| 1. |
- Adesam, Yvonne, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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A lexical resource for computational historical linguistics
- 2021
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Ingår i: The Swedish FrameNet++. Harmonization, integration, method development and practical language technology applications. - Amsterdam / Philadelphia : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 1567-8202. - 978 90 272 5848 9 ; , s. 98-121
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this chapter we present the diachronic dimension of Swedish FrameNet++. We describe the historical lexical resources currently available for Swedish, linked to the Contemporary Swedish lexicon Saldo. We present a case study of how interlinking the dictionaries simultaneously allows us to study lexical change. We also present a method of linking text words to lexicon entries, facilitating interactive exploration of historical texts. Diachronical language resources present both a high-variation challenge from a wider language technology perspective, and an interesting object of linguistic study. While a number of improvements of the parts of the diachronic lexical macroresource are still needed, this resource is invaluable for analysing and accessing historical texts, as well as for both synchronic historical and diachronic lexical studies.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Adesam, Yvonne, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Computer-aided Morphology Expansion for Old Swedish
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC'14) May 26-31, 2014 Reykjavik, Iceland. - 9782951740884 ; , s. 1102-1105
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we describe and evaluate a tool for paradigm induction and lexicon extraction that has been applied to Old Swedish. The tool is semi-supervised and uses a small seed lexicon and unannotated corpora to derive full inflection tables for input lemmata. In the work presented here, the tool has been modified to deal with the rich spelling variation found in Old Swedish texts. We also present some initial experiments, which are the first steps towards creating a large-scale morphology for Old Swedish.
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| 4. |
- Adesam, Yvonne, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Defining the Eukalyptus forest – the Koala treebank of Swedish
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 20th Nordic Conference of Computational Linguistics, NODALIDA 2015, May 11-13, 2015, Vilnius, Lithuania. Edited by Beáta Megyesi. - 1650-3686 .- 1650-3740. - 9789175190983 ; , s. 1-9
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper details the design of the lexical and syntactic layers of a new annotated corpus of Swedish contemporary texts. In order to make the corpus adaptable into a variety of representations, the annotation is of a hybrid type with head-marked constituents and function-labeled edges, and with a rich annotation of non-local dependencies. The source material has been taken from public sources, to allow the resulting corpus to be made freely available.
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| 5. |
- Adesam, Yvonne, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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FSvReader – Exploring Old Swedish Cultural Heritage Texts
- 2018
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Ingår i: CEUR Workshop Proceedings, vol. 2084. Proceedings of the Digital Humanities in the Nordic Countries 3rd Conference Helsinki, Finland, March 7-9, 2018. Edited by Eetu, Mäkelä Mikko, Tolonen Jouni Tuominen. - Helsinki : University of Helsinki, Faculty of Arts. - 1613-0073.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes FSvReader, a tool for easier access to Old Swedish (13th–16th century) texts. Through automatic fuzzy linking of words in a text to a dictionary describing the language of the time, the reader has direct access to dictionary pop-up definitions, in spite of the large amount of morphological and spelling variation. The linked dictionary entries can also be used for simple searches in the text, highlighting possible further instances of the same entry.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Adesam, Yvonne, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Multiwords, Word Senses and Multiword Senses in the Eukalyptus Treebank of Written Swedish
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Workshop on Treebanks and Linguistic Theories (TLT14), 11–12 December 2015 Warsaw, Poland. - 9788363159184 ; , s. 3-12
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiwords reside at the intersection of the lexicon and syntax and in an annotation project, they will affect both levels. In the Eukalyptus treebank of written Swedish, we treat multiwords formally as syntactic objects, which are assigned a lexical type and sense. With the help of a simple dichotomy, analyzed vs unanalyzed multiwords, and the expressiveness of the syntactic annotation formalism employed, we are able to flexibly handle most multiword types and usages.
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| 8. |
- Adesam, Yvonne, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Old Swedish Part-of-Speech Tagging between Variation and External Knowledge
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 10th SIGHUM Workshop on Language Technology for Cultural Heritage, Social Sciences, and Humanities, Berlin, Germany, August 11, 2016. - Stroudsburg, PA : Association for Computational Linguistics. - 9781945626098
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Adesam, Yvonne, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Språkteknologi för svenska språket genom tiderna
- 2016
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Ingår i: Kungliga Skytteanska Samfundets Handlingar. - Umeå : Institutionen för språkstudier, Umeå universitet & Kungl. Skytteanska Samfundet. - 0560-2416. ; 76:Studier i svensk språkhistoria 13, s. 65-87, s. 65-87
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Språkbanken, the Swedish Language Bank, is a language technology research unit at the Department of Swedish, University of Gothenburg. We develop language resources – such as corpora, lexical resources, and analytical tools – for all variants of Swedish, from Old Swedish laws to present-day social media. Historical texts offer exciting theoretical and methodological challenges for language technology because they often defy the assumption inherent in most automatic analysis tools that the texts contain a standardized written language. In this article, we describe our ongoing work on the development of annotated historical corpora, as well as our efforts on linking various resources (both corpora and lexical resources). This research advances the state of the art of language technology as well as enables new research for scholars in other disciplines.
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| 11. |
- Adesam, Yvonne, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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The Eukalyptus Treebank of Written Swedish
- 2018
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Ingår i: Seventh Swedish Language Technology Conference (SLTC), Stockholm, 7–9 November 2018.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Adesam, Yvonne, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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The Koala Part-of-Speech Tagset
- 2019
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Ingår i: Northern European Journal of Language Technology. - : Linkoping University Electronic Press. - 2000-1533. ; 6, s. 5-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the Koala part-of-speech tagset for written Swedish. The categorization takes the Swedish Academy Grammar (SAG) as its main starting point, to fit with the current descriptive view on Swedish grammar. We argue that neither SAG, as is, nor any of the existing part-of-speech tagsets meet our requirements for a broadly applicable categorization. Our proposal is outlined and compared to the other descriptions, and motivations for both the tagset as a whole as well as decisions about individual tags are discussed.
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| 14. |
- Ahlberg, Malin, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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A best-first anagram hashing filter for approximate string matching with generalized edit distance
- 2012
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Ingår i: 24th International Conference on Computational Linguistics COLING, 8-15 December 2012, Mumbai, India. Proceedings.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an efficient method for approximate string matching against a lexicon. We define a filter that for each source word selects a small set of target lexical entries, from which the best match is then selected using generalized edit distance, where edit operations can be assigned an arbitrary weight. The filter combines a specialized hash function with best-first search. Our work extends and improves upon a previously proposed hash-based filter, developed for matching with uniform-weight edit distance. We evaluate an approximate matching system implemented with the new best-first filter, by conducting several experiments on a historical corpus and a set of weighted rules taken from the literature. We present running times and discuss how performance varies using different stopping criteria and target lexica. The results show that the filter is suitable for large rule sets and million word corpora, and encourage further development.
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| 15. |
- Berdicevskis, Aleksandrs, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Superlim: A Swedish Language Understanding Evaluation Benchmark
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, December 6-10, 2023, Singapore / Houda Bouamor, Juan Pino, Kalika Bali (Editors). - Stroudsburg, PA : Association for Computational Linguistics. - 9798891760608
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Bouma, Gerlof, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Building a Diachronic and Contrastive Parallel Corpus – and an Intended Application in the Form of a Study of Germanic Complex Verb Constructions
- 2019
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Ingår i: Digital Humanities 2019, 9 -12 July 2019, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We present a parallel corpus under construction, which is parallel in diachronically (through time) as well as contrastively (between languages). The corpus is made up of Bible texts spanning almost 6 centuries in 4 languages. Our project's direct purpose of building the corpus is to track the development of verb combinations containing multiple auxiliary verbs through time in German, Dutch, English and Swedish. We will also make the corpus available to other researchers. In this poster, we discuss the design of the corpus, our selection of sources, issues with bringing together a wide variety of sources, and alignment of the data. We will also touch upon intended future work concerning the automatic linguistic processing needed to facilitate the study of verb constructions, and the methodological challenges of doing corpus linguistic research on the varying quality of annotations produced by automatic methods on materials from such a wide range of origins.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Bouma, Gerlof, 1979
(författare)
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Exploring Combining Training Datasets for the CLIN 2019 Shared Task on Cross-genre Gender Detection in Dutch
- 2019
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Ingår i: CEUR Workshop Proceedings, vol 2453. Proceedings of the Shared Task on Cross-Genre Gender Prediction in Dutch at CLIN29 (GxG-CLIN29) co-located with the 29th Conference on Computational Linguistics in The Netherlands (CLIN29). Groningen, The Netherlands, January 31, 2019. Edited by Hessel Haagsma, Tim Kreutz, Masha Medvedeva, Walter Daelemans and Malvina Nissim. - Aachen : CEUR-WS.org. - 1613-0073.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present our entries to the Shared Task on Cross-genre Gender Detection in Dutch at CLIN 2019. We start from a simple logistic regression model with commonly used features, and consider two ways of combining training data from different sources.Our in-genre models do reasonably well, but the cross-genre models area lot worse. Post-task experiments show no clear systematic advantage of one way of combining training data sources over the other, but do suggest accuracy can be gained from a better way of setting model hyperparameters.
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| 21. |
- Bouma, Gerlof, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Hulpwerkwoorden stapelen – toen en nu. : Stacking auxiliaries - then and now
- 2021
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Ingår i: Wat gebeurt er in het Nederlands? : over taal, frequentie en variatie / Redactie Nicoline van der Sijs, Lauren Fonteyn en Marten van der Meulen. - Gorredijk : Sterck & de Vreese. - 9789056158033 ; , s. 36-40
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 22. |
- Bouma, Gerlof, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Konsten att bedriva svensk ordforskning utan att kränka upphovsrätten
- 2024
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Huminfra Conference (HiC 2024), Gothenburg, 10–11 January, 2024 / eds. Elena Volodina, Gerlof Bouma, Markus Forsberg, Dimitrios Kokkinakis, David Alfter, Mats Fridlund, Christian Horn, Lars Ahrenberg, Anna Blåder. - Linköping : Linköping University Electronic Press. - 1650-3686 .- 1650-3740. - 9789180755122
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vi beskriver KB-labb och Språkbanken Texts samarbete för att underlätta ordforskning på de upphovsrätts-skyddade korpusar som finns i Kungliga bibliotekets samlingar. Satsningen har hittils lett till två öppna datasamlingar, Kubord 1 och 2, som ger tillgång till ordstatistik och ordsamförekomststatistik. Vi beskriver även Kubord-fastText, en samling vektormodeller som är baserade på samma korpusar, som är underutveckling
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| 23. |
- Bouma, Gerlof, 1979
(författare)
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LFG and Continental West-Germanic languages
- 2023
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Ingår i: Mary Dalrymple (ed.), Handbook of Lexical Functional Grammar. - Berlin : Language Science Press. - 2366-3529. - 9783961104246 ; , s. 1407-1468
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Bouma, Gerlof, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Part-of-speech and Morphology Tagging Old Swedish
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Sixth Swedish Language Technology Conference (SLTC) Umeå University, 17-18 November, 2016.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 26. |
- Bouma, Gerlof, 1979
(författare)
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Real-Time Persistent Queues and Deques with Logic Variables (Declarative Pearl)
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Functional and Logic Programming (FLOPS 2012). - 9783642298219
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a Prolog implementation of real-time persistent queues and double-ended queues. Our implementation is inspired by Okasaki’s lazy-functional approach, but relies only on standard Prolog, comprising of the pure subset plus if-then-else constructs to efficiently implement guards and meta-calls for convenience. The resulting data structure is a nice demonstration of the fact that the use of logic variables to hold the outcome of an unfinished computation can sometimes give the same kind of elegant and compact solutions as lazy evaluation.
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| 27. |
- Bouma, Gerlof, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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The EDGeS Diachronic Bible Corpus
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 12th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2020), May 11-16, 2020, Marseille, France. - : European Language Resources Association (ELRA). - 9791095546344
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the EDGeS Diachronic Bible Corpus: a diachronically and synchronically parallel corpus of Bible translations in Dutch, English, German and Swedish, with texts from the 14th century until today. It is compiled in the context of an intended longitudinal and contrastive study of complex verb constructions in Germanic. The paper discusses the corpus design principles, its selection of 36 Bibles, and the information and metadata encoded for the corpus texts. The EDGeS corpus will be available in two forms: the whole corpus will be accessible for researchers behind a login in the well-known OPUS search infrastructure, and the open subpart of the corpus will be available for download.
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| 28. |
- Cap, Fabienne, et al.
(författare)
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SWORD : Towards Cutting-Edge Swedish Word Processing
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of SLTC 2016.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite many years of research on Swedish language technology, there is still no well-documented standard for Swedish word processing covering the whole spectrum from low-level tokenization to morphological analysis and disambiguation. SWORD is a new initiative within the SWE-CLARIN consortium aiming to develop documented standards for Swedish word processing. In this paper, we report on a pilot study of Swedish tokenization, where we compare the output of six different tokenizers on four different text types. For one text type (Wikipedia articles), we also compare to the tokenization produced by six manual annotators.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Coussé, Evie, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Semantic scope restrictions in complex verb constructions in Dutch
- 2022
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Ingår i: Linguistics. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0024-3949 .- 1613-396X. ; 60:1, s. 123-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article addresses the question of how and why verbs combine in complex verb constructions in Dutch. We discuss introspective data reported in reference grammars and add evidence from corpus data to uncover the systematic ways in which Dutch verbs combine. Our analysis shows that verbs expressing meanings such as tense, aspect, modality and evidentiality are organized in a semantic scope hierarchy; that is, some verb meanings systematically have scope over others but not the other way round. We argue that this scope hierarchy reflects hierarchies of functional categories, elaborated in both functional and generative frameworks.
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| 31. |
- Dahlman, Britt, et al.
(författare)
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Collectio: a software especially designed for creating dynamic libraries for fluid and multilingual text traditions
- 2024
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Huminfra Conference (HiC 2024). - 1650-3686 .- 1650-3740. - 9789180755122 ; 205, s. 51-59
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This contribution presents a new software, Collectio, which can be used for creating highly complex relational MySQL databases, or more accurately, dynamic libraries. These libraries prove particularly well-suited for texts where the material has been organized in different ways and thus represents a ‘fluid’ textual tradition, or in traditions transmitted in many languages. So far, two libraries have been created using Collectio: APDB (the Apophthegmata Patrum Database) and HIPPO, which contains pre-modern hippiatric material. The sources included in the libraries are mainly in the form of manuscripts, editions and modern translations. Collectio employs a unique input model, built upon .txt and .csv files stored in an archive in the folder of the library. The contents of the database tables in the master database are generated from these documents. Since not only texts are registered but also the detailed structure and parallel text segments in other sources, both texts and structures can be systematically compared and analysed within and across language boundaries. In addition to the advanced research tools for comparing texts and structures, the application contains search options, indexes of names, places and concepts, metadata on the sources, pre-written SQL commands and more. A new way of encoding text, which can be converted into TEI/XML, is also introduced.
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| 32. |
- Eckhoff, H., et al.
(författare)
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The PROIEL treebank family: a standard for early attestations of Indo-European languages
- 2018
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Ingår i: Language Resources and Evaluation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1574-020X .- 1574-0218. ; 52:1, s. 29-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article describes a family of dependency treebanks of early attestations of Indo-European languages originating in the parallel treebank built by the members of the project pragmatic resources in old Indo-European languages. The treebanks all share a set of open-source software tools, including a web annotation interface, and a set of annotation schemes and guidelines developed especially for the project languages. The treebanks use an enriched dependency grammar scheme complemented by detailed morphological tags, which have proved sufficient to give detailed descriptions of these richly inflected languages, and which have been easy to adapt to new languages. We describe the tools and annotation schemes and discuss some challenges posed by the various languages that have been annotated. We also discuss problems with tokenisation, sentence division and lemmatisation, commonly encountered in ancient and mediaeval texts, and challenges associated with low levels of standardisation and ongoing morphological and syntactic change.
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| 33. |
- Hansson, Saga, et al.
(författare)
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The Swedish Winogender Dataset
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 23rd Nordic Conference on Computational Linguistics (NoDaLiDa), May 31 - June 2, 2021, Reykjavik, Iceland (online). - Linköping : Linköping University Electronic Press. - 1650-3686 .- 1650-3740. - 9789179296148
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We introduce the SweWinogender test set, a diagnostic dataset to measure gender bias in coreference resolution. It is modelled after the English Winogender benchmark, and is released with reference statistics on the distribution of men and women between occupations and the association between gender and occupation in modern corpus material. The paper discusses the design and creation of the dataset, and presents a small investigation of the supplementary statistics.
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| 34. |
- Johansson, Richard, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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A Multi-domain Corpus of Swedish Word Sense Annotation
- 2016
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Ingår i: 10th edition of the Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, 23-28 May 2016, Portorož (Slovenia). - : European Language Resources Association. - 9782951740891
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe the word sense annotation layer in Eukalyptus, a freely available five-domain corpus of contemporary Swedish with several annotation layers. The annotation uses the SALDO lexicon to define the sense inventory, and allows word sense annotation of compound segments and multiword units. We give an overview of the new annotation tool developed for this project, and finally present an analysis of the inter-annotator agreement between two annotators.
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| 35. |
- Pfaff, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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The NPEGL noun phrase database: design and construction
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Bech, Kristin & Pfaff, Alexander (eds.), Noun phrases in early Germanic languages. - Berlin : Language Science Press. - 9783961104673 ; , s. 1-32
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Theiler, Nadine, et al.
(författare)
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Two for the price of one: an LFG treatment of sentence initial object es in German.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of LFG'12. Miriam Butt and Tracy Holloway King (Eds.). - 1098-6782. ; , s. 603-623
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an analysis of sentence initial object es ‘it’ in German. The weak pronoun es may only realize such an object under specific information structural conditions. We follow recent work suggesting these conditions are exactly those that licence the use of the presentational construction, marked by a sentence initial dummy es. We propose that the initial objects are an example of function amalgamation, show that only objects that may also appear in the clause-internal postverbal domain can participate in this fusion and make this precise in LFG. We end the paper with a contrastive discussion.
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| 39. |
- Vancoppenolle, Jean, et al.
(författare)
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A German Grammar for Generation in OpenCCG
- 2011
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Ingår i: H. Hedeland, T. Schmidt, K. Wörner (eds.): Multilingual Resources and Multilingual Applications. Proc. of the Conference of the German Society for Computational Linguistics and Language Technology (GSCL), Hamburg, 2011. Working Papers in Multilingualism, Series B. - 0176-599X. ; :96, s. 145-150
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a freely available CCG fragment for German that is being developed for natural language generation tasks in the domain of share price statistics. It is implemented in OpenCCG, an open source Java implementation of the compuationally attractive CCG formalism. Since generation requires lexical categories to have semantic representations, so that posssible realizations can be produced, the underlying grammar needs to define semantics. Hybrid Logic Dependency Semantics, a logic calculus especially suited for encodings linguistic meaning, is used to declare the semantics layer. To our knowledge, related work on German CCG development has not yet focused on the semantics layer. In terms of syntax, we concentrate on aspects of German as a partially free constituent order language. Special attention is payed to scrambling, where we employ CCG's type-changing mechanism in a manner athat is somewhat unusual, but allows us to a) minimize the amount of syntactic categories that are needed to model scrambling, compared to providing categories for all possible argument orders, and b) retain enough control to impose restrictions on scrambling.
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| 40. |
- Volodina, Elena, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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DaLAJ-GED – a dataset for Grammatical Error Detection tasks on Swedish
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 12th Workshop on Natural Language Processing for Computer Assisted Language Learning (NLP4CALL 2023) / edited by David Alfter, Elena Volodina, Thomas François, Arne Jönsson and Evelina Rennes. - Linköping : Linköping Electronic Conference Proceedings. - 1650-3686 .- 1650-3740. - 9789180752503
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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