| 1. |
- Ahlén, J, et al.
(författare)
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Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma, Aggressive Fibromatosis and Benign Fibrous Tumors Express mRNA for the Metalloproteinase Inducer EMMPRIN and the Metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MT1-MMP
- 2001
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Ingår i: Sarcoma. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1357-714X .- 1369-1643. ; 5:3, s. 143-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose:Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) has been shown to stimulate fibroblasts to production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). MMPs comprise a family of proteolytic enzymes implicated in the degradation of extracellular matrix which has been proposed to be one of the essential steps in tumor invasion and metastases. In the present study we investigated the expression and location of mRNAs forEMMPRIN, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) in mesenchymal tumors with different tendencies to recur or metastasize.Subjects:Eight malignant fibrous histiocytomas (MFH), seven aggressive fibromatosis (AF), and six benign fibrous tumors (BF).Method:The mRNA-expression ofEMMPRIN,MMP-2andMT1-MMPwere studied using mRNAin situhybridization technique.Results:The mRNA-expression ofEMMPRIN,MMP-2andMT1-MMPrespectively were found at varying frequency and level in all tumor types. The mRNAs corresponding toEMMPRINandMMP-2were seen in neoplastic cells as well as in endothelial cells both inside and outside the tumor pseudo-capsule, whereasMT1-MMPwas seen only within the tumors. The estimated mRNA levels ofEMMPRINandMMP-2covariated significantly. Overall, the highest expression was found in the MFH tumors and the lowest levels in the BF tumors.Discussion:These findings suggest that the MMP-inducerEMMPRINand the extracellular matrix degrading system involving the metalloproteinasesMMP-2andMT1-MMPis frequently activated in mesenchymal tumors. The covariation betweenEMMPRINandMMP-2support previous findings that EMMPRIN may be an inducer of MMP-2. The high levels ofMMP-2mRNA in MFH indicate a relationship between the proteolytic activity ofMMP-2and the tumor aggressiveness.
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| 2. |
- Panagopoulos, I, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical impact of molecular and cytogenetic findings in synovial sarcoma
- 2001
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Ingår i: Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer. - : Wiley. - 1045-2257. ; 31:4, s. 72-362
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Synovial sarcoma is an aggressive soft-tissue tumor that accounts for up to 10% of soft-tissue sarcomas. Cytogenetically, synovial sarcoma is characterized by the t(X;18)(p11;q11), found in more than 95% of the tumors. This translocation results in rearrangements of the SYT gene in 18q11 and one of the SSX1, SSX2, or SSX4 genes in Xp11, creating a SYT/SSX1, SYT/SSX2, or SYT/SSX4 chimeric gene. It has been shown that patients with SYT/SSX1 fusion genes have a shorter metastasis-free survival than do patients with SYT/SSX2. Previous studies have also suggested that clonal evolution may be associated with disease progression. In the present study, RT-PCR analysis showed that all 64 examined synovial sarcomas from 54 patients had SYT-SSX chimeric genes. SYT/SSX1 was found in 40 tumors from 33 patients, SYT/SSX2 in 23 tumors from 20 patients, and SYT/SSX4 in one case. Two patients had variant SYT/SSX2 transcripts, with 57 bp and 141 bp inserts, respectively, between the known SYT and SSX2 sequences. Patients with tumors with SYT/SSX1 fusions had a higher risk of developing metastases compared to those with SYT/SSX2 fusions (P = 0.01). The reciprocal transcripts SSX1/SYT and SSX2/SYT were detected using nested PCR in 11 of the 40 samples with SYT/SSX1 and 5 of the 23 samples with SYT/SSX2, respectively. Among 20 blood samples, SYT/SSX1 and SYT/SSX2 were detected in one sample each. The t(X;18), or variants thereof, was found cytogenetically in all patients but three. Among 32 primary tumors, the t(X;18) or a variant translocation was the sole anomaly in 10. In contrast, of the seven metastatic lesions that were investigated prior to radiotherapy, only one had a t(X;18) as the sole anomaly; all other tumors displayed complex karyotypes. Cytogenetic complexity in primary tumors was, however, not associated with the development of metastases. Tumors with SYT/SSX2 less often (4/12 vs. 7/15) showed complex karyotypes than did tumors with SYT/SSX1, but the difference was not significant. Combining cytogenetic complexity and transcript data, we found that the subgroup of patients with tumors showing simple karyotypes and SYT/SSX2 fusion had the best clinical outcome (2/8 patients developed metastases), and those with tumors showing complex karyotypes together with SYT/SSX1 fusion the worst (6/7 patients developed metastases). This corresponded to 5-year metastasis-free survival rates of 0.58 and 0.0, respectively (P = 0.02).
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Braumann, L, et al.
(författare)
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Femoral Metastasis from Penile Carcinoma: Report of 2 Cases
- 2015
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Ingår i: Case reports in urology. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-696X .- 2090-6978. ; 2015, s. 583851-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. Penile cancer rarely gives symptomatic skeletal metastases.Methods. We present 2 patients with squamous carcinoma of the penis who were surgically treated for metastases in the femur.Results. Both patients had pathological fractures and were operated on. In one case, the skeletal metastasis preceded any lymphatic spread of the disease, suggesting early haematogenous dissemination.Conclusions. Endoprosthetic reconstruction resulted in pain relief and restored the ambulatory capacity. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility for symptomatic bone metastases with a risk for pathological fracture in patients with penile cancer.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Gebre-Medhin, Samuel, et al.
(författare)
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Telomeric associations correlate with telomere length reduction and clonal chromosome aberrations in giant cell tumor of bone.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Cytogenetic and Genome Research. - : S. Karger AG. - 1424-859X .- 1424-8581. ; 124:2, s. 121-127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is characterized cytogenetically by frequent telomeric associations (tas). To explore the mechanisms behind the formation of tas in GCTB and to investigate their karyotypic consequences, the frequencies of tas and clonal aberrations other than tas in 20 GCTBs were compared to telomere length and status, as assessed by quantitative PCR, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and expression levels of four genes involved in telomere maintenance. Based on the G-banding results, the tumors were divided into two groups, one with a high frequency of tas and one with a low frequency. Clonal aberrations were found to be restricted to the group with a high level of tas, and the same group showed a significantly larger reduction in telomere length in tumor cells compared to peripheral blood cells. Furthermore, 65 out of 66 tas analyzed by FISH were negative for telomeric sequences. The expression levels of TERT, TERF1, TERF2, and POT1 did not correlate with telomere length or the frequency of tas. Thus, the present findings provide strong support for the notion that decreased telomere length is a prerequisite for tas in GCTBs and that the clonal changes occurring in GCTBs are derived from tas.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Nordemar, D, et al.
(författare)
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Intra-Articular Synovial Sarcomas: Incidence and Differentiating Features from Localized Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis
- 2015
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Ingår i: Sarcoma. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1357-714X .- 1369-1643. ; 2015, s. 903873-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose.To determine the incidence of intra-articular synovial sarcomas and investigate if any radiological variables can differentiate them from localized (unifocal) pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) and if multivariate data analysis could be used as a complementary clinical tool.Methods.Magnetic resonance images and radiographs of 7 cases of intra-articular synovial sarcomas and 14 cases of localized PVNS were blindedly reviewed. Variables analyzed were size, extra-articular growth, tumor border, blooming, calcification, contrast media enhancement, effusion, bowl of grapes sign, triple signal intensity sign, synovial low signal intensity, synovitis, age, and gender. Univariate and multivariate data analysis, the method of partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), were used. Register data on all synovial sarcomas were extracted for comparison.Results.The incidence of intra-articular synovial sarcomas was 3%. PLS-DA showed that age, effusion, size, and gender were the most important factors for discrimination between sarcomas and localized PVNS. No sarcomas were misclassified as PVNS with PLS-DA, while some PVNS were misclassified as sarcomas.Conclusions.The most important variables in differentiating intra-articular sarcomas from localized PVNS were age, effusion, size, and gender. Multivariate data analysis can be helpful as additive information to avoid a biopsy, if the tumor is classified as most likely being PVNS.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Skorpil, M., et al.
(författare)
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Soft-tissue fat tumours : differentiating malignant from benign using proton density fat fraction quantification MRI
- 2019
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Ingår i: Clinical Radiology. - : Saunders Elsevier. - 0009-9260 .- 1365-229X. ; 74:7, s. 534-538
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To evaluate if quantifying proton density fat fraction (PDFF) would be useful in separating lipoma, atypical lipomatous tumour (ALT) and liposarcoma in the extremities and trunk. In addition, differentiating ALT versus non-classical lipomas using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based fatty acidcomposition (FAC) and three-dimensional (3D) texture analysis was tested.Material and methods: This prospective study (undertaken between 2014–2017; comprising 20 women, 21 men) was approved by the Regional Ethical Review Board and informed consent was obtained from all participants. For PDFF and FAC 3D spoiled gradient multi-echo images were acquired. PDFF was analysed in 16 lipomas (25–76 years), 14 ALTs (42–78 years) and 11 myxoid liposarcomas (31–68 years). The difference of mean PDFF was tested with one-way analysis of variance. A support vector machine algorithm was used to find the separating mean PDFF values.Results: Mean PDFF for lipomas was 90% (range 76–98%), for ALT 83% (range 62–91%), and for liposarcoma 4% (range 0–21%). The difference of mean PDFF for liposarcomas versus ALT and lipoma was significant (p=0.0001, for both), and for ALT versus lipoma (p=0.021). The optimal threshold for separating liposarcoma from ALT and lipoma was 41.5%, and for ALT and lipoma 85%. Texture analysis could not separate ALT and non-classical lipomas, while the difference for FAC unsaturation degree was significant (p=0.013).Conclusion: Measuring PDFF is a promising complement to standard MRI, to separate liposarcomas from ALT and lipomas. Lipomas that are not solely composed of fat cannot confidently be separated from ALT using PDFF, FAC, or texture analysis.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Söderlund, V, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnosis of high-grade osteosarcoma by radiology and cytology: a retrospective study of 52 cases
- 2004
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Ingår i: Sarcoma. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1357-714X .- 1369-1643. ; 8:1, s. 31-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The diagnostic value of combined radiology and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was retrospectively assessed in a consecutive series of 52 patients with high-grade osteosarcoma. The series was divided into typical and atypical osteosarcomas according to radiological features and site. Thirty-two of 33 radiologically typical osteosarcoma cases were correctly diagnosed by cytology; one lesion was diagnosed as sarcoma NOS. Nineteen osteosarcoma cases were radiographically atypical. Six of these were diagnosed as osteosarcoma and another six as sarcoma NOS. In three cases another type of sarcoma was suggested. One case was falsely classified as benign. FNAC of three cases were non-diagnostic. Overall, the diagnostic difficulties pertained to the radiologically atypical cases. Notably, four of these also posed considerable difficulties in the histopathological assessment prompting external consultation. Our study suggests that open biopsy can be obviated in high-grade osteosarcomas exhibiting typical radiological features, i.e., in two-thirds.
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| 16. |
- Tsagozis, P, et al.
(författare)
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Current Strategies for the Treatment of Aneurysmal Bone Cysts
- 2015
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Ingår i: Orthopedic reviews. - : Open Medical Publishing. - 2035-8237 .- 2035-8164. ; 7:4, s. 6182-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aneurysmal bone cysts are benign bone tumors that usually present in childhood and early adulthood. They usually manifest as expansile osteolytic lesions with a varying potential to be locally aggressive. Since their first description in 1942, a variety of treatment methods has been proposed. Traditionally, these tumors were treated with open surgery. Either intralesional surgical procedures or <em>en</em> <em>bloc</em> excisions have been described. Furthermore, a variety of chemical or physical adjuvants has been utilized in order to reduce the risk for local recurrence after excision. Currently, there is a shift to more minimally invasive procedures in order to avoid the complications of open surgical excision. Good results have been reported during percutaneous surgery, or the use of embolization. Recently, sclerotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment, showing effective consolidation of the lesions and functional results that appear to be superior to the ones of open surgery. Lastly, non-invasive treatment, such as pharmaceutical intervention with denosumab or bisphosphonates has been reported to be effective in the management of the disease. Radiotherapy has also been shown to confer good local control, either alone or in conjunction to other treatment modalities, but is associated with serious adverse effects. Here, we review the current literature on the methods of treatment of aneurysmal bone cysts. The indication for each type of treatment along reported outcome of the intervention, as well as potential complications are systematically presented. Our review aims to increase awareness of the different treatment modalities and facilitate decision-making regarding each individual patient.
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| 17. |
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