| 1. |
- Abdelhady, Dalia, et al.
(author)
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The Nile and the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam: Is There a Meeting Point between Nationalism and Hydrosolidarity?
- 2015
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In: Journal of Contemporary Water Research and Education. - 1936-704X. ; 155:1, s. 73-82
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The soon-to-be completed Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), which will be the largest hydroelectric power plant and among the largest reservoirs in Africa, has highlighted the need for expanding traditional integrated water resources management to better include the cultural, social, and political complexities of large water infrastructure in development projects. The GERD will store a maximum of 74 billion cubic meters of water corresponding to approximately the average annual outflow of the Nile from the Aswan high dam. Undoubtedly, the GERD will be vital for energy production and a key factor for food production, economic development, and poverty reduction in Ethiopia and the Nile Basin. However, the GERD is also a political statement that in one stroke has re-written the hydropolitical map of the Nile Basin. The GERD has become a symbol of Ethiopian nationalism or “renaissance” (hidase in Amharic). A contrasting concept to nationalism is hydrosolidarity. This concept has been put forward to better stress equitable use of water in international water management challenges that would lead to sustainable socioeconomic development. We use the opposing notions of nationalism and hydrosolidarity at three different scales, everyday politics, state policies, and interstate and global politics to analyse some aspects of the new hydropolitical map of the Nile Basin. We argue that nationalism and national interests are not necessarily negative standpoints but that there may instead be a meeting point where regional and national interests join with hydrosolidarity principles. We believe that this meeting point can maximize not only the common good, but also the good from a national interest point of view. For this, it is important not increase collaboration instead of being locked in to the historical narrative of nationalistic culture and historical discourse. This would benefit and improve future sustainability.
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| 2. |
- Blank, Veronica, et al.
(author)
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Explaining Municipal Audit Costs : Considering the Principal
- 2009
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Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Studies of audit fees have focused on the audit market and on the organisational costs related to the production of audit. Audit is, however, an activity that is oriented towards the principal of the organisation, and could therefore be expected to vary according to the relationship between the agent and the principal, and vary according to the organisation of the principal. This is the governance issue of auditing. We hypothesize that audit fees are used mainly as a signalling device by agents and as a means of reducing conflict among agents when communicating to principals, be they citizen, the mass media or interest group. The model is tested on data from Swedish municipalities, thus extending the study of audit fees to political organisations. The test results supported the ordinary propositions of organisation and markets, as well as the proposition of the principal, thus suggesting that audit could be managed without managing auditors.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Broberg, Olof, et al.
(author)
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Characterization of Cardiac, Vascular, and Metabolic Changes in Young Childhood Cancer Survivors
- 2021
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In: Frontiers in Pediatrics. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-2360. ; 9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are at an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). It was the primary aim of this study to determine different measures of cardiac, carotid, lipid, and apolipoprotein status in young adult CCS and in healthy controls. Methods: Cardiac and common carotid artery (CCA) structure and function were measured by ultrasonography. Lipids and apolipoproteins were measured in the blood. Peripheral arterial endothelial vasomotor function was assessed by measuring digital reactive hyperemia index (PAT-RHI) using the Endo-PAT 2000. Results: Fifty-three CCS (20-30 years, 35 men) and 53 sex-matched controls were studied. The CCS cohort was divided by the median dose of anthracyclines into a low anthracycline dose (LAD) group (50-197 mg/m2, n = 26) and a high anthracycline dose (HAD) group (200-486 mg/m2, n = 27). Carotid distensibility index (DI) and endothelial function determined by PAT-RHI were both lower in the CCS groups compared with controls (p < 0.05 and p = 0.02). There was no difference in carotid intima media thickness. Atherogenic apolipoprotein-B (Apo-B) and the ratio between Apo-B and Apoliprotein-A1 (Apo-A1) were higher in the HAD group compared with controls (p < 0.01). Apo-B/Apo-A1-ratio was over reference limit in 29.6% of the HAD group, in 15.4% of LAD group, and in 7.5% of controls (p = 0.03). Measured lipid markers (low density lipoprotein and total cholesterol and triglycerides) were higher in both CCS groups compared with controls (p < 0.05). Systolic and diastolic function were measurably decreased in the HAD group, as evidenced by lower EF (p < 0.001) and lower é-wave (p < 0.005) compared with controls. CCA DI correlated with Apo-B/Apo-A1-ratio and Apo-A1. Follow-up time after treatment correlated with decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Young asymptomatic CCS exhibit cardiac, vascular, lipid, and apolipoprotein changes that could account for increased risk for CVD later in life. These findings emphasize the importance of cardiometabolic monitoring even in young CCS.
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| 6. |
- Broberg, Olof, et al.
(author)
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Childhood Cancer Survivors Have Impaired Strain-Derived Myocardial Contractile Reserve by Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography
- 2023
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In: Journal of Clinical Medicine. - 2077-0383. ; 12:8, s. 1-14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abnormal left ventricular contractile reserve (LVCR) is associated with adverse cardiac outcomes in different patient cohorts and might be useful in the detection of cardiomyopathy in childhood cancer survivors (CCS) after cardiotoxic treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate LVCR by dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) combined with measures of myocardial strain in CCS previously treated with anthracyclines (AC). Fifty-three CCS (age 25.34 ± 2.44 years, 35 male) and 53 healthy controls (age 24.40 ± 2.40 years, 32 male) were included. Subjects were examined with echocardiography at rest, at low-dose (5 micrograms/kg/min), and at high-dose (40 micrograms/kg/min) dobutamine infusion. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and global longitudinal strain (GLS), strain rate (GSR), and early diastolic strain rate (GEDSR) at different DSE phases were used as measures of LVCR. The mean follow-up time among CCS was 15.8 ± 5.8 years. GLS, GSR, and LVEF were lower at rest in CCS compared to controls (p ≤ 0.03). LVEF was within the normal range in CCS. ΔGLS, ΔGSR, and ΔGEDSR but not ΔLVEF were lower in CCS compared to controls after both low- (p ≤ 0.048) and high-dose dobutamine infusion (p ≤ 0.023). We conclude that strain measures during low-dose DSE detect impaired myocardial contractile reserve in young CCS treated with AC at 15-year follow-up. Thus, DSE may help identify asymptomatic CCS at risk for heart failure and allows for tailored follow-up accordingly.
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| 7. |
- Broberg, Olof, et al.
(author)
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Circulating leptin is associated with adverse vascular changes in young adult survivors of childhood cancer
- 2024
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In: Cardiology in the Young. - 1047-9511 .- 1467-1107.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Proteomics may help discover novel biomarkers and underlying mechanisms for cardiovascular disease. This could be useful for childhood cancer survivors as they show an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate circulating cardiovascular proteins in young adult survivors of childhood cancer and their relationship to previously reported subclinical cardiovascular disease.METHODS: Ninety-two cardiovascular proteins were measured in 57 childhood cancer survivors and in 52 controls. For proteins that were significantly different between childhood cancer survivors and controls, we performed correlations between protein levels and measures of peripheral arterial stiffness (carotid distensibility and stiffness index, and augmentation index) and endothelial dysfunction (reactive hyperemia index).RESULTS: Leptin was significantly higher in childhood cancer survivors compared to controls (normalized protein expression units: childhood cancer survivors 6.4 (1.5) versus 5.1 (1.7), p < 0.0000001) after taking multiple tests into account. Kidney injury molecule-1, MER proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase, selectin P ligand, decorin, alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor protein, and pentraxin 3 showed a trend towards group differences (p < 0.05). Among childhood cancer survivors, leptin was associated with anthracycline treatment after adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index (p < 0.0001). Higher leptin correlated with lower carotid distensibility after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, and treatments with radiotherapy and anthracyclines (p = 0.005).CONCLUSION: This proteomics approach identified that leptin is higher in young asymptomatic adult survivors of childhood cancer than in healthy controls and is associated with adverse vascular changes. This could indicate a role for leptin in driving the cardiovascular disease burden in this population.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Broberg, Pernilla, et al.
(author)
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What explains variation in voluntary disclosure? : A study of the annual reports of corporations listed on the Stockholm Stock Exchange
- 2010
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In: Journal of Management and Governance. - New York, NY : Springer-Verlag New York. - 1385-3457 .- 1572-963X. ; 14:4, s. 351-377
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The demand for information and transparency from listed corporations has recently increased. In spite of an increased demand for mandatory disclosures from regulators, corporations choose to voluntarily disclose additional information in order to satisfy demands from the capital market. However, the extent and content of information in those voluntary disclosures vary across corporations. The aim of this study is to explain the variation in the content of information in voluntary disclosures by listed corporations. The analyses are based on data collected from 431 annual reports from corporations listed on the Stockholm Stock Exchange during the years 2002 and 2005. The findings support explanations from agency theory and positive accounting theory that size and the debt ratio are positively correlated with the content of information in voluntary disclosures. Corporations with a high share of management ownership disclosed less information than corporations with a low share of management ownership. The study also shows that variations in voluntary disclosures can be explained by factors derived from institutional theory and ’international capital market pressures’. The results indicate that foreign ownership and international listing to some extent have a positive effect on the content of information in voluntary disclosures. Industry was another factor that had a significant influence on voluntary disclosures. One important finding is that regulation to some extent can stimulate voluntary disclosures; our results did not indicate an ’unintended chilling effect’ due to too much regulation. In general, the corporations disclosed more voluntary information after the introduction of IFRS. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Broberg, Pernilla, 1981-, et al.
(author)
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Why reduce profit? : accounting choice of impairments in Swedish listed corporations
- 2011
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In: International Journal of Accounting and Finance. - 1752-8224. ; 3:1, s. 49-71
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Positive accounting theory and institutional theory are used in conjunction in order to explain accounting choice. The theory is applied on IAS 36 (impairment of assets), and tested on a sample of listed Swedish corporations. We find that the choice is mainly induced by agency and general business factors and to a slighter degree by institutional factors. Especially, we find that institutional influence will be stronger when it is in the interest of important stakeholders; that impairments can be used as a mean of signalling trust to absent owners and that the institutional element of tradition cannot be tested separately from the agency element of opportunism.
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| 12. |
- Broberg, Pernilla, 1981-, et al.
(author)
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Why reduce profit? : accounting choice of impairments in Swedish listed corporations
- 2007
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Accounting choice has been explained mainly by two separate theories, positive accounting theory (PAT) and institutional theory (IT). The two theories are used in conjunction in this paper in order to derive an eclectic explanation of accounting choice. We term the effort an “eclectic accounting theory” (EAT). The theory is tested by deriving hypotheses about the choices for determining impairments according to IAS 36 (Impairment of Assets). The hypotheses are evaluated on a sample of 608 company-years of listed Swedish corporations during the years 2002–2004. Our model of general factors influencing accounting choice was able to predict 10% of the variance, indicating that the choice of impairments is induced by general business factors, institutional factors, and agency.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Broberg, Pernilla, et al.
(author)
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Why reduce profit? : accounting choice of impairments in Swedish listed corporations
- 2007
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Accounting choice has been explained mainly by two separate theories, positive accounting theory (PAT) and institutional theory (IT). The two theories are used in conjunction in this paper in order to derive an eclectic explanation of accounting choice. We term the effort an “eclectic accounting theory” (EAT). The theory is tested by deriving hypotheses about the choices for determining impairments according to IAS 36 (Impairment of Assets). The hypotheses are evaluated on a sample of 608 company-years of listed Swedish corporations during the years 2002–2004. Our model of general factors influencing accounting choice was able to predict 10% of the variance, indicating that the choice of impairments is induced by general business factors, institutional factors, and agency.
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| 15. |
- Broberg, Pernilla, 1981-, et al.
(author)
-
Why reduce profit? – Accounting choice of impairments in Swedish listed corporations?
- 2011
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In: International Journal of Accounting and Finance. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1752-8224. ; 3:1, s. 49-71
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Positive accounting theory and institutional theory are used inconjunction in order to explain accounting choice. The theory is applied onIAS 36 (impairment of assets), and tested on a sample of listed Swedishcorporations. We find that the choice is mainly induced by agency and generalbusiness factors and to a slighter degree by institutional factors. Especially, wefind that institutional influence will be stronger when it is in the interest ofimportant stakeholders; that impairments can be used as a mean of signallingtrust to absent owners and that the institutional element of tradition cannot betested separately from the agency element of opportunism.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Collin, Sven-Olof, 1957-, et al.
(author)
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Mechanisms of corporate governance going international : outlining a theory of and an initial test of the performance effects
- 2008
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Globalisation includes international product markets and capital, but also involves internationalisation of corporate governance mechanisms. We propose that internationalisation of governance mechanisms is related to improved performance of the corporation. For example, listing at several stock markets implies pressure to improve information flow and stronger adherence to international standards, which will reduce possibility for slack. Recruiting top managers and board members from an international arena will, among other things, enlarge the market for managerial labour and the market for board members, presumably putting more pressure on present managers and board members, and increase the probability of finding an adequate new manager or new board members. An integrated EU would support the internationalisation of the mechanisms through reducing the transaction costs of Europeanization. An initial test on a sample of listed Swedish corporations indicates that the proposition could be rejected. Two main reasons can be found as an interpretation of the results 1.) that mechanisms with governance functions, such as capital structure and the board have several functions, and that the governance function is not always the most important one, and 2.) that governance mechanisms cannot be analysed in isolation, since they are included in a coherent corporate governance strategy.
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| 19. |
- Collin, Sven-Olof, et al.
(author)
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Mechanisms of corporate governance going international : testing its performance effects in the Swedish economy, 2004
- 2013
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In: Baltic Journal of Management. - 1746-5265 .- 1746-5273. ; 8:1, s. 79-101
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate how internationalisation of corporate governance mechanisms influences firm performance.Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on the data collected from annual reports of the year 2004, from all 239 Swedish corporations listed on the Stockholm Stock Exchange, on which a quantitative analysis was performed.Findings – The findings suggest that internationalisation of corporate governance does not have a straightforward influence on firm performance, which can be due to: the fact that mechanisms with governance functions have several functions, of which governance is but one; and the fact that governance mechanisms cannot be analyzed in isolation, since they are included in a coherent corporate governance strategy.Originality/value – The paper is the first to investigate the corporate governance mechanisms' internationalisation issue.
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| 20. |
- Collin, Sven-Olof, 1957-, et al.
(author)
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Mechanisms of corporate governance going international : outlining a theory of and an initial test of the performance effects
- 2008
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Globalisation includes international product markets and capital, but also involves internationalisation of corporate governance mechanisms. We propose that internationalisation of governance mechanisms is related to improved performance of the corporation. For example, listing at several stock markets implies pressure to improve information flow and stronger adherence to international standards, which will reduce possibility for slack. Recruiting top managers and board members from an international arena will, among other things, enlarge the market for managerial labour and the market for board members, presumably putting more pressure on present managers and board members, and increase the probability of finding an adequate new manager or new board members. An integrated EU would support the internationalisation of the mechanisms through reducing the transaction costs of Europeanization. An initial test on a sample of listed Swedish corporations indicates that the proposition could be rejected. Two main reasons can be found as an interpretation of the results 1.) that mechanisms with governance functions, such as capital structure and the board have several functions, and that the governance function is not always the most important one, and 2.) that governance mechanisms cannot be analysed in isolation, since they are included in a coherent corporate governance strategy.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Collin, Sven-Olof Yrjö, 1957-, et al.
(author)
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Mechanisms of corporate governance going international : Testing its performance effects in the Swedish economy, 2004
- 2013
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In: Baltic Journal of Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1746-5265 .- 1746-5273. ; 8:1, s. 79-101
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate how internationalisation of corporate governance mechanisms influences firm performance.Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on the data collected from annual reports of the year 2004, from all 239 Swedish corporations listed on the Stockholm Stock Exchange, on which a quantitative analysis was performed.Findings – The findings suggest that internationalisation of corporate governance does not have a straightforward influence on firm performance, which can be due to: the fact that mechanisms with governance functions have several functions, of which governance is but one; and the fact that governance mechanisms cannot be analyzed in isolation, since they are included in a coherent corporate governance strategy.Originality/value – The paper is the first to investigate the corporate governance mechanisms' internationalisation issue.
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| 24. |
- Collin, Sven-Olof Yrjö, et al.
(author)
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Producing academic theses : the Kristianstad model
- 2016
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In: Scientific works. - Kharkov, Ukraine : Peoples Ukrainian Academy University Press. ; , s. 441-462
-
Book chapter (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- We present a model of supervising bachelor and master theses that we have developed at Kristianstad University in Sweden. It emphasizes 1.) engagement, in that the research engaged supervisor becomes engaged in both the subject of the thesis and the students writing it; 2.) the Humboldt principle, in that teachers and students collaborate for mutual benefit; 3.) the Socratic method, in that the supervisor drives students´ learning through posing questions. The model implies intense and frequent supervision, seminars with students as opponents and respondents, and finally, popular presentation, where the results are presented for an educated public. The examination of the theses have the double function of securing high standard examination and to develop the staff in their supervisory and examinatory skills. The direction of the supervisory team is mainly made through common norms, such as a thesis have to be driven by theory, methodological pragmatism implying that the problem, not the authors preferences, determine which analytical method to use and empirical orientation that theories needs to be tested or evaluated. The model described has shown good results, both in national evaluations and through number of scientific publications.
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| 25. |
- Collin, Sven-Olof Yrjö, et al.
(author)
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The auditor as consigliere in family firm
- 2017
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In: Journal of Family Business Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2043-6238 .- 2043-6246. ; 7:1, s. 2-20
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop and test a concept of auditor as consigliere in family firms, that captures additional functions to monitoring, those of advice, mediating, and conveying.Design/methodology/approachThe concept is tested through a survey conducted on 309 Swedish auditors.FindingsThe data indicate that the consigliere role is generally not emphasized, indicating that auditors primarily perform the monitoring role of the audit. However, the authors do find indications of the auditor performing the consigliere role, through performing the advisory and mediating functions and, to a smaller degree, the conveying function.Research limitations/implicationsThe survey is limited in response rate and in separating governance situations from consigliere functions.Practical implicationsWith reservation for professional independence, the auditor as consigliere could be part of the governance of the family firm, but should be trained for this activity.Social implicationsRegulators should pay attention to the consigliere role when, for example, stipulating compulsory rotation of auditors.Originality/valueThe paper shows that the auditor is more than a monitor in family firms. The consigliere role, even if not at all dominating, has to be considered, at least in family firms.
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| 26. |
- Gertsson, Nellie, 1992-
(author)
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The auditor : Creating a concept of the auditor through auditors' own perceptions and understandings of their work in relation to boundary-setting forces
- 2021
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The overall purpose of this licentiate dissertation is to advance our understanding of the auditor by creating a concept of the auditor through focusing on auditors' own perceptions and understandings of their work in relation to boundary-setting forces. The audit profession, the audit firm, the client, society, regulations, and the market are all boundary-setting forces that influence the work of auditors and how auditors perceive and understand their work. The concept of the auditor consists of who the auditor is and what the auditor does; this concept is shaped interactively by the boundary-setting forces, that exist in the auditors’ environment and by the auditors themselves, through the view auditors have of themselves and their environment. The boundary-setting forces have in recent decades undergone significant and rapid changes; for example, increased commercialization as well as significant regulatory changes, which are expected to have influenced the concept of the auditor. The concept of the auditor therefor needs to be explored to understand who today’s auditor is and what today's auditor does.This licentiate dissertation consists of three appended papers and a comprehensive summary. The appended papers constitute the basis for discussing who the auditor is and what the auditor does, thereby contributing to the concept of the auditor. This dissertation uses boundaries in exploring the concept of the auditor, since it is when the auditor encounters the boundaries of being an auditor that the auditor’s conception of an auditor becomes clear. This dissertation has a mixed-methods design based on survey and interview data.The results of this dissertation show that there are several characteristics that define who the auditor is. The auditor:is highly driven by professional valuesis less driven by business valuesis genuinely interested in auditor workis resistant to stress, heavy workload, and work–life balance issuesis admiring the audit profession and perceiving it as highly professionalis perceiving professional values in adding value to the client, i.e., in the business activitiesis enjoying adding value to the clientis more motivated by contributing to the client than to societyhas high social skills and broad knowledgeThe results of this dissertation also show that the work of the auditor in the "grey area" between auditing and consulting comprises several activities. The auditor:adds value to the client by being available and engaged, by providing mental support and family mediation, by informing and discussing, by giving tips, advice, and suggestions, by explaining, answering questions, raising questions, and questioning, and by customizing, operating, developing, and contributing expertise to the clientconducts a wide range of services, also related to the private and personal matters of the clienthas counselling, pedagogical, coaching and/or developmental roles
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| 27. |
- Mohlkert, Lilly -Ann, et al.
(author)
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Preterm arteries in childhood : dimensions, intima-media thickness, and elasticity of the aorta, coronaries, and carotids in 6-y-old children born extremely preterm
- 2017
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In: Pediatric Research. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 0031-3998 .- 1530-0447. ; 81:2, s. 299-306
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Preterm birth increases risk for adult cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that arteries in 6-y-old children born preterm are narrower, with thicker intima-media and stiffer than in peers born at term. METHODS: Children born extremely preterm (EXP, n = 176, birthweights: 348-1,161 g) and at term (CTRL, n = 174, birth weights: 2,430-4,315 g) were included. Using ultrasonography, we determined diameters of the coronaries (CA), common carotid arteries (CCA) and aorta, the carotid intima media thickness (CIMT), and the stiffness index of the CCA and aorta. RESULTS: Arteries were 5-10% narrower in EXP than in CTRL (P < 0.005) but after adjustment for body surface area, diameter differences diminished or disappeared. EXP-children born small for gestational age exhibited similar arterial dimensions as those born appropriate for date. The cIMT was 0.38 (SD = 0.04) mm and did not differ between groups. Carotid but not aortic stiffness was lower in EXP than in CTRL. CONCLUSION: In 6-y-old children born extremely preterm, conduit arteries are of similar or smaller size than in controls born at term, and they have no signs of accelerated intima media thickening or arterial stiffening. While these findings are reassuring for these children and their families, the causal pathways from preterm birth to adult cardiovascular disease remain unknown.
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| 28. |
- Mohlkert, Lilly-Ann, et al.
(author)
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Right Heart Structure, Geometry and Function Assessed by Echocardiography in 6-Year-Old Children Born Extremely Preterm-A Population-Based Cohort Study
- 2021
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In: Journal of Clinical Medicine. - : MDPI. - 2077-0383. ; 10:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Preterm birth has been associated with altered cardiac phenotype in adults. Our aim was to test the hypothesis that children surviving extremely preterm birth have important structural or functional changes of the right heart or pulmonary circulation. We also examined relations between birth size, gestational age, neonatal diagnoses of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with cardiac outcomes. We assessed a population-based cohort of children born in Sweden before 27 weeks of gestation with echocardiography at 6.5 years of age (n = 176). Each preterm child was matched to a healthy control child born at term. Children born preterm had significantly smaller right atria, right ventricles with smaller widths, higher relative wall thickness and higher estimated pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) than controls. In preterm children, PVR and right ventricular myocardial performance index (RVmpi') were significantly higher in those with a PDA as neonates than in those without PDA, but no such associations were found with BPD. In conclusion, children born extremely preterm exhibit higher estimated PVR, altered right heart structure and function compared with children born at term.
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| 29. |
- Mohlkert, Lilly-Ann, et al.
(author)
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The Preterm Heart in Childhood : Left Ventricular Structure, Geometry, and Function Assessed by Echocardiography in 6-Year-Old Survivors of Periviable Births
- 2018
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In: Journal of the American Heart Association. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2047-9980. ; 7:2
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Preterm birth has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity in adult life. We evaluated whether preterm birth is associated with deviating cardiac structure and function before school start. Methods and Results: In total, 176 children aged 6 years and born extremely preterm (EXPT; gestational age of 22-26weeks) and 134 children born at term (control [CTRL]) were studied. We used echocardiography to assess left heart dimensions, geometry, and functions. Recording and off-line analyses of echocardiographic images were performed by operators blinded to group belonging. Body size, blood pressure, and heart rate were also measured. Rates of family history of cardiovascular disease and sex distribution were similar in the EXPT and CTRL groups. Heart rate and systolic blood pressure did not differ, whereas diastolic blood pressure was slightly higher in EXPT than CTRL participants. After adjusting for body surface area, left ventricular length, width, and aortic valve annulus diameter were 3% to 5% smaller in EXPT than CTRL participants. Left ventricular longitudinal shortening and systolic tissue velocity were 7% to 11% lower, and transversal shortening fraction was 6% higher in EXPT than CTRL participants. The EXPT group also exhibited lower atrial emptying velocities than the CTRL group. Sex, fetal growth restriction, or a patent ductus arteriosus in the neonatal period did not contribute to cardiac dimensions or performance. Conclusions: Six-year-old children born extremely preterm exhibit a unique cardiac phenotype characterized by smaller left ventricles with altered systolic and diastolic functions than same-aged children born at term.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Sundström, Johan, Professor, 1971-, et al.
(author)
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Risk factors for subarachnoid haemorrhage : a nationwide cohort of 950 000 adults
- 2019
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In: International Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press. - 0300-5771 .- 1464-3685. ; 48:6, s. 2018-2025
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating disease, with high mortality rate and substantial disability among survivors. Its causes are poorly understood. We aimed to investigate risk factors for SAH using a novel nationwide cohort consortium.METHODS: We obtained individual participant data of 949 683 persons (330 334 women) between 25 and 90 years old, with no history of SAH at baseline, from 21 population-based cohorts. Outcomes were obtained from the Swedish Patient and Causes of Death Registries.RESULTS: During 13 704 959 person-years of follow-up, 2659 cases of first-ever fatal or non-fatal SAH occurred, with an age-standardized incidence rate of 9.0 [95% confidence interval (CI) (7.4-10.6)/100 000 person-years] in men and 13.8 [(11.4-16.2)/100 000 person-years] in women. The incidence rate increased exponentially with higher age. In multivariable-adjusted Poisson models, marked sex interactions for current smoking and body mass index (BMI) were observed. Current smoking conferred a rate ratio (RR) of 2.24 (95% CI 1.95-2.57) in women and 1.62 (1.47-1.79) in men. One standard deviation higher BMI was associated with an RR of 0.86 (0.81-0.92) in women and 1.02 (0.96-1.08) in men. Higher blood pressure and lower education level were also associated with higher risk of SAH.CONCLUSIONS: The risk of SAH is 45% higher in women than in men, with substantial sex differences in risk factor strengths. In particular, a markedly stronger adverse effect of smoking in women may motivate targeted public health initiatives.
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| 33. |
- Tagesson, Torbjorn, et al.
(author)
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What Explains the Extent and Content of Social and Environmental Disclosures on Corporate Websites : A Study of Social and Environmental Reporting in Swedish Listed Corporations
- 2009
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In: Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management. - New York : John Wiley & Sons. - 1535-3958 .- 1535-3966. ; 16:6, s. 352-364
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The demand for information and transparency from corporations has increased over the last few years. Today, there are other information dissemination channels besides annual financial statements. One important channel is the Internet. The aim of this study is to explain the extent and content of social disclosure information on corporations' websites. The empirical data in this study is based on annual financial statements and such websites. A multi-theoretical framework is used in order to explain the extent and content of social disclosures on corporate websites. The findings support the positive correlation of size and profitability with the content of social disclosure information on these websites. In general, State-owned corporations disclose more social information on their websites than privately owned corporations do. There are significant differences between different industries. This is true regarding not only the extent of social disclosures, but also their content. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
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| 34. |
- Tagesson, Torbjörn, et al.
(author)
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What explains the extent and content of social disclosures on corporate websites?
- 2009
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The demand for information and transparency from corporations has increased over the last few years. Today, there are other information dissemination channels besides annual financial statements. One important channel is the Internet. The aim of this study is to explain the extent and content of social disclosure information on corporations’ websites. The empirical data in this study is based on annual financial statements and such websites. A multi- theoretical framework is used in order to explain the extent and content of social disclosures on corporate websites. The findings support that size and profitability are positively correlated with the content of social disclosure information on these websites. In general, State-owned corporations disclose more social information on their websites than privately owned corporations do. There are significant differences between different industries. This is true regarding not only the extent of social disclosures, but also their content.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Umans, Timurs, et al.
(author)
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Organization culture and well-being of Swedish auditors
- 2015
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The paper explores relationship between organizational context and auditors’ well-being. Where organizational context is explored through the prism of three types of organizational culture: clan, hierarchy, adhocracy and market and well-being represented by job satisfaction, life satisfaction and life balance. The study is based on the survey of 209 Swedish auditors performed in spring 2014, and explored the relationship between organizational context and auditors’ well-being by the means of correlations and multiple regression analysis. Results of the study indicate that clan organizational culture is the strongest positive driver of auditors’ well-being. Study also indicates that hierarchy culture has a positive effect on auditors’ job satisfaction, while market culture has a negative influence on auditors’ life balance. Findings of the study have implications for both theory and practice, in that it established the link between different aspects of organizational context and auditors’ well-being consequently suggesting human resource strategy of managing organizational context to auditing firms.
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