| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Bourbour Hosseinbeigi, Maryam, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Putting Scaffolding Into Action : Preschool Teachers' Actions Using Interactive Whiteboard
- 2020
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Ingår i: Early Childhood Education Journal. - : Springer. - 1082-3301 .- 1573-1707. ; 48:1, s. 79-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to explore preschool teachers' actions in order to support children's learning processes in a context where an interactive whiteboard (IWB) is used. Five preschool teachers and 22 children aged 4-6 were video observed in 2017 and early spring 2018 over a period of 5 months. The findings of the study revealed 21 scaffolding actions which preschool teachers used including: Concretizing, Questioning, Instructing, Providing space, Affirming, Providing feedback, Inviting, Watching, Laughing together, Approaching, Standing/sitting beside, Simplifying, Filling in the blanks, Confirming, Participating, Challenging perception, Challenging thought, Explaining facts, Displaying, Explaining solutions, and Referring back. By characterizing teachers' actions in relation to different scaffolding functions, the relationship between action and scaffolding function was particularly clarified. Six of the functions, including recruitment, direction maintenance, marking critical features, reduction in degrees of freedom, frustration control and demonstration were aligned with Wood et al.'s (Child Psychol Psychiatry 17:88-100, 1976) theoretical framework. By identifying two additional functions, i.e., mutual enjoyment and participation in the activity, more importantly the study contributed to the development of Wood et al.'s (Child Psychol Psychiatry 17:88-100, 1976) theoretical framework. It can be said that the findings of the study expanded and deepened our understanding regarding scaffolding processes and the ways they can be implemented in teaching practices.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Bourbour, Maryam, 1977-
(författare)
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Digital technologies in preschool education : The interplay between interactive whiteboards and teachers' teaching practices
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis is aimed at exploring the ways in which a digital technology, the interactive whiteboard (IWB), interplays with preschool teachers’ teaching practices. In the literature and ongoing debates there are different claims about if and how digital technologies can contribute to children’s development and solving preschool educational challenges. The ways children learn from and by digital technologies have been widely studied, however, there is relatively little research on how digital technologies interplay with teachers’ teaching. Correspondingly, the approach taken here to the ways in which digital technologies contribute to early childhood education is based on preschool teachers’ practices and reasonings.In particular the focus is placed on the following research questions. How do preschool teachers reason about the embedding of IWB into their teaching practices? How do preschool teachers use IWB to structure their teaching practices? How do preschool teachers scaffold children’s learning processes in a context where IWB is used? How do IWBs mediate teaching actions? and What is privileged in the IWB-mediated teaching actions?To address these research questions, three sets of empirical data have been collected. These datasets, including interviews with preschool teachers and video observations of their teaching using IWB, were collected in 2012-2013 within the frame of the licentiate thesis and in late 2017 and early 2018 within the framework of the PhD thesis. Analytically, the study is built on a sociocultural perspective that assumes that learning is a constant social process.The findings of this study provide empirical knowledge regarding how preschool teachers reason about their use of IWB in teaching. The findings of the study, further, show that preschool teachers use diverse strategies to structure their teaching practice using the opportunities that IWB offers. The teachers’ use of IWBs exemplifies the ways they take into account the available technological features to support children’s learning within their ZPD.In its identification of scaffolding actions, this study provides rich details about how preschool teachers use a particular digital technology, IWB, in their teaching to support children’s learning and development. Scaffolding is seen as a collaborative process where preschool teachers’ active participation and emotional support plays an important role in fulfilling the given practices, and leads children’s learning to a higher level. By exploring how teachers’ teaching actions are meditated by the mediational aspects of IWB and what is privileged in the IWB-mediated teaching actions, the current study, moreover, contributes to mapping the desirable or undesirable consequences of using digital technologies in early childhood education. It also exemplifies how the use of IWB interplays with preschoolt eachers’ teaching practices.The new dimensions to scaffolding theory constructed in this thesis, further, contribute to expanding of Wood et al. (1976) theory. This can have significance for other studies using digital technologies in educational settings and can contribute to early childhood education, since early interventions, such as the ways preschool teachers support children, are particularly crucial for a child’s learning and their development later on in life.
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| 5. |
- Bourbour, Maryam, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Integration of interactive whiteboard in Swedish preschool practices
- 2015
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Ingår i: Early Child Development and Care. - : Routledge. - 0300-4430 .- 1476-8275. ; 185:1, s. 100-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims at exploring the roles preschool teachers give technologies in mathematics education and the ways they structure their mathematics learning activities using interactive whiteboard (IWB) as a technological artefact. Data collected from observations of three preschool teachers embedding IWB in a preschool practice in Sweden provided the primary data sources. The findings suggest that the use of IWB in preschool can be viewed as 'Multisensory resources to engage young children's reasoning', 'Challenging young children to engage in problem-solving activities' and 'Taking the child's interest as a point of departure'. This study also highlights the importance of preschool teachers' pedagogical and technological knowledge that shape and mediate the ways they embed IWB in preschool pedagogical practices.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Bourbour, Maryam, 1977-
(författare)
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Lärares användning av interaktiv skrivtavla i matematikundervisning i förskolan
- 2016. - 1
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Ingår i: Praktiknära forskning. - : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144109718 ; , s. 97-119
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Detta kapitel har ett specifikt fokus på lärares handlingar i samband med matematikundervisning. Förhoppningen är att kapitlet ska bidra till ökad kunskap om lärarens roll för barns matematiklärande med hjälp av interaktiva skrivtavlor. Kapitlet inleds med en beskrivning av undersökningsområdet. Därefter presenteras en historisk överblick av matematikundervisning och förskollärarens roll i förskolan. Här beskrivs hur synen på barns matematiklärande har förändrats i och med skrivningarna i förskolans läroplan och något om introduktionen av den interaktiva skrivtavlan i pedagogiska verksamheter. Efter detta följer ett avsnitt om bakgrunden till digitala redskap i matematikundervisning i förskolan. Därefter diskuteras hur en empirisk studie har genomförts och analyserats, vilka resultat den har givit och avslutningsvis diskuteras dessa resultat. Materialet som ligger till grund för detta kapitel är hämtat från en tidigare publicerad artikel (se Bourbour, Vigmo & Pramling Samuelsson, 2014).
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| 8. |
- Bourbour, Maryam, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Practise what you preach : the Interactive Whiteboard in preschool mathematics education
- 2017
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Ingår i: Early Child Development and Care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0300-4430 .- 1476-8275. ; 187:11, s. 1819-1832
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Interactive Whiteboard (IWB) is now a common technological artefact in Swedish preschools and schools. This study examines preschool teachers’ thinking behind the embedding of IWB in the early years’ mathematics classroom and how preschool teachers structure their mathematical activities when using IWB. Two complementary empirical studies, that is, interviews and video observations, were conducted with four preschool teachers. The findings demonstrate that (just) having a positive attitude to technological artefacts like IWB is less likely to enrich the learning environment and lead to pedagogical change. This suggests that teachers’ IWB use is mostly informed by their pedagogical knowledge.
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| 9. |
- Bourbour, Maryam, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Preschool teachers’ reasoning about interactive whiteboard embedded in mathematics education in Swedish preschools
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nordisk Barnehageforskning. - : Høgskolen i Oslo og Akershus. - 1890-9167. ; 7:2, s. 1-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to investigate the ways in which teachers enact the interactive whiteboard (IWB) in Swedish preschools in relation to preschool children’s mathematical learning. Data collected from interviews with four preschool teachers have provided the opportunity to consider the potential of IWB to facilitate a creative approach to young children’s mathematics education. The findings suggest that IWB use in preschool is mostly viewed as “Space for children to involve in problem-solving situations”, “Supporting collaborative learning and mutual negotiation”, “Goal-oriented mathematics learning facilitated by IWB” and “Retaining children’s interest in learning activities”. This study also highlights the importance of teachers’ technological knowledge and skills in mediating the interaction and facilitating the use of IWB in preschool pedagogical practices.
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| 10. |
- Bourbour, Maryam, 1977-
(författare)
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Putting Scaffolding Into Action : Preschool Teachers’ Actions Using Interactive Whiteboard
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study aimed to explore preschool teachers’ actions in order to support children’s learning processes in a context where an interactive whiteboard (IWB) is used. Five preschool teachers and 22 children aged 4–6 were video observed in 2017 and early spring 2018 over a period of 5 months. The findings of the study revealed 21 scaffolding actions which preschool teachers used including: Concretizing, Questioning, Instructing, Providing space, Affirming, Providing feedback, Inviting, Watching, Laughing together, Approaching, Standing/sitting beside, Simplifying, Filling in the blanks, Confirming, Par- ticipating, Challenging perception, Challenging thought, Explaining facts, Displaying, Explaining solutions, and Referring back. By characterizing teachers’ actions in relation to different scaffolding functions, the relationship between action and scaffolding function was particularly clarified. Six of the functions, including recruitment, direction maintenance, marking critical features, reduction in degrees of freedom, frustration control and demonstration were aligned with Wood et al.’s (Child Psychol Psychiatry 17:88–100, 1976) theoretical framework. By identifying two additional functions, i.e., mutual enjoyment and participation in the activity, more importantly the study contributed to the development of Wood et al.’s (Child Psychol Psychiatry 17:88–100, 1976) theoretical framework. It can be said that the findings of the study expanded and deepened our understanding regarding scaffolding processes and the ways they can be implemented in teaching practices.
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| 11. |
- Bourbour, Maryam, 1977-
(författare)
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Teachers’ mediated teaching actions through Interactive Whiteboard
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Early Years Education. - 0966-9760 .- 1469-8463.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims to investigate the ways in which a particular digital technology, the Interactive Whiteboard (IWB), mediates preschool teachers’ teaching. The following more precise research questions were explored in this study: How do IWBs mediate teaching actions? What is privileged in IWB-mediated teaching actions? Over five months, five preschool teachers and 22 children aged 4-6 were video observed. By identifying aspects of IWB as a mediational means, the findings of the study have shed light on the relationship between mediational means and teachers’ mediated teaching actions and mapped what is privileged. This study highlights seven ways that using a particular digital technology, the IWB, informs teachers’ teaching practices. This study, furthermore, maps the possible consequences of using IWB in terms of opportunities and constraints in early education.
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| 12. |
- Bourbour, Maryam, 1977-
(författare)
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Teachers’ mediated teaching actions through Interactive Whiteboard
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study aims to investigate the ways in which a particular digital technology, the Interactive Whiteboard (IWB), mediates preschool teachers’ teaching. The following more precise research questions were explored in this study: How do IWBs mediate teaching actions? What is privileged in IWB-mediated teaching actions? Over five months, five preschool teachers and 22 children aged 4-6 were video observed. By identifying aspects of IWB as a mediational means, the findings of the study have shed light on the relationship between mediational means and teachers’ mediated teaching actions and mapped what is privileged. This study highlights seven ways that using a particular digital technology, the IWB, informs teachers’ teaching practices. This study, furthermore, maps the possible consequences of using IWB in terms of opportunities and constraints in early education.
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| 13. |
- Bourbour, Maryam, 1977-
(författare)
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Using digital technology in early education teaching: learning from teachers’ teaching practice with interactive whiteboard
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Early Years Education. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0966-9760 .- 1469-8463. ; 31:1, s. 269-286
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims to investigate the ways in which a particular digital technology, the Interactive Whiteboard (IWB), mediates preschool teachers’ teaching. Over five months in 2017 and early spring 2018, five preschool teachers and 22 children aged 4–6 were video observed. By identifying aspects of IWB as a mediational means, the findings of the study have shed light on the relationship between mediational means and teachers’ mediated teaching actions and mapped what is privileged. This study highlights seven ways that using a particular digital technology, the IWB, informs teachers’ teaching practices. This study, furthermore, maps the possible consequences of using IWB in terms of opportunities and constraints in early education.
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| 14. |
- Edling, Silvia, Universitetslektor, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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I skuggan av mobbning och kränkande behandling på mellanstadiet från ett genusperspektiv : Resultat från en fallstudie
- 2024
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten är en sammanställning av en studie beställd av en kommun med syfte att få en ökad förståelse för varför förhållandevis många flickor på mellanstadiet i kommunen upplever sig mer utsatta än pojkar. Studien tar fasta på forskning som visar på att det inte finns starka biologiska förklaringar till eventuella skillnader mellan könen, vilket pekar mot vikten av att synliggöra kulturens inverkan på könsmönster, så kallad genusmönster. Det finns en ansenlig mängd forskning idag som pekar på att mobbning tar form och vidmakthålls i en socioekologisk miljö där mikro-, meso- och makronivåer samverkar. Med denna bas som utgångspunkt har 44 personer på tre skolor av olika karaktär intervjuats med stöd i semi-strukturerad intervjuteknik och kategoriserats med hjälp av fallstudier och innehållsanalys. De nästan 800 sidorna transkriberat material synliggör en nyanserad bild av elevers, lärares, skolledares, elevhälsopersonal och administrativ personals förståelse och beskrivna handlingar av hur de närmar sig skolans värdegrunds- och trygghetsuppdrag med särskilt fokus på kön. Det finns en stor kompetens och förhållandevis djup förståelse för frågor som rör utsatthet och mobbning i den grupp som har intervjuats – en kompetens som i mångt och mycket ligger i linje med forskning idag. Vi hoppas att en studie som denna kan bidra som ett systematiskt underlag och stöd för professionellt omdöme. Resultaten visar på; a) en bred variation av sätt att förstå vissa flickors utsatthet; b) metoder/åtgärder som används på de tre skolorna; samt, c) olika hinder för att stimulera en trygg socioekologisk miljö. De övergripande resultaten visar att de intervjuade är medvetna om att pojkar och flickor överlag är unika individer och där inte bara vissa flickor, utan även vissa pojkar mår dåligt och behöver lyftas fram liksom ges stöd. Samtidigt finns mönster avseende på hur flickor mår, beter sig och behandlas som är viktiga att lyfta fram. Beskrivningarna av flickors och pojkars skillnader handlar generellt om att de upplevs och upplever sig befinna sig på två olika arenor där könsstereotypa roller utvecklats vilka bygger på stereotyper om den utåtagerande och aggressiva pojken och den tysta flickan som förtrycks och tar åt sig och som ibland själv utöver mobbning i form av exempelvis subtila blickar, förtal och utfrysning. Det är viktigt att påpeka att de stereotypa föreställningar om kön som tycks finnas på skolorna, inte per automatik betyder att enskilda personers sätt att vara och handla i daglig praktik samstämmer med dessa förenklade föreställningar. Stereotyper handlar mer om att ordna och hierarkisera individer på ett visst sätt som stärker en viss maktordning. Användning av social media är något som särskilt tycks skada flickors välbefinnande och känsla av utsatthet, liksom platser i skolan där vuxna inte eller sällan finns och där tävling förekommer. I de fall där flickor är utåtagerande och högljudda så upplever vissa sig inte behandlas på samma sätt som pojkarna. Det framkommer även återkommande berättelser om att flickor och pojkar överlag leker olika lekar och inte blandas under rasterna vilket förstärker särskiljning av de två arenorna.Samtidigt framkommer ett stort engagemang och bred repertoar av åtgärder i aktörernas intervjuer som bygger på en medvetenhet om att mikro, makro- och meso- nivån behöver samverka. Eleverna lyfter särskilt fram vikten av att lärare ser dem, skapar ordnade former av aktiviteter på raster och är konsekventa i sin hantering av olika former av utsatthet. När det kommer till hinder nämns; a) de genusnormer som finns i samhället inklusive social medias inverkan; b) negativa konsekvenser av ökad dokumentation; c) relationella och existentiella villkor; d) ökning av diagnoser; e) bristande tid; f) svårigheter att veta vad man förväntas se och synliggöra i enkät och praktik; g) inkonsekvent beteende bland personal; h) brister i kommunikation mellan olika aktörer; i) svårigheter att nå samsyn och svårigheter att rekrytera vikarier; j) att skapa långsiktighet i ledarskap i skola och klassrum på grund av personalbyten: samt, k) ökning av ett grovt och kränkande språk som väver sig in i dagligt tal.
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| 15. |
- Masoumi, Davoud, et al.
(författare)
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Creating Virtual Learning Community for a Situated Language Learning Using Skype
- 2012
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Ingår i: EDEN Annual Conference, Porto, Portugal.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- At a time when so called social networking applications and sites are used and incorporated in daily life contexts by more and more people, these media have become important tools for communication and community building in the Second Language (L2) learning contexts. This study focused on the establishment and development of a Web 2.0 learning Community of Practice (CoP) in a virtual learning environment (VLE) using Skype as a social network. By addressing social networking applications and services, this article provides an empirically based perspective on how the establishment and cultivation of a Virtual Community of Practice can enhance and promote second language learning. In the virtual community of practice studied, second language (L2) learners joined a virtual community as peripheral participants to foster their communicative competence as learners who had previously studied Swedish as a foreign language by distance. Findings from the study will be examined to unpack the challenges involved in developing and sustaining online communities of practice that support second language acquisition.
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| 16. |
- Masoumi, Davoud, et al.
(författare)
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Framing adequate digital competence in early childhood education
- 2024
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Ingår i: Education and Information Technologies. - 1360-2357 .- 1573-7608.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developing children's abilities to act safely, respectfully, and responsibly in digital environments has been an essential component of educational systems for all ages. This study aims to explore what adequate digital competence is in early childhood education and how preschool teachers characterise young children's adequate digital competence. The research seeks to address these questions by conducting in-depth interviews with 13 preschool teachers at three preschools in Sweden. The collected data were analysed using thematic analysis in accordance with the Grounded Theory perspective.Preschool teachers characterize adequate digital competence in early childhood education as more than just a skillful and safe use of digital technologies. The study reveals seven key themes in which preschool teachers characterise children's adequate digital competence: (a) to become familiar with digital technologies; (b) to dare try digital technologies; (c) to use digital technologies; (d) to have a critical approach toward digital technologies; (e) to have ethical media competence, which includes moral, formal, and legal responsibilities; (f) to have problem-solving skills; (g) and to be producer, not just a consumer of digital technologies. By framing and exemplifying children's adequate digital competence, the findings of this study offer a potential framework for preschools and preschool teachers to foster children's digital competences at an appropriate level.
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| 17. |
- Masoumi, Davoud, et al.
(författare)
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Mapping Children’s Actions in the Scaffolding Process Using Interactive Whiteboard
- 2023
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Ingår i: Early Childhood Education Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media B.V.. - 1082-3301 .- 1573-1707.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims to examine children’s actions in relation to the preschool teacher’s scaffolding action in a context where an interactive whiteboard (IWB) is used. Over five months, 22 children aged between 4 and 6 years old, along with their five preschool teachers, were video observed. The study of these teaching moments has provided a rich seam of evidence that details the ways children act in relation to their teacher’s scaffolding. The results show that children manifest 12 distinct actions including: Giving short responses, Approaching the IWB to engage in the teaching activities; Explaining, Experimenting; Smiling and laughing; Pointing and showing; Working together; Challenging each other; Solving a problem; Using language in meaningful contexts; Expressing emotions; and Comparing the similarities and differences. By mapping children’s actions in the scaffolding process, which are often undermined or ignored in the existing research, the findings of this study have expanded and deepened our understanding of the scaffolding process and the notion of scaffolding itself. The findings, further, exemplify how just providing support can contribute to early childhood education, since early interventions, such as the ways preschool teachers scaffold children’s actions, are particularly crucial for children’s learning and development. © 2023, The Author(s).
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| 18. |
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