the same length scale as turbulence flow structures observed in experiments (S.K. Robinson, Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 23, 601 (1991)), and are found to be situated within the buffer layer. The exact coherent structures are unstable to small amplitude perturbations and thus may be part of a set of unstable nonlinear states of possible use to describe the turbulent transition. The nonlinear solutions survive down to a displacement thickness Reynolds number Re-* = 496, displaying a 4-vortex structure and an amplitude of the streamwise root-mean-square velocity of 6% scaled with the free-stream velocity. At this Re-* the exact coherent structure bifurcates supercritically and this is the point where the laminar Blasius flow starts to cohabit the phase space with alternative simple exact solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations.
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