| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Bravo, L, et al.
(författare)
-
- 2021
-
swepub:Mat__t
|
|
| 3. |
- Tabiri, S, et al.
(författare)
-
- 2021
-
swepub:Mat__t
|
|
| 4. |
- Glasbey, JC, et al.
(författare)
-
- 2021
-
swepub:Mat__t
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
- Farrow, R., et al.
(författare)
-
GO-GN Conceptual Frameworks Guide
- 2021
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- If you’re a doctoral researcher (in any discipline) or someone who produces research in a professional capacity you’ve perhaps encountered the phrase “conceptual framework”. Sometimes a whole chapter of a Ph.D or Ed.D might be given over to investigating the relevance of different frameworks for an area of inquiry, or to synthesizing several frameworks together to ground the approach taken to answering a specific research question. Alternatively, you might not have heard much mention of conceptual frameworks or how they relate to what you are trying to achieve with your research. A conceptual framework brings together a set of ideas and articulates the different concepts that will be used in a study or research project. Because this is highly contextual - and often specific to a particular research question or approach - there aren’t really any general rules that cover how to do this. In addition, there is a lot of ambiguity and impreciseness in the language used to describe this stuff. Sometimes people talk about theoretical frameworks, or models, or a ‘theory of action’ that guides their research project. But do these mean different things? And are there differences between disciplines? In an empirical project the conceptual framework might be used to determine the kinds of questions to ask in a survey, or which data points to collect and focus on. A conceptual framework might be used to generate a hypothesis that is to be tested, or to facilitate the interpretation of results. On the qualitative side a conceptual framework might be used to provide the right kinds of descriptions at different stages of the research process; to identify or explore categories of analysis; or to guide and refine the conclusions drawn by a study. All of these things can happen in a single project! Given the importance and centrality of these frameworks, it might be surprising to learn that relatively little has been written about using them in research. There’s certainly a lot less published about this than research methods or methodology, for instance. (Though different methods often come with specific conceptual frameworks built in or with a more obvious alignment). So, to start making sense of all this we begin by looking at some of the papers that offer systematic guidance or understanding of the role of conceptual frameworks in research. As this guide progresses we’ll bring in perspectives from GO-GN members on their experiences with developing and using conceptual frameworks.
|
|
| 12. |
- Haas, Brian J., et al.
(författare)
-
Genome sequence and analysis of the Irish potato famine pathogen Phytophthora infestans
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 461:7262, s. 393-398
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phytophthora infestans is the most destructive pathogen of potato and a model organism for the oomycetes, a distinct lineage of fungus-like eukaryotes that are related to organisms such as brown algae and diatoms. As the agent of the Irish potato famine in the mid-nineteenth century, P. infestans has had a tremendous effect on human history, resulting in famine and population displacement(1). To this day, it affects world agriculture by causing the most destructive disease of potato, the fourth largest food crop and a critical alternative to the major cereal crops for feeding the world's population(1). Current annual worldwide potato crop losses due to late blight are conservatively estimated at $6.7 billion(2). Management of this devastating pathogen is challenged by its remarkable speed of adaptation to control strategies such as genetically resistant cultivars(3,4). Here we report the sequence of the P. infestans genome, which at similar to 240 megabases (Mb) is by far the largest and most complex genome sequenced so far in the chromalveolates. Its expansion results from a proliferation of repetitive DNA accounting for similar to 74% of the genome. Comparison with two other Phytophthora genomes showed rapid turnover and extensive expansion of specific families of secreted disease effector proteins, including many genes that are induced during infection or are predicted to have activities that alter host physiology. These fast-evolving effector genes are localized to highly dynamic and expanded regions of the P. infestans genome. This probably plays a crucial part in the rapid adaptability of the pathogen to host plants and underpins its evolutionary potential.
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
- Boudreau, Mathieu, et al.
(författare)
-
Repeat it without me: Crowdsourcing the T1 mapping common ground via the ISMRM reproducibility challenge
- 2024
-
Ingår i: MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE. - 0740-3194 .- 1522-2594. ; 92:3, s. 1115-1127
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose T-1 mapping is a widely used quantitative MRI technique, but its tissue-specific values remain inconsistent across protocols, sites, and vendors. The ISMRM Reproducible Research and Quantitative MR study groups jointly launched a challenge to assess the reproducibility of a well-established inversion-recovery T-1 mapping technique, using acquisition details from a seminal T-1 mapping paper on a standardized phantom and in human brains. Methods The challenge used the acquisition protocol from Barral et al. (2010). Researchers collected T-1 mapping data on the ISMRM/NIST phantom and/or in human brains. Data submission, pipeline development, and analysis were conducted using open-source platforms. Intersubmission and intrasubmission comparisons were performed. Results Eighteen submissions (39 phantom and 56 human datasets) on scanners by three MRI vendors were collected at 3 T (except one, at 0.35 T). The mean coefficient of variation was 6.1% for intersubmission phantom measurements, and 2.9% for intrasubmission measurements. For humans, the intersubmission/intrasubmission coefficient of variation was 5.9/3.2% in the genu and 16/6.9% in the cortex. An interactive dashboard for data visualization was also eveloped: https://rrsg2020.dashboards.neurolibre.org. Conclusion The T-1 intersubmission variability was twice as high as the intrasubmission variability in both phantoms and human brains, indicating that the acquisition details in the original paper were insufficient to reproduce a quantitative MRI protocol. This study reports the inherent uncertainty in T-1 measures across independent research groups, bringing us one step closer to a practical clinical baseline of T-1 variations in vivo.
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
- Bozkurt, M., et al.
(författare)
-
Magnetic anisotropy of single Mn acceptors in GaAs in an external magnetic field
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - : American Physical society. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 88, s. Article ID: 205203-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate the effect of an external magnetic field on the physical properties of the acceptor hole statesassociated with single Mn acceptors placed near the (110) surface of GaAs. Cross-sectional scanning tunnelingmicroscopy images of the acceptor local density of states (LDOS) show that the strongly anisotropic hole wavefunction is not significantly affected by a magnetic field up to 6 T. These experimental results are supported bytheoretical calculations based on a tight-binding model of Mn acceptors in GaAs. For Mn acceptors on the (110)surface and the subsurfaces immediately underneath, we find that an applied magnetic field modifies significantlythe magnetic anisotropy landscape. However, the acceptor hole wave function is strongly localized around theMn and the LDOS is quite independent of the direction of the Mn magnetic moment. On the other hand, for Mnacceptors placed on deeper layers below the surface, the acceptor hole wave function is more delocalized andthe corresponding LDOS is much more sensitive on the direction of the Mn magnetic moment. However, themagnetic anisotropy energy for these magnetic impurities is large (up to 15 meV), and a magnetic field of 10 Tcan hardly change the landscape and rotate the direction of the Mn magnetic moment away from its easy axis.We predict that substantially larger magnetic fields are required to observe a significant field dependence of thetunneling current for impurities located several layers below the GaAs surface.
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
- Demir, E. S., et al.
(författare)
-
In vitro activity of ceragenins against Burkholderia cepacia complex
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Antibiotics. - : Springer Nature. - 0021-8820 .- 1881-1469. ; 75:7, s. 403-409
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) species are aerobic, Gram-negative and non-fermantative bacilli. Bcc can cause clinical symptoms in patients with cystic fibrosis, ranging from asymptomatic carriage to fatal pneumonia. A pressing need exists for new antimicrobial agents that target Bcc. Ceragenins, CSA-13, CSA-131 and CSA-131 with 5% Pluronic® F127 (CSA-131P), were evaluated against Bcc clinical isolates (n = 42). MICs of ceragenins and conventional antibiotics were determined. Time-kill curve experiments were performed with 1x, 4x MICs of ceragenins and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (SXT), levofloxacin. MIC50/ MIC90 results (mg l−1) of CSA-13, CSA-131 and CSA-131P were determined as 16/64, 16/128 and 16/128, respectively. CSA-13 and CSA-131 showed bactericidal activity. CSA-13 - levofloxacin combination displayed synergistic activity against Bcc. First-generation (CSA-13) and second-generation (CSA-131 and CSA-131P) ceragenins have significant antimicrobial effects on Bcc. The findings of this study demonstrate that combinations of ceragenins with currently marketed antibiotics could be synergistic in vitro against Bcc isolates. These results suggest that combination therapy with conventional antibiotics could be an alternative approach for treating Bcc infections in the future.
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
|
|
| 25. |
- Kutkin, A. M., et al.
(författare)
-
Apertif 1.4 GHz continuum observations of the Boötes field and their combined view with LOFAR
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 676
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a new image of a 26.5 square degrees region in the Boötes constellation obtained at 1.4 GHz using the Aperture Tile in Focus (Apertif) system on the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope. We use a newly developed processing pipeline that includes direction-dependent self-calibration, which provides a significant improvement in the quality of the images compared to those released as part of the Apertif first data release. For the Boötes region, we mosaicked 187 Apertif images and extracted a source catalog. The mosaic image has an angular resolution of 27 × 11.5″ and a median background noise of 40 μJy beam-1. The catalog has 8994 sources and is complete down to the 0.3 mJy level. We combined the Apertif image with LOFAR images of the Boötes field at 54 and 150 MHz to study the spectral properties of the sources. We find a spectral flattening toward sources with a low flux density. Using the spectral index limits from Apertif nondetections, we derive that up to 9% of the sources have ultrasteep spectra with a slope below -1.2. A steepening of the spectral index with increasing redshift is also seen in the data, which shows a different dependence for the low-and high-frequency spectral index. The explanation probably is that a population of sources has concave radio spectra with a turnover frequency of about the LOFAR band. Additionally, we discuss cases of individual extended sources with an interesting resolved spectral structure. With the improved pipeline, we aim to continue to process data from the Apertif wide-area surveys and release the improved 1.4-GHz images of several well-known fields.
|
|
| 26. |
- Ovadia, C., et al.
(författare)
-
Association of adverse perinatal outcomes of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy with biochemical markers: results of aggregate and individual patient data meta-analyses
- 2019
-
Ingår i: The Lancet. - : Elsevier BV. - 0140-6736. ; 393:10174, s. 899-909
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, but the association with the concentration of specific biochemical markers is unclear. We aimed to quantify the adverse perinatal effects of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy in women with increased serum bile acid concentrations and determine whether elevated bile acid concentrations were associated with the risk of stillbirth and preterm birth. Methods We did a systematic review by searching PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases for studies published from database inception to June 1, 2018, reporting perinatal outcomes for women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy when serum bile acid concentrations were available. Inclusion criteria were studies defining intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy based upon pruritus and elevated serum bile acid concentrations, with or without raised liver aminotransferase concentrations. Eligible studies were case-control, cohort, and population-based studies, and randomised controlled trials, with at least 30 participants, and that reported bile acid concentrations and perinatal outcomes. Studies at potential higher risk of reporter bias were excluded, including case reports, studies not comprising cohorts, or successive cases seen in a unit; we also excluded studies with high risk of bias from groups selected (eg, a subgroup of babies with poor outcomes were explicitly excluded), conference abstracts, and Letters to the Editor without clear peer review. We also included unpublished data from two UK hospitals. We did a random effects meta-analysis to determine risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. Aggregate data for maternal and perinatal outcomes were extracted from case-control studies, and individual patient data (IPD) were requested from study authors for all types of study (as no control group was required for the IPD analysis) to assess associations between biochemical markers and adverse outcomes using logistic and stepwise logistic regression. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42017069134. Findings We assessed 109 full-text articles, of which 23 studies were eligible for the aggregate data meta-analysis (5557 intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy cases and 165 136 controls), and 27 provided IPD (5269 intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy cases). Stillbirth occurred in 45 (0.83%) of 4936 intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy cases and 519 (0.32%) of 163 947 control pregnancies (odds ratio [OR] 1.46 [95% CI 0.73-2.89]; I-2 = 59.8%). In singleton pregnancies, stillbirth was associated with maximum total bile acid concentration (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [ROC AUC]) 0.83 [95% CI 0.74-0.92]), but not alanine aminotransferase (ROC AUC 0.46 [0.35-0.57]). For singleton pregnancies, the prevalence of stillbirth was three (0.13%; 95% CI 0.02-0.38) of 2310 intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy cases in women with serum total bile acids of less than 40 mu mol/L versus four (0.28%; 0.08-0.72) of 1412 cases with total bile acids of 40-99 mu mol/L (hazard ratio [HR] 2.35 [95% CI 0.52-10.50]; p=0.26), and versus 18 (3.44%; 2.05-5.37) of 524 cases for bile acids of 100 mu mol/L or more (HR 30.50 [8.83-105.30]; p<0.0001). Interpretation The risk of stillbirth is increased in women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and singleton pregnancies when serum bile acids concentrations are of 100 mu mol/L or more. Because most women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy have bile acids below this concentration, they can probably be reassured that the risk of stillbirth is similar to that of pregnant women in the general population, provided repeat bile acid testing is done until delivery. Funding Tommy's, ICP Support, UK National Institute of Health Research, Wellcome Trust, and Genesis Research Trust. Copyright (c) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.
|
|
| 27. |
- Sneden, Christopher, et al.
(författare)
-
The Active Chromospheres of Lithium-rich Red Giant Stars
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 940:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have gathered near-infrared zyJ-band high-resolution spectra of nearly 300 field red giant stars with known lithium abundances in order to survey their He i λ10830 absorption strengths. This transition is an indicator of chromospheric activity and/or mass loss in red giants. The majority of stars in our sample reside in the red clump or red horizontal branch based on their V − J, MV color–magnitude diagram, and Gaia Teff and log(g) values. Most of our target stars are Li-poor in the sense of having normally low Li abundances, defined here as log ò(Li) < 1.25. Over 90% of these Li-poor stars have weak λ10830 features. However, more than half of the 83 Li-rich stars (log ò(Li) > 1.25) have strong λ10830 absorptions. These large λ10830 lines signal excess chromospheric activity in Li-rich stars; there is almost no indication of significant mass loss. The Li-rich giants may also have a higher binary fraction than Li-poor stars, based on their astrometric data. It appears likely that both residence on the horizontal branch and present or past binary interaction play roles in the significant Li–He connection established in this survey.
|
|
